JPH11290297A - Blood sampling tube - Google Patents
Blood sampling tubeInfo
- Publication number
- JPH11290297A JPH11290297A JP10095718A JP9571898A JPH11290297A JP H11290297 A JPH11290297 A JP H11290297A JP 10095718 A JP10095718 A JP 10095718A JP 9571898 A JP9571898 A JP 9571898A JP H11290297 A JPH11290297 A JP H11290297A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- tube
- blood
- upstream
- downstream
- pipe
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000010241 blood sampling Methods 0.000 title 1
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 125
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 124
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 111
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 20
- 210000000601 blood cell Anatomy 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 17
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 210000002381 plasma Anatomy 0.000 description 20
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000012510 hollow fiber Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000006837 decompression Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 3
- 210000004204 blood vessel Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000036772 blood pressure Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920006317 cationic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000003743 erythrocyte Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002808 molecular sieve Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium aluminosilicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009870 specific binding Effects 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Investigating Or Analysing Biological Materials (AREA)
- Measurement Of The Respiration, Hearing Ability, Form, And Blood Characteristics Of Living Organisms (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、採取した血液を簡
便に分離するための採血管に関するものである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a blood collection tube for easily separating collected blood.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】従来、血液の採取及び分離は、まず注射
器等で血管内から血液を吸引し、この血液を専用の試験
管に入れた後、この試験管を遠心分離器に装填し、当該
遠心分離器を駆動することにより、比重差を利用して血
液を血球成分と血漿成分とに分離するといったことが行
われていた。しかし、前記遠心分離器は大がかりで高価
であり、また、採血を始めてから分離が終了するまでに
多大の時間と手間を要する不都合がある。2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, blood is collected and separated by first aspirating blood from the inside of a blood vessel with a syringe or the like, placing the blood in a dedicated test tube, and loading the test tube into a centrifuge. By driving a centrifugal separator, blood has been separated into a blood cell component and a plasma component using a specific gravity difference. However, the centrifugal separator is bulky and expensive, and requires a great deal of time and labor from the start of blood collection to the end of separation.
【０００３】そこで近年は、採血したその場で血液の分
離ができる採血管の開発が進められている。例えば実用
新案掲載公報第２５２６８８９号には、本体管内に仕切
り壁を設けて当該管内を上流室と下流室とに区画し、前
記仕切り壁にＵ字状の多孔質中空糸膜の両端を固定して
当該両端を上流室側に開口させ、かつ、本体管内を真空
状態にしたものが開示されている。この管において、採
血針を通じて上流室内に血液を導入すると、この血液の
導入分だけ上流室内の圧力が上昇し、下流室内との間に
圧力差が生じる。この圧力差により、血液は中空糸膜内
にその両端開口から進入するが、この中空糸膜を通過で
きるのは血液中の血漿成分のみであるため、当該中空糸
膜を境にして血液が上流室側の血球成分と下流室側の血
漿成分との分離されることになる。[0003] In recent years, therefore, the development of blood collection tubes capable of separating blood at the site where the blood was collected has been promoted. For example, Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 2526889 discloses that a partition wall is provided in a main body pipe, the inside of the pipe is divided into an upstream chamber and a downstream chamber, and both ends of a U-shaped porous hollow fiber membrane are fixed to the partition wall. In this case, both ends are opened to the upstream chamber side, and the inside of the main body tube is evacuated. When blood is introduced into the upstream chamber through the blood collection needle in this tube, the pressure in the upstream chamber increases by the amount of the blood introduced, and a pressure difference is generated between the upstream chamber and the downstream chamber. Due to this pressure difference, blood enters the hollow fiber membrane through the openings at both ends, but only plasma components in the blood can pass through the hollow fiber membrane. The blood cell component on the chamber side and the plasma component on the downstream chamber side are separated.
【０００４】[0004]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】前記採血管には、次の
ような解決すべき課題がある。The blood collection tube has the following problems to be solved.
【０００５】１）この採血管を製造するには、多数本の
Ｕ字状中空糸膜を仕切り壁に固定し、かつ、この仕切り
壁を本体管内の所定位置に固定する作業が必要である。
これらの作業は多大の手間を要するものであり、コスト
高は免れ得ない。1) In order to manufacture this blood collection tube, it is necessary to fix a large number of U-shaped hollow fiber membranes to a partition wall and to fix the partition wall at a predetermined position in the main body tube.
These operations require a great deal of trouble, and high costs cannot be avoided.
【０００６】２）下流室に流入した血漿成分を検査する
ためには、まず当該下流室から別の器具（例えば注射
器）で血漿成分を吸引し、別の容器（例えば試験管）に
入れる必要がある。従って、血液の分離ができたとして
も、その後の血漿採取に時間がかかってしまう不都合が
ある。[0006] 2) In order to examine the plasma component flowing into the downstream chamber, it is necessary to first suck the plasma component from the downstream chamber with another device (eg, a syringe) and put it into another container (eg, a test tube). is there. Therefore, even if blood can be separated, there is an inconvenience that it takes a long time to collect plasma thereafter.
【０００７】３）多数本の中空糸膜を用いるといえど
も、当該膜が糸状であるため、表面積は限られており、
その分、分離に時間がかかることになる。また、中空糸
内で目づまりを起こしやすい。[0007] 3) Although a large number of hollow fiber membranes are used, the surface area is limited because the membrane is in the form of a thread.
To that extent, the separation takes time. Also, clogging is likely to occur in the hollow fiber.
【０００８】４）前記採血管では、上流室内へ血液が導
入されることにより生じる圧力差を利用して、血漿成分
を中空糸膜に透過させるようにしているが、実際に中空
糸膜に血漿成分を透過させるためには比較的大きな圧力
差が必要であり、前記血液導入による圧力差だけでは不
十分となるおそれがある。[0010] 4) In the blood collection tube, the blood pressure is caused by the introduction of blood into the upstream chamber, and the plasma component is transmitted through the hollow fiber membrane. A relatively large pressure difference is required to allow the components to permeate, and the pressure difference due to the blood introduction alone may not be sufficient.
【０００９】本発明は、このような事情に鑑み、簡単な
構造で、採血した血液を迅速に分離でき、しかも分離後
の血漿成分の取扱いが容易な採血管を提供することを目
的とする。In view of such circumstances, it is an object of the present invention to provide a blood collection tube that has a simple structure, allows blood to be rapidly separated, and allows easy handling of plasma components after separation.
【００１０】[0010]
【課題を解決するための手段】前記課題を解決するため
の手段として、本発明は、血液出口を有し、採取した血
液が内部に導入される上流管と、この上流管の血液出口
を塞ぐように配設され、流通する血液を血球成分と血漿
成分とに分離するフィルタと、一端側に開口し、この開
口から前記上流管の血液出口を含む部分が管長手方向に
挿入される下流管とを備えるとともに、前記上流管の血
液出口よりも上流側の部分に、前記下流管内面に接触す
ることにより下流管内空間を密閉しながら当該下流管内
面上を管長手方向に摺動するシール部を設け、前記下流
管から前記上流管が抜ける方向に両管が相対移動するこ
とにより前記下流管内空間の圧力が降下し、その負圧で
前記上流管内の血漿成分が前記フィルタを透過して前記
下流管内空間に導入されるようにしたものである。According to the present invention, there is provided an upstream tube having a blood outlet, into which collected blood is introduced, and closing the blood outlet of the upstream tube. And a filter that separates flowing blood into a blood cell component and a plasma component, and a downstream tube that is opened at one end and a portion including the blood outlet of the upstream tube is inserted from the opening in the longitudinal direction of the tube. And a seal portion that slides on the inner surface of the downstream tube in the longitudinal direction of the tube while sealing the space inside the downstream tube by contacting the inner surface of the downstream tube at a portion upstream of the blood outlet of the upstream tube. The pressure of the space in the downstream pipe is reduced by relative movement of the two pipes in the direction in which the upstream pipe comes off from the downstream pipe, and the plasma component in the upstream pipe permeates the filter by the negative pressure and passes through the filter. Lead to downstream pipe space It is obtained as is.
【００１１】この採血管によれば、例えば次の要領で血
液の採取及び分離を効率良く行うことができる。According to this blood collection tube, blood can be collected and separated efficiently, for example, in the following manner.
【００１２】 上流管の血液入口に栓をすることによ
り、この上流管内さらには下流管内を密閉し、さらに両
管内のエアを吸引して減圧する。この減圧は採血管流通
前の段階で行うようにしてもよい。すなわち、メーカー
側で管内を減圧しておいてから当該採血管の提供を行う
ようにしてもよい。また、人体からの血液採取作業を注
射器等の別の器具を用いて行い、この採取した血液を上
流管内に入れるようにしてもよく、この場合には特に減
圧の必要はない。By plugging the blood inlet of the upstream tube, the inside of the upstream tube and the downstream tube are sealed, and the air in both tubes is sucked to reduce the pressure. This decompression may be performed at a stage before blood collection tube distribution. In other words, the blood collection tube may be provided after the manufacturer reduces the pressure in the tube. In addition, the work of collecting blood from the human body may be performed using another device such as a syringe, and the collected blood may be put into the upstream pipe. In this case, there is no particular need to reduce the pressure.
【００１３】 上流管内に血液が入った状態で、下流
管を上流管から引き抜く方向に両管を長手方向に相対移
動させる。これにより、上流管側のシール部により密閉
された下流管内空間の容積が当該密閉状態のまま増大す
るため、当該下流側管内空間の圧力が上流管内圧力より
も下がり、この圧力差によって上流管内の血液は血液出
口を通じて下流管内に流れ込もうとする。しかし、この
血液出口にはフィルタが配設されており、このフィルタ
を通過するのは血漿成分のみであるため、当該血漿成分
が血球成分と分離されて下流管内に流れ込む。従って、
採血作業と同時に血液の分離が進行することになる。[0013] With blood in the upstream tube, the two tubes are relatively moved in the longitudinal direction in a direction to pull out the downstream tube from the upstream tube. This increases the volume of the downstream pipe space sealed by the upstream pipe side seal portion in the sealed state, so that the pressure in the downstream pipe space falls below the upstream pipe pressure, and this pressure difference causes the pressure in the upstream pipe to decrease. Blood attempts to flow into the downstream tube through the blood outlet. However, a filter is provided at the blood outlet, and since only the plasma component passes through the filter, the plasma component is separated from the blood cell component and flows into the downstream pipe. Therefore,
Separation of blood proceeds simultaneously with the blood collection operation.
【００１４】なお、本発明は、血液をきわめて厳密に血
球成分と血漿成分とに分離するものでなくてもよく、血
球成分の中でも径の小さいごく一部の成分（例えば血小
板）のフィルタ通過を許容するものも含まれるものとす
る。In the present invention, it is not necessary to separate blood into blood cell components and plasma components very strictly, and only a small part of blood cell components (for example, platelets) passing through a filter is required. Those that are permitted shall be included.
【００１５】 分離完了後、下流管から上流管を抜き
取る。このとき、下流管内には血漿成分のみが採取され
ているので、この下流管をそのまま試験管として検査に
供することができる。After the separation is completed, the upstream pipe is withdrawn from the downstream pipe. At this time, since only the plasma component is collected in the downstream tube, this downstream tube can be used as it is as a test tube for inspection.
【００１６】この採血管は、上流管に血液出口を設け、
これを塞ぐようにフィルタを配するものであるので、血
液出口の形状設定により、フィルタを血液が流通する面
積を大きく確保でき、その分、分離に要する時間を短縮
できる。例えば、前記下流管の端部周壁に血液出口を設
け、あるいは端部周壁と端壁とに血液出口を設ければ、
管端壁のみにフィルタを設ける場合よりも大きな血液出
口面積を確保できる。さらに、上流管の端部周壁に複数
の血液出口を並設し、これらの血液出口を塞ぐようにフ
ィルタを筒状に配設すれば、血液出口の個数を増やして
面積増大を図りながら、これら血液出口を筒状フィルタ
によって効率良く塞ぐことができる。また、フィルタと
上流管とを一体にモールドすることも可能である。In this blood collection tube, a blood outlet is provided in the upstream tube,
Since the filter is arranged so as to close the filter, a large area for blood to flow through the filter can be secured by setting the shape of the blood outlet, and the time required for separation can be shortened accordingly. For example, if a blood outlet is provided at the end peripheral wall of the downstream pipe, or a blood outlet is provided at the end peripheral wall and the end wall,
A larger blood outlet area can be secured than when a filter is provided only on the tube end wall. Furthermore, a plurality of blood outlets are arranged side by side on the peripheral wall at the end of the upstream pipe, and if a filter is arranged in a cylindrical shape so as to close these blood outlets, the number of blood outlets can be increased to increase the area while increasing the number of blood outlets. The blood outlet can be efficiently closed by the cylindrical filter. Further, the filter and the upstream pipe can be integrally molded.
【００１７】前記下流管を引き抜き操作すると、そのス
トロークが大きくなるにつれて下流管内の減圧度合いが
高まるため、操作抵抗は次第に高まる。従って、血液分
離のために下流管内空間を減圧させる位置に上流管を保
持するには、かなりの力が必要である。ここで、当該位
置に上流管を保持する保持部材を備えることにより、使
用者の負担を大幅に軽減することができる。When the downstream pipe is pulled out, the degree of pressure reduction in the downstream pipe increases as the stroke increases, so that the operation resistance gradually increases. Therefore, considerable force is required to hold the upstream tube in a position where the downstream tube space is depressurized for blood separation. Here, by providing a holding member for holding the upstream pipe at the position, the burden on the user can be significantly reduced.
【００１８】具体的には、前記上流管の下流管への挿入
端部と反対側の端部に径方向に突出する突出部を設ける
とともに、自然状態で前記下流管の内径よりも大きな外
径を有し、かつ、当該外径が下流管内径以下となるまで
縮径方向に弾性変形可能な拡縮径部材を前記上流管の周
囲に装着し、この拡縮径部材が上流管とともに下流管内
に挿入された状態から当該拡縮径部材が上流管外に脱出
するまで上流管を引き抜き方向に移動させることによ
り、当該拡縮径部材が拡径して前記突出部と下流管の開
口端との間に介在するようにしたものが好ましい。この
構成によれば、上流管の引き抜き操作を行う前には、当
該上流管とともに拡縮径部材（すなわち保持部材）が下
流管内に収容されているため、拡縮径部材を紛失する心
配がない。しかも、この状態から引き抜き操作を行って
拡縮径部材を下流管から脱出させると、当該拡縮径部材
がその弾性復帰力により拡径して突出部と下流管端との
間に介在するため、上流管は自動的に引き抜き操作後の
位置に保持されることになる。More specifically, a projection is provided at an end of the upstream pipe opposite to the insertion end of the downstream pipe so as to protrude in a radial direction, and an outer diameter larger than the inner diameter of the downstream pipe in a natural state. And an expansion / contraction member capable of being elastically deformed in the diameter reduction direction is attached around the upstream pipe until the outer diameter becomes equal to or less than the inner diameter of the downstream pipe, and the expansion / contraction member is inserted into the downstream pipe together with the upstream pipe. By moving the upstream pipe in the withdrawal direction until the expanded / reduced diameter member escapes from the upstream pipe, the expanded / reduced diameter member is expanded and interposed between the protruding portion and the open end of the downstream pipe. It is preferable to use such a method. According to this configuration, before performing the operation of pulling out the upstream pipe, the enlarged / reduced diameter member (that is, the holding member) is housed in the downstream pipe together with the upstream pipe, so there is no risk of losing the enlarged / reduced diameter member. Further, when the pull-out operation is performed from this state to cause the enlarged / reduced diameter member to escape from the downstream pipe, the diameter of the enlarged / reduced diameter member is increased by its elastic return force and interposed between the projecting portion and the downstream pipe end. The tube will automatically be held in the position after the withdrawal operation.
【００１９】ここで、前記上流管の血液入口に密閉用の
栓を装着する場合には、この栓をそのまま前記上流管の
突出部として利用することが可能である。Here, when a sealing plug is attached to the blood inlet of the upstream pipe, this plug can be used as it is as a protrusion of the upstream pipe.
【００２０】[0020]
【発明の実施の形態】本発明の第１の実施の形態を図１
〜図４に基づいて説明する。FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment of the present invention.
This will be described with reference to FIG.
【００２１】図示の採血管は、上流管１０及び下流管１
２を備えている。下流管１２は上方にのみ開口する試験
管状をなし、その内側に上流管１０が挿入可能となって
いる。The illustrated blood collection tube includes an upstream pipe 10 and a downstream pipe 1.
2 is provided. The downstream pipe 12 has a test tube that opens only upward, and the upstream pipe 10 can be inserted inside the test pipe.
【００２２】上流管１０は、その上端が開口し、これが
血液入口とされている。この上端開口にはゴム等の弾性
部材からなる栓１８が装着され、この栓１８により血液
入口である上端開口が塞がれている。詳しくは、前記栓
１８の下面に周溝１８ａが形成され、この周溝１８ａに
前記血液入口周縁部（すなわち上流管１０の上端部）が
圧入されることにより、栓１８が上流管１０に嵌着され
ている。また、周溝１８ａのすぐ外側には、これとつな
がる周溝１８ｂが形成されている。The upper end of the upstream pipe 10 is open and serves as a blood inlet. A stopper 18 made of an elastic member such as rubber is attached to the upper end opening, and the upper end opening which is a blood inlet is closed by the stopper 18. Specifically, a peripheral groove 18a is formed on the lower surface of the plug 18, and the peripheral edge of the blood inlet (that is, the upper end of the upstream pipe 10) is press-fitted into the peripheral groove 18a, so that the plug 18 fits into the upstream pipe 10. Is being worn. A peripheral groove 18b connected to the peripheral groove 18a is formed immediately outside the peripheral groove 18a.
【００２３】図２（ａ）（ｂ）に示すように、上流管１
０の下部は、外壁１５及び内壁１６を有する二重構造と
なっている。外壁１５は、その終端（下端）が完全に塞
がり、周壁は、管長手方向と周方向とに交叉する格子状
となっている。換言すれば、この周壁に管長手方向及び
周方向に並ぶ複数の血液出口１４が形成されている。内
壁１６は、管長手方向にのみ延び、当該長手方向の外壁
格子部分と完全にラップしている。そして、これら外壁
１５と内壁１６との間にフィルタ２０が挟み込まれてい
る。このフィルタ２０は、全血液出口１４を塞ぐように
筒状に配されている。As shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B, the upstream pipe 1
The lower part of 0 has a double structure having an outer wall 15 and an inner wall 16. The end (lower end) of the outer wall 15 is completely closed, and the peripheral wall has a lattice shape intersecting in the longitudinal direction of the tube and the peripheral direction. In other words, a plurality of blood outlets 14 are formed in the peripheral wall in the longitudinal and circumferential directions of the tube. The inner wall 16 extends only in the longitudinal direction of the tube and completely wraps with the longitudinal outer wall grid portion. The filter 20 is sandwiched between the outer wall 15 and the inner wall 16. The filter 20 is arranged in a tubular shape so as to close the whole blood outlet 14.
【００２４】このフィルタ２０は、血液を概ね血球成分
と血漿成分とに分離できるものであればよく、ごく一部
の血球成分（例えば血小板等の比較的小径の血球成分）
を許容するものであってもよい。The filter 20 only needs to be capable of separating blood into a blood cell component and a blood plasma component, and only a small part of the blood cell component (for example, a relatively small diameter blood cell component such as platelets).
May be allowed.
【００２５】具体例としては、一般的なろ過膜（メンブ
レンフィルタ）を用い、その分子ふるいの機能を利用し
て血球を捕捉するようにしてもよいし、ガラス繊維を用
いて血球を吸着するようにしてもよい。また、孔径の大
きい通常のろ紙であっても、これに抗血球抗体を含有さ
せ、当該抗体と血球との特異結合を利用することによ
り、血球成分の捕捉が可能である。さらに、フィルタに
カチオン性高分子を含有させ、表面がマイナスに帯電し
た血球成分（特に赤血球）を静電力で凝集して巨大化さ
せるようにすれば、より効率の高い分離ができる。As a specific example, a general filtration membrane (membrane filter) may be used to capture blood cells by using the function of a molecular sieve, or a glass fiber may be used to adsorb blood cells. It may be. Further, even with ordinary filter paper having a large pore size, it is possible to capture blood cell components by incorporating an anti-blood cell antibody into the filter paper and utilizing specific binding between the antibody and blood cells. Further, if a cationic polymer is contained in the filter and blood cell components (especially red blood cells) whose surface is negatively charged are aggregated by an electrostatic force to make them giant, separation with higher efficiency can be achieved.
【００２６】また、上流側から下流側（図例では上から
下）に向かうに従って孔径が小さくなるように複数種の
多孔質体を積層したものを用いれば、血球の目づまりを
確実に防いでより効率の高い分離が可能となる。このよ
うな積層構造を形成する場合、互いに孔径の異なる複数
の多孔質層を単に重ね合わせるだけでもよいし、予めラ
ミネート処理して一体化してもよい。実際に、平均孔径
が 0.5〜3.0μｍ，3.0〜8.0μｍ，8.0〜30μｍの３層の
多孔質膜を積層したものを用いたところ、目づまりを起
こすことなく良好な血液分離ができることが確認されて
いる。When a plurality of types of porous bodies are laminated so that the pore diameter decreases from the upstream side to the downstream side (from the top to the bottom in the figure), clogging of blood cells can be reliably prevented. Highly efficient separation becomes possible. In the case of forming such a laminated structure, a plurality of porous layers having different pore diameters may be simply overlapped with each other, or may be previously laminated and integrated. Actually, when a three-layer porous membrane having an average pore size of 0.5 to 3.0 μm, 3.0 to 8.0 μm, and 8.0 to 30 μm was used, it was confirmed that good blood separation was possible without clogging. I have.
【００２７】上流管１０において、前記血液出口１４の
直上方の部分には周溝２１が形成され、この周溝２１に
リング状のシール部材２２が外嵌、固定されている。こ
のシール部材２２は、ゴム等のようにシール性の高い材
料からなり、下流管１２の内径よりも僅かに大きい外径
を有している。そして、この下流管１２内に上流管１０
の血液出口側端部（図では下端部）が挿入された状態
で、前記シール部材２２が下流管１２の内周面と摺接
し、これにより当該シール部材２２よりも下方の下流管
内空間１３が密閉されるようになっている。In the upstream pipe 10, a peripheral groove 21 is formed just above the blood outlet 14, and a ring-shaped sealing member 22 is fitted and fixed in the peripheral groove 21. The seal member 22 is made of a material having a high sealing property, such as rubber, and has an outer diameter slightly larger than the inner diameter of the downstream pipe 12. And, in the downstream pipe 12, the upstream pipe 10
With the blood outlet side end portion (lower end portion in the figure) of the seal member 22 inserted, the seal member 22 comes into sliding contact with the inner peripheral surface of the downstream pipe 12, whereby the downstream pipe inner space 13 below the seal member 22 is formed. It is designed to be sealed.
【００２８】なお、本発明におけるシール部は、上流管
１０と一体に形成されたものであってもよい。The seal portion in the present invention may be formed integrally with the upstream pipe 10.
【００２９】さらに、この採血管は、上流管１０の周囲
に被着される拡縮径部材２４を備えている。この拡縮径
部材２４は、金属薄板等により略Ｃ字状の断面を有する
形状に形成されており、外力を受けない自然状態では下
流管１２の内径よりも大きい外径を有する一方、この外
径が下流管１２の内径以下となるまで弾性変形可能とな
っている。そして、前記上流管１０の中腹位置（血液出
口１４よりも上方の位置）に形成されたリング状の突出
部１１の上方で当該上流管１０の周囲に被着されてい
る。Further, the blood collection tube has an enlarged / reduced diameter member 24 attached around the upstream pipe 10. The expansion / contraction member 24 is formed of a thin metal plate or the like into a shape having a substantially C-shaped cross section, and has an outer diameter larger than the inner diameter of the downstream pipe 12 in a natural state where no external force is applied. Can be elastically deformed until it becomes smaller than the inner diameter of the downstream pipe 12. And, it is attached to the periphery of the upstream pipe 10 above the ring-shaped projection 11 formed at the middle position of the upstream pipe 10 (the position above the blood outlet 14).
【００３０】次に、この実施の形態に係る採血管の使用
要領及び作用を説明する。Next, the procedure and operation of the blood collection tube according to this embodiment will be described.
【００３１】まず、上流管１０の周囲に被着された拡縮
径部材２４を縮径方向に弾性変形させながら、これら上
流管１０及び拡縮径部材２４を下流管１２内に図１
（ａ）に示す位置（すなわち下流管１２の開口端及び拡
縮径部材２４の上端が栓１８の周溝１８ｂ内に嵌入され
る位置）まで深く挿入する（図４（ａ））。この状態
で、栓１８に吸引管を突き刺して上流管１０内に臨ま
せ、この上流管１０さらには下流管１２内のエアを吸引
することにより、両管１０，１２内を減圧する。その真
空度は、採血管の仕様に応じて適宜設定すればよい。ま
た、この減圧を採血管流通前の段階でメーカー側で行
い、減圧が完了した状態で提供を行うようにしてもよ
い。First, while the expanding / reducing member 24 attached to the periphery of the upstream pipe 10 is elastically deformed in the reducing direction, the upstream pipe 10 and the expanding / reducing member 24 are placed in the downstream pipe 12 as shown in FIG.
Insert deeply into the position shown in FIG. 4A (that is, the position where the open end of the downstream pipe 12 and the upper end of the expanding / reducing member 24 are fitted into the peripheral groove 18b of the plug 18) (FIG. 4A). In this state, the suction tube is pierced into the stopper 18 to reach the inside of the upstream tube 10, and the air in the upstream tube 10 and the downstream tube 12 is sucked to reduce the pressure in both the tubes 10 and 12. The degree of vacuum may be appropriately set according to the specifications of the blood collection tube. Alternatively, the decompression may be performed by the manufacturer before distribution of the blood collection tube, and the supply may be performed after the decompression is completed.
【００３２】次に、被検者の血管に図１（ａ）に二点鎖
線で示す採血用針Ｎの一端（図では上端）を突き刺し、
他端（同図下端）を栓１８に突き刺し、この栓１８を貫
通させる。これにより、血管内の血液は、上流管１０内
の負圧の作用で自動的に上流管１０内に流れ込み、この
血液の導入分だけ上流管１０内の圧力が下流管１２内の
圧力よりも高くなる。すなわち、両管１０，１２内に圧
力差が生じる。Next, one end (the upper end in the figure) of the blood collection needle N shown by a two-dot chain line in FIG.
The other end (the lower end in the figure) is pierced into the stopper 18 and the stopper 18 is penetrated. Thereby, the blood in the blood vessel automatically flows into the upstream pipe 10 by the action of the negative pressure in the upstream pipe 10, and the pressure in the upstream pipe 10 becomes higher than the pressure in the downstream pipe 12 by the amount of the blood introduced. Get higher. That is, a pressure difference occurs between the two tubes 10 and 12.
【００３３】さらに、この状態から栓１８及び下流管１
２を把持し、下流管１２から上流管１０を引き抜く方向
に操作すると、シール部材２２により密閉された下流管
内空間（すなわちシール部材２２よりも下方の空間）１
３が当該密閉状態のまま容積増大するので、その分下流
管内空間１３の内圧がさらに降下し、管１０，１２内の
圧力差が次第に広がる。そして、突出部１１に引掛かる
ようにして上流管１０とともに下流管１２から引き出さ
れる拡縮径部材２４が当該下流管１２より完全に脱出す
ると、この拡縮径部材２４がその弾性復帰力により拡径
して下流管１２の開口端（上端）と栓１８との間に介在
する状態となり（図１（ｂ）及び図４（ｂ）参照）、こ
の拡縮径部材２４の存在によって上流管１０が引き抜き
位置に自動的に保持される。Further, from this state, the stopper 18 and the downstream pipe 1
When the user grips 2 and operates in a direction in which the upstream pipe 10 is pulled out from the downstream pipe 12, the space inside the downstream pipe sealed by the seal member 22 (that is, the space below the seal member 22) 1
Since the volume of the tube 3 is increased in the closed state, the internal pressure of the downstream tube internal space 13 further decreases, and the pressure difference between the tubes 10 and 12 gradually increases. When the enlarged / reduced diameter member 24 pulled out of the downstream pipe 12 together with the upstream pipe 10 so as to be hooked on the protruding portion 11 completely escapes from the downstream pipe 12, the enlarged / reduced diameter member 24 is expanded by its elastic return force. As a result, the upstream pipe 10 is interposed between the open end (upper end) of the downstream pipe 12 and the plug 18 (see FIGS. 1B and 4B). Is automatically retained.
【００３４】このとき、前記管１０，１２の圧力差によ
り、上流管１０内の血液は血液出口１８を通じて下流管
１２内に流れ込もうとするが、この血液出口１８にはこ
れを塞ぐようにフィルタ２０が配設されているため、血
液中の血球成分は流通が阻止され、血漿成分のみがフィ
ルタ２０を通過して下流管１２内に流入する。従って、
上流管１０内に採血した後、容器を移しかえることなく
直ちに血液の分離を始めることができる。しかも、この
フィルタ２０を血液が通過する面積は、例えば従来の中
空糸膜を用いたものに比べて大きいので、より迅速な分
離ができる。At this time, due to the pressure difference between the pipes 10 and 12, the blood in the upstream pipe 10 tries to flow into the downstream pipe 12 through the blood outlet 18, and the blood outlet 18 is made to close the blood. Since the filter 20 is provided, the blood cell component in the blood is blocked from flowing, and only the plasma component flows through the filter 20 into the downstream pipe 12. Therefore,
After the blood is collected in the upstream pipe 10, the blood separation can be started immediately without changing the container. In addition, the area through which the blood passes through the filter 20 is larger than, for example, those using a conventional hollow fiber membrane, so that more rapid separation can be performed.
【００３５】そして、下流管１２内への血漿成分の回収
が完了した後は、この下流管１２から上流管１０を引き
抜くだけでよい。この下流管１２内には血漿成分のみが
採取されているので、この下流管１２をそのまま試験管
として検査に利用することができる。After the collection of the plasma components into the downstream pipe 12 is completed, it is only necessary to pull out the upstream pipe 10 from the downstream pipe 12. Since only the plasma component is collected in the downstream tube 12, the downstream tube 12 can be used as it is as a test tube for inspection.
【００３６】第２の実施の形態を図５（ａ）（ｂ）に示
す。この実施の形態では、上流管１０の下端部に、その
上方の本体部よりも一段小径のフィルタ装着部２６が形
成されている。このフィルタ装着部２６は、略半球状の
底部を有し、当該底部及び側部にそれぞれ血液出口３
０，２８が設けられている。FIGS. 5A and 5B show a second embodiment. In this embodiment, a filter mounting portion 26 is formed at the lower end portion of the upstream pipe 10 and has a smaller diameter than the main body portion by one step. The filter mounting portion 26 has a substantially hemispherical bottom portion, and the blood outlet 3 is provided at the bottom portion and at the side portion.
0 and 28 are provided.
【００３７】フィルタ２０は、前記フィルタ装着部２６
のほぼ全体（少なくとも血液出口３０，２８を含む部
分）を覆うように配され、その外側にフィルタ押え３２
が装着されることにより、フィルタ２０がフィルタ装着
部２６とフィルタ押え３２とで挾持されている。The filter 20 includes the filter mounting section 26
Is disposed so as to cover almost the entirety (at least the portion including the blood outlets 30 and 28), and the filter presser 32
Is mounted, the filter 20 is held between the filter mounting portion 26 and the filter presser 32.
【００３８】このフィルタ押え３２は、前記フィルタ装
着部２６全体を下から覆うキャップ状をなし、このフィ
ルタ装着部２６への装着状態で前記血液出口３０，２８
と合致する流通口３４，３６を有している。このフィル
タ押え３２の上端には内側に突出する係合突起３３が形
成される一方、フィルタ装着部２６の上端には外側に突
出する係合突起２７が形成されており、この係合突起２
７を前記係合突起３３が乗り越える（すなわち両突起２
７，３３が係合する）ことにより、上流管１０にフィル
タ押え３２が固定されるようになっている。また、フィ
ルタ２０の直上方の位置には、フィルタ装着部２６とフ
ィルタ押え３２との間に介在するリング状のシール部材
３５が配設されている。The filter presser 32 has a cap shape that covers the entire filter mounting portion 26 from below, and the blood outlets 30 and 28 are attached to the filter mounting portion 26 in a state where the filter presser 32 is mounted on the filter mounting portion 26.
And the distribution ports 34 and 36 which match the above. An engagement protrusion 33 projecting inward is formed at the upper end of the filter presser 32, while an engagement protrusion 27 projecting outward is formed at the upper end of the filter mounting portion 26.
7 is passed over by the engagement projection 33 (that is, both projections 2
7 and 33 are engaged), whereby the filter retainer 32 is fixed to the upstream pipe 10. A ring-shaped seal member 35 interposed between the filter mounting portion 26 and the filter retainer 32 is disposed immediately above the filter 20.
【００３９】このように、上流管１０の周壁及び端壁
（底壁）の双方に血液出口２８，３０を設けるようにす
れば、その開口面積をさらに稼いで分離作業の迅速化を
より進めることが可能である。As described above, if the blood outlets 28 and 30 are provided on both the peripheral wall and the end wall (bottom wall) of the upstream pipe 10, the opening area thereof is further increased and the speed of the separation operation is further increased. Is possible.
【００４０】その他、本発明は次のような実施の形態を
とることも可能である。In addition, the present invention can take the following embodiments.
【００４１】(1) 本発明では、上流管１０とフィルタ２
０とを一体にモールドすることも可能であり、これによ
り組付工数を大幅に削減することが可能である。(1) In the present invention, the upstream pipe 10 and the filter 2
It is also possible to mold the "0" and the "0" integrally, which can greatly reduce the number of assembling steps.
【００４２】(2) 前記実施形態では、予め上流管１０内
を減圧しておき、その負圧を利用して上流管１０内に人
体から直接採血するものを示したが、本発明では、別の
器具（例えば注射器）で採血したものを上流管１０内に
導入するようにしてもよい。この場合には、特に上流管
１０内を密閉、減圧する必要はない。(2) In the above embodiment, the pressure in the upstream pipe 10 is reduced in advance, and blood is directly collected from the human body into the upstream pipe 10 by using the negative pressure. The blood collected by the device (e.g., a syringe) may be introduced into the upstream pipe 10. In this case, it is not particularly necessary to seal and reduce the pressure inside the upstream pipe 10.
【００４３】(3) 上流管１０を前記図１（ａ）の引き抜
き位置に保持するための保持部材は、前記拡縮径部材２
４に限らず、例えば当該引き抜き操作を行った後で付加
的に採血管に装着する治具であってもよい。ただし、前
記のような拡縮径部材２４を用いて予め上流管１０とと
もに下流管１２内に挿入しておけば、拡縮径部材２４の
紛失のおそれがなく、しかも、上流管１０を引き抜くだ
けの操作で自動的に引き抜き位置保持状態（図１
（ｂ））を形成することができる利点が得られる。(3) The holding member for holding the upstream pipe 10 at the withdrawn position shown in FIG.
The jig is not limited to 4, and may be, for example, a jig that is additionally attached to a blood collection tube after the pulling operation is performed. However, if the upstream and downstream pipes 10 and the upstream and downstream pipes 10 are inserted into the downstream pipe 12 in advance using the above-described upstream and downstream diameter members 24, there is no risk of losing the upstream and downstream diameter members 24. Automatically holds the pull-out position (Fig. 1
The advantage that (b)) can be formed is obtained.
【００４４】[0044]
【発明の効果】以上のように本発明は、上流管とこの上
流管が挿入される下流管とを備え、上流管の血液出口を
塞ぐように血液分離用のフィルタを装着するとともに、
上流管のシール部で下流管内を密閉した状態で上流管を
引き抜く方向に両管を相対移動させることにより、下流
管内を減圧してその負圧で上流管内の血漿成分を前記フ
ィルタに透過させるようにしたものであるので、簡単な
構造で、しかも確実に、採取した血液の分離ができ、さ
らに血液分離完了後は下流管から上流管を引き抜くだけ
で残りの下流管をそのまま血漿成分の検査に供すること
ができる効果がある。As described above, the present invention comprises an upstream pipe and a downstream pipe into which the upstream pipe is inserted, and mounts a blood separation filter so as to close the blood outlet of the upstream pipe.
By moving the two tubes relative to each other in the direction in which the upstream tube is pulled out with the downstream tube sealed with the upstream tube seal portion, the pressure in the downstream tube is reduced, and the plasma component in the upstream tube is transmitted through the filter at the negative pressure. Because of this, it is possible to separate the collected blood with a simple structure and reliably, and after the blood separation is completed, simply pull out the upstream tube from the downstream tube and use the remaining downstream tube for the plasma component test as it is. There is an effect that can be provided.
【図１】（ａ）は本発明の第１の実施の形態に係る採血
管の使用前の状態を示す一部断面正面図、（ｂ）は使用
後の状態を示す一部断面正面図である。FIG. 1A is a partial sectional front view showing a state before use of a blood collection tube according to a first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 1B is a partial sectional front view showing a state after use. is there.
【図２】（ａ）は図１に係る採血管の上流管下部を示す
一部断面正面図、（ｂ）は（ａ）のIIＢ−IIＢ線断面図
である。2 (a) is a partial cross-sectional front view showing the lower part of the upstream tube of the blood collection tube according to FIG. 1, and FIG. 2 (b) is a cross-sectional view taken along the line IIB-IIB in FIG.
【図３】図１（ａ）のIII−III線断面図である。FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line III-III of FIG.
【図４】（ａ）は図１（ａ）のIVＡ−IVＡ線断面図、
（ｂ）は図１（ｂ）のIVＢ−IVＢ線断面図である。FIG. 4A is a sectional view taken along the line IVA-IVA in FIG.
FIG. 4B is a cross-sectional view taken along the line IVB-IVB in FIG.
【図５】（ａ）は本発明の第２の実施の形態にかかる上
流管の一部断面正面図、（ｂ）は（ａ）のＶＢ−ＶＢ線
断面図である。FIG. 5A is a partial sectional front view of an upstream pipe according to a second embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 5B is a sectional view taken along line VB-VB of FIG.
１０ 上流管 １２ 下流管 １３ 下流管内空間 １４，２８，３０ 血液出口 １８ 栓 ２０ フィルタ ２２ シール部材 ２４ 拡縮径部材 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Upstream pipe 12 Downstream pipe 13 Downstream pipe space 14, 28, 30 Blood outlet 18 Plug 20 Filter 22 Seal member 24 Enlarged / reduced diameter member
Claims (8)
導入される上流管と、この上流管の血液出口を塞ぐよう
に配設され、流通する血液を血球成分と血漿成分とに分
離するフィルタと、一端側に開口し、この開口から前記
上流管の血液出口を含む部分が管長手方向に挿入される
下流管とを備えるとともに、前記上流管の血液出口より
も上流側の部分に、前記下流管内面に接触することによ
り下流管内空間を密閉しながら当該下流管内面上を管長
手方向に摺動するシール部を設け、前記下流管から前記
上流管が抜ける方向に両管が相対移動することにより前
記下流管内空間の圧力が降下し、その負圧で前記上流管
内の血漿成分が前記フィルタを透過して前記下流管内空
間に導入されるようにしたことを特徴とする採血管。1. An upstream pipe having a blood outlet, into which collected blood is introduced, and an upstream pipe disposed so as to close the blood outlet of the upstream pipe, thereby separating flowing blood into a blood cell component and a plasma component. And a downstream tube that is open at one end and a portion including the blood outlet of the upstream tube is inserted from the opening in the longitudinal direction of the tube, and a portion of the upstream tube upstream of the blood outlet. A sealing portion that slides in the longitudinal direction of the pipe on the inner surface of the downstream pipe while sealing the space in the downstream pipe by contacting the inner surface of the downstream pipe, and the two pipes are relatively moved in the direction in which the upstream pipe exits from the downstream pipe. The blood collection tube is characterized in that the pressure in the downstream tube space is reduced by the movement, and the negative pressure causes the plasma component in the upstream tube to pass through the filter and be introduced into the downstream tube space.
流管の端部周壁に血液出口を設けたことを特徴とする採
血管。2. The blood collection tube according to claim 1, wherein a blood outlet is provided on an end peripheral wall of the downstream tube.
流管の端部周壁に複数の血液出口を並設し、これらの血
液出口を塞ぐようにフィルタを筒状に配設したことを特
徴とする採血管。3. The blood collection tube according to claim 2, wherein a plurality of blood outlets are juxtaposed on an end peripheral wall of the upstream pipe, and a filter is arranged in a tubular shape so as to close the blood outlets. And blood collection tube.
て、前記上流管の端部周壁及び端壁に血液出口を設けた
ことを特徴とする採血管。4. The blood collection tube according to claim 2, wherein a blood outlet is provided on an end peripheral wall and an end wall of the upstream tube.
において、前記下流管内空間を減圧させる位置に前記上
流管を保持する保持部材を備えたことを特徴とする採血
管。5. The blood collection tube according to claim 1, further comprising: a holding member that holds the upstream tube at a position where the internal space of the downstream tube is decompressed.
流管の下流管への挿入端部と反対側の端部に径方向に突
出する突出部を設けるとともに、自然状態で前記下流管
の内径よりも大きな外径を有し、かつ、当該外径が下流
管内径以下となるまで縮径方向に弾性変形可能な拡縮径
部材を前記上流管の周囲に装着し、この拡縮径部材が上
流管とともに下流管内に挿入された状態から当該拡縮径
部材が上流管外に脱出するまで上流管を引き抜き方向に
移動させることにより、当該拡縮径部材が拡径して前記
突出部と下流管の開口端との間に介在するようにしたこ
とを特徴とする採血管。6. The blood collection tube according to claim 5, wherein a protrusion protruding in a radial direction is provided at an end of the upstream tube opposite to an insertion end of the downstream tube into the downstream tube, and the downstream tube is naturally attached to the downstream tube. An expansion / contraction member having an outer diameter larger than the inner diameter and capable of being elastically deformed in the diameter-reducing direction until the outer diameter becomes equal to or less than the inner diameter of the downstream tube is mounted around the upstream pipe, and the expansion / contraction member is located upstream. By moving the upstream pipe in the withdrawing direction from the state inserted into the downstream pipe together with the pipe until the enlarged / reduced diameter member escapes outside the upstream pipe, the enlarged / reduced diameter member expands and the opening of the protruding portion and the downstream pipe is opened. A blood collection tube that is interposed between the ends.
流管の突出部を、当該上流管の血液入口に装着される栓
によって構成したことを特徴とする採血管。7. The blood collection tube according to claim 6, wherein the protruding portion of the upstream tube is formed by a plug attached to a blood inlet of the upstream tube.
において、その上流管及び下流管内を負圧状態で密閉し
たことを特徴とする採血管。8. The blood collection tube according to claim 1, wherein the inside of the upstream tube and the downstream tube is sealed in a negative pressure state.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP09571898A JP3963563B2 (en) | 1998-04-08 | 1998-04-08 | Blood collection tube |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP09571898A JP3963563B2 (en) | 1998-04-08 | 1998-04-08 | Blood collection tube |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH11290297A true JPH11290297A (en) | 1999-10-26 |
| JP3963563B2 JP3963563B2 (en) | 2007-08-22 |
Family
ID=14145270
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP09571898A Expired - Fee Related JP3963563B2 (en) | 1998-04-08 | 1998-04-08 | Blood collection tube |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3963563B2 (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7767466B2 (en) | 2003-04-25 | 2010-08-03 | Sekisui Medical Co., Ltd. | Sample filtering method using sample collecting container, jig and sample collecting container |
| CN105510109A (en) * | 2015-11-30 | 2016-04-20 | 武汉璟泓万方堂医药科技股份有限公司 | Blood sample sampling pretreatment device and method |
| CN112842336A (en) * | 2021-01-12 | 2021-05-28 | 王盛 | Blood collection bottle for blood collection in immune cell therapy |
-
1998
- 1998-04-08 JP JP09571898A patent/JP3963563B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7767466B2 (en) | 2003-04-25 | 2010-08-03 | Sekisui Medical Co., Ltd. | Sample filtering method using sample collecting container, jig and sample collecting container |
| CN105510109A (en) * | 2015-11-30 | 2016-04-20 | 武汉璟泓万方堂医药科技股份有限公司 | Blood sample sampling pretreatment device and method |
| CN112842336A (en) * | 2021-01-12 | 2021-05-28 | 王盛 | Blood collection bottle for blood collection in immune cell therapy |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP3963563B2 (en) | 2007-08-22 |
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