JPH11215908A - Combine harvester - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a combine harvester capable of responding even to an ultrashort reaped grain culm length and further carrying out the automatic reaping at the butt with a machine where the manual reaping is conventionally a common sense. SOLUTION: The characteristic of this combine harvester comprises the installation of lifting and lowering control for controlling the reaping height of at least a reaping pretreatment device 3, forward direction control for controlling the forward direction of a mobile car body, car speed control for controlling the car speed of the mobile car body and short culm control for operating a feed regulator 7 installed separately from a threshing depth regulator 6 to the deep threshing side and feeding grain culms to a threshing device 1 when the length of the reaped grain culms is not larger than a prescribed value. Furthermore, the characteristic of the combine harvester is not to perform any one or two or more of controls in the lifting and lowering control, forward direction control and car speed control when the short culm control is performed.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a combine for cutting and threshing grain culm in a field.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, there is a difference in grain culm length between rice varieties due to regional differences (for example, southwestern regions and Hokkaido), differences in varieties, differences in the degree of growth, and the like. Combines equipped with control devices have become widespread. As is widely known, the handling depth control device of the combine is provided with a handling depth adjusting chain that is automatically controlled according to the grain stalk length in the pre-cutting device, and is provided at the beginning of the feed chain of the threshing device. In addition, while changing and adjusting the delivery position in the direction of the culm, the relationship between the handling cylinder and the grain culm ears is adjusted to a position where the threshing efficiency is high.

[0003]

A handling depth adjusting chain provided in a conventional pre-cutting device detects a grain stalk length that has been cut and conveyed by a handling depth sensor, and the detection result is obtained. The depth control is performed on the basis of. This configuration can sufficiently cope with ordinary working conditions, and the adjustment range (adjustment distance) can also correspond to the grain stalk length, and the harvesting and threshing work is performed by accurate inheritance conveyance.

However, the conventional handling depth control device is
Since the work is performed while controlling and adjusting one handling depth adjusting chain according to the grain stalk length, the adjustment range (adjustment distance) is necessarily limited, for example, when the combine reaches the ridge and the headland There is a problem that it is not possible to control the handling depth properly when the harvesting is started. That is, when the combine reaches the ridge and moves to the cutting of the headland, the cutting pre-processing device is sequentially raised to shift to the high cutting in order to prevent the weeding rod from colliding with the ridge rising higher than the field scene. Therefore, the grain stalk length is inevitably extremely short. However, the handling depth control device cannot cope with the excessively short culm length when the grain stalk is highly cut, because the adjustment distance is insufficient.

In such a case, it is possible to solve the above problem by providing a means for further increasing the handling depth of the grain culm to the threshing apparatus, that is, by providing short culm control. Since control, vehicle speed control, and the like are provided, if short culm control is performed, for example, if lifting control is performed, a problem occurs in which the pre-cutting device lowers.

[0006]

The present invention takes the following technical means in order to solve the above-mentioned problems. That is, at least when the cutting pre-processing device 3 is lifted and lowered, the traveling direction of the traveling vehicle body 2 is controlled, the vehicle speed of the traveling vehicle body 2 is controlled, and the cut depth of the culm is less than a predetermined length, the handling depth adjusting device 6 A short culm control for supplying the grain culm to the threshing apparatus 1 by operating the supply adjusting device 7 provided separately from the deep stalk, and when the short culm control is performed, the elevation control, One or more of the traveling direction control and the vehicle speed control are not performed.

[0007]

Embodiments of the present invention will be specifically described below with reference to the drawings. First, the configuration will be described. The traveling vehicle body 2 is configured such that a crawler 8 made of a rubber material is wound around a driving sprocket 9 and a plurality of idler wheels 10, so that the traveling vehicle 2 can travel not only in a dry field but also in a wet field without sinking. The traveling vehicle body 2 can be shifted and stopped by a hydrostatic continuously variable transmission (hereinafter, referred to as “HST”) driven by rotational power of an engine (not shown) and a transmission mechanism that rotates the driving sprocket 9. This is the same configuration as the conventional one.

[0008] The threshing apparatus 1 comprises a feed chain 4.
And a sorting room with a handling cylinder mounted on the upper side and a sorting room on the lower side are provided on the traveling vehicle body 2 as a configuration for threshing and sorting the supplied harvested grain culm. The auxiliary transporting device 5 is provided along the inside of the feed chain 4 and has a start end at the transmission sprocket 1 transmitted from the feed chain 4.
1 and the end portion is extended so as to be close to the supply port to the handling room, and the cereal stem inherited from the supply control device 7 described later is supplied to the handling room in cooperation with the feed chain 4 or alone. Configuration.

Next, the pre-cutting device 3 includes the traveling vehicle 2
The rear part of the cutting frame 13 extending forward and downward is pivotally connected to the support base 12 provided at the front part of the cutting frame 13 so as to be freely rotatable up and down. It is configured with a culm transport device. That is, the pre-cutting device 3 comprises a weeding rod 15 at the lower front end, a grain stem raising device 16 having an inclined shape behind it, and a mowing device 1 at a lower rear portion thereof.
Further, between the cutting device 14 and the starting end of the feed chain 4 and the auxiliary transport device 5 described above, a scraping transport device 17, a front transport device 18, a handling depth adjusting device 6, The supply adjusting device 7 is arranged so as to be capable of successively transferring and transferring the grain culm, and is mounted on the above-mentioned cutting frame 13 so as to be capable of transmission.

Reference numeral 19 denotes a cutting elevating cylinder, which is configured to raise and lower the cutting frame 13 by a hydraulic device. The scraping transfer device 17 includes a lower scraping wheel 20.
a and an upper endless band 20b, which are provided above the cutting device 14 for each row of harvested stalks and raked and transported the stalks rearward. The front transfer device 18 is composed of a stock transfer chain 21a and a tip transfer lug 21b,
The starting end is faced to the terminal end of the scraping transfer device 17 so as to be able to be inherited, and the multi-cutted culms are conveyed rearward and upward to join the left and right conveying cereals at the end.

Incidentally, the spike transport lug 21 shown in the embodiment
b is provided in a manner inclined from the right side of the front part in the traveling direction to the starting end side of the feed chain 4 in plan view to extend to the rear part of the pre-cutting device 3, and is provided in a continuous state. It is configured to convey ears. Next, the handling depth adjusting device 6 includes a transport chain 6a and a holding rod 6b.
The starting end is provided at the terminal end of the front conveying device 18 so as to be able to inherit the root of the transported culm, and is extended upward and rearward so that the terminal end faces the starting end of the supply adjusting device 7 described later. Provided. The handling depth adjusting device 6 has a configuration in which the starting end is pivotally connected to the cutting frame 13 and the terminal end swings up and down along the culm direction of the transported culm. Handling depth control motor
Reference numeral 22 denotes a forward / reverse rotatable motor, which is mounted on the upper side at a position near the handling depth adjusting device 6 in the embodiment, and is provided with a handling depth adjusting device via a connecting rod 23. 6, and is driven in accordance with an operation signal output from a controller 24, which will be described later, to control the handling depth.

The handling depth sensor 25 includes a tip sensor 25a and a stock sensor 25b. The handle depth sensor 25 extends from the coupling machine frame 26 located above the cover extending to the rear side of the tip transport lug 21b. , The length of the culm being transported is detected, and the detection signal is input to a controller 24 described later. Next, the supply adjusting device 7 is provided so as to clamp and transport the cereal culm by the chain 7a and the clamping rod 27, and transfers the cereal culm inherited from the end portion of the handling depth adjusting device 6 to the auxiliary transport device 5 (Fig. -It is configured to transfer to the start end of the doughen 4) to adjust the supply.

More specifically, the chain 7a is a driving sprocket mounted on the upper surface of a transmission box 28 connected to the auxiliary transporting device 5 (feed chain 4) at the base of the cutting frame 13. 29, a rolling wheel 31 which is mounted on a movable chain rail 30 for guiding the transport side from the inner surface, and a tension roller 32 which is located in front of them and has a tension function.

The movable chain rail 30 guides the transport side of the chain 7a from the inner surface as described above.
A fixed support arm 33 projecting obliquely forward from the transmission box 28 and extending is provided at the front of a fixed support arm 33 so as to be freely rotatable. The front end of the wheel 31 is located at the start end of the auxiliary transfer device 5. On the other hand, it is configured to be able to move far and near. Further, the tension roller 32 has a tension arm 36 extending from a fixing machine frame 35 fixed to an intermediate portion of the support arm 33.
And is tensioned outward (in the direction in which the chain 7 is stretched) by a tension spring 37.

The supply control motor 34 is a motor that can be rotated forward and backward. One side of the supply control motor 34 is fixed to the cutting frame 13 below the supply adjusting device 7, and the other side is the above-described motor. And mounted on the fixed machine frame 35 and connected to the movable chain rail 30 via a rod 38 to be driven based on an operation signal output from the controller 24 to perform supply adjustment control. And

As described above, the supply control motor 34
The case is arranged in a position close to the above-mentioned handling depth control motor 22, and a case of the tip conveying lug 21b extending to the rear is positioned above the motor. And
The holding rod 27 is provided with a supply adjusting chain 7a in which the supply is adjusted.
The front and rear two tension springs 39a, 39
b. The rear tension spring 39b has a longer tension stroke than the front tension spring 39b so that the adjustment distance of the holding rod 27 can be longer, and can sufficiently follow the movement of the rear portion of the chain 7a. It has a configuration.

Next, a description will be given of a controller 24 using each sensor and a microcomputer. First, the upper grain culm sensor 40a and the lower grain culm sensor 40b are
It is arranged and provided in the upper part and the lower part of the back of the cereal stem raising device 16, respectively, and is configured to detect the ear tip side and the root side of the cut cereal stem.

The controller 24 has an input side,
A handling depth control switch 41 for selecting handling depth control, an upper grain culm sensor 40a, a lower grain culm sensor 40b, a tip sensor 25a, a stock sensor 25b, a direction control switch 42 for turning on / off the direction control work and adjusting the sensitivity. A cutting height control switch 43 that can select the cutting height of the cutting height control work and a cutting height, a vehicle speed control switch 44 that can select the cutting speed of the vehicle speed control work, and a vehicle speed control, a short culm control (also referred to as a ridge control). A) a switch 45, a direction sensor 46, a pre-cutting device for detecting the ground height of the pre-cutting device 3, a ground height sensor (hereinafter referred to as a "cutting height sensor") 47, a load sensor 48, and the like. I have.

The output side of the controller 24 outputs information based on information set and stored in advance and various types of input information to the handling depth control motor 22, the supply control motor 34,
A steering electromagnetic valve 49, a cutting height electromagnetic valve 50, a speed change reversing motor 51, and the like are connected. When the short culm control switch 45 is turned on, the controller 24 outputs the direction information output from the direction sensor 46, the height information output from the cutting height sensor 47, and the load information output from the load sensor 48. Is input, the steering solenoid valve 49,
An operation command signal is not output to the cutting height solenoid valve 50 and the forward / reverse motor 51 for shifting. That is, when the short culm control switch 45 is turned on, the direction control, the elevation control, and the vehicle speed control are not performed.

In this embodiment, the short culm control switch 4
When the number 5 is entered, the direction control, the elevation control, and the vehicle speed control are not performed. However, only one control or a plurality of controls may not be performed. Further, a potentiometer P is provided at the rear end of the cutting frame 13 so that the controller 24 can obtain information on the height of the pre-cutting section 3 detected by the rotation of the cutting frame 13. It is configured to take in. Therefore, when the short culm control switch 45 is turned on and the pre-cutting processing unit 3 is positioned at a height equal to or higher than a predetermined height, the short culm control functions.

The handling depth control switch 41, the direction control switch 42, the cutting height control switch 43, the vehicle speed control switch 44, and the short culm control (also called ridge control) switch 45 are provided in a control unit. 52 are arranged in alignment with a left operation panel 53 on the left side in the forward direction of 52. A power steering 56 and an engine switch 57 are provided on the right side of a front operation panel 55 on the front side of the seat 54.

When the handling depth control switch 41 is turned on, the handling depth control motor 22 is controlled based on the detection information of the handling depth sensor 25.
When 5a and the stock sensor 25b are both in the detection state of the grain culm, the handling depth control motor 22 is rotated forward to control the shallow handling side, and both the sensors 25a and 25b are in the non-detection state. In some cases, the handling depth control motor 22 is reversed and controlled to the deep handling side, so that the position where the tip of the grain stalk passes between the tip sensor 25a and the stock sensor 25b is neutralized. As a result, the operating depth control motor 22 is not driven to determine the appropriate operating depth position.

The supply control motor 34 is controlled based on detection information of the upper cereal culm sensor 40a and the lower cereal culm sensor 40b, and when both the sensors 40a and 40b detect the cereal culm. When the supply control device 7 is held at a standby position close to the auxiliary transfer device 5 and the lower grain sensor 40b is in the detection state and the upper grain sensor 40a is in the non-detection state, the supply control device 7 is rotated forward and the supply control device 7 is rotated. It is configured to adjust to the deep handling side.

When the upper cereal culm sensor 40a and the lower cereal culm sensor 40b both detect the cereal culm from the state where the lower cereal culm sensor 40b is in the detection state and the upper cereal culm sensor 40a is in the non-detection state, supply is performed. The control motor 34 is reversely rotated to return the supply adjusting device 7 to a standby position close to the auxiliary transport device 5. The direction sensor 46 has a pair of sensing units in the lateral direction, and the controller 24 steers when it receives information that the contact pressure between the sensing unit and the cereal stem is out of a predetermined appropriate range. The solenoid valve 49 is operated to turn on or off the left or right steering clutch to correct the traveling direction of the traveling vehicle body 2 going straight ahead to the left or right. Section. When the contact pressure between the sensing unit and the grain stem becomes equal to or less than a predetermined value, the steering solenoid valve 49 returns to the original state and the steering clutch is engaged, so that the traveling vehicle body 2 moves straight.

The cutting height sensor 47 uses ultrasonic waves in the embodiment, is detachably mounted on the weeding rod 15 near the grain stem raising device 16, and the distance to the field is less than or equal to a predetermined value. When the above is detected, the controller 24, which has input this information, operates the cutting height solenoid valve 50 to extend and retract the cutting lifting cylinder 19, and the cutting pretreatment device 3
Is moved up and down and positioned within a preset height range. When the height of the pre-cutting device 3 falls within the proper range, the cutting height solenoid valve 50 returns to the original state, and supports the pre-cutting device 3 at that height.

The load sensor 48 is provided at the shaft end of the handle cylinder shaft 58 of the handle cylinder (not shown) of the threshing apparatus 1. The controller 24 receives the rotation information from the load sensor 48.
However, if it is determined that the rotation speed of the handle cylinder is out of the proper range of the set rotation speed, the transmission forward / reverse rotation motor 51 is rotated forward and H
In this configuration, the shift lever 59 for activating the ST is moved to the lower speed side. When the controller 24 determines that the rotation speed is appropriate, the forward / reverse motor 51 for reverse rotation rotates in reverse.
The speed change lever 59 is returned to the position of the set traveling speed.

When the power telescoping lever 56 is tilted leftward or rightward in the forward direction, the switch is turned on and the steering solenoid valve 49 is operated to turn on or off the left or right steering clutch, and the vehicle body 2 traveling straight ahead Is corrected to the left or right. Numeral 60 denotes a mowing / unclutching lever for turning on and off the transmission to the pre-cutting device 3 and moving from the cutting position to the middle portion along a longitudinally long groove provided on the left operation panel 53. First, the transmission to the threshing device 1 is turned on, and when the threshing device 1 is further moved to the front end portion, the threshing device 1 and the pre-cutting device 3 can be turned on.

The manual correction of the traveling direction by the power telescopic lever 56 and the lifting and lowering operation of the cutting pre-processing device 3 are performed manually.
Priority is given to the automatic control of the direction control and the elevation control,
The manual operation of the shift lever 59 is given priority over the automatic control of the vehicle speed control. Reference numeral 61 denotes a throttle lever provided at the front end of the left operation panel 53. Next, the operation will be described.

First, the driver sitting on the seat 54 turns on the engine switch 57 to start the engine, and operates the throttle lever 61 to adjust the engine speed.
Then, a handling depth control switch 41, a direction control switch 42, a cutting height control switch 43, and a vehicle speed control switch 4
4 and the sensitivity of direction control, cutting height and vehicle speed are selected.

Then, the driver operates the cutting / clutch lever 6
1 to transmit to the pre-cutting device 3 and the threshing device 1,
Further, the shift lever 59 is operated to move the traveling vehicle body 2 forward. If necessary, the power telescoping lever 56 is operated to the left or right or back and forth to correct the traveling direction of the traveling vehicle body 2 or to select the height of the pre-cutting device 3 and to align the harvested culm with the culm. Start working.

The cereal culm in the field is subjected to weeding by the weeding rod 15 at the lower front end of the traveling vehicle body 2 which is moving forward, and then is moved from the lying state to the upright state by the eliciting action of the cereal stem raising device 16. It is caused and the stockholder is the reaper 1
4 and the mowing, the scraping wheel 20a and the scraping endless belt 2
In response to the action of 0b, it is scraped and inherited by the front conveying device 18 and sequentially conveyed upward in a continuous state.

In this manner, the cereal stalks are cut in a large number of rows at the same time, conveyed by the left and right front conveying devices 18 and joined at the rear, and fed from the handling depth adjusting device 6 to the supply adjusting device 7. The feed is sequentially and continuously delivered to the threshing apparatus 1 after reaching the starting end of the feed chain 4. The culm is threshed by the rotating handling cylinder while the tip portion is inserted into the handling chamber and passed while the stem is being conveyed while being clamped by the feed chain 4.
Then, the threshing product reaches the lower sorting room and is subjected to the sorting wind and the action of the rocking sorting device to be sorted.

As described above, the combine continuously performs harvesting and threshing work, harvests the threshed-sorted grains, and collects and stores them in the Glen tank. During such work, the handling depth adjusting device 6 inputs the detection information from the tip sensor 25a and the stock sensor 25b constituting the handling depth sensor 25 to the controller 24. −
Depth control mode according to the operation signal output from the
The motor 22 is controlled and adjusted via the connecting rod 23.

In this case, the controller 24 determines that the position where the tip of the conveyed grain stem passes between the tip sensor 25a and the stock sensor 25b is the position of the most suitable handling depth,
Adjustment control is performed so that the adjustment position of the handling depth adjustment device 6 is adjusted to that position. The traveling vehicle body 2 is provided with a direction sensor 4.
The detection of No. 6 allows the left or right clutch to be engaged and disengaged and the traveling direction is corrected, so that there is no stepping down of the grain stalk. The cutting height cylinder 47 is detected by the detection of the cutting height sensor 47.
The cutting pretreatment device 3 is moved up and down by expanding and contracting, so that the cutting height of the grain stalk can be made substantially constant.

Further, since the vehicle speed is changed by the detection of the load sensor 48, the supply amount to the threshing apparatus 1 can be automatically controlled. For example, even if the threshing load becomes large, the return to the original normal load is speeded up to improve the work efficiency. Can be improved. Next, in order to prevent the tip of the weeding rod 15 from colliding with a nearby ridge by reaching the headland of the field, or when the cereal culm in the field is extremely short, the short culm control switch 45 is turned on, and the power telescopic lever 56 is turned on. After moving to the rear side, the cutting and lifting cylinder 19 is greatly extended, and the cutting pre-processing device 3 is moved upward to move to a high cutting operation for the grain culm. When the headland is harvested in this way,
It is cut into an extremely short culm and is squeezed into the scraping ring 20a and the scraped endless belt 20b. At this time, it contacts the lower grain culm sensor 40b but does not reach the upper grain culm sensor 40a. It is conveyed upward and backward without being carried out.

Then, the controller 24 receives a detection signal from one of the lower cereal culm sensors 40b and a non-detection signal from the other upper cereal culm sensor 40a. Judge, supply control motor 34
The control signal is output so as to operate to the deep handling side. As a result, in the supply adjusting device 7, the movable chain rail 30 is moved from the supply control motor 34 via the lot 38 to the direction in which the leading wheel 31 side moves away from the auxiliary transfer device 5 with the pivot point as a fulcrum. Is adjusted and controlled to the deep handling side.

At this time, the chain 7a of the supply adjusting device 7
In this case, the rolling wheel 31 approaches the driving sprocket 29 at the fixed position and becomes loose, but the tension roller 32 tensioned by the tension spring 37 and the tension arm 36 acts on the outside and the loosened state. The slack is absorbed and transmitted by the drive sprocket 29 under appropriate tension. The holding rod 27 is a wheel 31 having a large adjustment width.
Since the side is tensioned by the tension spring 39b on the rear side of the tension stroke, the grain follows the supply adjusting chain 7a and can securely hold the grain stalk.

The supply control device 7 controlled and controlled as described above supplies the extremely short cereal stems inherited from the end portion of the handling depth control device 6 to the auxiliary transport device 5, at this time, Short stalks that do not reach the clamping position of feed chain 4
All the culms are transported by the auxiliary transporting device 5 and are fed into the handling room from the supply side as they are. As described above, since the supply adjusting device 7 is appropriately controlled based on the operation signal of the controller 24, it can cope with an extremely short culm, and the harvesting of the headland is also performed by the combine. It became possible.

When the short culm control switch 45 is turned on, the elevation control, the traveling direction control and the vehicle speed control are not performed in connection with this. Therefore, even if the pre-cutting device 3 is raised, the pre-cutting device 3 is automatically lowered, so that the raising operation of the pre-cutting device 3 is difficult to perform. Also,
When the pre-cutting device 3 is at a high position, the direction sensor 46
Is higher, the accuracy of detecting the seed root of the cereal stalk is reduced and malfunction is likely to occur, but this malfunction can be prevented.

Further, when the pre-cutting device 3 is at a high position, the work is normally performed at a low speed. In this case, the thrusting load is small, and the speed of the traveling vehicle body 2 is increased.
A problem that the combine collides with the ridge easily occurs, but this problem can also be prevented.

[0041]

According to the present invention, there is provided a combine harvester in which a harvesting pre-processing device 3 is supported on a front portion of a traveling vehicle body 2 on which the threshing device 1 is mounted. An auxiliary transport device 5 is provided on the inner side along the supply portion of the section, and the cutting pre-processing device 3 includes a terminal end portion of a handling depth adjusting device 6 provided rearward from a combined transport position of the harvested grain culm; A feed adjusting device 7 is provided between the feeder of the threshing device 1 and a start end of the auxiliary transport device 5, and the feed adjusting device 7 is associated with the handling depth adjusting device 6 or independently. The feed depth can be adjusted by moving the feed culm in the culm direction to control the feed depth, so the handling depth control device can respond even if the cut culm length becomes extremely short. Conventionally, hand-cutting was also common sense, and headland cutting was also possible with machine-based automatic cutting. It is intended to achieve the effect.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view of a combine.

FIG. 2 is a side view of a partially cut combine.

FIG. 3 is a plan view of a partially cut combine.

FIG. 4 is a plan view of a partially-removed pre-cutting device.

FIG. 5 is a plan view of a control unit.

FIG. 6 is a flowchart.

FIG. 7 is a flowchart.

FIG. 8 is a flowchart.

FIG. 9 is a block diagram.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Threshing device 2 Running body 3
Cutting pretreatment device 6 Handling depth adjustment device 7 Supply adjustment device

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. At least a lifting control of the pre-cutting device 3, a traveling direction control of the traveling vehicle body 2, a vehicle speed control of the traveling vehicle body 2, and a handling depth when the length of the cut culm is less than a predetermined value. A short culm control for supplying a grain stalk to the threshing apparatus 1 by operating a supply adjusting device 7 provided separately from the adjusting device 6 to the deep handling side, and when the short culm control is performed, Lifting control,
A combine which does not perform any one control or a plurality of controls in traveling direction control and vehicle speed control.