JPH11308832A - Torque generating equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a torque generating equipment of high efficiency and high torque which uses the magnetic energy of permanent magnets. SOLUTION: This torque generating equipment is provided with rotors R1, R2 having a plurality of salient poles 130, 230 having permanent magnets 132, 232, respectively, rotors R3, R4 having a plurality of magnetic material salient poles 330, 430, stators S1, S2 having electromagnets 150, 250 which are annularly arranged in parallel on the outer peripheries of the rotors R1, R3 and the rotors R2, R4, respectively, a rotating shaft 60 which rotatably retains the rotors R1, R2, R3, R4 inside the stators S1, S2, and current control equipment 40 which supplies exciting currents to the respective electromagnets 150, 250. By successively exciting the electromagnets 150, 250, a rotating force is applied to the rotors R1, R2. Different poles of the electromagnets 150, 250 apply attractive forces to the magnetic material salient poles 330, 430 and assist rotation.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a device for converting an electric input of a motor or the like into a mechanical output, and more particularly to a torque generating device capable of obtaining a torque output using magnetic energy of a permanent magnet.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, mechanical output of electric energy,
For example, various electric motors have been developed as conversion systems capable of extracting torque. In these conventional motors, an electromagnet is used for one or both of a stator and a rotor, and the electromagnet generates a rotating magnetic field to follow the rotor (for example, an induction motor) or a permanent magnet. A rotor provided so as to be capable of polarity reversal control in a stator magnetic field is rotatably arranged, and a rotating force is obtained by interaction of magnetic flux between the rotor and the stator (for example, a general DC motor). is there.

[0003] For such a conventional motor, various attempts have been made to increase the energy conversion efficiency by using a magnetic flux generated from a permanent magnet. The inventors have
In particular, by properly controlling the distribution of magnetic flux generated by permanent magnets, the magnetic force acting against the output torque is reduced as much as possible, the output torque is increased, and the conversion efficiency from electromagnetic energy to mechanical energy is increased. To achieve the improvement, prototypes of torque generators with various configurations have been developed.
For example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 7-7907 by the inventors of the present application has proposed a power generating device capable of increasing energy conversion efficiency by adding a permanent magnet to a rotor.

[0004]

However, in recent years, the long-term energy supply situation has become increasingly uncertain,
With the urgent need to solve environmental protection issues such as air pollution and the greenhouse effect, the development of power units that can convert electrical energy into mechanical energy as effectively as possible has become a strong social demand. ing.

[0005] The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a high-efficiency, high-torque torque generator that effectively utilizes the magnetic energy of a permanent magnet.

[0006]

In order to achieve the above object, a torque generating device according to the present invention has a first and a plurality of salient poles fixed to a rotating shaft at predetermined intervals from each other. A second rotor, and third and fourth rotors having a plurality of salient poles fixed to the rotary shaft at predetermined intervals along the rotary shaft from the first and second rotors, respectively; A first stator having both ends arranged opposite to the outer periphery of the salient pole of each of the first and third rotors, and opposing the outer periphery of the salient pole of each of the second and fourth rotors; A second stator having both ends disposed therein, wherein a magnetic body is disposed at least at a distal end of the salient pole of each of the first to fourth rotors, and the first and second rotors are disposed.
A permanent magnet is disposed radially inward of the magnetic body provided at the salient pole of the rotor, and an outer peripheral end of the magnetic body of the first rotor and an outer peripheral end of the magnetic body of the second rotor; Have different polarities, a non-magnetic material is disposed radially inward of the magnetic material provided on the salient poles of the third and fourth rotors, and coils are provided on the first and second stators. Are wound to form electromagnets, and the electromagnets of the first and second stators are excited with a predetermined timing and energizing direction to apply an attractive force to the salient poles of the rotor close to the electromagnets. It becomes like this.

[0007] Preferably, the permanent magnet is provided at a base of each salient pole of the first and second rotors, respectively.

Preferably, the permanent magnet is the first magnet.
And the second rotor.

With this configuration, when the electromagnets constituting the first and second stators are both not excited, the magnetic flux emitted from the salient poles of the first and second rotors Is in an open state, that is, a so-called open flux state, and when the electromagnets of the first and second stators are excited, one of the electromagnets in which the magnetic flux in the open state is excited to be close to the opposite polarity. The magnetic force is easily converged on the magnetic poles to generate a magnetic attraction force between them, so that the rotational force is applied to the first and second rotors by sequentially switching the exciting electromagnets in a predetermined direction. You. In addition, the other magnetic pole appears in a portion of the exciting electromagnet facing the third and fourth rotors, and a magnetic pole between the magnetic material constituting the salient poles of the third and fourth rotors and the magnetic pole of the exciting electromagnet is provided. However, since a magnetic attraction force is also generated, the same magnitude as the magnetic attraction force acting between the first and second rotors and the exciting electromagnet cannot be obtained, but the magnetic attraction force contributes to the rotation force of the rotor. , Energy conversion efficiency is increased.

[0010]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS One embodiment of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to FIGS. FIG.
2 is a side sectional view and a front view showing a schematic configuration of a torque generating device according to an embodiment of the present invention. In addition,
In these figures, in order to clarify the basic configuration and operation of the present apparatus, illustrations that are not essential, such as the housing of the apparatus, are omitted.

The torque generator of this embodiment has four rotors, namely, a first rotor R1, a second rotor R2,
It has a third rotor R3 and a fourth rotor R4. Further, around the first rotor R1 and the third rotor R3, and the outer periphery of the second rotor R2 and the fourth rotor R4,
A plurality of electromagnets 150 and 250 are annularly arranged in parallel, and constitute a first stator S1 and a second stator S2, respectively.

First rotor R1 and second rotor R2
Are rotor cores 120, 220 each formed in a substantially disk shape using a magnetic material, and six salient poles 130, 230 formed at a 60 ° pitch along the outer peripheral edge of each rotor core 120, 220. And The rotor cores 120 and 220 may be integrally formed using a magnetic material such as iron, for example. However, if thin plates of the same shape made of such a magnetic material are laminated and used, the inside of the rotor cores 120 and 220 may be formed. The generation of eddy current in the device can be suppressed, and the loss due to the eddy current during operation of the present device can be reduced.

The salient poles 130, 230 provided on the first rotor R1 and the second rotor R2 comprise permanent magnets 132, 232 and magnetic heads 134, 234, respectively. The permanent magnets 132 and 232 have a rectangular parallelepiped outer shape, and are arranged and fixed on the outer peripheral side surfaces of the rotor cores 120 and 220 such that radial ends of the rotor have magnetic poles having opposite polarities, respectively. That is, in the salient pole 130 provided on the first rotor R1 of FIGS.
Each of the permanent magnets 132 is disposed such that the one closer to the rotor core 120 has an S pole and the one farther from the rotor core 120 has an N pole. In the opposite direction to the second rotor R2, the respective permanent magnets 232 are arranged such that the one closer to the rotor core 220 is the N pole and the one farther from the rotor core 220 is the S pole.

On the other hand, the third rotor R3 and the fourth rotor R4 each have a rotor core 32 formed in a substantially disk shape.
0, 420 and salient poles 33 arranged at a 60 ° pitch along the outer peripheral side surfaces of the respective rotor cores 320, 420.
0,430. Rotor cores 320, 420
Is formed using a non-magnetic material, for example, aluminum. Each salient pole 330, 430 is a magnetic material formed in a substantially prismatic shape, and has substantially the same shape and dimensions as the salient poles 130, 230 of the first rotor R1 and the second rotor R2.

The rotors R1 to R4 are coaxially fixed to the rotating shaft 60 at predetermined intervals in this order. At this time, the rotors R1 to R4 are positioned so that the salient poles 130, 230, 330, and 430 have the same phase. Then, the first rotor R
1 and the third rotor R3 adjacent thereto, and the second rotor R2 and the fourth rotor R4 adjacent thereto each constitute a unit. Here, for convenience of the following explanation,
The former is the first unit U1 and the latter is the second unit U
It will be referred to as 2. Note that these rotors R1, R
2, R3 and R4 may be arranged along the axial direction other than that shown in FIG. Also, the rotors R1, R1
R2, R3, R4 salient poles 130, 230, 3 respectively
It is not necessary to arrange them so that 30, 30 and 430 have the same phase.

The rotating shaft 60 has bearings 90 at both ends.
It is rotatably supported by. In this embodiment, stainless steel is used as the material of the rotating shaft 60 in consideration of desired mechanical strength.

On the outer periphery of each of the units U1 and U2,
A first stator S1 and a second stator S2 are provided, respectively. As described above, each of the stators S1 and S2 is composed of twelve electromagnets 150 and 250 arranged in a ring at a pitch of 30 °. Each electromagnet 150, 2
50 is an armature 152, 25 made of a ferromagnetic material
2 and coils 154 and 254 wound around the armatures 152 and 252, respectively. Each of the coils 154 and 254 is electrically connected to an output of a current control device 70 described later.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the electromagnets 150 and 250 according to the present embodiment are formed as substantially U-shaped members, respectively.
In the first stator S1, one bent end of the first stator S1 is connected to the salient pole 130 of the first rotor R1.
2, the second rotor R2 is disposed so as to face the salient pole 230 of the second rotor R2. And, if the other bent end portion is in the first stator S1, the third rotor R3
Are disposed so as to face the salient poles 430 of the fourth rotor R4 in the second stator S2. The coils 154 and 254 are wound around one bent portion of each of the armatures 152 and 252, that is, the bent portions on the first rotor R1 and the second rotor R2 side.

In the attached drawings, each electromagnet 150,
Although it is illustrated that the magnets 250 are provided independently of each other, the armature 15 of each of the electromagnets 150 and 250 is illustrated.
2, 252 may be connected to each other. For example, twelve inwardly projecting portions are formed on an annular yoke, and these are used as armatures 152 and 252, and coils 154 and 254 are wound therearound, respectively.
0, 250 may be formed respectively.

First unit U1 and second unit U2
Are installed so as to constitute mutually independent magnetic circuits. This corresponds to the first unit U1 included in the first unit U1.
Of the stator S1 and the second unit U
2 form a magnetic circuit in which the magnetic fluxes emitted from the electromagnet 250 of the second stator S2 included in the second stator S2 are separately closed, and a part of the magnetic fluxes is partially
This is to prevent from contributing to the interaction with R4. When the current is turned off, the permanent magnet 132 provided on the salient pole 130 of the first rotor R1 is provided on the salient pole 230 of the second rotor R2 and the magnetic flux emitted radially outward. And the magnetic flux emitted radially outward from the permanent magnet 232 is prevented from forming a closed magnetic circuit. When the current is turned off, such a permanent magnet 13
When a closed magnetic circuit is formed between the magnets 2 and 232, the magnetic energy generated in the electromagnets 150 and 250 when the exciting current is turned on is consumed first to release the respective magnetic fluxes constituting the closed magnetic circuit. And the rotors R1 to R4
Is difficult to start.

The current control device 70, which is a means for controlling the exciting current to the electromagnets 150 and 250, controls the direction of the exciting current supplied to the coils 154 and 254 of the electromagnets 150 and 250 and the switching timing thereof. And a current switching device, such as a transistor or a thyristor, and a control circuit for controlling on / off of the switching devices. In this embodiment, the rotation angle sensor 80 disposed near the salient pole 130 of the first rotor R1 is:
Provided for detecting the rotation angle of the first rotor R1, for example, a light-shielding plate (not shown) having a predetermined notch shape
Various existing sensors such as an optical sensor combined with the above are appropriately used. The output signal of the rotation angle sensor 80 is input to the control circuit of the current control device 70, and the first rotor R
It is used as a trigger signal for controlling on / off of the current switching element according to one rotation angle.

Next, the operation of the torque generating device according to the embodiment of the present invention having the above configuration will be described with reference to FIGS. Note that, in FIGS. 2 to 6, only the AA arrow view and the BB arrow view of FIG. 1, that is, the first and third rotors R1 and R1 included in the first unit U1 are illustrated. Only the action of R3 and the first stator S1 is shown. This is to simplify the illustration and description,
If the polarities of the magnetic poles are respectively replaced, the second unit U
The operation is exactly the same for No. 2.

First, FIG. 2 shows a state in which no exciting current is supplied to any of the electromagnets 150 constituting the first stator S1, that is, a state in which none of the electromagnets 150 is excited. The state at the time of is shown. In this state, the first rotor R1 is located at a position where the salient poles 130 of the first rotor R1 are attracted to any one of the electromagnets 150 of the first stator S1 and are substantially opposed to each other. At this time, the magnetic material head 134 is transferred from the N pole of the permanent magnet 132 disposed on each salient pole 130.
The magnetic flux flows into the armature 152 of the electromagnet 150 facing through the armature, and the armature 152 is magnetized according to the magnetic force of the permanent magnet 132 and the magnetic permeability of the armature 152. 2 to 6 schematically shows the magnetic flux distribution of the permanent magnets and the electromagnets. Therefore, needless to say, the range and intensity of the magnetic flux shown in the figure are set for explanation only, and do not quantitatively indicate the actual pattern of the magnetic flux distribution.

Next, FIG. 3 shows an initial startup state in which a predetermined electromagnet 150 of the first stator S1 is excited to start the apparatus. As described above, in the apparatus according to this embodiment, twelve electromagnets 150 on the first stator S1 side and six salient poles 130 on the first rotor R1 side are provided at an equal pitch. As described above, every other electromagnet 150 of the first stator S1 faces the salient pole 130 of the first rotor R1. In the start-up initial state, of the first stator S1 side electromagnets 150, the electromagnets 150 located between the salient poles 130 of the first rotor R1 have opposite polarities to the magnetic poles of the permanent magnets 132 of each salient pole 130. , Ie, the S pole is excited. The exciting current supplied to each electromagnet 150 at this time is controlled by the current control device 70 as described above. The electromagnet 150 thus located between the salient poles 130 of the first rotor R1
Is excited to the S pole, the permanent magnet 132 of each salient pole 130
As shown in FIG. 3, the magnetic flux emitted by the convergence converges toward the closest excitation electromagnet 150, and a magnetic attractive force acts between the two. This magnetic attractive force acts on the first rotor R1 to rotate in the circumferential direction, that is, to rotate the first rotor R1 clockwise, whereby the first rotor R1 starts rotating clockwise.

On the other hand, looking at the third rotor R3,
As shown in FIG. 3A, the end of the armature 152 of each electromagnet 150 located between the adjacent salient poles 330 of the third rotor R3 is magnetized to the N pole. The magnetic flux emitted from the N pole of the electromagnet 150 magnetizes the salient poles 330 closest to each other, and a magnetic attractive force acts between the two. Therefore, each salient pole 330 applies a force rightward in the circumferential direction of the third rotor R3. receive. Due to the magnetic attraction force received from the electromagnet 150, the third rotor R3 obtains a clockwise rotating torque, and the first rotor R1 coaxially fixed to the rotating shaft 60 receives the torque from the electromagnet 150. Acts to assist the rotational force. In this case, the salient pole 330 of the first rotor R1 is connected to the salient pole 330 of the third rotor R3.
0, no permanent magnet is provided, so salient pole 3
The magnetic attractive force acting between the magnet 30 and the electromagnet 150 (the armature 152 in FIG. 3A) is compared with the magnetic attractive force acting between the salient pole 130 of the first rotor R1 and the exciting electromagnet 150. Although weak, the one pole of the electromagnet 150 and the other opposite pole of the electromagnet 150 that apply a rotational force to the first rotor R1 both contribute to rotation, thereby improving the energy conversion efficiency of the device.

As described above, when the excitation current is supplied to the predetermined electromagnet 150 to be excited, the magnetic flux emitted from the permanent magnet 132 provided in each salient pole 130 of the first rotor R1 is closest. It is converged toward the located electromagnet 150. Along with this, an area where the magnetic flux distribution is extremely sparse,
So to speak, a magnetic gap occurs.

Next, the rotating shaft 60 and the first and third rotors R1 and R3 fixed thereto are rotated clockwise by one.
When rotated by 5 °, the state shown in FIGS. 4A and 4B is obtained. Each salient pole 130 of the first rotor R1
Is located near the middle between the exciting electromagnet 150 positioned forward in the rotational direction and the non-exciting electromagnet 150 positioned rearward in the rotational direction, and is subsequently attracted to the exciting electromagnet 150 magnetized to a different magnetic pole positioned clockwise forward. As a result, the first rotor R1 keeps rotating. Further, the salient pole 330 of the third rotor R3 also continuously receives the magnetic attraction from the excited electromagnet 150, and
1, contributes to the clockwise rotation of R3. At this time, in the inside of the magnetic material head 134, behind the magnetic flux converged toward the exciting electromagnet 150 located in the rotation direction front of the first and third rotors R1 and R3, As shown, the magnetic flux distribution is very sparse. Therefore, between the salient pole 130 of the first rotor R1 and the non-exciting electromagnet 150 behind in the rotation direction, a magnetic attraction force that prevents the clockwise rotation of the first and third rotors R1, R3 is generated. Has little effect. Therefore, the magnetic energy of the permanent magnet 132 is effectively used for the rotation of the first rotor R1.

When the first and third rotors R1 and R3 further rotate clockwise by 15 ° from the state shown in FIG. 4, the state shown in FIG. 5 is obtained. The salient poles 130, 330 of each of the first and third rotors R1, R3 have reached a position substantially facing the excited electromagnet 150. In this state, as shown, the salient pole 130 of the first rotor R1 and the third rotor R
The magnetic attraction force acting between the third salient pole 330 and the exciting electromagnet 150 acts in the radial direction of the first and third rotors R1, R3, and the drive for rotating these rotors R1, R3 no longer occurs. Does not function effectively as a force. Therefore, the energization of the coils 154 of the electromagnets 150 that have been excited so far is interrupted, and the non-excited electromagnets 150 that are located forward of the electromagnets 150 in the rotor rotation direction, respectively.
An exciting current is supplied to the coil 154 to excite them. Thereby, the first rotor R1 and the third rotor R
3 is in the state shown in FIG. This corresponds to a state in which the first and third rotors R1 and R3 shown in FIG. 3 are shifted clockwise by 30 °, and the salient poles 130 of the first rotor R1 and the third rotor R3 are shifted. Each salient pole 330 has
Rotational driving force is again applied by the magnetic attraction force acting between each of the electromagnets 150, which is located at the front of the clockwise direction and has a different polarity, and the first and third rotors R
1, R3 can maintain clockwise rotation.

The timing for switching the exciting current to the coil 154 of the electromagnet 150 included in the first stator S1 is determined by the number of poles of the first stator S1 (the first stator S1).
The number is determined by the number of electromagnets 150 provided in 1) and generally needs to be switched every (360 / n) ゜. Accordingly, in this embodiment, since the number of poles n of the first stator S1 is n = 12, the stator-side electromagnet 150 excited every (360/12) = 30 ° is rotated clockwise as described above. Will be switched to However, the direction in which the excitation electromagnet 150 is switched is as follows.
Needless to say, it may be determined according to a desired rotor rotation direction.

In the above description, the first rotor R
The electromagnet 1 in which each salient pole 130 is excited to a different pole
Although the exciting electromagnet 150 is switched when the magnet 50 substantially faces the magnet 50, more strictly, a change in the magnetic flux distribution when each salient pole 130 approaches the electromagnet 150 excited with a different polarity is determined by a finite element. By adopting a method such as sequential analysis using a method, or by measuring and comparing the output characteristics with the excitation switching timing of the electromagnet 150 as a parameter, not only can the output torque and the energy conversion efficiency be improved, but also the torque It is possible to find the optimum excitation current switching timing in consideration of other factors such as fluctuation suppression. Then, the setting condition of the sensor 80 may be adjusted so that the output signal of the rotation angle sensor 80 for detecting the rotation angle of the rotor R1 satisfies the optimization condition.

Next, another embodiment of the present invention will be described. FIG. 7 is a side sectional view illustrating a schematic configuration of a torque generating device according to another embodiment, and corresponds to FIG. 1 in the above-described embodiment. As shown in FIG. 7, the torque generator according to this embodiment differs from the previous embodiment in the configuration of the first and second rotors R1 and R2. That is, in the first embodiment, the salient poles 130, 230 provided on the first and second rotors R1, R2 are respectively provided at the bases thereof.
Although the permanent magnets 132 and 232 for magnetizing the magnet 30 are provided, in the present embodiment, these permanent magnets 13 and 232 are used.
2 and 232, the first and second rotors R1 and R2
A hollow cylindrical permanent magnet 132 'is disposed between the magnets.

The hollow cylindrical permanent magnet 132 'is magnetized so that both axial ends thereof have magnetic poles of opposite polarities. The permanent magnet 132' is inserted into the rotating shaft 60, and the first and second ends are provided at both ends thereof. The two rotors R1 and R2 are arranged close to each other. In FIG. 7, the permanent magnet 132 'is magnetized so that the left end in the axial direction is the N pole and the right end in the axial direction is the S pole. In this case, each of the rotor cores 120 and 220 is formed of a magnetic material and has a permanent magnet 132 ′.
Rotor R1 and its salient pole 1 closely contacted with the left end of the rotor
Reference numeral 30 denotes an N pole, and the second rotor R2 and its salient pole 230 which are in close contact with the right end of the permanent magnet 132 'are magnetized to an S pole. Unlike the first embodiment, the configuration of the present embodiment does not require the provision of the permanent magnets 132 and 232 at the bases of the salient poles 130 and 230, respectively, so that the configuration of the rotors R1 and R2 can be simplified. Can be. Thereby, the number of parts and the number of processing steps can be reduced, and the manufacturing cost of the apparatus according to this embodiment can be reduced.

Even in the apparatus of this embodiment having a configuration different from that of the first embodiment, the permanent magnet 13
The magnetic flux emitted from the magnets 2 ′ is adjacent to the exciting electromagnets 15 in the salient poles 130, 230 of the rotors R 1, R 2.
0,250 so that the excitation electromagnet 15
By sequentially switching 0 and 250, the same operation and effect as described with reference to FIGS. 3 to 6 of the first embodiment can be obtained.

[0034]

Next, a torque generator according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG.
9 is a partially cutaway side view of the torque generating device G according to the embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 9 is a view as seen from the line IX-IX in FIG. In these figures, the same elements as those of the torque generating devices according to the first and second embodiments of the present invention shown in FIGS. is there.

The torque generating device G according to this embodiment is mainly arranged to cause magnetic interaction between the first and second stators S1, S2 and the respective stators S1, S2. First and third rotors R1, R
3, second and fourth rotors R2, R4, and a casing 500 for accommodating them. First and second
The stators S1 and S2 have twelve sets of electromagnets 150 and 250, respectively, which are annularly arranged at equal pitches to form magnetic poles on the stator side. Further, the first and second rotors R1 and R2 are provided with six sets of permanent magnets 132 and 232, respectively, forming rotating magnetic poles. Note that, among the excitation control means for controlling the supply of the excitation current to each of the electromagnets 150 and 250 constituting the stators S1 and S2, the current control device 70 in the above embodiment is not shown.

First, the first to fourth rotors R1 to R4 will be described. The first and second rotors R1, R2 are:
Cylindrical rotor cores 1 each fixed to a rotating shaft 60
20 'along the outer circumferential surface of the rotor core 120'
The permanent magnets 132 and 232 are arranged at a pitch of 0 °, and the magnetic heads 134 and 234 are fixed to the outer peripheral end surfaces of the permanent magnets 132 and 232, respectively.

The rotor core 120 'is a substantially hollow cylindrical member, and is fitted to the rotating shaft 60 and fixed to the rotating shaft 60 by fixing means such as a key (not shown). Six concave portions are provided on the outer periphery of the rotor core 120 'at one longitudinal end thereof at a pitch of 60 [deg.] Along the circumferential direction. Also, at the other longitudinal end of the rotor core 120 ′,
Also in the circumferential direction, six concave portions are provided corresponding to the concave portions provided at the one end. The rotor core 12
A rectangular parallelepiped permanent magnet 132 is fitted into each of the recesses provided at one end of the 0 ', and is fixed using an appropriate adhesive or the like. In the case of FIG. 8, each permanent magnet 132
Are arranged such that the side in contact with the rotor core 120 'is the S pole and the side remote from the rotor core 120' is the N pole. On the other hand, each of the recesses provided at the other end of the rotor core 120 ′ has a rectangular parallelepiped permanent magnet 2.
32 are fixed. In FIG. 8, the permanent magnet 23
2 is the N pole on the side in contact with the rotor core 120 ',
The rotor is arranged such that the side remote from the rotor core 120 'is the south pole. That is, the permanent magnets 132 and the permanent magnets 232 provided on the rotor core 120 'are arranged in the same phase along the outer peripheral side of the rotor core 120'.
The polar arrangements will be different from each other.

Magnetic heads 134 and 234 are fixed to the radially outer surfaces of the permanent magnets 132 and 232 by appropriate means such as an adhesive. Each of the magnetic heads 134 and 234 forms a magnetic path of a magnetic flux emitted from each of the permanent magnets 132 and 232, and may be selected from an appropriate magnetic material. The shape and dimensions may be appropriately determined according to the design conditions of the apparatus. However, the radial thickness of the rotors R1 and R2 of these magnetic heads 134 and 234 may be set to any of the electromagnets 150 and included in the stators S1 and S2. It is determined by considering that the magnetic flux can be sufficiently converged on them when the magnets 250 are excited. In this embodiment, as an example, each magnetic head 134, 23
4 was made to have a maximum thickness of 7 mm. Note that FIG.
As clearly shown in FIG.
The cross-sectional shape of the rotors R4 and R234 viewed from the axial direction is asymmetric, and a portion protruding in the rotation direction (clockwise direction in FIG. 9) is provided. This is because when the electromagnets 150 and 250 of the stators S1 and S2 are excited, the permanent magnets 132 and
This is because the magnetic flux between the magnets 2 and each of the exciting electromagnets 150 and 250 converges to enable stable starting in a predetermined rotation direction. However, such magnetic heads 134, 23
Forming the four protrusions is not essential for the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 8, the permanent magnet 132 and the magnetic head 134 constituting the salient pole 130 of the first rotor R1 are sandwiched between end plates 150a and 150b and inserted through the magnetic head 134. Fastener 14 consisting of a pin and a nut which can be screwed in from both ends thereof
Tightened by 0. Further, the permanent magnet 232 and the magnetic head 23 constituting the salient pole 230 of the second rotor R2 are formed.
4 is similarly clamped by the end plates 250a and 250b and tightened by the fastener 240. This is because the permanent magnets 132 and 232 and the magnetic heads 134 and 234
Is to prevent the rotor R1 and R2 from separating from the rotor core 120 'due to a mechanical external force such as centrifugal force or vibration during rotation of the rotors R1 and R2.

Each of the end plates 150a, 150b, 25
Reference numerals 0a and 250b denote contours of the outer peripheral edges of the rotors R1 and R2 including the permanent magnets 132 and 232 and the magnetic heads 134 and 234, that is, a planar shape having projections corresponding to the salient poles 130 and 230 at a pitch of 60 °. have. Also,
Each end plate 150a, 150b, 250a, 250b has
A hole having an inner diameter formed according to a mounting position on the rotor core 120 'is provided. If the permanent magnets 132 and 232 and the magnetic heads 134 and 234 are fixed to the rotor core 120 'while maintaining the desired strength, respectively, by the above-described adhesive or the like, the above-described fastening is performed. Fixing by the tools 140 and 240 is unnecessary. Further, even when auxiliary fixing means is used together as in this embodiment, it is not always necessary to use the fasteners 140 and 240 as in this embodiment.

Next, the third and fourth rotors R3 and R4 will be described. These rotors R3 and R4 have salient poles 33 composed of substantially cylindrical rotor cores 320 and 420, and magnetic heads fixed along the outer peripheral side surfaces, respectively.
0,430. Similarly to the rotors R1 and R2, six concave portions are formed on the outer peripheral side surface of each of the rotor cores 320 and 420 at a pitch of 60 °, and the permanent magnets 132 and 232 and the magnetic head 134 are respectively formed in these concave portions. , 234 are integrally fixed with salient poles 330, 430 having a shape and size, respectively, using an appropriate means such as an adhesive.

As shown in FIG. 8, the salient pole 330 of the third rotor R3 is sandwiched between end plates 350a and 350b, and a pin inserted into the salient pole 330 and a nut which can be screwed in from both ends thereof. Fastener 340 made of
Be tightened by Also, the salient poles 4 of the fourth rotor R4
30 is similarly sandwiched between end plates 450a and 450b and similarly tightened by fasteners 440. Such a configuration is provided by the first and second rotors R described above.
1, R2 for the same reason. Therefore, it is not always necessary to employ such fixing means for the third and fourth rotors R3 and R4, and it is also possible to use appropriate fixing means other than those shown in this embodiment.

The above-mentioned end plates 350a, 350b,
450a and 450b are the first and second rotors R1,
The end plates 150a, 150b, 250a,
Each of the holes has the same configuration as that of the hole 250b, but the inner diameter of each hole is appropriately changed according to the mounting portion. (For example, in FIG. 8, the inner diameter of the end plate 350b is formed to be substantially equal to the outer diameter of the rotating shaft 60.) The rotating shaft to which the above-described first to fourth rotors R1 to R4 are attached. A large-diameter portion 60a, which serves as a reference for the mounting position of each rotor, is formed on the 60. In FIG. 8, a third rotor R3 is fitted on the left side of the large diameter portion 60a via a spacer 62 and a bush 64, and is fixed to the rotating shaft 60 with fixing means such as a key (not shown). On the right side of the large diameter portion 60a, first, the first and second rotors R1,
R2 is fitted, then the spacer 62 and the bush 64
And a fourth rotor R4 is fitted through the shaft and fixed to the rotating shaft 60 by fixing means (not shown) such as a key. The spacer 62 and the bush 64 are members provided for positioning the first to fourth rotors R1 to R4 in the axial direction of the rotary shaft 60, respectively. It may be appropriately selected. In some cases, the first to fourth rotors R1
A member that adjusts the dynamic balance of the rotating body including the rotating shaft 60 and the rotating shaft 60 may also be used.

The rotating shaft 60 is connected to the casing 5 of the device G.
00 are rotatably supported by bearings 90, 90 fixedly mounted. The type of the bearing 90 may be appropriately selected according to conditions such as the design rotation speed of the rotating shaft and the applied load.

The casing 500 includes a body 500a formed in a relatively thin hollow cylindrical shape, and end plates 500b for closing the openings at both ends. Each end plate 500
b is fastened to the body 500a by a screw 500c.

Next, the first and second stators S1, S2
Will be described. Since the first stator S1 and the second stator S2 have the same configuration,
Here, the first stator S1 will be mainly described.
The first stator S1 is provided at the trunk 5 of the casing 500.
1 that are arranged at a pitch of 30 ° along the inner peripheral side of 00a
It has two sets of electromagnets 150.

Each electromagnet 150 has an armature 152
And coils 154 and 354 wound around the outer periphery. Note that one of the coils 354 (the second stator S2
In the case of coil 454. ) Is a spare coil provided for use in various experiments, and is a dummy which is not energized in this embodiment.

The armature 152 includes cores 152a, 1
52c, and a yoke 152b connecting the cores 152a, 152c, are formed as a U-shaped member as a whole. The cores 152a and 152c are fixedly connected to the yoke 152b by screws 500d.
Other means such as an adhesive may be used. Further, the armature 152 can be formed as an integral member.

Each of the cores 152a and 152c has a first
Salient pole 130 of the rotor R1 and salient pole 3 of the third rotor R3
30 and are fixed to the inner peripheral side surface of the body portion 500a of the casing 500 (in this embodiment, the screw 500e is used as the fixing means, but other configurations may be used). Good.) In other words,
The electromagnet 150 is annularly disposed so as to surround the outer circumferences of the first rotor R1 and the third rotor R3. Core 1 above
The materials and shape dimensions of 52a, 152c and yoke 152b are appropriately determined according to design conditions. The specifications such as the wire used for the coil 154 and the number of turns thereof may be determined in accordance with the design conditions. As described in the first embodiment, each electromagnet 150 is configured to have a magnetic circuit independent of each other, whereby the magnetic flux generated by the electromagnet 150 when exciting each coil 154 is Of the permanent magnet 132 can be effectively generated without sneaking around the non-excited electromagnet 150.

As described above, the second stator S2 has the same configuration as that of the first stator S1, as shown in FIG. Second stator S2
Are twelve sets attached at predetermined intervals in the axial direction of the rotating shaft 60 and along the inner peripheral side surface of the body 500a of the casing 500 so as to be in phase with the first stator S1. It comprises an electromagnet 250. Armature 252 of each electromagnet 250 constituting the second stator S2
Are arranged such that their cores 252a and 252c can be substantially opposed to the salient poles 230 and 430 of the second rotor R2 and the fourth rotor R4, respectively.

One end plate 500b of the casing 500 is provided with a support frame 530 as a part of the excitation control means.
The optical sensors 600 are attached. A light blocking plate 61 is fixed to an end of the rotating shaft 60 protruding from one end plate 500 b of the casing 500 by a fixing nut 620.
0 is fixedly provided.

As the optical sensor 600, a sensor that detects the presence or absence of light reception by using a combination of a light emitting diode (LED) and a phototransistor is used. May be used. The light-shielding plate 610 outputs the output of the optical sensor 600 to the rotating shaft 60.
Is a substantially disk-shaped thin plate provided to provide a trigger for controlling according to the rotation angle of the disk. FIG. 10 shows an example in this embodiment. The light-shielding plate 610 of FIG. 10 has six projections 610a formed at equal pitches along the outer peripheral edge thereof. It is configured to shut off. Since the central angle of each protrusion 610a is set to approximately 30 °, the rotation axis 60
オ ン Every time it rotates, it turns on and off repeatedly. As already described with respect to the first embodiment, the first and second
In order to apply a magnetic force such that the salient poles 130, 230 of the rotors R1, R2 are always attracted in the rotational direction, the electromagnets 150, constituting the first and second stators S1, S2
250 arrangement pitches, ie 3 in this embodiment.
It is necessary to switch the electromagnet to be sequentially excited every 0 °, and the output of the optical sensor 600 is input to a current control device 70 (not shown) as a trigger for giving the switching timing. Thereby, the coils 1 of the electromagnets 150 and 250
The excitation current supplied to 54, 254 is sequentially switched to the adjacent electromagnets 150, 250 in the rotational direction every 30 °.

With the structure described above, the torque generating device G according to this embodiment has the same operation and effect as the device according to the first embodiment, and generates torque. The first and second stators S1, S2
The description of how to control the excitation current supplied to each of the electromagnets 150 and 250 is omitted, but the rotation angle of the rotation shaft 60 based on the combination of the light shielding plate 610 and the optical sensor 600 is omitted. Switching the electromagnet for supplying the exciting current at a predetermined timing based on the output signal obtained from the detecting means can be realized in various forms by a switching circuit using an element such as a power transistor. In addition, as the rotation angle detecting means of the rotating shaft 60, a proximity switch, various rotary encoders, and the like can be employed in addition to those exemplified in this embodiment.

[0054]

As described above in detail, according to the torque generating device according to the present invention, when the electromagnets constituting the first and second stators are both in the non-excited state, the first and the second magnets are not driven. While the magnetic flux emitted from the permanent magnets provided on the salient poles of the second rotor is in an open state, that is, in a so-called open flux state, when one of the electromagnets of the first and second stators is excited. Since the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet in the open state easily converges to the magnetic poles of the electromagnets excited to different polarities in proximity to each other to generate a magnetic attractive force between the two, the excitation electromagnets are sequentially set to predetermined positions. , The magnetic energy of the permanent magnet is effectively converted to the rotational force of the first and second rotors.

Further, for the portion of the electromagnet facing the third and fourth rotors where the opposite pole of the exciting electromagnet appears,
Since a magnetic attraction force is also generated between the magnetic material constituting the salient poles of these rotors and the magnetic poles of the excitation electromagnet, the magnetic attraction force acting between the first and second rotors and the excitation electromagnet is reduced. Although the same strength cannot be obtained, it contributes as the rotational force of the rotor and increases the energy conversion efficiency.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a first diagram illustrating a configuration of a torque generating device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a second diagram illustrating the configuration of the torque generating device according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a first diagram illustrating an operation of the torque generating device according to the embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a second diagram illustrating the operation of the torque generating device according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a third view showing the operation of the torque generator according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a fourth diagram illustrating the operation of the torque generating device according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a configuration of a torque generating device according to another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a partially sectional side view showing a configuration of a torque generator according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a view taken in the direction of an arrow in FIG. 8 showing a configuration of a torque generating device according to one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a plan view of a light shielding plate used in the torque generator according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 R1, R2, R3, R4 Rotor S1, S2 Stator 130, 230, 330, 430 Salient pole 132, 232, 132 'Permanent magnet 134, 234 Magnetic head 150, 250 Electromagnet 152, 252 Armature 154, 254 Coil 60 Rotating shaft Reference Signs List 70 current control device 80 rotation angle sensor 90 bearing 500 casing 600 optical sensor 610 light shielding plate

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A first and a second rotor having a plurality of salient poles fixedly mounted on a rotating shaft at a predetermined interval from each other; and a plurality of salient poles extending from the first and the second rotors along the rotating shaft, respectively. Third and fourth rotors having a plurality of salient poles fixedly mounted on the rotating shaft at predetermined intervals, and opposed to the outer periphery of each of the salient poles of the first and third rotors; A first stator having both ends; and a second stator having both ends opposed to the outer periphery of the salient pole of each of the second and fourth rotors, wherein the first to fourth rotors are provided. A magnetic material is disposed at least at a tip end of the salient pole of the rotor, and a permanent magnet is disposed radially inside the magnetic material provided at the salient pole of the first and second rotors. An outer peripheral end of the magnetic body of the first rotor and an outer peripheral end of the magnetic body of the second rotor; The first and second stators are arranged such that ends have different polarities, and a non-magnetic material is disposed radially inward of the magnetic material provided at the salient poles of the third and fourth rotors. A coil is wound around the magnet to form an electromagnet, and the electromagnets of the first and second stators are excited at a predetermined timing and an energizing direction to apply an attractive force to the salient pole of the rotor close to the electromagnet. A torque generator characterized in that: 2. The torque generator according to claim 1, wherein the permanent magnet is provided at a base of each salient pole of the first and second rotors. 3. The torque generator according to claim 1, wherein the permanent magnet is interposed between the first rotor and the second rotor.