JPH11223323A - Waste incinerator and waste incinerating method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To reduce a fuel consumption and permit the incineration of incombustible waste as well as the complete combustion of harmful substance at a high temperature by a method wherein a heat storage burner mechanism, generating high-temperature air, is attached to the main body of an incinerator. SOLUTION: A heat storage burner mechanism 2 is attached to the main body 1 of an incinerator. The heat storage burner mechanism 2 effects intermittent ignition and combustion by a method wherein burners 4, 5 are provided in a combustion chamber 3 and are connected to a fuel and combustion air pipe 6 through branch pipes 7, 8, while fuel is supplied alternately to the burners 4, 5 by a switching valve 9. In the heat storage burner mechanism 2, combustion gas, generated in the burner 5, is discharged to the outside of the incinerator by an exhaust gas blower 17 through a pipeline 13, a four-way switching valve 14 and a discharging pipe 15 while heating the heat storage body 11. On the other hand, air for combustion is supplemented by a suction air blower 18 into the combustion chamber 3 through a suction pipe 16, the four-way switching valve 14, another pipeline 12 and the heat storage body 10.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a waste material containing a large amount of water or harmful substances such as kitchen waste and medical waste, and capable of incinerating flame-retardant waste that requires complete combustion at high temperatures. It relates to an incinerator and a waste incineration method.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Wastes include flammable wastes with low moisture, kitchen wastes, medical wastes and other watery wastes, and flame-retardant wastes that are difficult to burn. Are roughly divided into Further, when harmful substances are contained in medical wastes or the like, complete combustion at higher temperatures is required.

[0003] The following publications are disclosed as prior art of the waste incinerator for the flammable waste and the flame-retardant waste.

The invention disclosed in Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 3-104619 discloses an incinerator having a two-stage type incinerator, a combustion burner installed at the top and bottom, and flammable waste being burned at the lower part, thereby producing a flame-retardant waste. In the upper stage.

Further, the invention disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 5-93512 discloses a method in which the upper and lower sections are communicated with a flue, a flame-retardant waste is placed in the upper section, a flammable waste is placed in the lower section, and the upper section is provided in the upper section. A combustion burner is used to supply combustion air to each of the upper and lower stages for incineration.

[0006]

However, in the invention of Japanese Utility Model Application Laid-Open No. 3-104619 and Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 5-93512, a normal combustion burner is used.
There is a problem that the temperature in the furnace becomes uneven and a large amount of fuel is required.

Further, when incinerating waste containing harmful substances, the combustion is unstable or the temperature in the furnace becomes uneven, so that the harmful substance values and the complete combustion of harmful gases are insufficient. Become.

[0008] The present invention requires less fuel consumption, not only flammable waste, but also flame-retardant waste, and furthermore, can completely burn harmful substances at high temperatures. An object of the present invention is to provide an incinerator and a waste incineration method.

[0009]

A first means for solving the above-mentioned problems is a waste incinerator characterized by mounting a heat storage burner mechanism for generating high-temperature air on an incinerator main body.

A second means for solving the above-mentioned problem is a waste incineration method characterized by blowing an oxygen-containing gas at 800 ° C. or higher into a combustion chamber of an incinerator.

A waste incinerator characterized in that a heat storage burner mechanism is attached to the incinerator main body.

According to the first means, since the high-temperature air of 800 to 1000 ° C. generated by the heat storage burner mechanism is blown into the incinerator, the temperature in the furnace becomes uniformly high and the flame-retardant waste is easily produced. Incinerated. Further, since the combustion is stabilized by the high-temperature air combustion and the high temperature is always maintained, the complete combustion of the harmful substance is reliably performed. Furthermore, since the heat storage burner mechanism is used, the amount of heat generated by the combustion of the waste can be recovered, which is more efficient. Further, fuel consumption can be reduced.

According to the second means, since the oxygen-containing gas at 800 ° C. or higher is blown into the combustion chamber of the incinerator, the water evaporates quickly, and the equipment becomes highly efficient and compact.

[0014]

FIG. 1 is a side view of a waste incinerator according to the present invention. Reference numeral 1 denotes an incinerator main body, and a heat storage burner mechanism 2 is attached to the incinerator main body 1. A is waste, B is
Is a combustion chamber of the incinerator body 1. Reference numeral 1a denotes a grate having air permeability on which the waste A is placed.

The heat storage burner mechanism 2 is provided with burners 4 and 5 in a combustion chamber 3, and fuel and combustion air pipes 6 are connected to the burners 4 and 5 via branch pipes 7 and 8. Intermittent ignition and combustion are performed by alternately supplying fuel to the burners 4 and 5. Heat storage bodies 10 and 11 are provided at the end of the combustion chamber 3, and pipes 12 and 13 are connected to the heat storage bodies 10 and 11, respectively.
The pipes 12 and 13 are connected to a discharge pipe 15 through a four-way switching valve 14.
And a suction pipe 16. Reference numeral 17 denotes an exhaust blower, reference numeral 18 denotes an intake blower, and reference numeral 19 denotes a combustion air supply pipe for supplying high-temperature combustion air generated by the heat storage burner mechanism 2 into the incinerator main body 1. Reference numeral 20 denotes an exhaust gas discharge port, and the exhaust gas is subjected to a detoxification treatment as required in the next step. Reference numeral 21 denotes a combustion air blower, and auxiliary air is supplied to the upper or lower part of the grate 1a by valves 23 and 24 via a pipe 22. Since the auxiliary air is at normal temperature, it is possible to easily adjust the furnace temperature above and below the grate.

Next, the operation of the heat storage burner mechanism 2 will be described. The combustion gas generated by the burner 5 is discharged from the exhaust blower 1.
While being heated by the heat storage element 7, the heat storage element 11 is discharged to the outside through the pipe 13, the four-way switching valve 14, and the discharge pipe 15. on the other hand,
The air for combustion passes through the suction pipe 16, the four-way switching valve 14, the pipe 12, and the heat storage 10 by the intake blower 18, enters the combustion chamber 3, and is supplied with air for combustion.

Next, the burner 4 is ignited, the burner 5 is stopped, and the air from the suction blower 18 is sent to the regenerator 11 by switching the four-way switching valve 14. Is heated, the inside of the combustion chamber 3 is heated, and the heated exhaust gas from the burner 4 heats the heat storage body 10 and is discharged from the pipe 12 and the discharge pipe 15 to the outside. By repeating the above operation alternately in a short time of about 30 seconds, the combustion air heated from 800 ° C. to about 1000 ° C. is incinerated through a combustion air supply pipe 19 via a switching valve (not shown). It is fed to the combustion chamber B in the furnace main body 1 and the internal flame retardant waste and / or flammable waste A
To incinerate.

As described above, 800 generated by the heat storage burner
Combustion chamber B in the incinerator body 1
Therefore, the temperature in the furnace is equalized to a high temperature, and the flame-retardant waste is rapidly burned. The temperature of the hot air can be adjusted by the amount of fuel, and may be lower depending on the waste to be incinerated.

Further, since the heat storage burner is used, there is an advantage that the heating efficiency is high and a small amount of fuel is required.

FIG. 2 is a side view of a waste incinerator according to another embodiment of the present invention, in which a combustion air supply pipe 19 of a heat storage burner mechanism 2 is piped below a grate 1a. In this mode, high-temperature air is supplied. In this case, when the flow of the high-temperature air is upward from the bottom and the waste A spreads over the entire surface of the grate 1a and the air permeability is poor, the gas in the furnace easily flows and the incineration can be performed efficiently.

FIG. 3 is a side view of a waste incinerator showing another embodiment of the present invention, wherein 1 is an incinerator main body, 1a is a grate, and the incinerator main body 1 above the grate 1a. The burners 4, 5 of the heat storage burner mechanism 2 and the heat storage bodies 10, 1
The combustion chamber of the heat storage burner mechanism 2 is also used as the combustion chamber B of the incinerator main body 1.

The operation of the heat storage burner mechanism 2 is the same as described above, and the combustion gas generated by the burner 5 is supplied to the exhaust blower 17.
While the heat storage body 11 is heated, the heat is discharged to the outside through the pipe 13, the four-way switching valve 14, and the discharge pipe 15. On the other hand, air for combustion passes through the suction pipe 16, the four-way switching valve 14, the pipe 12, and the heat storage body 10 by the intake blower 18, enters the combustion chamber B of the incinerator main body 1, and is supplied with combustion air. .

Next, the burner 4 is ignited, the burner 5 is stopped, and the air from the suction blower 18 is sent to the regenerator 11 by switching the four-way switching valve 14. Is heated, the temperature inside the combustion chamber B of the incinerator main body 1 is increased, and the heated exhaust gas from the burner 4
The heat storage body 10 is heated and discharged to the outside through the pipe 12 and the discharge pipe 15. By repeating the above operation alternately in a short time of about 30 seconds, the temperature in the combustion chamber B of the incinerator body 1 is raised from 800 ° C. to about 1000 ° C., and the internal flame-retardant waste and / or flammable Incinerator waste A,
The ash falls below the grate 1a. In order to heat the lower surface of the waste A, an auxiliary blower 21 is provided in the lower combustion chamber of the grate 1a.
And an auxiliary combustion burner (not shown).

According to this embodiment, since the combustion chamber of the heat storage burner and the combustion chamber of the incinerator main body are also used, the structure is simplified and the equipment cost is low.

Further, compared with a method of preheating at room temperature to 200 to 300 ° C. and burning by blowing air, 800 to 10
Since it is high temperature air of 00 ° C, the moisture of waste A evaporates quickly, and the incineration combustion efficiency can be increased. If the incineration combustion efficiency is the same as the conventional efficiency, the equipment must be downsized. Can be.

Also, since a heat storage burner mechanism is used,
The low fuel cost is the same as in the above-described embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a side view of a waste incinerator showing another embodiment of the present invention, in which burners 4, 5 and heat storage bodies 10, 11 of a heat storage burner mechanism 2 are shifted above and below a grate 1a. The combustion chamber of the heat storage burner mechanism 2 is also used as the combustion chamber B of the incinerator main body 1 as in the embodiment of FIG.

According to this embodiment, in addition to the effects of the above-described embodiment, the waste A is further uniformly heated and burned from above and below, so that the combustion efficiency can be further improved. It is.

[0029]

As described above, the present invention has the advantages that fuel costs can be saved and equipment costs are low.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view of a waste incinerator according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a side view according to another embodiment of the waste incinerator of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a side view according to another embodiment of the waste incinerator of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a side view according to another embodiment of the waste incinerator of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Incinerator main body 2 Heat storage burner mechanism 3 Combustion chamber (heat storage burner) 4 Burner 5 Burner 6 Fuel and combustion air pipe 7 Branch pipe 8 Branch pipe 9 Switching valve 10 Heat storage element 11 Heat storage element 12 Pipe 13 Pipe 14 Four-way switching valve 15 Discharge pipe Reference Signs List 16 suction pipe 17 exhaust blower 18 intake blower 19 combustion air supply pipe 20 exhaust gas outlet 21 combustion blower A waste B incinerator combustion chamber

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A waste incinerator characterized in that a heat storage burner mechanism for generating high-temperature air is attached to an incinerator main body. 2. A waste incineration method comprising blowing an oxygen-containing gas at 800 ° C. or higher into a combustion chamber of an incinerator.