JPH11226538A - Waste plastic treatment apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an apparatus capable of making a countermeasure for post treatment unnecessary and prolonging the life of landfilling disposal site by decreasing the volume of waste plastics in a non-heating manner. SOLUTION: This apparatus is used in the case of discarding waste plastics and landfilling with waste plastics and comprises a crusher 3 for crushing waste plastics 1, a dust collector 6 and a pneumatic transporting pipe 7 constituting an apparatus for sucking the crushed matter 4, and a vacuum volume-decreasing apparatus 10 in which the sucked crushed matter 4 is put in a one end-opened bag-type sheet 9, the gas in the inside of the bag-type sheet 9 is discharged, and the open part of the bag-type sheet 9 is closed.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a waste plastic processing apparatus for reducing the volume of waste plastic and disposing of the waste landfill.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Plastic waste includes industrial waste discharged in various industries and distribution processes, and general waste discharged at home. In particular, general waste is difficult to recycle due to the inclusion of various shapes and components, foreign substances, and dirt, and is generally disposed of in landfills. In recent years, the space of landfills has been drastically reduced, and there is an increasing demand for extending the life of the landfills and reducing the amount of waste plastics landfilled. For this reason, there has been devised a device for solidifying and reducing the volume of waste plastic to extend the life of a landfill site.

[0003] The existing solidifying devices generally include a screw extrusion type, a hot bind type (compression / melting type), a melting / compressing machine, etc. The basic principle of solidification is to compress a plastic and heat and melt it. In This type of solidifying device is described in, for example, "Waste Disposal and Recycling", pp. 436-439, published by the Dictionary of Industrial Research Institute, Inc.

[0004]

The problems of the prior art are, for example, the deterioration of the working environment due to the odor at the time of heating and reducing the volume of the waste plastic, and the fire after the heat-reduced material is landfilled. In particular, in order to solve the latter problem, there is a case where the heat-reduced material is once cooled with water and disposed of. In this case, the life extension of the disposal site is reduced by the expansion of the reduced volume (reduction of the volume reduction ratio) It is necessary to take measures that take into account the effects on groundwater after landfilling with water-reduced volume-reduced materials and the treatment of water used for water cooling.

An object of the present invention is to provide a processing apparatus capable of preventing post-treatment measures beforehand by reducing the volume of waste plastic by non-heating and extending the life of a landfill disposal site.

[0006]

When the waste plastic is landfilled, the above-mentioned processing apparatus has a crusher for crushing the waste plastic, a device for sucking the crushed material, and one end of the crushed material sucked. This can be attained by providing a device for storing in a bag-like sheet, extracting gas inside the bag-like sheet, and sealing an open portion of the bag-like sheet.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided the apparatus according to the first aspect, further comprising an apparatus for further pulverizing the crushed material.

[0008] The apparatus according to the third aspect can be achieved by setting the material of the bag-like sheet to low-density polyethylene and setting the bag thickness to 0.15 mm or more.

The device according to the fourth aspect can be achieved by using a biodegradable plastic as the material of the bag-like sheet.

The apparatus according to claims 5 to 7 can be achieved by limiting the particle size of the waste plastic treated by the crusher or the crusher.

[0011] The apparatus according to claim 8 can be achieved by setting the degree of vacuum inside the sheet in the range of about 13.3 Pa to about 133.3 Pa.

Waste plastics of general wastes which are packed and discharged from households in bags are made of bags such as vinyl, trays, cups, bottles and the like. They are transported to a landfill site by a waste plastic collection vehicle or the like, and supplied to, for example, a hopper on a twin-screw crusher. The supplied waste plastic is crushed by a twin-screw crusher and carried out to the next step by a conveyor such as a belt conveyor. The relatively light and bulky crushed materials among the crushed materials carried out are sucked by a pneumatic transportation pipe connected to the dust collector by using a dust collector as a wind power source, and other heavy materials (such as bulky, heavy plastics and bottles). Foreign matter such as lid)
Are separated and collected in a container or the like downstream of the transport device. The sucked lightweight material is temporarily stored in the dust collector, and is discharged downward by a fixed-quantity supply device such as a rotary valve installed below the dust collector. The light-weight object discharged by the fixed-quantity feeding device is stored in a bag-shaped sheet provided at the lower part of the fixed-quantity feeding device. on the other hand,
When a predetermined amount of the lightweight material is supplied to the bag-like sheet, the inside of the bag-like sheet is evacuated by a device for extracting gas (air) inside the bag-like sheet, and the bag-like sheet is opened. Seal the part. Due to these effects, voids between crushed materials are reduced, which has the effect of reducing the volume of bulky plastic, and a series of treatments can be performed without heating, so there is no need to worry about fire and the accompanying water treatment etc. Becomes In addition, since a vacuum state is provided, a sanitary environment can be maintained without odor or corrosion of waste.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, the volume reduction rate is increased by further reducing the size of the crushed material stored in the dust collector using a crusher or the like.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, the material of the bag-like sheet is low-density polyethylene and the thickness of the bag is 0.15.
When the thickness is not less than mm, the bag can be relatively inexpensive and can prevent damage to the bag due to crushed pieces of the content or protrusions of the crushed piece, and can maintain the vacuum and reduce the volume.

According to the configuration of claim 4, the material of the bag-like sheet is made of biodegradable plastic, so that new waste such as a bag packing a landfill disposal product is decomposed in the soil,
Eventually, only what should actually be discarded will be.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, the particle size of the waste plastic treated by the crusher or the crusher is limited. Increase.

According to the structure of the eighth aspect, by setting the degree of vacuum inside the sheet in the range of about 13.3 Pa to about 133.3 Pa, the volume reduction effect can be maintained and processing can be performed in a short time. Becomes possible.

[0018]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing one embodiment of a waste plastic processing apparatus according to the present invention. In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes waste plastic of general waste that is packed and discharged from a household in a bag shape, 2 denotes a hopper for supplying waste plastic 1, 3
Is a crushed material that crushes the supplied waste plastic 1, for example, a biaxial crusher, 4 is a crushed material crushed by the biaxial crusher 3, and 4a is a relatively light and bulky light crushed material (bags, trays) of the crushed material 4. , Cups, bottles, etc.), 4b is a crushed material (for example, a bulky, heavy plastic or a foreign matter such as a bottle lid), and 5 is a conveyor such as a belt conveyor for conveying the crushed material 4 to the next process. The apparatus, 6 is a dust collector equipped with a temporary storage hopper as a wind source for collecting lightweight crushed material 4a, and 7 is a transporter 5
A pneumatic transport pipe connected to the dust collector 6 and installed at the downstream upper part of the apparatus, 8 is a quantitative supply device such as a rotary valve installed at the lower part of the dust collector 6, and 9 is a light-weight crushed material 4a discharged from the quantitative supply device 8. A bag-like sheet 10 that can be stored and is made of polyethylene, biodegradable plastic, or the like is a device that reduces the volume of the bag-like sheet 9 by vacuum. The vacuum volume reducing device 10 includes an underframe 10a, a supporting device 10b for the bag-like sheet 9, and a device 10d for evacuating the inside of the bag-like sheet 9 when a predetermined amount of the light crushed material 4a is supplied, and an upper end opening of the bag-like sheet 9. It comprises a device 10c for sealing the part.

Next, the operation of this embodiment will be described. The waste plastic 1 is composed of bags such as vinyl, trays, cups, bottles and the like. These are carried to a landfill site by a waste plastic collection vehicle or the like, and supplied to, for example, a hopper 2 on a twin-screw crusher 3. The supplied waste plastic 1 is crushed by the twin-screw crusher 3 and carried out to the next step by the transfer device 5.
Of the crushed materials 4 carried out, the lightly crushed material 4a is separated and collected by the dust collector 6 via the air transport pipe 7, and the other heavy crushed materials 4b are separated and collected in a collection container downstream of the belt conveyor. The sucked lightweight crushed material 4a is temporarily stored in the dust collector 6, and is discharged downward by the quantitative supply device 8 installed below the dust collector 6. The light-weight crushed material 4a discharged by the fixed-quantity supply device 8 is placed in the lower part of the fixed-quantity supply device 8, and stored in the bag-like sheet 9 stably supported by the support device 10b of the vacuum volume reduction device 10. On the other hand, when a predetermined amount of the lightly crushed material 4a is supplied to the bag-like sheet 9, an apparatus 10 for sealing the open upper end of the bag-like sheet 9 is provided.
“c” turns 90 degrees about one of the columns of the underframe 10 a as a fulcrum, and clamps the bag-like sheet 9. Thereafter, the vacuum device 10d extracts the gas (air) from the inside of the bag-like sheet 9, makes the inside of the bag-like sheet a vacuum state, and seals the open portion of the bag-like sheet with the sealing device 10c. The vacuum volume reducing device 10 is, for example, a vacuum packaging machine AVP-2000 commercialized by Nishihara Seisakusho or an apparatus described in JP-A-6-144401.
A seat closing method disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2-152624 can be used. The degree of vacuum inside the bag-like sheet 9 is 1
The range is preferably from 3.3 to 133.3 Pa, and the thickness of the bag-like sheet 9 made of commercially available low-density polyethylene is required to be 0.15 mm or more.

As a result, the voids between the crushed materials are reduced, which has the effect of reducing the volume of bulky plastic.
Since a series of treatments can be performed without heating, there is no need to worry about fire and no need for water treatment or the like. In addition, since a vacuum state is provided, a sanitary environment can be maintained without odor or corrosion of waste.

If the material of the bag-like sheet 9 is a biodegradable plastic, the bag-like sheet 9 in which the landfill disposal product is packed is packed.
New waste such as decomposes in the soil and eventually becomes only what should actually be disposed of.

Next, another embodiment of the waste plastic processing apparatus according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. Reference numeral 11 denotes a screw feeder which is connected to the fixed-quantity supply device 8 and conveys the lightly crushed material 4a to the next step. Reference numeral 12 denotes a crusher for crushing the lightly crushed material 4a conveyed by the screw feeder 11.
Is a pulverized material processed by the pulverizer 12. Other symbols are the same as those of the embodiment of FIG. 1, and the difference from the embodiment of FIG. 1 is that the lightweight crushed material 4 a stored in the bag-like sheet 9 is the crushed material 1.
That's three. Thereby, by further reducing the weight of the lightweight crushed material 4a by the crusher, the volume reduction rate can be increased and the life of the landfill can be extended.

Next, the structure of claims 5 to 7 is a twin-screw crusher 3.
Alternatively, the particle size of the lightweight crushed material 4a processed by the crusher 12 is limited. Of the waste plastics 1, particularly bulky ones are trays, cups, bottles and the like. This is due to the fact that trays, cups, bottles, and the like have a box shape, particularly due to the bent portion at the bottom. Thus, the result of an experiment on the relationship between the crushed (or crushed) particle size and the bulk density (FIG. 3)
), The bulk density tended to increase sharply from a crushed particle size of about 10 mm or less. Also, relatively small objects such as trays, cups, bottles, etc. have a small bottom bending ratio, preferably in the range of about 5 mm to about 0.5 mm, more preferably in the range of about 1 mm to about 0.5 mm. By doing so, it is effective to increase the volume reduction rate and extend the life of the landfill. It should be noted that, for a product having a crushed particle size of 0.5 mm or less, it is thought that there is an effect of reducing the volume if the crushed particle size is within a visible range. There is no significant difference in the volume reduction rate, and conversely, it is not industrially useful from the viewpoint of the initial cost and running cost of the crushing (crushing) machine due to the increase in crushing energy.

[0025]

According to the present invention, the effect of reducing the volume of bulky plastic can be extended to extend the life of the landfill, and a series of treatments can be performed without heating, so that there is no fear of fire and The accompanying water cooling process becomes unnecessary. In addition, since a vacuum state is provided, a sanitary environment can be maintained without odor and waste corrosion.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram showing one embodiment of a waste plastic processing apparatus according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram showing another embodiment of a waste plastic processing apparatus according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a characteristic diagram showing a relationship between a crushed particle size and a bulk density according to an example of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 ... waste plastic, 2 ... hopper, 3 ... biaxial crusher, 4
… Crushed material, 4a… Light weight crushed material, 4b… Weight crushed material, 5…
Conveying device, 6: dust collector, 7: pneumatic transport tube, 8: fixed amount supply device, 9: bag-shaped sheet, 10: vacuum volume reducing device, 11: screw feeder, 12: crusher, 13: crushed material.

Claims (8)

[Claims] In a pretreatment for landfill disposal of waste plastic, a crusher for crushing waste plastic, a device for sucking the crushed material, and a bag-like sheet open at one end for the sucked crushed material And a device for removing gas from the bag-shaped sheet and sealing an open portion of the bag-shaped sheet. 2. A pre-treatment for landfill disposal of waste plastic, a crusher for crushing waste plastic, a device for sucking the crushed material, a device for further crushing the sucked crushed material, Characterized by comprising a device for accommodating in a bag-like sheet having one open end, extracting gas from the inside of the bag-like sheet, and sealing an open portion of the bag-like sheet. 3. The waste plastic processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the material of the bag-like sheet is preferably low-density polyethylene and the bag thickness is 0.15 mm or more. Processing equipment. 4. The apparatus for treating waste plastic according to claim 1, wherein the material of said bag-shaped sheet is preferably biodegradable plastic. 5. The waste plastic processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the crushed material has a particle size of about 10 mm in diameter.
A waste plastic processing apparatus characterized in that it is a small piece of about 0.5 mm. 6. An apparatus for treating waste plastic according to claim 1 or 2, wherein said crushed material is preferably a small piece having a diameter of about 5 mm to about 0.5 mm. . 7. An apparatus for treating waste plastic according to claim 1 or 2, wherein said crushed material is preferably a small piece having a diameter of about 1 mm to about 0.5 mm. . 8. The apparatus for treating waste plastic according to claim 1, wherein the degree of vacuum inside the bag-like sheet is about 1%.
An apparatus for treating waste plastic, wherein the pressure ranges from 3.3 Pa to about 133.3 Pa.