JPH11281116A - Ventilator - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prevent drying of air inside of a house in winter and mitigate load of air conditioning in summer by interposing a thermo-electric element between an air-supply side heat exchanger and an exhaust-air side heat exchanger, with an endothermic portion and a radiating portion of the thermo-electric element being, respectively, connected to both of the heat exchangers. SOLUTION: A thermo-electric element 6 is interposed between an air-supply side heat exchanger 7 and an exhaust-air side heat exchanger 8 with an endothermic portion and a radiating portion at both end surfaces thereof being, respectively, connected to the air-supply side heat exchanger 7 and the exhaust- air side heat exchanger 8. When operated in winter time, the thermo-electric element 6 is applied with current so that the air-supply side heat exchanger 7 serves as a high-temperature (40 deg.C, for instance) side, and the exhaust-air side heat exchanger 8 serves as a low-temperature (5 deg.C, for instance) side. In the summer time operation, on the contrary, the thermo-electric element 6 is applied with current so that the air-supply side heat exchanger 7 serves as the low-temperature side and the exhaust-air side heat exchanger 8 serves as the high-temperature side.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a ventilator for ventilating an indoor space by exchanging indoor air with fresh outdoor air to prevent the indoor from drying in winter and reduce the load of air conditioning operation in summer. It relates to a single unit ventilation system.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, if ventilation is performed during heating in winter, it is necessary to raise the temperature of low-temperature and low-humidity outdoor air to about 20 ° C., so that the indoor relative humidity decreases to 20% or less and the skin and throat are reduced. Had a health problem such as drying. In order to solve such a problem, a ventilation system that transfers moisture and heat energy from indoor exhaust air to introduced outdoor air, such as a total heat exchange type ventilator, is used.

[0003] In addition, due to recent high heat insulation and high airtightness of houses, indoor heat often rises higher than outdoor temperature due to internal heat generation and daytime solar radiation. There is also a problem that it is not significantly increased.
In order to solve such a problem, for example, JP-A-7-4
As indicated by reference numeral 702, a proposal has been made to detect an indoor temperature and an outdoor temperature, and when the temperature difference is equal to or more than a predetermined value, automatically perform a ventilation operation to lower the indoor temperature.

[0004]

However, in the above-mentioned total heat exchange type ventilator, it is necessary to use a high static pressure fan because the ventilation resistance of the total heat exchange element is large. For this reason, even when there is no difference between indoor and outdoor temperatures such as in the middle season, and there is no need for heat exchange, there is a drawback that the operating noise is increased and noise is generated. Further, even when the indoor temperature is higher than the outdoor temperature during the cooling period, since the total heat exchange is performed, there is a disadvantage that the exhaust heat cannot be exhausted by ventilation.

[0005] Further, since the automatic ventilation operation is performed based on the temperature difference between the indoor temperature and the outdoor temperature as disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 7-4702, the indoor temperature can be made relatively equal to the outdoor temperature relatively quickly. However, the heat accumulated in the walls and fixtures cannot be removed, and the start and stop of the ventilation operation are repeated, so that the outdoor air cannot effectively remove the heat stored in the walls and the like. There was a problem.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a ventilator for supplying and exhausting air in a single unit, which prevents indoor drying in winter and reduces air conditioning load in summer. The present invention provides a ventilating device that performs the following.

[0007]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a ventilator for supplying outdoor air from an air supply passage and exhausting indoor air from an exhaust passage to perform indoor ventilation operation. A supply-side heat exchanger and an exhaust-side heat exchanger that are arranged in the supply path and the exhaust path and perform a heat exchange operation of the passing airflow, respectively.
A thermoelectric element interposed between the supply-side heat exchanger and the exhaust-side heat exchanger and connecting the heat-absorbing part and the heat-dissipating part to both heat exchangers, and one of the exhaust-side heat exchanger and the supply-side heat exchanger And a control means for controlling a fan and a thermoelectric element.

A ventilating apparatus according to a second aspect of the present invention is the ventilation apparatus according to the first aspect, further comprising an indoor temperature sensor and an outdoor temperature sensor for detecting indoor and outdoor air temperatures. The ventilating operation and the heat exchanging operation are performed by the control means in accordance with a change in the temperature difference between the temperature of the outdoor air detected by the outdoor temperature sensor and the temperature of the indoor air detected by the indoor temperature sensor.

A ventilating apparatus according to a third aspect of the present invention is provided with a radiation temperature sensor for detecting an indoor radiation temperature in the second invention, and controlling means when the indoor radiation temperature detected by the radiation temperature sensor is higher than the outdoor temperature. The ventilating operation is performed.

A ventilating apparatus according to a fourth aspect of the present invention is the apparatus according to the third aspect, wherein the control means performs a ventilation operation when both the radiation temperature and the indoor temperature are higher than the outdoor temperature.

[0011]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Embodiment 1 FIG. 1 to FIG. 4 are views showing a ventilator that supplies and exhausts air in one unit according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the structure of the ventilator, FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing the principle configuration of the thermoelectric element of the ventilator, FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of a means for moving the drain, and FIG. FIG. The same reference numerals in the drawings indicate the same or corresponding parts.

In FIG. 1, A is a ventilation device. Ventilation device A constitutes a single unit. Reference numerals 1 and 2 denote an air supply port and an exhaust port of the ventilation device A, both of which are installed on the outer wall of the building and open to the outside. Then, indoor air is exhausted to the outside through the exhaust port 2, and outdoor air is introduced into the indoor through the air supply port 1 to perform ventilation. A motor 5 drives the air supply fan 3 and the exhaust fan 4. Reference numeral 6 denotes a thermoelectric element, 7 denotes a supply-side heat exchanger, and 8 denotes an exhaust-side heat exchanger. The thermoelectric element 6 is interposed between the two heat exchangers 7 and 8, and the heat absorbing portions and the heat radiating portions on both end surfaces are connected to the supply side heat exchanger 7 and the exhaust side heat exchanger 8, respectively. The thermoelectric element 6 itself is a well-known technique, and a typical configuration is shown in FIG.

In FIG. 2, 61 is a semiconductor element constituting the thermoelectric element 6, 62 is a copper electrode, 63 is a ceramic plate, 6
4 is a heat absorbing block, 65 is a heat sink, and 66 is a DC power supply. The N-type and P-type semiconductor elements 61 are cascade-connected in series, and are formed in a plate shape as shown in FIG. When a current is supplied from the DC power supply 66, electrons of the N-type semiconductor and holes of the P-type semiconductor move, and the heat absorbing block 64 is cooled and the heat sink 65 is heated. Further, when the direction of current flow of the DC power supply 66 is changed, the directions of cooling and heating can also be switched.

In FIG. 3, reference numeral 9 denotes a drain tray.
The inside is formed of a porous or net-shaped hygroscopic body.
Although not shown in detail, for example, the inside of the tray 9 is partitioned by a top partition into a ventilation side and an exhaust side, and the lower part is communicated with the above-mentioned moisture absorbing body. Due to the moisture absorption of the partition wall in the receiving tray 9 and the moisture absorbing body, the gas exchange between the supply side and the exhaust side is interrupted, and only the mutual inflow and outflow of the liquid are allowed. Then, in a ventilating operation state described later, the water condensed on the low-temperature side is collected by the tray 9, and the drain collected by the capillary phenomenon via the moisture absorbing body in the moisture absorbing state is changed from the low-temperature side to the high-temperature side (the direction of drying by heat). Side).

In FIG. 4, reference numeral 10 denotes a radiation temperature sensor;
1 is an indoor temperature sensor, and 12 is an outdoor temperature sensor. The radiation temperature sensor 10 is mounted with its light receiving surface exposed to the front of the ventilation device A. Then, infrared rays radiated from the heat source in the visual field are received, and the radiation temperature Tr from the three-dimensional area on the front surface is detected in a non-contact manner. Therefore, it can be considered that the radiation temperature Tr detected by the radiation temperature sensor 10 corresponds to the total amount of heat stored in the room staying in the ceiling, the surrounding wall surface, the interior of the furniture and the fixtures, and the like. Further, the indoor temperature sensor 11 and the outdoor temperature sensor 12 are respectively connected to the indoor temperature T1.
And the outdoor temperature T2. Reference numeral 13 denotes a control circuit of the ventilation device A having the unit configuration, and each of the temperature sensors 10 to 1
Based on the detection signal of No. 2, the control of the automatic ventilation operation is performed by the energizing direction to the thermoelectric element 6, the synchronous ON / OFF operation of the motor 5, and the like.

Next, the operation of the ventilation device A according to the first embodiment will be described. During operation in winter, for example, the outdoor temperature T
2 is 10 ° C. or less or the indoor temperature T1 is 15 ° C. or less is defined as a heating period. If the detected temperature T1 of the outdoor temperature sensor 12 and the indoor temperature sensor 11 is equal to or lower than the defined temperature, the control circuit 13 supplies the thermoelectric element 6 to the supply-side heat exchanger 7.
Is supplied to the high-temperature side (for example, 40 ° C.) and the current of the DC power supply 66 is supplied so that the exhaust-side heat exchanger 8 becomes low-temperature (for example, 5 ° C.). Thereafter, the motor 5 is energized, the exhaust fan 4 rotates, and the air exhausted from the room is cooled by the exhaust-side heat exchanger 8 to condense moisture. The water condensed by the cooling is absorbed by the hygroscopic body of the tray 9. Thereafter, the air that has been dried and has a low temperature by absorbing moisture near the exhaust-side heat exchanger 8 is discharged to the outside through the exhaust port 2.

On the other hand, the rotation of the air supply fan 3 causes the air supply port 1 to rotate.
The low-temperature, low-humidity outdoor air in winter that has passed through the air-supply-side heat exchanger 7. At this time, the temperature of the outdoor air is increased by the air supply side heat exchanger 7 that has received the heat radiation of the thermoelectric element 6, the moisture in the tray 9 is evaporated to increase the humidity, and then the indoor air is introduced indoors. By the ventilation and heat exchange operation in winter as described above, drying of indoor air can be suppressed, and air taken in from outside can be warmed and introduced into the room.

During operation in summer, for example, if the indoor temperature is 26 ° C. or higher, it is defined as summer. If the detected temperature T1 of the indoor temperature sensor 11 is higher than that and the indoor temperature T
When 1 is lower than the outdoor temperature T2, the control circuit 13 supplies electricity to the thermoelectric element 6 from the DC power supply 66 so that the supply-side heat exchanger 7 is at a low temperature and the exhaust-side heat exchanger 8 is at a high temperature. . Thereafter, the motor 5 is energized, and the high-temperature and high-humidity outdoor air passes through the low-temperature air supply-side heat exchanger 7 due to the rotation of the air supply fan 3, and is introduced into the room after being cooled and dehumidified. The moisture of the outdoor air introduced indoors condenses,
It is absorbed in the tray 9. On the other hand, the rotation of the exhaust fan 4 raises the temperature of indoor air in a high-temperature state while passing through the exhaust-side heat exchanger 8, and heats and evaporates the water in the tray 9 before discharging it to the outside. By this operation, it is possible to cool and dehumidify the high-temperature, high-humidity outdoor air in the summer and then introduce the air indoors, thereby reducing the cooling load.

Further, when the operation is stopped in summer, when the indoor temperature sensor 11 determines that summer is in progress and the indoor temperature T1 is higher than the outdoor temperature T2, the following ventilation operation is performed. The radiation temperature sensor 10 detects the indoor radiation temperature Tr, and compares the value Tr with the outdoor temperature T2. If the two temperatures are Tr> T2 and the difference is equal to or greater than a certain value (for example, 2 ° C.), only the motor 5 is energized without energizing the thermoelectric element 6. At this time, outdoor air having a temperature lower than the radiation temperature Tr is introduced indoors, and the radiation temperature Tr decreases. At this time, the current is supplied to the motor 5 so that the temperatures T1 and Tr detected by the indoor temperature sensor 11 and the radiation temperature sensor 10 are equal and T1 = T
r, or until the difference falls below a certain value (for example, 1 ° C.). As a result, in the absence of a resident, etc., the latent heat in the building that was accumulated in the walls and fixtures due to daytime solar radiation, etc., is automatically removed using the air introduced from outside. Become. Therefore, the load at the time of starting the air conditioner can be reduced by the economical ventilation operation with small electric power.

The automatic ventilation operation when T1> T2 when the indoor temperature T1 is higher than the outdoor temperature T2 as described above,
This is also performed when both the radiation temperature Tr and the indoor temperature T1 are higher than the outdoor temperature T2 (Tr> T2) and (T1> T2). In this case, since the ventilation operation is performed based on the two detected temperatures Tr and T1, there is an advantage that an automatic ventilation operation more accurately corresponding to the amount of stored heat indoors can be performed. The determination of the operation of the ventilator A and the comparison of the temperature difference are all controlled by the control circuit 13.

[0021]

The ventilation device according to the first aspect of the present invention provides a fan for performing indoor ventilation, a supply-side heat exchanger and an exhaust-side heat exchanger disposed in a supply passage and an exhaust passage, and a heat exchanger. A ventilator including a thermoelectric element having a heat absorbing part and a heat radiating part connected to an exchanger, a drain moving means for moving a drain between the two heat exchangers, and a control means for controlling a fan and a thermoelectric element was configured. Things. As a result, a small and convenient unit-type ventilator capable of performing the ventilation operation and the heat exchange operation can be provided.

According to the second invention, the indoor temperature sensor and the outdoor temperature sensor are provided in the first invention. The ventilation means and the heat exchange operation are performed by the control means according to the temperature difference between the outdoor air and the indoor air. As a result, the high-temperature and high-humidity outdoor air introduced in the summer is cooled and dehumidified, so that the load of the cooling operation can be reduced.

According to the third aspect, the ventilation operation is performed when the indoor radiation temperature is higher than the outdoor temperature. As a result, cooling can be effectively performed only by ventilation operation until maturation of an indoor wall or the like that has become higher than the outdoor temperature due to solar radiation or the like, and it is possible to eliminate difficulty in falling asleep in a midsummer night. At the same time, the load at the time of starting the air conditioner can be reduced, and an economical ventilation device can be provided by suppressing wasteful consumption of electric power.

Further, the ventilating apparatus according to the fourth invention is characterized in that:
In the third invention, the ventilation operation is performed when both the radiation temperature and the indoor temperature are higher than the outdoor temperature. As a result, a more accurate ventilation operation can be performed than in the third aspect. In addition, the air conditioning load at the time of starting the air conditioner can be further reduced,
A more economical ventilator can be provided.

Thus, according to the present invention, there is provided a unit-type ventilator which is installed in, for example, a private room or the like where a west sun is shining in a building and effectively performs a ventilation operation in cooperation with an air conditioning operation of a main air conditioning system. Can be provided.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a ventilation device according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a typical configuration of a thermoelectric element of the ventilation device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view illustrating an example of a drain moving unit of the ventilation device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing an appearance of the ventilation device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 intake port, 2 exhaust port, 3 air supply fan, 4 exhaust fan, 5 motor, 6 thermoelectric element, 7 air supply side heat exchanger,
Reference Signs List 8 exhaust side heat exchanger, 9 drain pan, 10 radiation temperature sensor, 11 indoor temperature sensor, 12 outdoor temperature sensor, 13 control circuit, 61 semiconductor element, 62 copper electrode, 63 ceramic plate, 64 heat absorbing block, 65
Heat sink, 66 DC power supply, A ventilator, T1
Indoor temperature, T2 outdoor temperature, Tr radiation temperature.

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A fan that supplies outdoor air from an air supply path and exhausts indoor air from an exhaust path to perform indoor ventilation operation, and a fan that is disposed in the air supply path and the exhaust path and has a passing airflow. A supply-side heat exchanger and an exhaust-side heat exchanger for performing a heat exchange operation, and a heat-absorbing part and a heat-dissipating part interposed between the supply-side heat exchanger and the exhaust-side heat exchanger, and And a drain moving means for moving a drain condensed on one of the exhaust side heat exchanger and the supply side heat exchanger to the other, and a control means for controlling the fan and the thermoelectric element. A ventilator characterized by that: 2. An indoor temperature sensor and an outdoor temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of the indoor and outdoor air. A ventilating operation and a heat exchange operation are performed by the control means according to a change in a temperature difference between the temperature of the outdoor air detected by the outdoor temperature sensor and the temperature of the indoor air detected by the indoor temperature sensor. 2. The ventilation device according to claim 1, wherein 3. A radiant temperature sensor for detecting the indoor radiant temperature, wherein a ventilation operation is performed by the control means when the indoor radiant temperature detected by the radiant temperature sensor is higher than the outdoor temperature. 3. The ventilation device according to claim 2, wherein 4. The ventilation device according to claim 3, wherein when both the radiation temperature and the indoor temperature are higher than the outdoor temperature, the control means performs a ventilation operation.