JPH11226824A - Disassembly and separation method for product made of composite material - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To easily separate a metallic part from a non-metallic part by placing a product under extremely low temperature atmosphere obtained by liquefied inactive gas and separating both of them by utilizing a difference in shrinkage rate of the metallic part of which temperature drops to separate the metallic part therefrom. SOLUTION: Liquefied inactive gas G is filled in a treatment layer 1, and a netlike recovery basket 2 made of stainless steel for recovering destructed pieces is arranged inside the treatment layer. On the other hand, a product R is put in a treatment basket 3, and this basket 3 is sunk on the recovery basket 2 in the treatment layer 1 to bring the product R into contact with the liquefied inactive gas G. As a result, a non-metallic part P of the product R is intensely shrunk against a metallic part M having low shrinkage rate in a process up to an extremely low temperature, is self-destructed, and comes off from the metallic part, and the destructed piece passes a mesh of the treatment basket 3 and is received by the recovery basket 2.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for separating and recovering a metal part by disassembling a product combining a metal part and a non-metal part for recycling.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art For example, a roller in which rubber is wound around a metal shaft used in OA equipment such as a copying machine and a printer, and a chassis of electric equipment covered with a resin.
2. Description of the Related Art In various devices of today, a product composed of a composite of a metal part and a non-metal part is frequently used as a part thereof. These products are then disposed of with the life of the equipment in which they are incorporated, but some of the metal parts in the products can be recycled. Further, in the manufacturing process of the product, when there is a defect in the molding of the non-metal part, there is a waste that the whole product becomes unusable as a result, although there is no problem in the metal part. Under the circumstances described above, a technique for separating and collecting the metal part of such a product has been desired.

[0003] The following three methods are supposed to separate and recover a metal portion from a composite product of a metal portion and a non-metal portion by a conventionally known technique. A method in which by burning a product, only a non-metal portion having a melting temperature much lower than that of a metal portion is melted and a metal portion is taken out. A method in which a non-metallic part that is more brittle than a metallic part is destroyed by applying a physical external force such as a blow to the product, and the metallic part is taken out. A method of immersing a product in a chemical solution having the property of dissolving only the non-metallic part, thereby dissolving only the non-metallic part and taking out the metallic part.

[0004]

However, in this case, the separated and recovered metal portion is not melted and reused as a raw material, but the separated and recovered metal portion is regenerated as it is (a semi-finished product). In this regard, the above-described methods that may damage metal parts cannot be adopted in this regard. That is, in the above method, although the metal portion does not melt, there is a possibility that the metal portion is deformed by high temperature.Also, in the above method, the metal portion is not destroyed but may be deformed by an external force. Was spoiled.

[0005] On the other hand, the above-mentioned method does not cause the above-mentioned problems, but causes the following problems. If the volume of the non-metal part is larger than the metal part,
It takes a long time to dissolve non-metallic parts, resulting in poor work efficiency. This produces a waste liquid that must be treated as industrial waste. Since the non-metal portion is dissolved with the chemical solution, the non-metal portion cannot be reused as a raw material.

[0006]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, and enables non-metal parts to be separated and recovered intact in a very short working time. The purpose is to provide a way to: That is, in the separation and recovery method of the present invention, when disassembling and separating and recovering a metal part by disassembling a product made of a composite of a metal part and a non-metal part, the product is placed in a cryogenic atmosphere obtained by a liquefied inert gas, The metal part is separated by separating the metal part and the non-metal part by using the difference in shrinkage ratio between the metal part and the metal part.

[0007]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION The inventor of the present invention has conducted various studies to achieve the above-mentioned objects, and has found that a metal part and a non-metallic part are placed in a cryogenic atmosphere obtained from a liquefied inert gas such as liquefied nitrogen or liquefied helium. By placing a product that combines parts,
The metal part was successfully separated and recovered from the non-metal part with little damage.

In this case, when a non-metal portion such as a synthetic resin, rubber, or elastomer is adhered or adhered to the outside of the metal portion so as to surround the metal portion, the shrinkage rate is low in the process of reaching an extremely low temperature. These materials, which have a high shrinkage ratio with respect to the metal portion, violently shrink, causing distortion, self-destruction, and falling off from the metal portion. Also, even when the non-metallic part is pressed or adhered to the inside of the metallic part, in the process of reaching the extremely low temperature, those having a high shrinkage relative to the metallic part having a low shrinkage violently shrink, so that the non-metallic part contracts with the metallic part. There is a gap between them and they fall off.

On the other hand, in the above case, if the non-metal portion does not fall off the metal portion for some reason,
By applying an impact that does not affect the metal part,
Non-metallic parts that are brittle due to shrinkage are easily broken and fall off.

Although the present invention can be applied to all products composed of a composite of a metal part and a non-metal part, the fields of application which are considered to be particularly useful from the viewpoint of recycling are as follows. Peeling of paint film Regeneration of paint jigs with paint, regeneration of paint products to non-painted state, regeneration of plating jigs with plating. Separation of metal parts with synthetic resin, rubber, elastomer, etc. interpolated or extrapolated Regeneration of various rollers, gears, counters, chassis of electrical equipment, etc. Crushing / separation / recovery of waste Crushing / separation / recovery of toner sets and drum sets for copiers and laser printers.

[0011]

1 and 2 show an example of an embodiment of the method according to the present invention. The processing tank 1 is filled with a liquefied inert gas (in this case, liquefied nitrogen is used) G, and a stainless steel net-like collection basket 2 for collecting broken pieces is disposed inside the processing tank. On the other hand, the product R (here, a metal part-
A roller in which a non-metal part-rubber-P is extrapolated on the surface of the shaft-M is assumed. ) Is placed on a processing basket 3 having a mesh that does not allow the product to fall even if the broken pieces are allowed to fall, and the basket 3 is submerged on the collection basket 2 in the processing tank 1 to liquefy the product R. Contact with inert gas G.

As a result, as described above, in the process of reaching the extremely low temperature, the nonmetallic portion P of the product R self-destroys by violently shrinking with respect to the metal portion M having a low shrinkage, and falls off from the metal portion. The debris passes through the mesh of the processing basket 3 and is received by the collection basket 2.

In this case, an impact may be applied to the product R to such an extent that the metal portion M is not affected. As a specific example of the impact, for example, the collection basket 2 is swung up and down and left and right to cause the product R to collide with the inner wall,
Is raised once, and a light blow is applied to the product R. This method is effective when the non-metal portion P does not fall off the metal portion M for some reason.

[0014]

The present invention having the above configuration has the following specific effects. Conventionally, separation of a metal portion and a non-metal portion, which has been difficult to separate, can be easily performed in a short time. In this case, since the metal portion is not damaged, the expensive metal portion can be recycled, and a separation method that is effective not only for recycling used products but also for recycling defective products is realized. Since the non-metal portion is separated without using a chemical solution, it can be dissolved and reused as a raw material, and resources can be effectively used.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of steps for carrying out a disassembly / separation method of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of steps for carrying out the disassembly and separation method of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 R Product M Metal part P Non-metal part G Inert liquefied gas 1 Processing tank 2 Recovery basket 3 Processing basket

Claims (2)

[Claims] In disassembling a product comprising a composite of a metal portion and a non-metal portion to separate and recover the metal portion, the product is placed in a cryogenic atmosphere obtained by a liquefied inert gas,
A disassembly / separation method for a product made of a composite material, wherein a metal part is separated by separating a metal part and a non-metal part whose temperature has dropped by using a difference in shrinkage ratio between the two parts. 2. The method of disassembling and separating a product made of a composite material according to claim 1, wherein a shock is applied to the product upon separation.