JPH11300223A - Horizontal type crusher - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a horizontal type crusher in which crushing action between a striking member and a grate is enhanced. SOLUTION: In the crusher, rotors 3 are rotated in the inside of a casing 1 and crushing material M is crushed by impact action of striking members 4 of the rotors 3 and shearing action among the striking members 4, an anvil 7 and a grate 8. Projections 18 are provided by forming unevennecesses on the upper face of the grate 8. Movement resistance of the crushing material M on the grate 8 is increased by the projections 18 and crushing material M is made difficult to be moved and thereby shearing action is enhanced. Further, crushing material M is positioned on the projections 18 so as to cross over them and when crushing material M is struck by the striking members 4 in this state, crushing material M is pushed into recessed parts and thereby shearing action caused by the peripheral edges of the projections is effectively performed and crushing material is smoothly crushed. Furthermore, a vinyl sheet or the like is caught on the projections 18 and smoothly crushed.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a horizontal crusher for efficiently crushing crushed materials such as rocks, minerals and bulky waste.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art This type of horizontal crusher (hammer crusher) is described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 61-187944, etc., and is horizontally laid in a casing 1 as shown in FIG. A rotating shaft 2, a rotor 3 fitted on the rotating shaft 2, a plurality of strikers 4 (4 a, 4 b) swingably mounted on the rotor 3, and a regular opening in the bottom of the casing 1. A great portion 8 having a portion 9, a supply port (inlet port) 5 on the side of the casing 1, a chute 6 arranged obliquely below the supply port 5, and a lower end of the chute 6 With an anvil 7 placed on the front.

In this horizontal crusher, the crushed material M supplied from a supply port 5 slides down on a chute 6 and is sent onto an anvil 7 to collide with a striker 4 rotating at high speed. . Then, after being subjected to the crushing action, it is repelled by the striker 4 and collides with the great 8, and further subjected to the crushing action.

[0004] By the crushing action, the crushed material M sufficiently crushed is discharged through the opening 9 of the great 8, and the crushed material M not sufficiently crushed is further hit by the striker 4. In response to the impact crushing action, it is subjected to the shearing action of the striker 4 and the grate 8 and crushed until it becomes fine. In this way, the supplied crushed material M is finely crushed, and the casing 1 is crushed through the opening 9.
It is discharged outside.

A horizontal crusher of this type is described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 9-31964 and the like, and as shown in FIG. There are two large and small pieces 4a, 4b, and the great 8 has a radius of curvature alternately toward the rotation axis direction of the rotor 3 according to the rotation radius of the outer edge of the striker 4a, 4b. It has different arc surfaces.

According to this technique, industrial waste (crushed material) including tires and chair cushions can be efficiently crushed, and the crushed material M is hit hard on a ridge (small diameter portion) on the inner surface of the Great 8. The crushed material M is broken by being sandwiched between the tip 4a and the great piece 8, and further crushed between the large striker 4a and the wall surface having the step of the ridge.

Further, as described in JP-A-6-226123 and the like, as shown in FIG.
In some cases, a collision member 8a having a step is provided around the rotor 3, and the crushed material M is taken out from the upper discharge port 5a. In the drawing, reference numeral 5b denotes a swing arm.

[0008]

In the prior art, the upper surface of the grate 8 is generally the same arc surface flush with the rotation axis direction, and it is difficult to obtain sufficient movement resistance of the crushed material M on the upper surface of the grate 8. Efficient shear crushing action by the great 8 and the striker 4 cannot be expected. This is because if the crushed material M slides on the great 8, the crushed material M is drawn by the striker 4 to a considerable extent, and the crushing action is reduced.

In the technique shown in FIG. 8B, the soft crushed material M on the ridge can be sheared and crushed.
The only part that contributes to the shearing is the wall surface. If the crushed material M is blown backward by the striker 4, the opportunity for shearing is lost. That is, the upper surface (inner surface) of the great plate 8 having the width t with which the strikers 4a and 4b face each other is flush with each other, and within the width t, the crushed material M is attracted and a high shearing action can be expected. Absent. For this reason, especially in the case of a hard crushed material such as a metal, a shearing effect cannot be expected.

Further, in the technique described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Hei 6-226123, since no opening is formed in the collision member 8a, that is, since the collision member 8a does not become the great 8, crushed debris accumulates at the bottom of the step, It becomes a dead zone, and it is not possible to discharge finely divided materials smoothly.

An object of the present invention is to improve the shearing action of a crushed material between a striker and a great.

[0012]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention is designed to increase the movement resistance of the crushed material on the great. If the movement resistance is increased, the crushed material that is subjected to the shearing action between the striker and the great is difficult to move, so that the action is improved. Next, according to the present invention, the phenomenon in which the crushed material straddles the space on the upper surface of the great is caused to occur more frequently, and the above-mentioned shearing action is improved.

[0013]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS As one embodiment of the present invention, a rotor is provided in a casing into which crushed material is put, and a plurality of impactors are swingably mounted on the outer periphery of the rotor. In a horizontal crusher for impact crushing the crushed material and discharging the crushed crushed material from a great opening around the rotor, each of the strikers has a circular locus whose outer edge has the same radius of rotation. Thus, a configuration may be employed in which irregularities are formed on the upper surface of the great in the rotation axis direction of the rotor.

[0014] Further, in the above-mentioned striking element, the outer edge of the striking element does not form a circular locus having the same radius of rotation, and has a different radius of rotation along the direction of the axis of rotation of the rotor. May be adopted such that each striker is formed in the upper surface having a width facing each other.

If there are irregularities on the upper surface of the great, the movement resistance of the crushed material on the upper surface increases, and if the crushed material is located between the convex portions, it will straddle the convex portion. The unevenness is formed by a projection, a ridge, a groove, a recess, or the like.

Incidentally, in a vertical crusher, there is a crusher in which projections (protrusions) are provided on the inner surface of the casing facing the striker, and crushed material is hooked on the projections to improve the shearing action (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 8-108). No. 150346). But,
The horizontal crusher has an opening 9 in its great 8, and the surface of the casing (great 8) facing the striker 4 has irregularities. That is, the unevenness due to the projections of the vertical crusher is the same as that of the conventional Great 8 of the horizontal crusher, and the present invention is further provided with unevenness on the upper surface of the Great 8 having the unevenness, The significance is different from the projection of the vertical crusher. In the case of a vertical crusher, the crushed material crushed by the projections descends and is discharged. Therefore, even if the crushed material is sufficiently finely crushed, the crushed material is not immediately discharged, and is again (repeated). Since it is hit by a striker, there is a problem in crushing efficiency.

[0017]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The horizontal crusher of this embodiment
As shown in FIG. 1, a rotating shaft 2 horizontally laid in a casing 1, a rotor 3 fitted on the rotating shaft 2, and a plurality of strikers 4 swingably mounted on the rotor 3. And a great 8 having a regular opening 9 at the bottom of the casing 1
And a supply port 5 on the side of the casing 1, a chute 6 arranged obliquely below the supply port 5, and an anvil 7 mounted on a receiving table 12 at the lower end of the chute 6. Things. The striker 4 has both a ring type shown in this figure and a hammer type not shown, but the circle drawn by the outermost end of the striker 4 is all designed to have the same radius.

The chute 6 is provided with a concave portion 10 at the lower end, and the anvil 7 is provided with concave portions 11 at both end sides (see FIG. 2). The recess 11 allows the anvil 7
Is formed on the surface of the concave portion, and the peripheral edge of the concave portion becomes the edge 11a, so that the shearing action is smoothly performed. The recesses 11 are formed on both sides (the left and right edges in FIG. 1) of the anvil 7 and are used in reverse if the inside of the casing 1 is damaged.

The great 8 has a plurality of great bars 13a,
13b, 13c, 13d, and 13e (13) are arranged in an arc shape, and the closed great bar 13a having no opening first, and the great bars 13b, 13c, and 13d for forming the opening 9 subsequently. , 13e are provided in order.

As shown in FIG. 3, the great bar 13d is conventionally used, and has a long horizontal bar 14 and
It comprises a front projection 15, a rear projection 16 projecting in a comb-teeth shape in a direction perpendicular to the front and rear of the horizontal bar 14, and blocks 17 located at both ends of the horizontal bar 14. On the other hand, in the great bars 13b and 13c, a plurality of upper surface projections 18 are formed by cutting out the upper surface of the horizontal bar 14 as shown in FIG. The closed great bar 13a is obtained by changing the front projection 15 of the great bar 13c to a ridge 19 and omitting the opening 9. These great bars 13 are
By arranging 5 and 16 in contact with each other along the rotation direction of the rotor 3, a great 8 having a regular opening 9 around the periphery is formed. At this time, the projections 18 are arranged in a staggered arrangement when viewed from above. Further, the great bar 13 is arranged such that a predetermined gap, for example, a gap of 20 mm to 30 mm is formed between the great bar 13 and the rotating striker 4. FIG. 4 shows the arc surface developed in a plane.

This embodiment has the above configuration.
Explaining the operation, the crushed material M supplied (input) from the supply port 5 slides down on the chute 6 and the anvil 7
And subjected to the shearing and crushing action of the striker 4 and the anvil 7 rotating at high speed.

At this time, the crushed material M is pressed against the concave portion 10 of the chute 6 and the concave portion 11 of the anvil 7 as shown in FIG. Further, since the crushed material M is pressed while straddling both the upper surface of the anvil 7 and the concave portion 11 thereof, the crushed material M is crushed on the upper surface, and further pressed downward in the concave portion 11,
The crushed material M is sheared (divided) by the edge 11a. Further, of the crushed material M, the portion crushed on the upper surface remains at that position, and the portion pressed downward by the concave portion 11 tends to move together with the striker 4, so that the edge 11a shears the crushed material M ( The dividing) operation is performed efficiently. Since the edge 11a is located around the concave portion 11, it receives more shearing action, and the shearing direction (left-right direction and front-back direction) is different, so that more efficient shearing action is performed.

By these shearing actions, crushed material M having relatively low strength such as wood is reliably sheared. In addition, it is difficult to say that the crushed material M having a relatively large strength such as a metal is surely sheared, but it is at least damaged.

Incidentally, as compared with the case where the concave portion 11 is not provided (flat), the crushed material M enters the concave portion 11, so that the pressing force (surface pressure) on the upper surface is increased.
It can be said that the shearing action of the crushed material M by the edge 11a is considerably large.

The crushed material M subjected to the shearing action in the anvil 7 is repelled backward by the striker 4 and collides with the great bar 13 to be crushed. Further, the crushed material M on the great 8 is caused by a collision with the striker 4, a collision with the great 8 after being repelled by the striker 4, and a shear between the striker 4 and the great 8. Crushed.

In the shearing action between the striker 4 and the great 8, the great bars 13a to 13c close to the supply port 5 are provided.
Is provided with a projection 18 on its upper surface, so that the crushed material M that has collided with the obstacle (projection 18) cannot move or the movement resistance increases, and the striker 4 rotating at high speed
, And is efficiently hit by a shearing action or a crushing action. In addition, since the crushed material M is pressed while straddling the projections 18 on the upper surface of the great 8 (great bar 13), the crushed material M is crushed on the upper surface, and further pressed downward in the concave portion between the projections 18,
The crushed material M is smoothly sheared (divided) by the peripheral edge of the projection 18.

When the crushed material M is oversized garbage, the oversized garbage is crushed in order to reuse resources, and metal trash (for example, an iron plate or a motor outside a refrigerator) and soft trash ( It is necessary to categorize the plastic inside the refrigerator, the vinyl sheet of the simple costume case) and the wooden waste (such as a chest of drawers).

For this purpose, it is necessary to finely crush the oversized refuse so that the refuse can be classified for each refuse. However, as in the case of a refrigerator, it is difficult to separate both of the bulky refuse in which the foamed resin for heat insulation is bonded to the outer iron plate.

However, in this embodiment, when the iron plate to which the foamed resin is bonded is caught on the projection 18, it cannot move or the movement resistance increases, and the foamed resin tends to move together with the striker 4, so that the foamed resin is Is torn off. Even if the foamed resin is caught on the projections 18, the operation is reversed, and the iron plate is similarly scraped off. In addition, the vinyl sheet S is torn together with the striker 4 after being hooked on the projection 18 as shown in FIG. In this way, the foamed resin or the vinyl sheet S, which has been difficult to crush, has become finer, and the finer than the opening 9 is immediately discharged.

Further, crushed materials such as metal and wood which are easily crushed also hit the projections 18 and receive the impact of the striker 4, so that they are crushed efficiently. In particular, in the case of metal, damage such as cracks has occurred at the anvil 7, and
The cracks are enlarged and the crushing portion is efficiently crushed.

Further, since the projections 18 are arranged in a staggered manner, even if the crushed material M passes without colliding with one of the projections 18 of the great bar 13, the other great rear projections 18 having different positions of the projections 18 are provided. It is highly probable that it will collide with the projection 18 of the bar 13, and if it does, it undergoes the crushing action described above.

The crushed material M sufficiently crushed by these crushing actions is discharged through the opening 9 of the great 8 and the crushed material M not sufficiently crushed is
Furthermore, it is hit by the striker 4 and crushed until it becomes fine. In this way, the supplied crushed material M is finely crushed and discharged out of the casing 1 through the opening 9.

The grating 8 can be constituted by a plurality of gratings in addition to the great bars 13. One embodiment is shown in FIG. 7, and the grating 20 is composed of a curved plate portion 22 having a large number of square holes 21 (openings 9), and leg portions 23 provided on the lower surface of the curved plate portion 22. The side surface 24 facing the traveling direction of the striker 4
In addition, a protruding ridge 26 is provided at a position lower than the top surface (upper surface) 25 of the grating 20 by a certain length, so that a shelf surface 27 is provided.
Is formed on the top surface 25 in a staggered manner in the rotational direction. The projection 28 improves the shearing action by the same action as described above, and the presence of the shelf surface 27 forms a step, and the elongated crushed material M abuts on the step to suppress the passage thereof, The movement of the crushed material M by the striker 4 is also suppressed.

In the embodiment, the radius of rotation of the outer edge of each striker 4 is the same, but as shown in FIG.
a and 4b having different rotation radii at their outer edges, if the striking elements 4a and 4b are formed with concavities and convexities in the upper surface (within the same diameter surface) of the great plate 8 having the width t opposed thereto. The operation and effect can be obtained.

Although the supply port 5 is provided on the side in the embodiment, it may be provided on the upper part of the casing 1. Further, the present invention can be applied to a so-called reversible type horizontal crusher in which the rotor 3 can rotate forward and backward.

[0036]

According to the present invention, as described above, the movement resistance of the crushed material on the grate is increased, and the phenomenon of the crushed material straddling the space on the grate is caused to occur more frequently. Therefore, the crushing efficiency can be improved.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cutaway front view of one embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of an anvil portion of the embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a great portion of the embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a plan view of the great part.

FIG. 5 is an operation explanatory view of the embodiment.

FIG. 6 is an operation explanatory view of the embodiment.

7A and 7B show another embodiment, in which FIG.
(B) is a plan view of the great part.

FIGS. 8A and 8B show a conventional example, in which FIG. 8A is a cut front view, and FIG.

FIG. 9 is a cutaway front view of a conventional example.

[Explanation of symbols]

 Reference Signs List 1 casing 2 rotating shaft 3 rotor 4 striker 5 supply port 6 chute 7 anvil 8 great 9 opening 10 recess 11 recess 11a, 18a edge 12 receiving stand 13, 13a, 13b, 13c great bar 14 horizontal bar 15 front projection 16 rear surface Projection 18, 28 Projection 20 Grating 21 Square hole (opening) 25 Top surface of grating

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A rotor 3 is provided in a casing 1 into which a crushed material M is charged.
The crushed material M is impactably crushed by the rotating striker 4 and the crushed material M is discharged from the opening 9 of the great 8 around the rotor. A horizontal crusher, wherein each striker 4 has an outer edge forming a circular locus having the same radius of rotation, and has irregularities formed on the upper surface of the great 8 in the direction of the rotation axis of the rotor 3. 2. The horizontal crusher according to claim 1, wherein the irregularities are alternately shifted in a zigzag manner in the rotation direction of the rotor.