JPH11288281A - Performance practicing device, performance practicing method and record medium - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To allow a performer to practice according to his own performance pace by detecting the deviation quantity between a performance timing shown by performance data and a performance operation timing in which the performer plays, performing pronunciation processing when the deviation quantity is within a prescribed time and stopping the pronunciation processing when it is larger than the prescribed time. SOLUTION: The deviation quantity is detected based on the performance timing of performance data and the performance operation timing of a performer and when it is within a prescribed time, the performance operation of the performer is decided as what is within an allowable range and the sound of the performance data is pronounced at the operation timing. However, when the deviation quantity is larger than the prescribed time, a pronunciation processing mode is once stopped deciding it as a clear performance operation error. After that, processing such as shifting to another mode that is different from the pronunciation processing mode is performed. Thus, the performer can practice performance according to his own performance progress pace and can sensuously know the place where a mistake occurs and the degree of the mistake.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a performance training apparatus and method for assisting performance training of musical instruments, and more particularly to respecting the flow of performance operations performed by a player when practicing a subject music, which is used as an actual performance music. The present invention relates to a performance practice apparatus and method that allow continuous performance practice as long as the performance practice does not significantly deviate.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Some conventional performance practice apparatuses sequentially display a guide lamp (LED) at a key position at which a key should be depressed at the timing at which the key should be depressed with respect to melody data in a practice song. There is. In this case, the performer practiced key pressing in the same manner as a mole whacking in accordance with the lighting of the guide lamp. In addition, such a performance training device turns on a guide lamp according to a predetermined tempo created mechanically, regardless of the performance speed of the player,
The accompaniment sound was progressing. Further, the melody data sound generation process is executed only when the player presses the correct key corresponding to the melody data, and not executed when the key is erroneously pressed. Regarding the sound processing of the accompaniment sound,
This was performed irrespective of the key depression of the melody data.

[0003]

In the case of the conventional performance training apparatus, it is difficult for a beginner to practice at his / her own performance progression rate because the beginner follows the guide lamp and presses a key. Also, the performance of the accompaniment proceeds sequentially regardless of the performance of the melody, so if the performer is not able to perform the performance of the melody well, and the performance becomes intermittent, the performance of the accompaniment and the melody will not be performed at all. It will be processed separately, and the performance will be musically untoned. Also, even if the player makes a mistake while practicing the melody, the performance of the accompaniment continues and the melody performance simply stops, and no response is made to the player's mistake. It was the current situation. Therefore, even if the performer wants to know at what point the mistake of his performance occurred and how much the mistake is (important or not so important), Could not know.

[0004] The present invention provides a performance training apparatus that allows a player to practice at his / her own performance pace when performing performance training of a subject music piece, and also performs accompaniment performance in accordance with the performance progress pace. And a method. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide a performance training apparatus and method capable of informing a player of the location where the mistake has occurred and the degree of the mistake when the player makes a major mistake in the performance. I do.

[0005]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a performance practice apparatus according to the present invention, in which when a performance operation corresponding to performance data is performed, a sound production process corresponding to the performance data is performed. In the apparatus, a detecting means for detecting a deviation amount between a performance timing indicated by the performance data and a performance operation timing performed by a player, and, if the deviation amount is within a predetermined time, a sound generation process corresponding to the performance as it is. A control unit for maintaining the processing mode to be performed and stopping the sound generation processing when the deviation amount is larger than the predetermined time. According to the present invention, the deviation amount is detected based on the performance timing of the performance data and the performance operation timing of the player, and if the deviation is within a predetermined time, it is determined that the performance operation of the player is within an allowable range. Then, the sound of the corresponding performance data is generated at the operation timing. However, if the deviation amount is larger than the predetermined time, it is determined that a clear performance operation error has occurred, and the sound generation processing mode is temporarily stopped. After that, another mode different from the pronunciation processing mode, for example, a mode for asking the player whether or not to practice again with the same performance data, a mode for emphasizing the performance operation error portion, or a performance operation error Processing such as shifting to a mode for displaying the location and the degree of error is performed.
This allows the player to practice at his or her own performance progress pace, and when a major mistake is made in the performer's performance, the player can intuitively know where the mistake has occurred and the degree of the mistake. .

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a performance training apparatus according to the present invention, wherein a performance operation corresponding to the performance data is performed when a performance operation corresponding to the performance data is performed. When there is synchronous performance data set so that sound production processing is performed simultaneously with specific performance data among the specific performance data, when the performance processing for the specific performance data is performed, the specific performance data and the synchronous performance data Is performed. In the case where performance data is composed of melody data and accompaniment data, and performance practice is performed on the melody data in the performance data, conventionally, the melody data and the accompaniment data are each independently processed to perform sound generation processing. I was According to the present invention, in such a case, when there is accompaniment data that must be simultaneously sound-produced for certain melody data in the performance data, that is, when the melody data and the accompaniment data have the same sounding timing, The data and the accompaniment data are not sound-produced independently of each other, but when the performance processing corresponding to the melody data is performed, the melody data and the accompaniment data are sounded.
That is, when the performance of the melody data is performed before or after the actual performance processing timing, the accompaniment data relating to the performance is also processed at the same timing as the performance. This makes it possible to practice performance
The player can practice the performance at his own performance progress pace, and also plays the accompaniment at the performance progress pace. It goes without saying that the synchronous performance data set so as to be simultaneously sound-produced includes not only such melody data and accompaniment data but also a case of simultaneous generation of a plurality of sounds such as a chord performance.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, a performance practice method according to the present invention is characterized in that, according to the supply of performance data to be played, the amount of deviation between the performance timing indicated by the performance data and the performance operation timing performed by the player. Detecting, and when the deviation amount is within a predetermined time, maintaining a processing mode for performing a sounding process corresponding to the performance as it is, and when the deviation amount is larger than the predetermined time, Stopping the sounding process. This invention is a performance practice method invention corresponding to the invention described in claim 1 at the time of filing.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, a performance practice method according to the present invention is provided such that sound generation processing is performed simultaneously with specific performance data in the performance data in accordance with supply of performance data desired to be played. Detecting whether or not the synchronized performance data is present; and performing sound processing corresponding to the specific performance data and the synchronized performance data at the time when the performance processing is performed on the specific performance data detected by the step. And performing the following. This invention is an invention of a performance practice method corresponding to the invention described in claim 2 at the time of filing.

A recording medium according to the present invention described in claim 5 at the time of filing is a recording medium readable by a machine, and stores a group of instructions for a program for controlling performance practice executed by a computer. The program for controlling the performance practice has a step of supplying performance data desired to be played, and detects a deviation amount between a performance timing indicated by the performance data and a performance operation timing performed by a player. And maintaining a processing mode in which a sound generation process corresponding to the performance is directly performed when the deviation amount is within a predetermined time period, and when the deviation amount is longer than the predetermined time period, the sound generation process is performed. Stopping the processing. The present invention relates to a recording medium storing a program relating to the invention of the performance practice method according to claim 3 at the time of filing.

A recording medium according to the present invention described in claim 6 at the time of filing is a recording medium readable by a machine, and stores a group of instructions for a program for controlling performance practice executed by a computer. The program for controlling the performance practice has a step of supplying performance data that the user wants to play, and is set so that sound generation processing is performed simultaneously with specific performance data in the performance data. Detecting whether synchronous performance data is present, and performing sound processing corresponding to the specific performance data and the synchronous performance data when the performance processing for the specific performance data detected in the step is performed. And steps. The present invention relates to a recording medium storing a program related to the invention of the performance practice method according to claim 4 at the time of filing.

[0011]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a hardware configuration showing an embodiment of an electronic musical instrument incorporating a performance practice device and an automatic performance device according to the present invention.

In this embodiment, an example of an electronic musical instrument in which one CPU 21 performs a process related to performance practice will be described. The CPU 21 controls the operation of the electronic musical instrument as a whole. A program memory 22, a working memory 23, a mouse detection circuit 25, and a key press detection circuit 2 are sent to the CPU 21 via a data and address bus 2P.
D, switch detection circuit 2F, display circuit 2H, sound source circuit 2
J, the effect circuit 2K, the external storage device 24, the MIDI interface 2A, the communication interface 27, and the timer 2N are connected.

The CPU 21 includes various programs and various data in the program memory 22 and the working memory 23,
And the overall operation is controlled based on the musical tone control information (MIDI data) fetched from the external storage device 24.
In this embodiment, the external storage device 24 includes a floppy disk drive, a hard disk drive,
A D-ROM drive, a magneto-optical disk (MO) drive, a ZIP drive, a PD drive, a DVD, or the like may be used. Also, MIDI data or the like may be fetched from another MIDI device 2B or the like via the MIDI interface 2A. The CPU 21 supplies the MIDI data fetched from the external storage device 24 and the MIDI data generated based on the key pressing operation of the keyboard 2C to the tone generator circuit 2J. Note that the tone generation process may be performed using a sound source circuit connected to the outside.

The program memory 22 stores a system-related program of the CPU 21, accompaniment information corresponding to a plurality of accompaniment styles, various parameters and data, and the like, and is constituted by a read-only memory (ROM). . The working memory 23 temporarily stores various data generated when the CPU 21 executes a program, and is a random access memory (RAM).
Are allocated and used as registers and flags. The ROM 22
Instead of storing operation programs, various data, etc., various data such as automatic performance data, accompaniment data, musical tone waveform data, and any operation program may be stored in an external storage device 24 such as a CD-ROM drive. .
The operation program and various data stored in the external storage device 24 can be transferred and stored in the RAM 23 or the like. This makes it possible to easily perform new installation and version upgrade of the operation program.

The communication interface 27 is connected to the data and address bus 2P, and can be connected to various communication networks 28 such as a LAN (local area network), the Internet, and a telephone line via the communication interface 27. May be exchanged with the server computer 29. Thus, the operation program and various data can be downloaded from the server computer 29.
In this case, a command for requesting downloading of an operation program and various data is transmitted from the automatic performance device, which is a musical sound generation device serving as a client, to the server computer 29 via the communication interface 27 and the communication network 28. In response to this command, the server computer 29 transmits a predetermined operation program or data to another automatic performance device via the communication network 28.
The automatic performance device receives these operation programs and data via the communication interface 27 and stores these programs and data in the hard disk drive 25 or the like. Thus, the download of the operation program and various data is completed.

The present invention may be implemented by a commercially available personal computer or the like in which an operation program and various data corresponding to the present invention are installed. In that case, the operation program and various data corresponding to the present invention may be provided to the user in a state where the program is stored in a storage medium such as a CD-ROM or a floppy disk which can be read by a personal computer. In addition, the personal computer is a LAN,
When connected to a communication network such as the Internet or a telephone line, an operation program and various data may be provided to a personal computer or the like via the communication network.

The mouse 26 is a pointing device used in a personal computer or the like, and converts an input signal from the mouse 26 into position information by a mouse detection circuit 25 and supplies the position information to the data and address bus 2P. The keyboard 2C has a plurality of keys for selecting a pitch of a musical tone to be produced, has key switches corresponding to each key, and, if necessary, a touch detecting means such as a pressing force detecting device. have. The keyboard 2C is a basic operator for music performance, and it goes without saying that other keyboard operators may be used. The key press detection circuit 2D includes a key switch circuit provided corresponding to each key of the keyboard 2C for designating the pitch of a musical tone to be generated. The key press detection circuit 2D detects a change of the keyboard 2C from the key release state to the key press state and outputs a key-on event, detects a change from the key press state to the key release state and outputs a key-off event, and A note number indicating the key pitch of each key-on event and key-off event is output. Key press detection circuit 2
D also outputs velocity data and after touch data by discriminating a key pressing operation speed and a pressing force at the time of key pressing.

The switch detection circuit 2F is a panel switch 2
E is provided corresponding to each switch group on E, and outputs a switch-on event according to the operation status of each switch group. The switch group on the panel switch 2E includes, for example, a song selection switch for selecting a practice song,
A start switch for instructing the start of performance, a NEXT switch for proceeding to the next practice part, a BACK switch for returning to the previous practice part, and the like are provided. In addition, it has various controls for selecting, setting, and controlling the tone color, volume, pitch, effect, and the like of the musical tone to be generated. There are many other switches, but they are omitted here. Note that, in addition to these hardware switches, various switches may be displayed on the display so that they can be selected by the mouse 26 using software. The display circuit 2H controls the display contents of the display 2G, and displays a simulated keyboard and key depression.
The display 2G is composed of a liquid crystal display panel (LCD) or the like, and its display operation is controlled by the display circuit 2H.

The tone generator 2J is capable of simultaneously generating musical tone signals on a plurality of channels, receives performance information (data conforming to the MIDI standard) given via an address bus 2P, and generates a musical tone based on this information. Generate a signal.
In the tone generator circuit 2J, a tone signal can be simultaneously generated on a plurality of channels by using one circuit in a time-division manner to form a plurality of tone channels, or one tone channel is constituted by one circuit. It may be of the type as described below. Also, any tone signal generation method in the tone generator circuit 2J may be used.

The effect circuit 2K gives various effects to the tone signal from the tone generator 2J, and outputs the tone signal with the effect to the sound system 2L. The tone signal to which the effect is given by the effect circuit 2K is generated through a sound system 2L including an amplifier and a speaker. The timer 2N generates a tempo clock pulse for counting a time interval and setting a tempo of automatic accompaniment. The frequency of the tempo clock pulse is adjusted by a tempo switch (not shown) in the switch group. The tempo clock pulse from the timer is CP
Given as an interrupt instruction to U21, CP
U21 executes various processes at the time of automatic performance by interrupt processing.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a configuration example of practice music data. FIG. 3A shows an example of the entire configuration of practice music data.
(B) shows the contents of the initial setting data in the practice music data,
FIG. 3C is a diagram showing an example of music data. One piece of practice music data is stored in a format as shown in FIG. That is, one piece of practice music data includes a track number, initial setting data, and music data. If the track number is 1, it means that the performance information of the track is related to the melody performance information (melody data). If the track number is 2, the performance information of the track is related to the accompaniment data. Means As shown in FIG. 3B, the initial setting data is composed of data relating to the timbre, volume and effect setting data of the melody data or the accompaniment data. Various other information is stored in the initial setting data, but is omitted here. As shown in FIG. 3 (C), the melody data and the accompaniment data both include sounding data composed of a combination of timing data, key-on data, key number data, and velocity data, and timing data, key-off data, and key number data. It consists of silencing data composed of combinations. These sounding data and silencing data are sequentially stored according to the music to be played, and constitute melody data and accompaniment data.

The timing data is data indicating the time between events. The key-on data is data indicating a key-on event. The key-off data is data indicating a key-off event. The key number data is data relating to a pitch that has been keyed on or off. The velocity data is data relating to the volume of a sound to be generated. Note that, in the melody data and the accompaniment data, in addition to the performance information and the accompaniment information, event data relating to pitch bend, volume control, and the like also exist, but are omitted here.

Next, a first embodiment which is an example of the processing of the performance training apparatus executed by the CPU 21 will be described with reference to the conceptual diagrams of FIGS. 1 and 4 to 6 and the flowcharts of FIGS. 7 to 11. Will be explained. FIG. 7 is a diagram showing an example of a main flow of the performance training device. In step 71, an initial setting process is performed. In this initial setting process, an operation of selecting a practice song, an operation of displaying the whole or a part of the musical score corresponding to the selected practice song, and the like are performed. In the next step 72, it is determined whether or not the practice start button has been operated to instruct the start of the practice. Steps 73 to 75 are the initial setting processing in accordance with the practice start instruction of step 72, in which each flag and buffer are set to "0", and the execution of the automatic performance and the key press / release key interrupt processing described later is permitted. For this purpose, the running flag RUN is set to "1", and the designated pitch indicating the sound to be currently played on the musical score displayed on the display section is set as the leading sound of the practice song. Step 76
Is a process repeated until the running flag RUN becomes 0. Here, when the running flag RUN is "1", the performance based on the practice music data is being performed, and when it is "0", it indicates that the performance is stopped. Therefore, the performance training apparatus performs an automatic performance interruption process of FIG. 8 and a key press / release key interruption process of FIG. 9 described below until the running flag RUN becomes 0 in step 76, that is, until the performance is stopped. Execute at the interrupt timing of.

In step 77, it is inquired about what kind of performance mistake the player made during the performance practice, whether the performance practice is started from the beginning of the bar including the sound related to the performance mistake, or The user inquires whether or not to display the performance result of the selected portion on the display 2G so as to be visually recognized. One of the points of this embodiment is that when a performance mistake by a player is a serious mistake,
Immediately stopping the practice performance is to notify the player that a serious mistake has occurred, and the subsequent result processing may be in any form, such as selecting the processing mode as described above. The method is conceivable. At step 78, other performance practice processing is performed, for example, practice performance of bass, practice performance of rhythm sound, change of performance practice music, and other processes. Then, it is determined in step 79 whether or not the end switch of the performance training device has been operated.

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing an example of an automatic performance interruption process performed by the performance practice device of the present embodiment. The automatic performance interruption processing of FIG. 8 performs processing such as sound generation and mute based on the accompaniment data at each time corresponding to the clock timing. In this embodiment, since the length of a quarter note is eight clocks, one bar corresponds to 32 clocks in the case of a quarter time signature. In this automatic performance interruption processing, first, all the processing is performed when the running flag RUN is "1". Then, it is determined whether or not the accompaniment event occurrence timing data aTIME and the timing data TIME have become the same. If the timing data TIME has become the same, the sound generation processing of the event is performed in the next step, and the preparation is made for the next automatic performance interruption processing. The subsequent timing value in the accompaniment data is added to the accompaniment event occurrence timing data aTIME. Here, the timing data TIME is a value of a register indicating the progress time of the performance practice, and is basically incremented by one at each clock timing in a stop determination process of FIG. 11 described later. The timing data TIME
May be exceptionally rewritten by the melody data reading process of FIG. 10 described later (details will be described later).

FIG. 9 is a diagram showing an example of a key press / release interrupt process performed by the performance training apparatus of the present embodiment. This key press / release key interruption process generates a sound corresponding to a player's key press operation and key release operation,
This is to execute silencing and determination processing. This key press / release interrupt process is executed at the same timing as the above-described automatic performance interrupt process, that is, at every one clock timing. In step 91, it is determined whether or not the running flag RUN is "1". If the running flag RUN is "1", all the processes are performed, and the other processes are not executed. If it is determined in step 92 that a key is pressed, the processes in steps 93 to 99 are performed. If it is determined in step 9A that a key is released, the process in step 9B is performed, and then the process in step 9C is performed. To end the interrupt processing.

In step 93, it is determined whether or not the pitch (key number) of the depressed key matches the current instruction sound, that is, the key number of the melody data in FIG. Whether the timing is clearly earlier than the key press timing data mTIME of the melody data, that is, the value obtained by subtracting the value of the current timing data TIME from the key press timing data mTIME is 6
It is determined whether it is greater than (step 94).
Here, the key press timing data mTIME corresponds to each key-on event occurrence timing in the melody data. The value of the timing data TIME represents the current key depression timing. If the decision result in the step 94 is YES, in order to forcibly stop the performance, the process proceeds to steps 98 and 99, a silence processing of all sounds is performed, and "0" is set in the running flag RUN. As described above, when a key is pressed too early (ie, a key is pressed too early) than the sounding timing, in this embodiment, the performance is forcibly stopped and the player is notified of the stop. Also, in this embodiment, a certain amount of premature dust (for example, an amount equivalent to six clocks) is allowed, so that even if a slight performance error occurs, the performance flow is not stopped. The flow of music is maintained so that the performance practice can be continued.

If it is determined in step 94 that the value obtained by subtracting the timing data TIME from the key press timing mTIME is less than 6, the processing in steps 95 to 97 is executed. In step 95, the stop flag STOP
Is set to "0" (the stop flag STOP will be described later). In step 96, since the key depression pitch matches the present instruction pitch, and the key depression is made at a timing within a predetermined range, the sound generation process corresponding to the key depression is performed and the next instruction tone is generated. The pitch corresponding to the pitch is displayed on the display. That is, in this embodiment, the musical score of the practice music is displayed, and the notes that need to be depressed are lit or displayed in different colors.

The melody data reading process of step 97 is a process executed each time a pitch to be currently pressed is pressed (every time a correct key is pressed by a player). FIG.
0 is a diagram showing an example of the melody data reading process. In the melody data reading process, first, a key number corresponding to a key-on subsequent to a currently pressed key-on (previous key-on) is set in the key buffer KEY. Then, in the next step, the value of the current key press timing data mTIME is set to the value of the timing data TIME. This is a timing corresponding to a corresponding pitch in the melody data, and when a key is pressed earlier within a predetermined time (within the above-mentioned 6 clocks), the present key is pressed. This is because the value of the performance progress time, that is, the value of the timing data TIME is used as the key press timing data mTIME of the timing at which the next melody data should be generated. As a result, even when the player presses the key at a slightly earlier timing, the read timing of each event of the accompaniment data and the performance timing of the melody data do not deviate in the subsequent automatic performance processing, and the player can slightly If the key is depressed, it is possible to enjoy the performance practice while keeping the flow of the performance without worrying about the mistakes made in the early stage.

Next, all the timing values between the previous key-on and the subsequent key-on are used as key-depression timing data mTI.
It is determined whether the value of the key press timing data mTIME is greater than the value of the accompaniment event occurrence timing data aTIME. If the value is larger, the accompaniment data existing up to the time corresponding to the key press timing data TIME is determined. Performs automatic performance processing for all events in. This process is to process all events in the accompaniment data that should have been sounded within the advanced time when the current performance time is advanced by the player's early and depressed keys. is there. As a result, it is possible to prevent a problem such as the accompaniment sound being left undisturbed due to early depressing the key.

Steps 92 to 97 described above are performed when a key is pressed. Next, a process performed when there is a key release will be described. The determination of the key release is performed in step 9A. If there is a key release, if a sound corresponding to the key release is being generated in step 9B, the sound is silenced. The stop determination process of step 9C is performed regardless of the presence / absence of key depression and key release. The details of the stop determination process are shown in FIG. First, it is determined whether or not the stop flag STOP is "1". If YES, the value of the elapsed time register WAIT is incremented by "1", and it is determined whether or not the value is greater than a predetermined value. Here, the stop flag STOP is a flag indicating whether or not the pitch of the melody data to be pressed is not pressed (correct answer key press waiting state) (“1”) or not (“0”). Yes, it is reset for each correct key press (step 95 in FIG. 9). Further, the elapsed time register WAIT is a register for storing an elapsed time since entering the correct key press waiting state, and is incremented by "1" every clock timing when the stop flag STOP is "1". is there. If the result of this determination is that the value of the elapsed time register WAIT is equal to or less than the predetermined time, the processing is terminated as it is, and if the value is longer than the predetermined time, silence processing of all sounds is performed in order to forcibly stop the performance. , The running flag RUN is set to "0"
And exit. The above processing warns that hesitant depressing has been performed by forcibly stopping performance practice when extreme sluggishness occurs at the key depressing timing, and tolerates some performance sluggishness, This is a process for practicing the performance while maintaining the flow even if a performance error occurs.

On the other hand, if the stop flag STOP is "0", that is, if it is not in the key answer waiting state, it is determined whether or not a value obtained by adding "1" to the timing data TIME is equal to the key pressing timing data mTIME. I do. That is, it is determined whether or not a key corresponding to the pitch in the melody data to be generated by the current performance time has been pressed. If the key has not been pressed, the correct key press waiting state flag ST
OP is set to "1", and the process shifts to a key press waiting state for melody data that has not been pressed. Here, the timing data T
The reason for comparing the value obtained by adding “1” to the IME and the value of the mTIME is that the accompaniment sound to be generated in the mTIME is generated before the key is pressed (produced at the start of the correct answer key pressing wait state). This is to prevent that. Then, "0" is set in the elapsed time register WAIT, and the time until a correct key is generated is stored in the elapsed time register WAIT. On the other hand, when the key corresponding to the pitch in the melody data to be produced by the current performance progress time is depressed, the value of the timing data TIME is incremented by "1". When the stop flag STOP is set to “1” and the correct key press wait state is set, the timing data T
The value of IME is not incremented and its value is kept constant. In this way, when the performer's performance is slow, the accompaniment progress is temporarily stopped, and the reading of the accompaniment data is resumed in synchronization with the occurrence of the next correct key press, and the performer is concerned about the accompaniment progress. If you perform at your own pace without playing, the accompaniment sound will be generated in time with the performance, so that even beginners can enjoy the performance without disturbing the flow of the ensemble.

Next, the present invention will be described with reference to specific examples. FIG. 4 shows a part of the practice music data selected by the player. The upper row shows the melody data (Melody), and the lower row shows the accompaniment data (Base). In the figure, a black circle indicates a sound generation timing, and an alphabet below the black circle indicates a pitch (key number). In this embodiment, practice is performed on melody data. In FIGS. 1, 5 and 6, the upper row shows the performance contents (Play) of the player.
, The closed circle indicates the key press timing of the correct sound, and the solid triangle indicates the erroneous key press. The lower part is a diagram showing a sounding state (Generate) as to what kind of sound is produced as a result of the processing performed by the performance training device. A black circle indicates sounding timing, and an upper part of the alphabet indicates sounding corresponding to the melody data. , The lower side indicates the pronunciation corresponding to the accompaniment data. The description of the key-off event is omitted in FIGS. 1, 5 and 6. In the above-mentioned flowchart, a key depressed outside the range of six clocks before and after the tone generation timing of each pitch stored in the melody data is regarded as a miss key depressed (shifted key depressed). Even if the key pressed outside is the correct pitch, it is treated as a wrong key press.

According to the melody data shown in FIG. 4, the performance interval between key number A and key number B and the key number B
The playing interval between key number C and key number C is equivalent to 16 clocks, and the playing interval between key number C and key number D is 28 clocks.
It is equivalent to a clock. Regarding the accompaniment data, the playing interval between the key numbers E and F is equivalent to 32 clocks, and the playing interval between the key numbers F and G is equivalent to 24 clocks. The accompaniment sound of the key number E and the accompaniment sound of the key number F must be produced simultaneously with the production of the key number A and the production of the key number C. Further, the accompaniment sound of the key number G is sounded when a time equivalent to 24 clocks has elapsed since the accompaniment sound of the key number F was sounded. This is the contents of the melody data and the accompaniment data shown in FIG. Under such melody data and accompaniment data, how the performance training device operates when the performance operation as shown in FIG. 1 is performed by the player will be described. Hereinafter, each data and register value are shown in parentheses.

FIG. 1 shows a case where there is an erroneous key press but the performance processing is not stopped. First, the key number A and the key number E are generated without any problem when the first key number A is depressed. Then, the key of the key number B is depressed four clocks earlier than the correct answer timing, and the sound corresponding to the key number B is performed by the processing of steps 91 to 96. In step 97,
The next key number C is set in the key buffer KEY,
The current key depression timing data mTIME (16) is set in the timing data TIME (12). That is, since the key is pressed four clocks earlier, the timing is adjusted accordingly. Then, the timing value (16) from the key number B to the next key number C is added to the key press timing data mTIME. Therefore, mTIM
The value of E is 32. Since the value of the accompaniment event occurrence timing data aTIME is 32, the determination process in FIG. 10 is NO.

Since the key of key number C was pressed at the correct timing (timing of 16 cooks after key number B was pressed), the key numbers C and F are sounded as it is, and FIG. The timing value (24) following the accompaniment event occurrence timing aTIME (32) is added. An erroneous key press occurs after 28 clocks. If this erroneous key press occurs, it is determined in step 93 that the key press pitch does not match the instruction sound, so that the processing in steps 94 to 99 is not performed, and no processing is performed for the erroneous key press. I can't. After four clocks have elapsed from the incorrect key press, that is, at the correct key press timing of the key number D, the stop key STOP is set to "1" by the processing of FIG.
It will be in the state of waiting for the correct key press. Then, after 32 clocks (four clocks have elapsed since the state of waiting for a correct key press) from the key press timing of the key number C, there is a correct key press of the key number D, so that the processing of steps 91 to 97 in FIG. Then, the tone generation process of the key number D is performed, the melody data readout process of step 97 and the stop determination process of step 9C are performed in the same manner as described above, and the normal performance practice process is performed.

Next, a case where an extreme depression and a depressed key are performed as shown in FIG. 5 will be described. The key presses of the key numbers A and B are the same as those in FIG. Since the erroneous key press next to the key number B is determined as NO in step 93, it is ignored without any processing. The key depression of the key number C is the same as in FIG. And
The key with the key number D is pressed 8 clocks earlier than the correct key pressing timing.
Since the result is YES, the processing of steps 98 and 99 is executed, and the performance is stopped.

FIG. 6 shows a case where the key is depressed extremely hesitantly. The key presses of the key numbers A and B are the same as those in FIG. In the case of an erroneously depressed key, since the pitch of the depressed key does not match the instruction sound in step 93, the processing of steps 94 to 99 is not performed, and no processing is performed on the erroneously depressed key. At this time, the value of the timing data TIME matches the value of the accompaniment event occurrence timing data aTIME by 32 due to the automatic performance processing of FIG.
The key number F corresponding to the accompaniment data is sounded. At the clock timing before this erroneous key press (the timing one clock before the correct key press timing), the stop determination processing of step 9C recognizes the presence of the melody data (key number C) to be pressed next. ,
“1” is set to the correct answer key press waiting state flag STOP,
“0” is set in the elapsed time register WAIT. Thereafter, as a result of progressing by six clocks, it is determined that the value of the elapsed time register WAIT is larger than “6” in FIG. At that point, the performance is forcibly stopped.

FIG. 12 is an explanatory diagram of a case where the melody data includes a performance state of a chordal key depression in which a plurality of tones are simultaneously generated at one sound generation timing. The melody data (Melody) shown in FIG. 12 includes data that must be pressed at the same time, such as key numbers B, C, and D. An example of how the performance training device operates under such melody data and accompaniment data will be described. The illustration of the flowchart corresponding to this operation is omitted.

First, the player erroneously presses a key at a timing equivalent to twelve clocks after the sounding timing of the key number A, but the erroneously pressed key is ignored because it is erroneously pressed irrelevant to the melody data. Then, it is assumed that the key of the key number C is pressed after the lapse of four clocks, and the key of the key numbers B and D is simultaneously pressed after the lapse of the four clocks. In this case, in this performance training apparatus, the correct tone is depressed when any of the chord components is depressed. Accordingly, in the case of FIG. 12, the correct tone is depressed when the key of the key number C is depressed. In this case, the correct sound is determined when the key is pressed within six clocks before and after the key pressing timing of the melody data. Forcibly stop playing and inform the performer. If the time is too slow, it is also assumed that the performance has slack, and the performance is forcibly stopped and the performer is notified. In this embodiment, when all of the chord components are depressed after the correct key is depressed, the sound is generated based on the chord. If there is an accompaniment sound with the key number G corresponding to the same timing, the accompaniment sound is also emitted at the same time. Accordingly, in the case of FIG. 12, when the key numbers B and D are depressed, the sound generation processing of the key numbers B, C, D and G is performed. Thereafter, the accompaniment sound of key number H is generated at the lapse of 16 clocks after the generation of key numbers B, C, D and G. The key of the key number E in the melody data is pressed 28 keys after the key of the keys B and D is pressed, that is, the key is pressed 4 clocks later than the normal key press. In this case, there is no problem. , A tone generation process corresponding to the key number E is performed.

In the case shown in FIG. 12, a case has been described in which, when all of the chord components are depressed after the correct key is depressed, the process of producing the chord components is performed. However, the present invention is not limited to this. Alternatively, the following process may be performed. For example, when all keys pressed corresponding to chord constituent tones are correct key presses (key presses within 6 clocks before and after the key press timing), the tone generation process may be performed at the last time point of the correct key press. Alternatively, the tone generation process may be performed when all of the chord components are depressed within a predetermined time (for example, a time corresponding to 12 clocks) after the correct depressing key is generated. Also, as long as only half or more of the chord constituent sounds are correct key presses, the sound generation processing may be performed when all of the chord constituent sounds are depressed.

In the above embodiment, an electronic musical instrument incorporating a tone generator circuit, an automatic performance device, and a performance practice device has been described. However, the electronic musical instrument is connected to a personal computer, and a key is pressed on the display of the personal computer. The musical score to be displayed may be displayed, or the panel switch of FIG. 2 may be substituted by a keyboard of a personal computer. In the above-described embodiment, only one track of accompaniment data is recorded for one piece of practice music data. However, one piece of practice music data may be recorded as accompaniment data for a plurality of tracks. In this embodiment, the player can practice the performance only with respect to the melody data. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the player can practice the desired part (for example, a chord performance part) in the accompaniment data. Is also good. At this time, for example, the performance practice of a plurality of parts such as the melody performance and the chord progression performance related to the piano performance may be performed at the same time.

The present invention is not limited to the keyboard instruments, but may be of a stringed instrument type, a wind instrument type, a percussion instrument type, or the like. The present invention is not limited to an electronic musical instrument having a built-in sound source device and an automatic performance device, but may be separate devices and connected to each other using communication means such as MIDI or various networks.

The format of the performance data is "event + absolute time" in which the time of occurrence of the performance event is represented by the absolute time in the music or bar, and the performance data is represented by the pitch and length of the note or the rest and the length of the rest. A so-called "solid method" in which a memory area is secured for each "pitch (rest) + note length" or for each minimum resolution of performance and the performance event is stored in the memory area corresponding to the time when the performance event occurs. Needless to say, it may be configured in any format. The automatic performance data may be in a format in which data of a plurality of channels are mixed, or in a format in which data of each channel is divided for each track.

The setting of the number of clocks is not limited to the one described in the above embodiment. In addition, the key pressing timing range regarded as a miss sound (erroneous key pressing) and the timing range regarded as simultaneous key pressing during a chord performance are not limited to the values in the present embodiment. In the above-described embodiment, a case has been described in which the pronunciation of the practice target track is performed only in accordance with the correct key press. However, the pronunciation corresponding to the incorrect key press may be performed. Further, in the above-described embodiment, a case where the key is pressed during a period corresponding to six clocks earlier than that based on the key pressing timing corresponding to the key number of the melody data is regarded as the correct key pressing, and the key is pressed earlier than that. In addition, a wrong key was depressed when a different key number was depressed, and the same key number was depressed early.However, the same key number was depressed within a range equivalent to 6 to 10 clocks before the key depression timing. In this case, the key may be depressed early, and a key depressed 10 clocks or more may be erroneously depressed. In the above-described embodiment, a case has been described in which the performance is stopped immediately when an erroneous key press occurs. However, an operation may be performed to stop the performance when the erroneous key press occurs a plurality of times. In this embodiment, the early and depressed key determination is performed only for the key depression corresponding to the correct pitch. However, the early and dust determination may be performed for an erroneously depressed key.

[0046]

According to the present invention, when practicing the performance of a music piece to be performed, the player can practice the performance at his / her own performance progress pace and perform the accompaniment performance in accordance with the performance progress pace. There is an effect that can be. According to the present invention, when a great mistake occurs in the performance of the player, there is an effect that the player can be intuitively notified of the place where the mistake has occurred and the degree of the mistake.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 shows a performance content (Play) of a player and a state of sound generation processing (Genera) performed by a performance training apparatus according to the present invention.
FIG.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a hardware configuration showing an embodiment of an electronic musical instrument incorporating a performance training device according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a configuration example of practice music data.

FIG. 4 shows melody data (Play) and accompaniment data (Ba) which are part of the practice music data selected by the player.
It is a figure showing an example of se).

FIG. 5 shows the performance contents (Play) of the player and the state of the sound generation processing (Genera) performed by the performance training apparatus according to the present invention.
It is a figure which shows the 1st example of te).

FIG. 6 shows a performance content (Play) of a player and a state of a sound generation process (Genera) performed by the performance training apparatus according to the present invention.
It is a figure which shows the 2nd example of te).

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing an example of a main flow of the performance training device according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating an example of an automatic performance interruption process performed by the performance practice device of the present embodiment.

FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating an example of a key press / release interrupt process performed by the performance training apparatus of the present embodiment.

FIG. 10 is a diagram showing an example of the melody data reading process of FIG. 9;

FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating an example of a stop determination process in FIG. 9;

FIG. 12 shows practice music data, performance contents, and the state of the sounding process when there is a performance state of a chord-like key depression in which a plurality of sounds are simultaneously generated at one sounding timing in the melody data.

[Explanation of symbols]

21 CPU, 22 ROM, 23 RAM, 24 external storage device, 25 mouse detection circuit, 26 mouse, 2
7 communication interface, 28 communication network,
29 server computer, 2A MIDI interface, 2B other MIDI equipment, 2C keyboard, 2D ...
Key press detection circuit, 2E panel switch, 2F switch detection circuit, 2G display, 2H display circuit, 2J
... sound source circuit, 2K ... effect circuit, 2L ... sound system, 2P ... address and data bus

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A performance training apparatus for performing a sounding process corresponding to performance data when a performance operation corresponding to performance data is performed, wherein a difference between a performance timing indicated by the performance data and a performance operation timing performed by a player. Detection means for detecting the deviation, when the deviation amount is within a predetermined time,
Control means for maintaining a processing mode for performing a sounding process corresponding to the performance as it is, and stopping the sounding process when the deviation amount is larger than the predetermined time. apparatus. 2. A performance training apparatus for performing a sound generation process corresponding to performance data when a performance operation corresponding to performance data is performed, wherein the performance data is set so that sound generation processing is performed simultaneously with specific performance data in the performance data. A performance training apparatus characterized in that, when the synchronized performance data is present, when the performance processing is performed on the specific performance data, a sound production process corresponding to the specific performance data and the synchronous performance data is performed. Detecting a shift amount between a performance timing indicated by the performance data and a performance operation timing performed by a player in accordance with supply of performance data desired to be played; and when the shift amount is within a predetermined time, Is characterized by performing a step of maintaining a processing mode for performing a sound generation process corresponding to the performance as it is, and a step of stopping the sound generation process when the deviation amount is larger than the predetermined time. Performance practice method. Detecting, in accordance with supply of performance data that the user wants to play, whether or not there is synchronized performance data set so as to be sounded simultaneously with specific performance data in the performance data; Performing a sounding process corresponding to the specific performance data and the synchronous performance data at the time when the performance processing for the specific performance data detected in the step is performed. 5. A recording medium readable by a machine, comprising, as storage contents, a group of instructions for a program for controlling a performance practice executed by a computer, and a program for controlling the performance practice. Supplying performance data that the user wants to play, detecting the amount of deviation between the performance timing indicated by the performance data and the performance operation timing performed by the player, and if the deviation amount is within a predetermined time, And maintaining a processing mode in which a tone generation process corresponding to the performance is performed as it is, and stopping the tone generation process when the deviation amount is larger than the predetermined time. recoding media. 6. A recording medium readable by a machine, having, as its storage contents, a group of instructions for a program for controlling a performance practice executed by a computer, and a program for controlling the performance practice. Supplying performance data that the user wants to play; detecting whether there is synchronized performance data set so that sound processing is performed simultaneously with specific performance data in the performance data; Performing a tone generation process corresponding to the specific performance data and the synchronous performance data at the time when the performance process for the specific performance data detected in the step is performed.