JPH11308924A - Installation for producing culture soil - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an installation for inexpensively producing culture soil that is easy to handle because the soil is unbreakable and uncollapsible. SOLUTION: The objective culture soil-producing installation 20 is equipped with the first feeder 34 and the second feeder 42 in which the raw materials fed from the feeding tank 24 are separated into the portion containing small-size particles of rice grain husks 12A, the portion containing medium-size particles of rice grain husks 12B and the portion containing large-size particles of rice grain husks 12C and they are fed in turns. Thus, the raw materials G can be continuously laminated on the conveyer in turns so that the small particles of the husks 12A among the rice grain husks 12 may come into the inner layer, while the large particles of the husks 12C may come on the surface layer whereby the objective culture soil containing rice grain husks, sheath-core type conjugated fibers and fertilizers for growing seedlings is produced.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a soil cultivation apparatus for producing cultivation soil for raising seedlings used for raising seedlings of crops such as paddy rice.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years,
The seedlings of crops such as paddy rice are raised in a nursery, and soil cultivation is generally used as the bed soil of the nursery. However, in such soil cultivation, high-quality (homogeneous) floor soil is relatively expensive and difficult to obtain, or heavy and poor in transportability. Therefore, floor soil (cultivation soil) replacing such soil cultivation has been proposed (as an example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 56-18165).

[0003] The cultivated soil disclosed in the above publication is composed of a cultivated vegetative soil material (such as bark compost obtained by composting bark, pulp chips, sawdust, etc.) using a hydrophilic urethane prepolymer as a binder and drying. It has become. In addition,
As the binder, polyvinyl alcohol or starch may be used. This kind of soil can effectively utilize so-called industrial waste such as bark and pulp chips as a soil cultivation material, and this plant cultivation material is also relatively inexpensive.

[0004] However, the conventional cultivation as described above,
There were still the following disadvantages. That is, it takes a long time (for example, 1 hour) for bonding of the soil material (consolidation and drying using a binder).
(Approximately 3 hours), mass production was difficult, and the cost was high. In addition, the completed soil (that is, the soil hardened and dried by the binder) is hard but easily cracked or chipped, and thus collapsed during transportation,
The handling was troublesome and complicated. On the other hand, in actual use, if the conventional cultivated soil is irrigated for raising seedlings, its shape is more likely to collapse than before irrigating. For this reason, for example, even if an attempt is made to set rice on a seedling stand of an automatic rice transplanter and to carry out rice transplanting, the finger portion of the device may not be able to properly grasp the seedling, and smooth work may be difficult. Above all, in the conventional cultivation as described above, although the cultivation material itself is relatively inexpensive, a binder such as a hydrophilic urethane prepolymer is expensive, and as a result, it is still expensive as a whole.

The present invention has been made in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, and provides a cultivated soil production apparatus capable of mass-producing inexpensive and mass-produced cultivated seedling cultivation that is easy to handle without breaking or breaking. It is intended to be.

[0006]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a cultivated soil producing apparatus comprising: rice husk; a core-sheath type fiber comprising a core and a sheath having a softening temperature lower than that of the core. The rice husk and the core-sheath type fiber are stirred and mixed so that the rice hulls with small particles are located in the inner layer and the rice hulls with large particles are located in the surface layer, and the stirred and mixed rice hull and core-sheath type fiber are mixed with each other. A cultivation soil production apparatus for producing cultivation soil for raising seedlings, which is softened but the core portion is heated and formed at a temperature that does not soften, and contains a raw material obtained by stirring and mixing at least the chaff and the core-sheath fiber. The supply tank to be supplied, the rice husks contained in the raw material supplied from the supply tank, the rice hull separation means for separating the small hulls and the large husks of the particles and sequentially feeding them out, and the rice husk separation means. Small particles There rice hulls is characterized by and a conveyor for conveying while sequentially laminated so large chaff located in the inner layer particles located on the surface layer.

[0007] In the cultivation for raising seedling produced by the cultivation apparatus according to the first aspect of the present invention, the husk and the core-sheath fiber are stirred and mixed, and the husks having small particles in the husk are located in the inner layer. It is formed in a state where rice husks with large particles are stacked so as to be located on the surface layer. The seedling cultivation soil is composed of a core-sheath type fiber having a complicated and fine net-like shape and being entangled with the rice hulls and joined, and having a strong, flexible and water-retaining soil like a sponge. For this reason, it is rich in flexibility and water retention, is hardly broken or chipped, and does not lose its shape during transportation. In addition, even if watering is performed for raising seedlings, the shape does not collapse, and the handling becomes easy. Further, in the seedling cultivation soil, the rice husk and the core-sheath fiber are formed such that the rice hulls with small particles are located in the inner layer and the rice hulls with large particles are located in the surface layer. That is, the rice hulls with small particles are wrapped by the layer including the rice hulls with large particles. Therefore, the rice hulls having small particles do not overflow from the surface of the seedling cultivation medium, and the shape of the seedling cultivation medium does not collapse or the inside becomes rough (cavities do not occur). For this reason, careful handling is not required and the work is facilitated.

[0008] Therefore, in order to produce such a seedling cultivation soil, the cultivation soil production apparatus according to claim 1 is provided with a supply tank, rice husk separating means, and a conveyor. According to this soil production apparatus, at least the raw material obtained by stirring and mixing the chaff and the core-sheath fiber is accommodated in the supply tank and supplied to the chaff separation means. In the rice husk separation means, among the rice husks contained in the raw material supplied from the supply tank, the rice husks having small particles and the rice husks having large particles are separated, and are sequentially fed in a separated state. These raw materials fed out by the rice husk separating means sequentially fall onto the conveyor, and at this time, the rice husks with small particles are located in the inner layer, and the rice hulls with large particles are located in the surface layer.

As described above, the raw material containing rice hulls with small particles and the raw material containing rice hulls with large particles are automatically separated by the rice husk separating means, and a series of operations are performed in order to sequentially stack these on the conveyor. Can be sequentially and automatically performed, and the work efficiency is greatly improved. Therefore, the above-mentioned soil for raising seedlings can be mass-produced at low cost.

As described above, the cultivation soil producing apparatus according to the first aspect of the present invention can mass-produce cultivation soil for raising seedlings that is easy to handle without cracking or collapsing at low cost.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the cultivated soil producing apparatus according to the first aspect, the rice husk separating means is located immediately above the conveyor and spaced apart along the conveying direction of the conveyor. A pair of first and second feeding portions, wherein the first feeding portion feeds out a half of the layers of the seedling cultivation soil, and wherein the second feeding portion extends the seedling cultivation soil. The other half of the layer is fed out.

[0012] In the cultivation soil producing apparatus according to the second aspect, the chaff separation means includes a first feeding section and a second feeding section.
The first feeding portion feeds out a half layer of the seedling raising soil layer, and the second feeding portion feeds out another half layer of the seedling raising soil layer. Thereby, the seedling cultivation soil configured such that the small hulls of particles as described above are located in the inner layer and the large husks of large particles are located in the surface layer can be produced by a continuous process, for example, in advance, There is no need to perform operations such as superposing the half layers of the layers after they are manufactured. That is,
Since the rice husk separation means includes the first feeding portion and the second feeding portion, a series of operations can be sequentially and automatically performed, and the operation efficiency is greatly improved. Therefore,
The seedling cultivation as described above can be mass-produced at low cost.

As described above, the soil cultivation apparatus according to the second aspect of the present invention can suitably produce the seedling cultivation soil, and can be mass-produced at a lower cost.

The feed tank of the cultivation apparatus according to the first and second aspects of the present invention contains a raw material obtained by stirring and mixing rice husk and core-sheath fiber. For example, a core-sheath type polyester (manufactured by Unitika) or a bionole (manufactured by Showa Kobunshi Co., Ltd.) can be used. Further, as the chaff, it is preferable to use so-called softened and crushed chaff that has been compressed and pulverized while adding a small amount of water.
Further, the mixing ratio of the rice husk and the core-sheath type fiber may be, for example, 15 g of the core-sheath type fiber when the rice hull is 600 g, but this mixing ratio may be appropriately changed.

Further, fertilizers for raising seedlings may be further added to the raw materials (mixture obtained by stirring and mixing the rice husks and the sheath-core fibers) stored in the supply tank, and the raw materials may be stirred and mixed together. In this case, the raw material accommodated in the supply tank is configured such that the fertilizer for seedling raising is wrapped together and integrally contained by the core-sheath fiber entangled with the chaff. For this reason, the fertilizer for raising seedlings produced by the cultivation soil production device contains fertilizer for raising seedlings, and it is not necessary to add another new fertilizer to the cultivation for raising seedlings when raising seedlings. In addition, by appropriately changing the type and mixing ratio of the fertilizer for seedling raising according to the type of crop to be raised and the weather (climate), it is possible to easily and easily produce a plurality of different types of soil for raising seedlings. The scope of application expands.

As fertilizers for raising seedlings, fertilizers for medium-term growth (for example, trademark: Long M100), agents for propagation of high-quality soil bacteria (for example, zeolite), fertilizers for initial growth (for example, phosphorous sulfide), healthy seedlings Growth agents (for example, trademark: FT
E), a germination inhibitor remover (for example, citric acid), and the like.

The mixing ratio of the rice husk, the core-sheath fiber, and the fertilizer for each seedling is, for example, 15 g of the core-sheath fiber, 60 g of the fertilizer for medium-term growth, and 600 g of the rice husk.
6 g of good soil fungus propagation agent, 7 g of fertilizer for initial growth, 0.36 g of healthy seedling growth agent, 1.2 g of germination inhibitor remover
However, the mixing ratio can be appropriately changed.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the cultivated soil producing apparatus according to the second aspect of the present invention, the cultivated soil producing apparatus is provided immediately above the conveyor and between the first and second feeding portions. The fertilizer for raising seedlings having a large particle size among the fertilizers for raising seedlings is fed between the rice hulls fed from the first feeding part and the rice hulls fed from the second feeding part, and the grain is formed in an inner layer of the soil for raising seedlings. It is characterized by having a fertilizer feeding section for filling a fertilizer for raising seedlings having a large diameter.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, a fertilizer feeding section is provided between the first feeding section and the second feeding section. Fertilizer is paid out. Thereby, the fertilizer for raising seedlings having a large particle diameter is fed between the rice hulls fed from the first feeding section and the rice hulls fed from the second feeding section, and this is added to the inner layer of the seedling cultivation soil (the laminate on the conveyor). The fertilizer for raising seedlings having a large particle size is stacked in a filled state.

[0020] Thus, the seedling fertilizer having a large particle diameter is filled in the inner layer, and the seedling cultivation soil in a state of being wrapped by the layer including the rice husk and the core-sheath fiber can be produced.

Therefore, in such a medium for raising seedlings,
The seedling fertilizer with a large particle size is filled in the inner layer, and wrapped and formed by a layer composed of rice husk and a core-sheath type fiber. It does not overflow, does not require careful handling, and is easy to work.

In addition, as fertilizers for raising seedlings having a large particle size,
For example, trademark as long-term growing fertilizer: Long M100
Is applied.

[0023]

FIG. 2 shows a cultivation medium 10 for raising seedlings produced by a cultivation apparatus 20 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
3 is shown in FIG. 3, and FIG.
Is shown in an external perspective view.

The seedling cultivation soil 10 is composed of rice husk 12 as a soil cultivation base material, a core-sheath fiber 14 as a binding material, and a plurality of seedling raising fertilizers 16. For example, in order to enter the nursery box 60 (see FIG. 5), the vertical dimension is 28 cm, the horizontal dimension is 58 cm, and the thickness dimension is 2c.
m. Here, an example of the type and content of each constituent material of the seedling cultivation soil 10 will be described below.

Rice husk: 600 g Core-sheath type fiber (core-sheath type polyester: manufactured by Unitika): 15 g Medium-term growing fertilizer (trade name: Long M100): 60 g Good-quality soil fungus propagation agent (zeolite): 6 g Initial growing fertilizer (sulfide) Phosphorus): 7 g Healthy seedling raising agent (trade name: FTE): 0.36 g Germination inhibitor remover (citric acid): 1.2 g The core-sheath type polyester (made by Unitika) used as the core-sheath type fiber 14 is , A core 14A and a sheath 14B (schematically shown in FIG. 4). The sheath 14B softens at 110 ° C., and the core 14A softens at 250 ° C.
Further, as the core-sheath type fiber 14, for example, Bionole (manufactured by Showa High Polymer Co., Ltd.) can be used. In this case, the sheath 14B softens at 90 ° C. and the core 14A
Softens at 15 ° C.

The mixing ratio of the rice husk 12, the core-sheath fiber 14, and the plurality of fertilizers 16 for raising seedlings can be changed as appropriate.

As shown in FIG. 2, in the seedling cultivation soil 10, the rice husk 12A having small particles among the rice husks 12 is located in the inner layer, and the rice hull 12B having an intermediate particle size is located in the middle layer. The rice husk 12C having large particles is configured to be located on the surface layer. Furthermore, rice husk 12 and core-sheath fiber 1
4 is filled with a seedling fertilizer 16H having a large particle size (for example, Long M100 as a medium-term growing fertilizer) among the above-described seedling raising fertilizers 16. That is, the seedling fertilizer 16 </ b> H having a large particle size is configured to be wrapped by the layer including the rice husk 12 and the core-sheath fiber 14.

Next, a cultivated soil producing apparatus 20 according to an embodiment of the present invention suitable for producing the cultivated soil 10 for raising seedlings will be described.

FIG. 1 schematically shows the entire configuration of the soil cultivation apparatus 20. The soil cultivation apparatus 20 includes a conveyor 22. The conveyor 22 conveys a layered raw material G described later in detail by moving in the direction of the arrow in FIG.

Further, the cultivation soil producing apparatus 20 includes the supply tank 2
4 is provided on the conveyor 22
The raw material G obtained by stirring and mixing the rice husk 12, the core-sheath type fiber 14, and the plurality of fertilizers 16 for seedling raising is accommodated therein. At the bottom of the supply tank 24,
A pair of supply ports 26 and 28 are provided, and a first supply conveyor 30 and a second supply conveyor 32
Is arranged. The first supply conveyor 30 and the second supply conveyor 32 are set so that their transport directions are opposite to each other, and each can transport the raw material G toward the center of the supply tank 24 and drop and supply the raw material G downward. It has become.

Below the first supply conveyor 30, there is provided a first feeding section 34 constituting rice husk separating means.
The first feeding section 34 includes feeding rolls 36, 38,
40 are arranged. Each feeding roll 36, 38, 4
Numeral 0 denotes a rotating roll having vanes on the outer periphery, which are arranged with a step in the vertical direction (deviation) and deviated in the horizontal direction (deviation), and rotate in the same direction. Thereby, the raw material G dropped and supplied from the first supply conveyor 30 is sequentially discharged downward from the supply rolls 36, 38, and 40. Further, at this time, among the rice husks 12 constituting the raw material G, the rice hulls 12A having small particles overflow from between the supply rolls 36 and 38. Further, the rice husk 12B having an intermediate particle size overflows from between the delivery roll 38 and the delivery roll 40 after being transported from the upper surface of the delivery roll 36 to the delivery roll 38. Further, the rice hulls 12C having large particles are fed from the upper surface of the feeding roll 36 to the feeding roll 38 and from the upper surface of the feeding roll 38 to the feeding roll 4.
After being conveyed to 0, it is fed downward from the feed roll 40.

That is, the raw material G is supplied to each feeding roll 3
6, 38, 40, the rice hull 12A having a small particle size, the rice hull 12B having an intermediate particle size, and the rice hull 12C having a large particle size are separated and fed downward. Therefore, the raw material G fed out falls on the conveyor 22, and at this time, on the conveyor 22, rice husks 12 </ b> C having large particles, rice husks 12 </ b> B having an intermediate particle size, and small particles having small particles. Rice husk 12A
And the layers are sequentially laminated.

On the other hand, below the second supply conveyor 32, there is provided a second feeding section 42 which similarly constitutes the chaff separation means. The second feeding section 42 has feeding rolls 44, 46, 48 are arranged. Each of the pay-out rolls 44, 46, 48 is provided with the pay-out rolls 36, 3 described above.
Similar to 8, 40, this is a rotating roll having vanes on the outer periphery, and is arranged with a step in the vertical direction (displaced) and displaced in the left and right direction (displaced), and rotates in the same direction. . Thus, the raw material G dropped and supplied from the second supply conveyor 32 is sequentially discharged downward from the supply rollers 44, 46, and 48. Further, at this time, similarly to the above, the rice hulls 12A having a small particle in the rice husks 12 constituting the raw material G overflow from between the feeding rolls 44 and 46. Further, the rice husk 12B having an intermediate particle size overflows from between the feeding rolls 46 and 48 after being transported from the upper surface of the feeding roll 44 to the feeding roll 46. Furthermore, the rice hulls 12C having large particles are conveyed from the upper surface of the feeding roll 44 to the feeding roll 46, from the upper surface of the feeding roll 46 to the feeding roll 48, and then fed downward from the feeding roll 48.

That is, in the second feeding section 42 as well, the raw material G is supplied by the feeding rolls 44, 46 and 48 to the chaff 12A having a small particle size, the chaff 12B having an intermediate particle size, and the The large rice hulls 12C are separated from each other and fed downward.
Therefore, the raw material G fed out falls on the conveyor 22, and at this time, the rice hulls 12 </ b> A having small particles and the rice hulls 1 having intermediate particles are formed on the conveyor 22.
2B and a rice hull 12C having a large particle size are sequentially laminated in layers.

Further, a fertilizer tank 50 constituting a fertilizer feeding section is disposed between the first feeding section 34 and the second feeding section 42. In the fertilizer tank 50, among the plurality of fertilizers 16 for seedling raising, the fertilizer H for seedling raising having a large particle size.
(For example, trademark as fertilizer for medium-term growing: Long M10
0) is accommodated. A supply port 52 is provided at the bottom of the fertilizer tank 50, and a feeding roll 54 is arranged corresponding to the supply port 52. Thereby, the fertilizer tank 50
The seedling fertilizer H in the inside can be fed downward. Further, here, this feeding roll 54 (fertilizer tank 50)
Is arranged between the first feeding section 34 and the second feeding section 42 as described above, so that the seedling-growing fertilizer H fed from the feeding roll 54 is a raw material layered on the conveyor 22 in a layered manner. G is configured to be sequentially stacked on the rice hulls 12 </ b> A having small particles that have been fed from the first feeding section 34 (they have overflowed from between the feeding roll 36 and the feeding roll 38). Furthermore, the fertilizer H for raising seedlings is supplied to the conveyor 2
After being stacked on the second roll 2, the rice hulls 12A with small particles that have been fed out from the second feed-out section 42 (that have overflowed from between the feed-out roll 44 and the feed-out roll 46) are further stacked.

Next, the procedure for producing the seedling cultivation soil 10 by the soil cultivation apparatus 20 will be described.

First, the rice husk 12, the core-sheath type fiber 14, and the fertilizer 16 for each seedling are mixed with stirring. As the rice husk 12, it is preferable to use so-called softened and crushed rice hulls obtained by compression and crushing while adding a small amount of water. The core-sheath fiber 14 composed of the core portion 14A and the sheath portion 14B is mixed and stirred with the rice husk 12 and the fertilizer 16 for each seedling to form a complicated and fine net-like shape, and is entangled with the rice hull 12 and the fertilizer 16 for each seedling, The rice husk 12 and the fertilizer 16 for each seedling are wrapped.

Next, the stirred and mixed rice husk 12, the core-sheath type fiber 14, and the fertilizer 16 for raising seedlings (raw material G) are laminated in a predetermined state by the cultivation apparatus 20.

That is, in the soil cultivation apparatus 20, the raw material G stored in the supply tank 24 is supplied to the first supply conveyor 3.
0, and are sent to the first feeding section 34 and the second feeding section 42 via the second supply conveyor 32, respectively.

In the first feeding section 34, the raw material G dropped and supplied from the first feeding conveyor 30 is fed to the feeding roll 3
6, 38 and 40 are sequentially fed downward. On this occasion,
Among the rice husks 12 constituting the raw material G, the rice hulls 12A having small particles overflow from between the supply rolls 36 and 38, and the particle size of the rice husks 12 having an intermediate particle size.
B is transported from the upper surface of the delivery roll 36 to the delivery roll 38, and then the delivery roll 38 and the delivery roll 4
Rice husk 12
C is a feeding roll 38 from the upper surface of the feeding roll 36.
After being conveyed from the upper surface of the feeding roll 38 to the feeding roll 40, it is fed downward from the feeding roll 40. As a result, the raw material G thus fed out
Falls onto the conveyor 22, at which time the conveyor 22
Above, a rice hull 12C having a large particle, a rice hull 12B having an intermediate particle size, and a rice hull 12A having a small particle are sequentially laminated in layers.

Further, of the raw material G laminated in a layer on the conveyor 22, the rice hulls 12 A having small particles which have been fed out from the first feeding section 34 (they have overflowed between the feeding rolls 36 and 38). The seedling fertilizer H having a large particle diameter (trademark as a medium-term growing fertilizer: Long M100 or the like) accommodated in the fertilizer tank 50 and fed by the feeding roll 54 is sequentially stacked thereon.

Next, the fertilizer H for raising seedlings is supplied to the conveyor 22.
After being stacked on the above, the raw material G fed from the second feeding section 42 is further stacked.

That is, in the second feeding section 42, the raw material G dropped and supplied from the second supply conveyor 32 is sequentially fed downward from the feeding rolls 44, 46 and 48.
At this time, among the rice husks 12 constituting the raw material G, the rice husks 12A having a small particle
6, and the rice hulls 12B having an intermediate particle size are conveyed from the upper surface of the feeding roll 44 to the feeding roll 46, and then overflow from between the feeding roll 46 and the feeding roll 48. The rice hulls 12 </ b> C having large particles are dropped from the upper surface of the supply roll 44 to the supply roll 46, and the supply roll 4 is supplied from the upper surface of the supply roll 46.
After being conveyed to the feed roller 8, it is fed downward from the feed roll 48. As a result, the raw material G thus fed out falls onto the conveyor 22. At this time, the rice hulls 12A having small particles, the rice husks 12B having an intermediate particle size, and the particles The large chaff 12C is sequentially layered.

As described above, the chaff 12 mixed with stirring, the core-sheath fiber 14 and the fertilizer 16 for raising seedlings (raw material G) are laminated by the cultivation apparatus 20. As a result, as shown in FIG. Among them, the rice hulls 12A having small particles are located in the inner layer, the rice hulls 12B having intermediate particles are located in the middle layer, and the rice hulls 12C having large particles are located in the surface layer. Further, the inside of the layer composed of the rice husk 12 and the core-sheath fiber 14 is filled with the seedling fertilizer H having a large particle size among the above-described seedling raising fertilizers 16. That is, the seedling fertilizer H having a large particle size is in a state of being wrapped by the layer including the rice husk 12 and the sheath-core fiber 14.

Next, the rice husks 12 laminated as described above
And the core-sheath fiber 14 and the fertilizer 16 for raising seedlings (raw material G)
The sheath 14B of the core-sheath type fiber 14 is softened while the core 14A is not softened. In this case, for example, a core-sheath type polyester (made by Unitika) is used as the core-sheath type fiber 14.
When used, the sheath portion 14B is softened at 110 ° C. and the core portion 14A is softened at 250 ° C., so that 130 ° C. to 200 ° C.
(Preferably around 140 ° C.). on the other hand,
For example, when a bionole (manufactured by Showa Polymer Co., Ltd.) is used as the core-sheath fiber 14, the sheath 14B is softened at 90 ° C. and the core 14A is softened at 115 ° C. do it.

In this case, when performing the heat molding, the heating element is press-formed into a predetermined shape (for example, a mat shape having a vertical dimension of 28 cm, a horizontal dimension of 58 cm, and a thickness dimension of 2 cm) by a pair of male and female molds. in this case,
As the degree of pressurization, when the thickness of the raw material G (rice hull 12, core-sheath type fiber 14, and fertilizer 16 for seedling raising) which was stirred and mixed as described above and laminated in a predetermined state was 4 cm, Is preferably about 2 cm.

In the case of heat molding, the raw material G obtained by stirring and mixing and laminating the raw material G into a large mat shape beforehand by a large female mold and a male mold is cut into a predetermined shape (dimension). Good.

In addition, instead of the above-described molding die, a press roller is used, and while the raw material G is continuously supplied, the press roller is heated and pressurized to continuously form the material.
After that, it may be completed by cutting to a predetermined size by a cutter. Further, in this case, as a heating method, heating and pressurization may be performed simultaneously using the press roller itself as a heat roller, or heating may be performed by feeding hot air.

The seedling cultivation soil 10 thus completed
The sheath 14B of the core-sheath type fiber 14 is softened and welded, becomes a net-like shape and is entangled and joined with the rice hull 12, and further, the rice hull 12A of the rice husk 12 having small particles.
Are formed in a layered state such that rice hulls 12C having large particles are located in the inner layer and located in the surface layer. Here, FIG. 4 schematically shows a partially simplified state of the core-sheath type fiber 14 after the above-mentioned heat molding. This figure 4
As shown by, the sheath portions 14B are softened and welded together, so that the non-softened core portions 14A are entangled and connected to each other in a mesh form, and surround the rice husk 12 and the fertilizer 16 for raising seedlings. Thus, the seedling cultivation soil 10 having flexibility and water retention like a so-called sponge can be obtained.

When using the seedling cultivation soil 10 obtained as described above, as shown in FIG. 5, this seedling cultivation soil 10 is laid in a seedling raising box 60, irrigated, and seeded with seedlings 62 of crops such as paddy rice. Then, after covering with soil 64, watering and temperature control are carried out every day to raise seedlings.

In the seedling raising using the seedling cultivation soil 10, for example, when a core-sheath type polyester (manufactured by Unitika) is used as the core-sheath type fiber 14, the core-sheath type polyester is hydrolyzed and Decomposes in the field, while
For example, when a bionole (manufactured by Showa Polymer Co., Ltd.) is used as the core-sheath fiber 14, the bionole biodegrades and decomposes in a field for a long period of time. Therefore, there is no adverse effect on others. In addition, this seedling cultivation soil 10
Since the core-sheath fiber 14 is formed into a fine mesh and entangled with the rice hull 12 and is combined with the rice hull 12, it is configured like a so-called sponge.
Rich in flexibility and water retention. For this reason, it is hard to be broken or chipped and does not lose its shape during transportation. In addition, even if watering is performed for raising seedlings, the shape does not collapse, and the handling becomes easy. In addition, the seedling cultivation soil 10 has rice husks 12A having small particles located in the inner layer and rice husks 12C having large particles.
Rice husk 12 and core-sheath fiber 14
Is formed, and the rice hulls 12A having small particles are wrapped by a layer including the rice hulls 12C having large particles. Therefore, the rice hulls 12A having small particles do not overflow from the surface of the seedling cultivation soil 10, and the shape of the seedling cultivation soil 10 does not collapse or the inside becomes rough (voids). For this reason, careful handling is not required and the work is facilitated.

Further, since the seedling cultivation soil 10 includes the seedling fertilizer 16, it is not necessary to add another new fertilizer when raising seedlings. In addition, each of the above-mentioned fertilizers for raising seedlings 1 according to the type of crop to be raised and weather (climate).
If the types and mixing ratios of 6 are appropriately changed and a plurality of different types of seedling cultivation soil 10 are prepared, the range of application is greatly expanded.

Further, the seedling cultivation soil 10 is filled with a seedling fertilizer H having a large particle size among the seedling fertilizers 16 in the inner layer, and is wrapped by a layer including the rice husk 12 and the core-sheath fiber 14. Have been. Therefore, the nursery fertilizer H having a large particle size does not overflow from the surface of the seedling cultivation soil 10, so that careful handling is unnecessary and work is facilitated. Moreover, the fertilizer H for seedlings located in such an inner layer is:
As described above, each raw material is hardly affected by heating when it is heated and formed, and the fertilizer H for raising seedlings is prevented from being thermally deteriorated. Therefore, if the seedling fertilizer 16 that is easily affected by heating is selectively filled in the inner layer, it becomes more suitable as a seedling cultivation soil.

Therefore, in the cultivation device 20 according to the present embodiment for producing the cultivation soil 10 for raising seedlings,
A first feeding section 34 and a second feeding section 42 as rice hull separating means are provided, and these first feeding section 34 and second
The feeder 42 automatically separates the raw material G containing the rice hulls 12A having a small particle size and the raw material G containing the rice hulls 12C having a large particle size.
Since the layers are stacked on top of each other, a series of operations can be sequentially and automatically performed, and the operation efficiency is greatly improved. Therefore, the above-mentioned seedling raising soil 10 can be mass-produced at low cost.

Further, in the soil cultivation apparatus 20, half of the layers of the seedling cultivation soil 10 are fed by the first feeding part 34, and the seedling cultivation soil 1 by the second feeding part 42.
The other half of the 0 layers are paid out. Thereby, the seedling cultivation soil 10 configured such that the rice hulls 12A having small particles are located in the inner layer and the rice hulls 12C having large particles are located in the surface layer as described above can be manufactured by a continuous process. There is no need to perform operations such as stacking these layers after manufacturing each of the half layers among the layers of the cultivation soil 10. That is, since the cultivation soil manufacturing apparatus 20 includes the first feeding unit 34 and the second feeding unit 42, a series of operations can be sequentially and automatically performed, and the operation efficiency is greatly improved. Therefore, the above-mentioned seedling raising soil 10 can be mass-produced at low cost.

In the cultivation apparatus 20, the raw material G (rice hull 12 and core-sheath type fiber 1
4) was further mixed with a fertilizer 16 for raising seedlings.
Can be stored and supplied together with the mixture, and the seedling cultivation soil 10 containing the seedling-growing fertilizer 16 as described above can be easily produced, thereby greatly expanding the range of application.

Further, in this soil cultivation apparatus 20, the first
A fertilizer feeding section (fertilizer tank 50 and feeding roll 54) is provided between the feeding section 34 and the second feeding section 42. From the feeding roll 54, the seedling fertilizer H having a large particle size among the seedling raising fertilizers 16 is provided. Is paid out,
The seedling fertilizer H having a large particle size is filled in the inner layer, and the rice husk 12
The seedling cultivation soil 10 as described above in a state of being wrapped by the layer including the core-sheath type fibers 14 can be produced.

As described above, the soil cultivation apparatus 20 according to the present embodiment can mass-produce the seedling cultivation soil 10 that is easy to handle without cracking or collapsing at low cost.

In the soil cultivation apparatus 20 according to the embodiment, the first feeding section 34 and the second feeding section 42
The seedling fertilizer H having a large particle diameter is accommodated in a fertilizer feeding section (fertilizer tank 50) provided between the fertilizers and the seedling fertilizer H having a large particle diameter is filled in the inner layer by sequentially feeding the fertilizer H. The culture soil 10 was formed, but such a seedling fertilizer H was used as a raw material G (rice husk 12, core-sheath fiber 14, and seedling fertilizer 16) in the same manner as the other seedling fertilizers 16.
Alternatively, the mixture may be stirred and mixed together and housed in the supply tank 24. Even in this case, rice husks 1 with small particles
The seedling cultivation soil 10 can be formed so that 2A is located in the inner layer and rice hulls 12C having large particles are located in the surface layer.

[0060]

As described above, the soil cultivation apparatus according to the present invention has an excellent effect that low-cost and mass-produced seedling cultivation that can be easily handled without breaking or collapsing. .

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic overall configuration diagram of an embankment manufacturing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of seedling cultivation soil produced by the soil cultivation production apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is an external perspective view of the seedling cultivation soil produced by the soil cultivation production apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a partially simplified schematic diagram showing a state of a core-sheath fiber after heat molding in a seedling cultivation soil manufactured by the soil cultivation manufacturing apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a use state of the seedling cultivation soil manufactured by the soil cultivation manufacturing apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 10 seedling cultivation soil 12 rice hulls 12A rice husks with small particles 12B rice husks with medium particle size 12C rice husks with large particles 14 core-sheath fiber 14A core 14B sheath 16 fertilizer for seedling 20 cultivation equipment 22 conveyor 24 supply tank Reference Signs List 30 first supply conveyor 32 second supply conveyor 34 first feeding section (rice hull separating means) 36 feeding roll 38 feeding roll 40 feeding roll 42 second feeding section (rice husk separating means) 44 feeding roll 46 feeding roll 48 feeding roll 50 fertilizer Tank (fertilizer feeding section) 54 Feeding roll (fertilizer feeding section)

Claims (3)

[Claims] Claims: 1. A rice husk, a core-sheath fiber comprising a core and a sheath having a lower softening temperature than the core, wherein a rice hull with small particles is located in an inner layer and a rice hull with large particles is located in a surface layer. The rice husk and the core-sheath type fiber are stirred and mixed so as to be located at the position, and the stirred and mixed rice hull and the core-sheath type fiber are formed by heat molding at a temperature at which the sheath part is softened but the core part is not softened. A cultivation soil production device for producing cultivation soil for raising seedlings, comprising: a supply tank containing and supplying at least a raw material obtained by stirring and mixing the chaff and the core-sheath fiber; a raw material supplied from the supply tank; Among the rice husks, a rice husk separation unit that separates a small-particle rice hull and a large-particle rice hull and sequentially feeds them out, and a small-particle rice husk fed out by the rice husk separation unit is located in the inner layer and a large-particle rice hull is produced. Located on the surface And a conveyor that conveys the sheets while sequentially stacking them. 2. The rice husk separation means includes a pair of a first feeding portion and a second feeding portion which are located immediately above the conveyor and are separated from each other along a conveying direction of the conveyor. The feeding portion feeds out a half layer of the seedling cultivation layer, and the second feeding portion feeds another half layer of the seedling cultivation layer. The cultivation soil production apparatus according to 1. 3. A rice hull that is provided immediately above the conveyor and between the first and second feeding portions and is fed from the first feeding portion and a rice hull that is fed from the second feeding portion. The fertilizer for feeding seedlings having a large particle size out of the fertilizers for seedling, and a fertilizer feeding portion for filling the fertilizer for seedlings with a large particle size into an inner layer of the cultivation soil for seedling raising, characterized by comprising: 2. The soil cultivation production apparatus according to 2.