JPH11294732A - Incinerator - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an incinerator which enables adjusting of the degree of combustion in the complete combustion, carbonization or the like of matters to be combusted. SOLUTION: A casing 3 is provided with a flue gas port 18 at an upper part thereof and an ash discharge port 14 at a lower part thereof while being provided with a burner 19 to allow dumping of a matter to be incinerated with a dumping conveyor 8, a rotating shaft 5 is mounted horizontally on the casing 3 through a bearing 4 and a combustion cylinder 11 is arranged concentric with the rotating shaft 5 to make a base end part of the combustion cylinder 11 communicate with a lower part of a hopper 8. The rotating shaft 5 is in the form of a hollow body to form a plurality of blowholes 5a in a surrounding wall surface and an air feed means 20 is provided at an end part of the rotating shaft 5 to blow air into an incinerator from the blowholes 5a.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an improvement of an incinerator capable of incinerating construction waste, cutting branches, cut grass, agricultural waste, marine waste and other various wastes using a rotary drum screen. About.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art An incinerator of this type is disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 8-128.
No. 611 has a garbage inlet at the base end of the horizontally long furnace, an outlet for separating ash and incinerated material at the lower end, and a garbage transfer means and a combustion means inside. Equipped configurations are known.

[0003]

The conventional incinerator focuses on efficient complete incineration. As a result, for example, all plant-made waste is only incinerated, and the waste is carbonized according to the intended use. Could not be burned or incinerated. The present invention has been developed in view of these circumstances, with the object of providing an incinerator in which the degree of combustion can be freely set, such as drying, carbonization, or complete incineration.

[0004]

According to the present invention, in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, according to the first aspect of the present invention, a smoke exhaust port is formed at an upper portion, and ash and unincinerated material can be separated and discharged at a lower portion. A combustion cylinder including a casing provided with an outlet, a drum screen having a rotating shaft suspended from the casing via a bearing, disposed concentrically with the rotating shaft, and having a gap for dropping ash; A burner for heating the furnace, and a charging conveyor attached below the casing and configured to transport the incinerated material to the combustion tube, wherein the charging conveyor has a transfer speed adjustable, and the rotating shaft Is formed in a hollow body to form a plurality of blast holes on a peripheral wall surface, and an air supply means is continuously provided at an end of the rotating shaft, and air is supplied from the blast holes to the furnace. Taking technical measures.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a casing having an exhaust port formed at an upper portion and an exhaust port provided at a lower portion capable of separating and discharging ash and unincinerated material, and a rotating member provided on the casing via a bearing. A drying cylinder which is horizontally concentric with the rotating shaft, is held concentrically with the rotating shaft, and is held by a casing; A charging cylinder comprising: a combustion cylinder comprising a screen; a pair of burners for heating the drying cylinder and the combustion furnace; and a charging conveyor attached below the casing and transporting the incinerated material to the drying cylinder. The transfer speed is adjustable, the rotary shaft is formed in a hollow body, a plurality of blast holes are formed in a peripheral wall surface, and an air feeding means is continuously provided at an end of the rotary shaft, and Air from the holes into the drying cylinder and combustion cylinder Care and composed, have taken the technical means that.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, the blast holes of the rotating shaft are provided at substantially equal intervals along the circumferential direction of the rotating shaft, and the blast holes at the separated positions are arranged so that the flaming directions are reversed. Arrange so that the fumaroles intersect each other,
It has taken the technical measures.

Further, according to the invention of claim 4, a combustion cylinder is provided rotatably in the first half of the rotary shaft in conjunction therewith, and a stirring and transferring means is provided rotatably in association with the base end thereof. The drying cylinder held in the casing covering the transfer means is concentrically held, and the burning object is formed so as to be able to be transported to the combustion cylinder, and the drying cylinder communicates with a conveyor for charging the burning object, Technical measures are taken such that a burner is provided at the base end of the drying cylinder.

Further, in the invention of claim 5, there is provided a technical means in which the charging conveyor is formed of a screw conveyor and is attached to the casing so as to be adjustable in the longitudinal direction.

[0009]

In the incinerator according to the present invention, the rotary shaft is formed in a hollow shape, and a fuze hole is formed on the peripheral wall surface. It can be supplied uniformly. Further, the incinerated material can be conveyed from the charging conveyor to a drying cylinder or a combustion cylinder. In the case where the combustion cylinder and the drying cylinder are arranged before and after the rotation axis, the temperature of the drying cylinder and the combustion cylinder can be changed by controlling the amount of the fumed gas, and the drying cylinder efficiently dries at a low temperature. At high temperature to efficiently incinerate as a whole, and also to carbonize by controlling the internal temperature. The one that is detachably installed at the inlet and outlet of the pipe conveyor can be made compact and mounted on a vehicle, and can be processed on site without any processing equipment.

[0010]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Preferred embodiments of the incinerator according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. The incinerator 1 shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 has a casing 3 as a cylindrical body having a regular octagonal cross section, and is set on the installation surface G with the tip 2 (right side in the figure) inclined slightly lower via the legs 2. ing. In the casing 3, lids 3b, 3b are fixed to both ends of a horizontally long tubular main body 3a, and bearings 4, 4 are disposed at the center of the lids 3b, 3b. The hollow rotary shaft 5 is provided so as to rotate by driving of driving means (not shown) such as a motor. The rotation speed of the rotating shaft 5 by this driving means may be constant, but in this embodiment, it can be adjusted by the controller C.

Further, inside the base end of the cylindrical main body 3a, a drying cylinder 7 is held at a hollow position by surrounding the hollow rotary shaft 5 and opening the distal end. A conveyor 8 fixed to the casing 3 and charged with incineration materials such as refuse is provided at a lower portion of the base end of the drying cylinder 7.
Are connected through the cylindrical main body 3a. Conveyor 8
In the case of the illustrated example, the screw conveyor 8 is provided in the cylindrical body 8a.
b, the outlet 8c on the distal end (inner end) side extends linearly, and the inlet 8d on the base end (outer end) side is bent so as to face sideways.

The conveyor 8 is disposed obliquely with respect to the center line of the casing 3 as shown in FIG. 3, and its tip position is adjusted by adjusting the mounting position with respect to the casing 3 in the longitudinal direction. Can be adjusted in the front-rear direction, so that the position can be changed to an optimum position according to the type and size of the incineration object. The conveyor 8 can adjust the transfer speed, and the controller C can adjust the transfer amount according to the incineration conditions. As described above, since the conveyor 8 is used as the charging method, the conveying speed of the conveyor 8 can be controlled, and an excessive temperature rise of the incinerator can be prevented. It is possible to achieve efficient combustion by adjusting the charging position.

Next, inside the drying cylinder 7, a stirring blade 9, which is an example of stirring means, is provided on the hollow rotary shaft 5 via a support 10. A screw blade (ribbon screw) may be wound around the stirring blade 9 to facilitate the transfer of the incineration material.

A combustion tube 11 is provided inside the tip of the casing 3.
Are fixed to the hollow rotary shaft 5 via the supports 12 so as to surround the hollow rotary shaft 5. The combustion cylinder 11 is formed of a drum screen in which a tubular grate 11b having substantially the same diameter and having a cylindrical shape is connected to a base cylinder portion 11a formed of a metal cylinder. The base tube 11a is fitted at the distal end of the drying tube 7 and is arranged at a rotatable interval.
It serves as a relay section for transferring the material to be burned transferred from the drying cylinder 7 to the grate 12b.

Next, the grate 11b is formed by arranging a plurality of linear bars extending in the front-rear direction at equal intervals in the circumferential direction, and using a long round bar to spirally surround the bar to the discharge side. And a cylindrical shape such that predetermined eye holes are formed before and after. As a result, the object to be burned in the grate 11b exerts a force in the direction of rotation due to the rotation of the grate 11b. However, since the peripheral wall of the grate 11b is formed of a spirally wound round bar, it is discharged. Guided in the direction.

The transfer of the burnable material is not limited to the above structure,
A transfer blade or other transfer means for transferring the burnable material into the grate 11b may be provided. On the outer wall surface of the grate 11b, a transfer means 13 composed of a ribbon screw for transferring the ash dropped from the eye hole of the grate 11b to the front side (discharge side) is spirally mounted.

At the bottom of the casing 3, the grate 11b
The ash outlet 14 is located at the position corresponding to the tip from the middle position
An opening 15 is formed at a position corresponding to the tip of the grate 11b, for discharging unburned materials discharged from the tip of the grate 11b. In the illustrated example, one outlet is divided into two outlets, but they may be provided separately. In the drawing, reference numeral 16 denotes a flame lid, in which a smoke collection chamber 17 is formed in the casing 3. At the top of the casing 3, near the tip of the grate 11 b, smoke collected in the smoke collection chamber 17 is formed. A smoke outlet 18 for discharging is formed.

Next, at the front end of the casing 3, an opening of a burner 19 for emitting a flame is provided below the smoke collecting chamber 17. Similarly, at the base end of the casing 3, a burner 1 that emits a flame to the base end of the drying cylinder 7.
9 (not shown) are provided. This allows
Each burner 19 can heat the drying cylinder 7 and the combustion cylinder 11, respectively. Further, the burner 19 may be operated at the same time and controlled so as to have the same heating amount.
The controller may be operated individually by the controller, and the heating amount (temperature) may be changed for heating.

Next, the hollow rotary shaft 5 has a plurality of blast holes 5a formed on the peripheral wall thereof at substantially equal intervals along the longitudinal direction, and is connected to a blower device (not shown). In the case of the illustrated example, a large number of blast holes 5a are provided at substantially equal intervals in the longitudinal direction of the rotary shaft in the elbow shape, but are provided in a pair in the diameter direction on the peripheral wall of the rotary shaft. The flammable holes 5a are displaced at 90 ° intervals along the circumferential direction. Further, the fuze holes 5a, 5a provided facing each other in the front-rear direction are arranged so that the fumarole directions are opposite to each other. This arrangement is not limited to the above-described embodiment. In other words, the fumed holes are provided at substantially equal intervals in the circumferential direction of the rotating shaft, and the fumed directions are changed in the forward / reverse direction. It is sufficient that air (oxygen) is supplied uniformly to the air.

Therefore, the front and rear fumes 5a, 5a are set so that the front and rear fumes intersect. In the figure, reference numerals 20 and 20 denote connectors for connecting an air supply hose of an air supply unit (not shown) for supplying air to the hollow rotary shaft 5 from outside. The supply of air may be constant at all times,
The degree of combustion (drying, carbonization, incineration) can be adjusted as appropriate. It is preferable that a smoke exhaust treatment device (cyclone or the like) be provided at the smoke exhaust port 18 via a smoke exhaust duct (not shown).

The operation of this embodiment having the above configuration will be described. First, the smoke collection room 1 is operated by operating the burner 19.
7 can be heated to a suitable temperature. When the burnable material is continuously charged from the charging conveyor 8 into the drying cylinder 7 fixed in the casing 3, the hollow rotary shaft 5
The agitating blade 9 that rotates in conjunction with the rotation of the blade acts as a scraping blade to agitate the object to be burned in the drying cylinder 7, is heated by the burner 19 at the base end, and is sequentially conveyed by the conveyor 8. Since the material to be burned is pushed forward by the incineration material, the material to be burned is primarily burned and dried, and is dried from the drying cylinder 7 to the combustion cylinder 11
It is pushed out to the side.

At this time, when the object to be conveyed is a viscous substance such as fresh cream, the temperature of the incinerator can be prevented from excessively rising by adjusting the conveying speed of the conveyor 8. Alternatively, depending on the type and size of the transferred object,
The front end position of the conveyor 8 can be adjusted back and forth to achieve efficient combustion. The use of a blade such as a ribbon screw facilitates the transfer of the incinerated material. Since the combustion cylinder 11 rotates in conjunction with the hollow rotary shaft 5, the burned material entering the combustion cylinder 11 burns while rolling in the combustion cylinder 11, is granulated, and has a further small particle size. Narita Grate 1
The ash that has become smaller than the eye hole 1b falls on the inner bottom wall of the casing 3. This ash is discharged from the ash outlet 1 by the conveyor 13.
It is carried to 4 and discharged.

Since the grate 11b is made of a stainless steel lead material whose peripheral wall is spirally wound toward the discharge side, if the burned material in the form of small particles is still larger in diameter than the eye hole, , And is gradually transferred to the discharge side by the rotation of the grate 11b. Those that do not fall from the eye holes of the grate 11b fall from the opening at the tip of the grate 11b and are discharged from the outlet 15. As a result, the ash can be separated and discharged from other incinerated materials.

In this case, the hollow rotary shaft 5 has a blowing hole 5a.
Has been established, oxygen can be supplied evenly and sufficiently to the rolling object to be burned even in a long and thin incinerator, and the fumarolic gas ejected from the fumarole 5a flows in front and behind the furnace. Since it crosses the direction, the hot air can be agitated, so that the combustion effect is significantly improved.

Also, a burner may be provided at the base end of the drying cylinder 7 so that the hot air in the drying cylinder 7 enhances the granulation and drying effects in the drying cylinder 7 and the base end of the furnace. And the hot air of the two burners 19 at the tip part intersect at the central part in the furnace, so that the heating effect is improved. The set temperature in the drying cylinder 7 and the combustion cylinder 11 is about 650 ° C. to 700 ° C. in the case of the present embodiment, but the combustion temperature of both burners 19 and the supply from the blowers (air supply means) at both ends of the rotary shaft 5. Each of them can be changed by controlling the air volume or the like.

A low heating temperature is suitable for drying the material to be burned. When the heating temperature is high, the material is completely burnt, and when it is at an intermediate temperature, it can be carbonized. Also, when the water content of the burnable material is high, it is necessary to reduce the rotation speed of the combustion cylinder 11 (the rotation speed of the rotating shaft 5) to prolong the residence time in the furnace. It can be adapted in each case.

For this purpose, the controller for controlling the driving means of the rotating shaft 5, the means for supplying air to the blast holes 5a, and the heating of the burner 19 may be carried out. Thereby, it is possible to control the charging speed, the transfer speed, the air supply amount, the combustion temperature, etc. of the object to be burned, and to perform the optimal combustion according to the property and the amount of the object to be burned and the intended degree of combustion. . By the above-described control, a combustion process according to the use can be performed, such as setting the degree of combustion of the burnable material to carbonization, complete combustion (ash), or stopping drying.

FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view of the incinerator 1 showing an embodiment without the drying cylinder 7. The same components as those of the above embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof is omitted. In this embodiment, stirring blades are protruded from the inner peripheral wall toward the center inside the combustion cylinder 11 serving as a screen drum on the rotating shaft. The conveyor 8 is disposed with the outlet 8c on the inner end side facing the bottom of the base end of the combustion tube 11 as shown in the figure.

Although the burner 19 is provided only on the distal end side, it can be provided on the base end portion of the casing 3 if necessary. In addition, this incinerator may be provided with legs in the front and rear, and a lifting device may be provided on one of the legs to lower, raise, or raise and lower the front, which is the discharge side (shown in the drawing). Zu).

In this embodiment configured as described above, the size of the apparatus can be reduced and the primary combustion (drying) step can be omitted to perform the combustion step.
In addition, the rotation of the combustion cylinder 11 that rotates in conjunction with the hollow rotary shaft 5 is slowed down, the object to be burned is dried in a state where the furnace temperature is low, and then the temperature is raised to a high temperature for combustion or carbonization. Alternatively, it can be operated according to the application. In this case, the front part of the casing 3 can be raised by the operation of the elevating device in order to prevent the burning object from advancing during drying.

FIGS. 5 to 7 show a car-mounted incinerator.
The same components as those of the above embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof is omitted. In this embodiment, the incinerator has outlets 14 and 1
5 has a structure substantially similar to that of the first embodiment except that the casing 3 is provided in two parts. A first pipe conveyor 24 for continuously transferring the objects to be burned is detachably connected to the inlet of the conveyor 8 so as to extend from the left outside of the vehicle. That is, a discharge port 24a is formed at the inner end side of the first pipe conveyor 24 and is disposed directly above the input port of the charging conveyor, and the discharge port 24b is disposed at the outer end side disposed on the installation surface. Are formed, and the object to be burned can be charged.

A movable screw conveyor 25 is disposed on the bed below the ash discharge port 14 so as to extend forward and backward toward the front end, and extends below the discharge port 25a to the right outside of the vehicle. Input port 2 on the inner end side of the second pipe conveyor 26
6b is provided. Reference numeral 25c denotes a driving device of the screw conveyor 25. And the second pipe conveyor 2
Reference numeral 6 denotes a discharge port 26a whose outer end rises obliquely. An inlet 27b at the inner end of a third pipe conveyor 27 extending rightward and outward of the vehicle is provided below the outlet 15. The third pipe conveyor 27 extends in parallel with the second pipe conveyor 26, and its outer end rises obliquely to form a discharge port 27a. Thereby, the second pipe conveyor 26 and the third pipe conveyor 27
Can be separated into two storage boxes 28a and 28b, and ash and unburned or dried materials can be transported. Symbols 24c and 26
Reference numerals c and 27c denote motors shown as an example of a driving device for driving a sprocket for pulling an endless chain.

The first to third pipe conveyors 24, 2
Reference numerals 6 and 27 denote meandering pipes formed by connecting straight pipes and curved pipes (U-shaped pipes or L-shaped pipes) in the illustrated example.
It has a well-known configuration in which an endless link chain which is pulled by a sprocket driven by c, 26c, and 27c and circulates in a pipeline incorporates conveyance means in which ends of blades are fixed at equal intervals. This can be disassembled, removed and mounted on a vehicle body, and assembled and used on site.

Second and third pipe conveyors 26, 27
At the lower part of the discharge ports 26a and 27a,
a and 28b are arranged and collected. At the front of the casing 3, a cyclone device 29 for smoke exhaust treatment is detachably provided. A filtering device 30 is provided below the cyclone device 29. A duct 29 a extending from the cyclone device 29 is connected to the smoke outlet 18 and the heat-resistant blower 31, although not shown in the figure.

In this embodiment, the truck 23 is formed to have a compact size that can be accommodated in the length of the bed of the truck 23 (for example, 6600 mm). it can. Therefore,
For example, it is possible to easily and efficiently incinerate garbage and the like without patrol of various facilities, for example, without constructing incineration facilities. In addition, a cyclone device 29 for flue gas treatment,
By mounting the filtering device 30, pollution such as smoke damage and bad smell does not occur, and it can be treated on site, which is effective for environmental conservation. In the above embodiment, an example was shown in which a pipe conveyor was used to transport burnables, ash, and incinerated materials, but in this case, the configuration of the pipe conveyor is not particularly limited. Further, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment,
Of course, various design changes can be made.

[0036]

According to the combustion furnace of the present invention, a rotary drum screen is used, the rotary shaft is hollow, and a blast hole is opened in the peripheral wall surface. Because it is configured to send air
Combustion can be controlled by supplying air (oxygen) evenly into the furnace and adjusting the amount of air supply. In addition, since the feeding conveyor is used, the feeding speed can be adjusted, and an appropriate amount can be continuously fed. Also, the loading position can be adjusted by changing the mounting position on the casing back and forth. Further, in a structure in which a burner and a drying cylinder are provided at the base end of the rotating shaft, the material to be burned is primarily burned in the drying cylinder, and then granulated by a drum screen to be carbonized or incinerated. . Further, the inside of the furnace can be rapidly cooled by air supply. Thereby, the respective temperatures of the drying cylinder and the combustion cylinder can be controlled to a temperature suitable for drying (low temperature), a temperature suitable for incineration (high temperature), or a temperature suitable for carbonizing (medium temperature). A pipe conveyor is detachably attached to the input port at the outer end of the input conveyor, a cyclone device and a filter device are detachably installed in the smoke exhaust port, and a collection means is detachably installed in the exhaust port. Since it can also be installed, it can be formed in a compact vehicle-mounted type, and it is possible to go to the site and quickly incinerate garbage and waste without polluting the environment there.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of an incinerator according to a first embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view of a drying cylinder according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a plan view of a charging conveyor.

FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an incinerator according to a second embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a side view showing a vehicle-mounted incinerator according to a third embodiment.

FIG. 6 is a plan view of the same.

FIG. 7 is a rear view of the same.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Incinerator 3 Casing 5 Hollow rotating shaft 5a Blow hole 6 Driving means 7 Drying cylinder 8 Charging conveyor 9 Screw vane 11 Combustion cylinder 11b Grate 13 Conveyor 14 Ash discharge port 15 Discharge port 17 Smoke collection room 18 Smoke discharge port 19 Burner DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 21 Elevating means 22 Mount 23 Track 24 Pipe conveyor 25 Screw conveyor 26, 27 Pipe conveyor 29 Cyclone device 30 Filtration device 31 Heat resistant blower

Claims (7)

[Claims] 1. A casing having a smoke exhaust port formed at an upper part thereof and a discharge port capable of separating ash and unincinerated matter at a lower part thereof, and a rotating shaft being transversely mounted on the casing via a bearing. A combustion cylinder comprising a drum screen disposed concentrically on the rotating shaft and having a gap for dropping ash, a burner for heating the combustion furnace, and an incinerator mounted below the casing to incinerate the combustion cylinder to the combustion cylinder The charging conveyor comprises a feeding conveyor, the feeding speed of which is adjustable. The rotating shaft is formed in a hollow body, and a plurality of blast holes are formed in a peripheral wall surface. An incinerator characterized in that an air supply means is connected to the portion and air is supplied into the furnace from the fuze holes. 2. A casing having a smoke exhaust port formed at an upper portion thereof and a discharge port provided at a lower portion capable of separating and discharging ash and incombustibles; A drying cylinder concentrically disposed on the rotating shaft and held by a casing; a combustion cylinder comprising a drum screen having a gap that is attached to the rotating shaft on the extension of the drying cylinder so as to be interlocked therewith and that allows ash to fall, A pair of burners for heating the drying cylinder and the combustion furnace; and a charging conveyor attached below the casing and configured to transport the incinerated material to the drying cylinder, wherein the charging conveyor has an adjustable transport speed. The rotary shaft is formed in a hollow body to form a plurality of fuze holes on a peripheral wall surface, and an end of the rotary shaft is provided with an air supply means, and a drying tube and a combustion tube are provided from the fuze holes. It is characterized by sending air inside And incinerator. 3. The fumaroles of the rotary shaft are provided at substantially equal intervals along the circumferential direction of the rotary shaft, and the fumaroles at distant positions are arranged so that the fumarole directions are opposite to each other. The incinerator according to claim 1, wherein the incinerator is arranged so as to perform the incineration. 4. A combustion cylinder is provided rotatably in conjunction with the first half of the rotary shaft, and a stirring transfer means is provided rotatably in conjunction with a base end thereof. The held drying cylinder is held concentrically so that the burnable material can be transferred to the combustion cylinder.The drying cylinder is connected to a conveyor for charging the burnable material, and the drying cylinder is connected to the base end of the drying cylinder. The incinerator according to claim 1, further comprising a burner. 5. The incinerator according to claim 1, wherein the charging conveyor is a screw conveyor, and is attached to the casing so as to be adjustable in a longitudinal direction. 6. The casing is configured to be mounted on a vehicle via a frame, and a pipe conveyor extending to the left and right sides of the vehicle is detachably attached to an input port, an ash discharge port, and a discharge port of the charging conveyor, respectively. 4. The incinerator according to claim 1, wherein the incinerator is provided. 7. The casing according to claim 1, wherein the casing is provided with an elevating means on a leg, and a height of the front portion can be adjusted in an axial direction of the combustion cylinder. Incinerator.