JPH11271032A - Apparatus and method for measuring sectional profile - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To make an angle detector unnecessary and enable shortening measurement time. SOLUTION: This measuring apparatus is provided with a calibration segment 2 which has a specific dimension and is arranged at a constant position in the vicinity of an object to be measured, a range finder guide 4 which has a curved section, reciprocates parallel with a specific base line 10, can contain, in an outward trip, the section of the calibration segment and the section of the object to be measured in this order in a bay via a curved bay port and can bear a plurality of optical range finders 3, and a guide mover 5 which holds the range finder guide and makes it reciprocate parallel with the base line, and has function for calibrating position and angle of each range finder. While angle and position are calibrated only in the outward trip by using calibration segment measurement results, the sectional whole profile of the object to be measured is measured.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an apparatus and a method for measuring a cross-sectional profile, and more particularly to an apparatus for measuring an H-section by using an optical distance meter such as a laser distance meter for measuring the distance to an object in a non-contact manner. The present invention relates to an apparatus and a method for measuring a cross-sectional contour of an object having a complicated cross-sectional shape, such as an intermediate product, with high accuracy.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a technique for measuring the cross-sectional shape and size of a section steel using an optical distance meter, for example, as disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 59-27210, the section steel is surrounded and rotated. , A distance meter attached to the cylinder, an angle detector for detecting the rotation angle of the cylinder, a distance signal to the measuring point of the section steel obtained by the distance meter, and an angle detector There is known a dimension measuring device having an arithmetic unit for inputting an angle signal from a computer and calculating a cross-sectional shape and dimension of the section steel from both signals. This device is intended to simultaneously measure the size and shape of each part on the cross section of a shaped steel by one distance meter and one angle detector.

[0003] Here, an optical range finder is, for example, a device that irradiates a narrowly focused He-Ne laser beam onto the surface of an object, forms an irradiation point on the light receiving surface through an optical lens, and positions the point image. And an instrument that detects the change and measures the distance to the object surface. However, in this device, since one distance meter is fixed on the circumference, even if the circumference is rotated, it is not possible to measure the entire profile of the cross-sectional profile of the shaped steel, and the shape cannot be measured. It cannot be applied to an object to be measured, such as a shaped steel intermediate product, which requires a measured value of the entire contour of the cross-section for quality judgment.

On the other hand, in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 8-327329, a distance meter equipped with an angle detector is provided so as to be able to reciprocate horizontally one at a time above and below a shaped steel, and the angle of the distance meter can be set between the forward path and the return path. Change the distance and angle data to the shaped steel while traveling back and forth, calculate the coordinate values of the cross-sectional profile of the shaped steel from these data, and determine the machine difference between the rangefinders. A method and apparatus have been proposed in which a calibration piece having a known cross-sectional dimension is measured for each measurement, and correction is performed using the measurement result.

According to this, it is possible to measure the entire contour of the cross section of the object to be measured. However, since this device detects the angle of the rangefinder with an angle detector,
There are the following problems. When an angle detector is used, it is difficult to perform synchronization processing with distance data at the time of transferring angle data, and the instrument body and data sampling software are expensive. Since the angle detector travels together with the distance meter, it is affected by impacts, vibrations, deformation of the traveling rail, and the like at the time of traveling, and the relative positional relationship with the distance meter tends to shift, which directly becomes a detection error. The angle detector itself is likely to fail due to the influence of heat or the like, and even if it does not lead to a failure, an error due to it tends to occur. The angle detector takes time to position the mounting to secure the detection accuracy.

In addition, this device has a problem that it takes a long time to measure data because it is necessary to collect data on the outward route and the return route.

[0007]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In view of the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, an object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus and method for measuring a cross-sectional profile which does not require an angle detector and can shorten the measurement time.

[0008]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a cross-sectional contour measuring apparatus using an optical distance meter for measuring a distance to an object in a non-contact manner. The calibration piece arranged at the fixed position provided, and the reciprocating traveling parallel to a predetermined base line having a curved cross-sectional shape, the cross-section of the calibration piece and the cross section of the object to be measured in the forward path in the bay through the curved bay mouth in this order. A distance meter guide configured to be able to carry a plurality of distance meters, and a guide mover for holding the distance meter guide and reciprocating in parallel with the base line, and the position of each distance meter and A cross-sectional profile measuring device (device of the present invention) characterized by having an angle calibration function.

In the apparatus of the present invention, it is preferable that the cross-sectional shape of the distance meter guide is an arc shape, and the guide mover holds the distance meter guide so as to be pivotable. The device according to claim 1. Further, the present invention is a method for measuring a cross-sectional contour of an object to be measured using the device of the present invention, wherein a plurality of distance meters are set in a distance meter guide according to the cross-sectional shape of the object to be measured. During calibration, the distance between the calibration piece and the DUT is measured sequentially by the distance meter during the reciprocating travel, and the angle and position of each distance meter are calibrated from the measured distance of the calibration piece. Calculating a coordinate value of the entire cross-section of the object to be measured from a distance measurement value of the object (method of the present invention)
It is.

[0010]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS As shown in FIG. 1, for example, a device according to the present invention comprises a calibration piece 2 having a predetermined size and arranged at a fixed position provided in close proximity to an object 1 to be measured. It has a cross-sectional shape and can reciprocate in parallel to a predetermined baseline 10 and can accommodate the cross section of the calibration piece and the cross section of the DUT on the outward path in this order via a curved bay mouth in the bay, and can carry a plurality of distance meters 3 It has a configured distance meter guide 4 and a guide mover 5 that holds the distance meter guide 4 and reciprocates in parallel with the base line 10. 6 is attached to the guide mover 5 and the guide mover 5
A reference distance meter 7 measures a baseline component of a distance between the object and the calibration piece 2, and a roller 7 supports the DUT 1. The reference rangefinder 6 may be the same as the rangefinder 3. The distance measurement by the distance meter 3 and the reference distance meter 6 is performed in synchronization.

In this example, the DUT 1 is an intermediate product of an H-section steel, and the distance meter guide 4 carries two distance meters 3 above and below the DUT 1. The mounting position and the angle of each distance meter 3 are set such that the measurement points of the distance meter 3 as a whole scan the entire contour of the cross section of the DUT 1 during forward traveling. In this case, it is preferable to set the angle so that the distance meter 3 on the side of the bay is directed to the far side of the bay, and the distance meter 3 on the far side of the bay is directed toward the side of the bay. Since such setting conditions have a large degree of freedom,
The mounting accuracy of each distance meter 3 is not required to be so strict.

It is necessary to change the target position of each distance meter 3 depending on the shape of the DUT 1. In many cases, however, the mutual positional relationship between the distance meters 3 in the circumferential direction can be preserved. As shown in the figure, if the distance meter guide 4 is formed in an arc shape and is held rotatably by the guide mover 5, the target position of each distance meter 3 can be changed simply by turning the distance meter guide 4, so that measurement is performed. It is preferable because the efficiency can be improved.

According to the method of the present invention, when the range finder guide 4 is made to travel leftward from the right side of the calibration piece 2 by the guide mover 5, the calibration piece 2 enters the bay of the range finder guide 4 first, and then is measured. Since the object 1 enters, the calibration piece 2 is scanned by the distance meter 3 before the object 1 to be measured. Now, as shown in FIG. 2, a calibration piece 2 having a rectangular OABC as a cross-sectional profile in a vertical plane including a base line 10
If the calibration piece 2 is to be scanned forward by the distance meter 3 using the XY coordinate axes as shown in the figure, the scanning path is B → C → O, A → B → C on the far side of the upper bay, A → O → C on the far side of the lower bay, and B → A → O on the far side of the lower bay. At this time, the angle θ of the distance meter 3
Is a distance measurement value between _two measurement points P ₁ and P ₂ arbitrarily selected for each distance meter on the Y-axis parallel side of the calibration piece 2 (on the side OC on the bay entrance side and on the side AB on the back side of the bay). Distance data) L ₁ , L
₂ and synchronous measurement value of the reference distance meter 6 x _1, x ₂ Metropolitan can be calculated by the equation (1). FIG. 2 shows only the range finder on the side of the bay bay.

Θ = cos ⁻¹ {(x ₂ −x ₁ ) / (L ₂ −L ₁ )} (1) That is, in the present invention, each distance meter 3 uses the reference distance meter as the distance data of the calibration piece 2. The angle can be calibrated by using the synchronous measurement value of No. 6; that is, since the angle measurement function is provided, an angle detector is not required. On the other hand, the relative positional relationship between each distance meter 3 and the reference distance meter 6 is constant during traveling, and the X and Y direction components X _C and Y _C of the distance of each distance meter 3 from the reference distance meter 6 are, for example, as shown in FIG. As shown in FIGS. 3 (a) to 3 (d), the final measurement points on the forward path on the calibration piece 2 of the distance meter 3 (point O on the upper bay entrance side and lower bay interior side, point C on the upper bay interior side and lower bay entrance side). and distance data L _C) of the reference distance meter 6 of synchronous measurement value X
It is expressed by the following equation using _O and the Y coordinate value Y _O (known). Note that OA = BC = a and AB = CO = b.

Upper bay entrance side (FIG. 3 (a)): X _C = (X _O + a) + L ₃ × cos θ (2) Y _C = L ₃ × sin θ−Y _O (3) Back side of lower bay (FIG. 3 (b)): X _C = (X _O + a) −L ₃ × cos θ (4) Y _C = L ₃ × sin θ + Y _O (5) Deep side of upper bay (FIG. 3 (c)): X _C = _{(X O + a) -L 3} × cos θ (6) Y C = L 3 × sin θ + (b-Y O) (7) the lower mouth of the bay-side (FIG. _{3 (d)): X C} = (X O + a) + L ₃ × cos θ (8) Y _C = L ₃ × sin θ− (b−Y _O ) (9) In this way, when the calibration piece 2 scans the forward path, the relative position of each distance meter 3 with respect to the reference distance meter 6 (X _C , Y _C ) can be calibrated. That is, the apparatus of the present invention also has a position calibration function for each distance meter 3.

Next, each distance meter 3 performs forward scanning of the DUT 1, and the coordinates (x _P ,
y _P ), the distance data L _P and the synchronous measurement value X _S of the reference distance meter 6, the calibrated angle θ, the relative position (X _C , Y _C ) with respect to the reference distance meter 6, and the Y coordinate of the reference distance meter 6. the value Y _O, 4 for each distance meter 3, because in the geometric relationship shown in FIG. 5, each of the measurement between L _P and X _S, measured using equation (10) to (17) The coordinates of point P (x _P ,
y _P ) can be calculated.

Upper bay entrance side (FIG. 4A): x _P = − {(X _C −a−X _S ) −L _P × cos θ} (10) y _P = (Y _C + Y _O ) −L _P × sin θ (11) Inner side of lower bay (FIG. 4B): x _P = − ｛(X _C −a−X _S ) + L _P × cos θ｝ (12) y _P = − ｛(Y _C − _{Y O) -L P × sin θ} } (13) on Gulf back side (FIG. _{5 (a)): x P} = - {(X C -a-X S) + L P × cos θ} (14) y P = (Y _C + Y _O ) −L _P × sin θ (15) The lower bay entrance side (FIG. 5B): x _P = − {(X _C −a−X _S ) −L _P × cos θ} (16) _{) y P = - {(Y} C -Y O) -L P × sin θ} (17) coordinates (x _P of the measuring point P of the distance measuring instrument every 3, y _P) is high as the value on the same coordinate axis Since the accuracy is calibrated, the sectional partial contour of the DUT 1 can be obtained immediately by merely superimposing the coordinate values of the respective distance meters one by one on the way. The plurality of distance meters 3 are mounted so that each measurement point scans the entire cross-sectional contour of the measured object as a whole during the outbound traveling. can get.

When the left side of equations (2) to (9) is substituted into the corresponding right side of equations (10) to (17), the following equation is obtained. Upper mouth of the _{bay-side: x P = (X S -X} O) + (L P -L 3) × cos θ (18) y P = - (L P -L 3) × sin θ (19) lower bay back side: x _P = (X _S −X _O ) − (L _P −L ₃ ) × cos θ (20) y _P = (L _P −L ₃ ) × sin θ (21) Inner side of upper bay: x _P = (X _S− X _O ) − (L _P −L ₃ ) × cos θ (22) y _P = b− (L _P −L ₃ ) × sin θ (23) Lower bay entrance side: x _P = (X _S −X _O ) + (L _P −L ₃ ) × cos θ (24) y _P = b + (L _P −L ₃ ) × sin θ (25) That is, in the present invention, the calculations of the equations (2) to (9) are omitted. , (1
The coordinates of the measurement point of the object to be measured can be calculated by using the equations (18) to (25) instead of the equations (0) to (17).

Although an example in which two distance meters are arranged above and below the object to be measured has been described, the number of distance meters may be determined as appropriate according to the shape of the object to be measured.

[0020]

EXAMPLE The present invention was applied to an H-section intermediate product production line. As shown in FIG. 1, the configuration of the device was such that the calibration piece had a rectangular cross-section, the rangefinder guide had an arc shape, and this was rotatably supported by a guide mover. An electric motor was used for turning the rangefinder guide. Two distance meters were provided above and below the object to be measured, and the positions and angles at which the measurement points could scan the entire contour of the object to be measured during forward traveling were selected and attached to the distance meter guide. Laser rangefinders were used as the rangefinder and the reference rangefinder.

As described above, the angle θ of each distance meter is calculated from the distance data obtained by first scanning the calibration piece only on the outward path, and the distance data L _P and the distance data L of the measurement point P on the object to be measured are calculated. by the synchronous measurement value X _S of the reference distance meter (18) to (25) below to calculate the coordinates of the measurement points was measured sectional full contour of the object by superimposing measuring point coordinate according to the rangefinder. further,
Based on the contour measurement data, an arithmetic unit (not shown) was used to automatically calculate the flange thickness, flange width, web thickness, web height, leg length, center deviation, and the like of the H-section steel.

As a result, the time required for installing the distance meter is reduced by about 50% compared with the time when the angle was detected using the angle detector, and the zero point adjustment of the angle detector was insufficient and the angle was erroneously recognized. There is no misalignment of the cross-section profile,
Also, software for capturing and synchronizing angle data, which was necessary when using the angle detector, is no longer necessary. In addition, since the measurement on the return path is not required, the traveling speed on the return path can be increased, and the time required for the measurement is reduced by about 30% as compared with the conventional technique in which the measurement is performed on both the forward path and the return path.

[0023]

As described above, according to the present invention, the entire cross-sectional contour of an object to be measured having a complicated cross-sectional shape such as a shaped steel can be obtained without using an angle detector which is difficult in terms of cost and mounting adjustment. This provides an excellent effect that measurement can be performed with high accuracy and in a shorter time than before.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing a configuration of a device of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing a method for calibrating an angle of a range finder.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory view showing a relative position calibration method of the range finder.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing a method of calculating coordinates of a measurement point.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing a method of calculating coordinates of a measurement point.

[Description of Signs] 1 DUT 2 Calibration strip 3 Distance meter 4 Distance meter guide 5 Guide mover 6 Reference distance meter 7 Roller 10 Base line

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A cross-sectional contour measuring apparatus using an optical distance meter for measuring a distance to an object in a non-contact manner, wherein the cross-sectional contour measuring apparatus has a predetermined size and is arranged at a fixed position provided close to an object to be measured. The calibration piece and the curved cross-sectional shape have a cross-sectional shape, and can reciprocate in parallel to a predetermined base line, and can accommodate the cross-section of the calibration piece and the cross-section of the DUT on the outward path in this order through the curved bay mouth in the bay, and at a plurality of distances. A distance meter guide configured to be able to carry the distance meter, and a guide mover that holds the distance meter guide and reciprocates in parallel to the base line, and has a position and angle calibration function for each distance meter. Characteristic cross-section profile measurement device. 2. The device according to claim 1, wherein the cross-sectional shape of the rangefinder guide is arc-shaped, and the guide mover holds the rangefinder guide in a pivotable manner. 3. A method for measuring a cross-sectional contour of an object to be measured using the apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a plurality of distance meters are set in a distance meter guide according to the cross-sectional shape of the object to be measured. The distance and distance between the calibration piece and the DUT are measured sequentially with the distance meter during forward and backward traveling of the reciprocating travel, and the angle and position of each distance meter are calibrated from the measured distance of the calibration piece. A cross-sectional contour measuring method, comprising calculating coordinate values of the entire cross-section of the cross-section of the measured object from the measured values and the distance measurement values of the measured object.