JPH11211267A - Heat harnessed system utilizing alloy for storing hydrogen - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prevent worsening of heat exchange efficiency between a heat medium in contact with a container and an alloy for storing hydrogen in the container attributed to smoothness of the surface of the container (tube) housing the alloy for storing hydrogen. SOLUTION: Containers S1 and S2 into which is sealed an alloy for storing hydrogen presents a flat shape while a punching metal PM having numerous slots PM1 formed therein is soldered on both surfaces of the containers S1 and S2. The punching metal PM forms a number of uneveness in the surfaces of the containers S1 and S2 and causes a turbulence in a heat medium flowing on the surfaces. This improves the heat exchange efficiency between the heat medium and the alloy for storing hydrogen. The uneveness produced by the punching metal PM increases the surface area of the containers S1 and S2 eventually improving the heat exchange efficiency.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a hydrogen storage alloy for repeatedly storing and releasing hydrogen to obtain cold heat by utilizing an endothermic effect generated at the time of releasing hydrogen, or to radiate heat at the time of storing hydrogen. The present invention relates to a heat utilization system using a hydrogen storage alloy that obtains heat by using an action.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A conventional heat utilization system using a hydrogen storage alloy will be described with reference to FIG. In the heat pump cycle J1 using the hydrogen storage alloy, a shell-and-tube type heat exchanger is used to obtain the heating, heat radiation and cooling output of the hydrogen storage alloy J2. The heat pump cycle J1 shown in this prior art uses four shell-and-tube type heat exchangers J3 to J6. Each of the heat exchangers J3 to J6 is capable of exchanging heat between the hydrogen storage alloy J2 and the heat medium. Is provided. The hydrogen storage alloy J2 of the first and second heat exchangers J3 and J4 communicates via a hydrogen passage, and the hydrogen storage alloy J2 of the third and fourth heat exchangers J5 and J6 also communicates via a hydrogen passage. Is provided.

In operation, a heat medium for heating is supplied to the first heat exchanger J3, and a heat medium for heat radiation is supplied to the second heat exchanger J4. Then, hydrogen in the first heat exchanger J3 is released and occluded in the second heat exchanger J4. That is, hydrogen driving is performed. Next, the heat medium for heating supplied to the first heat exchanger J3 is switched and supplied to the heat medium for heat radiation, and the heat medium for heat radiation supplied to the second heat exchanger J4 is supplied to the second heat exchanger J4. The heat medium for cooling output is switched and supplied. Then, the first heat exchanger J3 stores hydrogen, and the second heat exchanger J4 releases hydrogen. When the second heat exchanger J4 emits hydrogen, the heat medium for cooling output is cooled.
That is, a cooling output is obtained. Then, the above cycle is repeated.

On the other hand, when a cold output is obtained from the second heat exchanger J4, a heat medium for heating is supplied to the third heat exchanger J5 and a heat medium for heat dissipation is supplied to the fourth heat exchanger J6. Supply. Then, the hydrogen in the third heat exchanger J5 is released and stored in the fourth heat exchanger J6. In other words, when the first and second heat exchangers J3 and J4 are obtaining a cooling output, the third and fourth heat exchangers J5 and J6 are driven by hydrogen. Next, the heat medium for heating supplied to the third heat exchanger J5 is switched to a heat medium for heat radiation and supplied, and the heat medium for heat radiation supplied to the fourth heat exchanger J6 is supplied to the third heat exchanger J6. The heat medium for cooling output is switched and supplied. Then, the third heat exchanger J
5 absorbs hydrogen and the fourth heat exchanger J6 releases hydrogen. When the fourth heat exchanger J6 emits hydrogen, the heat medium for cooling output is cooled. That is, when the first and second heat exchangers J3 and J4 are driven by hydrogen, the third and fourth heat exchangers J5 and J6 can obtain a cooling output. And
Repeat the above cycle.

[0005]

A heat medium flows on the surface of a container (tube in the above-mentioned prior art) in which the hydrogen storage alloy is sealed, and heat exchange between the heat medium and the hydrogen storage alloy is performed through the container. However, the heat exchange efficiency between the heat medium and the hydrogen storage alloy was poor because the part of the container that touched the heat medium was smooth.

[0006]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a hydrogen storage alloy capable of improving the heat exchange efficiency between a heat medium in contact with a container and a hydrogen storage alloy in the container. In providing a heat utilization system utilizing

[0007]

The heat utilization system using the hydrogen storage alloy according to the present invention employs the following technical means to achieve the above object. (Means of Claim 1) A heat utilization system utilizing a hydrogen storage alloy utilizes the heat absorption of hydrogen storage alloy at the time of release of hydrogen or the heat release at the time of storage of hydrogen. The part of the sealed container that comes into contact with the heating medium
The unevenness is provided.

(2) A heat utilization system using a hydrogen storage alloy according to claim 1, wherein the unevenness is formed by an unevenness forming member joined to the container.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the heat utilization system using the hydrogen storage alloy according to the second aspect, the unevenness forming member is a punching metal.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the heat utilization system using the hydrogen storage alloy according to the first aspect, a plurality of concaves or convexes are formed on the surface of the container.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the heat utilization system using the hydrogen storage alloy according to the first aspect, the container is provided in a flat container shape, and one surface of the container has a mixture of irregularities. It is provided in a state, and the other surface opposite to the one surface is provided with unevenness along the unevenness shape of the one surface.

[0012]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, turbulence occurs in the heat medium flowing on the surface of the container, or the surface area of the container increases due to the provision of the unevenness in the portion in contact with the heat medium. I do. As a result, the chance of contact between the heat medium and the container increases, or the contact area increases, thereby increasing the amount of heat transfer. Therefore, heat exchange between the heat medium flowing on the surface of the container and the hydrogen storage alloy in the container is performed. Efficiency is improved.

(Operation and Effect of Claim 2) Since the unevenness is formed on the surface of the container by joining the unevenness forming member to the surface of the container, the productivity is excellent.

(Operation and Effect of Claim 3) By using a punching metal as the unevenness forming member, a container having unevenness on the surface can be manufactured at low cost.

(Operation and Effect of Claim 4) Since the unevenness is formed on the container itself, the number of parts can be reduced.

(Operation and Effect of Claim 5) Since the container is a container that separates the internal hydrogen storage alloy from the external heat medium, the thickness of the container should be as small as possible in order to improve heat transfer. There is a demand for thinning. However, there is a demand for high pressure and low pressure in containers due to evacuation for activation of the hydrogen storage alloy during cell production, high-pressure filling with hydrogen, and heating during cell use. There was a problem that the thickness of the container could not be reduced for securing.

In view of this, a technique for providing a container flat and providing one surface in a convex shape and providing the other opposite surface in a concave shape is considered. Under high pressure at the time, tensile stress and compressive stress are applied to the opposing surfaces, the stresses cancel each other out, the deformation of each container is suppressed, and as a result, the pressure resistance is improved and the container plate thickness can be reduced. . If this technology is further developed to improve the pressure resistance by reducing the convex curvature of one surface and the concave curvature of the other surface, and to further reduce the thickness of the container, the height of the container in the convex direction is increased. The dimensions become large. Then, it becomes difficult to load the hydrogen storage alloy into the container, and the loading amount of the hydrogen storage alloy is limited.

Therefore, irregularities were mixed on one surface of the flat container, and irregularities along the irregularities on one surface were formed on the other surface facing the one surface. As a result,
The curvature of the unevenness can be reduced, the pressure resistance is improved, and the thickness of the container can be reduced. In addition, since the unevenness is mixed in one container, the dimension in the unevenness direction can be reduced. As a result,
The loading amount of the hydrogen storage alloy does not have to be regulated. In other words, by providing the container with irregularities, the surface area of the container increases, the heat exchange efficiency between the heat medium flowing on the surface of the container and the hydrogen storage alloy in the container improves, and the amount of hydrogen storage alloy loaded is not regulated. As a result, the heat exchange efficiency between the hydrogen storage alloy and the heat medium is improved.

[0019]

Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described based on examples and modifications. [Configuration of First Embodiment] In the first embodiment, a heat utilization system using a hydrogen storage alloy according to the present invention is applied to a cooling device for indoor air conditioning. This first embodiment is shown in FIGS. This will be described with reference to FIG.

(Schematic Description of Cooling Apparatus 1) A schematic configuration of the cooling apparatus 1 of the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. In this embodiment, a heat pump cycle 2 using a hydrogen storage alloy was performed.
As an example, a two-stage cycle was used.

The cooling device 1 to which this embodiment is applied is roughly classified into a heat pump cycle 2 using a hydrogen storage alloy.
And a combustion device 3 for producing heated water (corresponding to a heating medium for heating, water in this embodiment) for heating the hydrogen storage alloy;
Facility water cooling means 4 for cooling the hydrogen storage alloy by cooling the facility water (corresponding to a heat medium for heat dissipation, water in this embodiment) for cooling the hydrogen storage alloy, and cooling by the heat absorption generated by the hydrogen releasing action of the hydrogen storage alloy. An indoor air conditioner 5 for air-conditioning the room with cold heat output water (corresponding to a heat medium for cold heat output, in this embodiment, water), and a control device 6 for controlling each mounted electric functional component. .

The heat pump cycle 2, the combustion device 3, the facility water cooling means 4 and the control device 6 are installed outdoors as an outdoor unit 7, and an indoor air conditioner 5 is disposed indoors. The cooling device 1 according to the present embodiment is a so-called multi-air conditioner in which a plurality of indoor air conditioners 5 can be connected to one outdoor unit 7.

(Explanation of Heat Pump Cycle 2) The heat pump cycle 2 of this embodiment uses a two-stage cycle as described above, and as shown in FIG. 6, an upper vessel S1 in which a hydrogen storage alloy is sealed. A middle vessel S2 which communicates with the upper vessel S1 through a hydrogen passage S4 and in which a hydrogen storage alloy is sealed, and a lower vessel which communicates with the middle vessel S2 via a hydrogen passage S4 and in which the hydrogen storage alloy is sealed. A plurality of cells S having S3 are used. In this embodiment, 12 to
Eighteen cells S were used.

Hydrogen storage alloys have different hydrogen equilibrium pressures.
A high-temperature hydrogen storage alloy having the highest hydrogen equilibrium temperature at the same equilibrium hydrogen pressure in the upper vessel S1
High-temperature alloy HM) powder is sealed in the middle vessel S2, and a medium-temperature hydrogen storage alloy (hereinafter, medium-temperature alloy MM) powder is sealed in the middle vessel S2. Low-temperature low-temperature hydrogen storage alloy (hereinafter, low-temperature alloy LM)
Is sealed. This will be described with reference to the PT refrigeration cycle diagram shown in FIG. 8. The characteristics of the hydrogen storage alloy are relatively high on the high temperature side (left side in the drawing) and high temperature alloy LM on the low temperature side. The middle temperature alloy MM is between the two.

One cell S is made of a metal having no hydrogen permeation, such as stainless steel or copper, and the containers S 1, S 2, S 3 are formed in the middle of a flat container by a joining method such as vacuum brazing or welding. After these are joined by a rod-shaped connecting portion S5 having a hydrogen passage S4 formed therein, the containers S1, S2
, S3 are filled with a powdery hydrogen-absorbing alloy, evacuated, activated, filled with hydrogen at a high pressure, sealed with a metal lid at the opening, and sealed by welding.

Each of the containers S1, S2, S3 is provided in a flat shape as described above, and as shown in FIG. 3, a number of pressure-resistant columns a are provided between the opposing surfaces of the containers S1, S2, S3. Arranged, the opposing surface and the pressure-resistant column a are joined. The pressure-resistant column a shown in this embodiment is made of a metal having excellent tensile stress resistance and compressive stress resistance (for example, copper, aluminum, stainless steel, etc.).
Offset fins F (or corrugated fins). The joining between the inner walls of the containers S1, S2, and S3 and the offset fins F is performed by a joining technique such as brazing. In this embodiment, when the containers are formed,
They are brazed together. In this embodiment,
In order to improve the thermal conductivity, the pressure-resistant column a is formed of copper, which is a metal having excellent thermal conductivity. In this embodiment, two offset fins F (or corrugated fins) are laminated and fixed, but one or three or more offset fins may be used.

By joining the opposing surfaces of the containers S1, S2 and S3 via a number of pressure-resistant columns a, evacuation for applying hydrogen to the hydrogen storage alloy sealed in each container and hydrogen supply are performed. Even when high-pressure filling is performed, the deformation of the container is suppressed because the large number of pressure-resistant columns a keep the distance between the opposing surfaces constant.
Further, by using the offset fins F for the pressure column a, the contact area between the hydrogen storage alloy and the pressure column a can be increased, and the heat exchange area between the heat medium and the hydrogen storage alloy is enlarged. Thus, the pressure-resistant column a has both the effect of preventing deformation of the containers S1, S2 and S3 and the effect of increasing the heat exchange area.

Each of the containers S1, S2 having a flat shape
, S3 are provided so as to be wound around the rotating shaft 8. Therefore, one surface of each container is curved in a convex shape, and the other opposing surface is curved in a concave shape. In this way, by providing the facing surfaces of the containers curved in the same direction, a tensile stress and a compressive stress are applied to the facing surfaces of the containers under low pressure during evacuation and under high pressure during filling with hydrogen. From this result, the deformation of each container can be kept small. In each of the plurality of cells S, each connecting portion S5 of the plurality of cells S is fixed around a rotation shaft 8 having a substantially cylindrical shape. The rotating shaft 8 is driven to rotate by cell moving means (not shown). The cell moving means rotates a plurality of cells S slowly and continuously by, for example, a motor (for example, in one hour). 20 laps).

The surface of each of the containers S1, S2, S3 is provided with irregularities so that the heat medium flowing along the surface is made turbulent. The unevenness is formed by an unevenness forming member bonded to the surface of the container. The unevenness forming member of this embodiment uses the punching metal PM shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. This punching metal PM is formed by opening a large number of long holes PM1 (for example, 2 mm in width and 25 mm in length) in a copper plate (for example, 0.3 mm in thickness) having high thermal conductivity. The entire surface is bonded to the surface of the container. The portion of the elongated hole PM1 of the punched metal PM becomes a concave portion, and the portion other than the elongated hole PM1 becomes a convex portion. The longitudinal direction of the elongated hole PM1 is provided to extend in a direction perpendicular to the flow direction of the heat medium. When a stainless steel plate having a low thermal conductivity is used as a material for the containers S1, S2 and S3, a thinner stainless steel plate is used and a punching metal PM such as copper having a high thermal conductivity is used on the surface thereof. Is preferably joined by brazing to improve the thermal conductivity of the container itself and reduce heat exchange loss.

Each of the containers S1, S2, S3 is covered by a divider 9 as shown in FIGS. The divider 9 reduces heat dissipation loss of the heat medium by flowing the heat medium along each container, and increases heat exchange efficiency by increasing the flow rate of the heat medium to increase the amount of heat exchange. Further, at the boundary where the cell S moves from the hydrogen driving unit α to the first cooling / heating output unit β → the second cooling / heating output unit γ described later, it is possible to avoid the problem that the opposing surface of the container touches a different heating medium to reduce the heat exchange efficiency. It is something to be up. The divider 9 covers each of the containers S1, S2, and S3, and is made of a resin material or the like having excellent heat insulating properties. On the inner surface of the divider 9, a heat medium passage 9a for flowing the heat medium along the container is formed. The heat medium passage 9a is provided in a substantially groove shape, and is provided shallowly in order to increase the flow speed of the heat medium. In addition, a supply / discharge port 9b for supplying the heat medium to the heat medium passage 9a and discharging the heat medium passing through the heat medium passage 9a is provided at the outer end and the upper portion on the center side of the divider 9. In addition,
In this embodiment, the supply / discharge port 9b at the outer end is a supply port for supplying the heat medium to the heat medium passage 9a, and the supply / discharge port 9b on the center side discharges the heat medium passing through the heat medium passage 9a to the outside. It is an outlet.

Heat pump cycle 2 of two-stage cycle
As shown in FIG. 6, a hydrogen driver α for forcibly moving the hydrogen in the upper vessel S1 into the lower vessel S3, and a first cooling device for moving the hydrogen in the lower vessel S3 to the middle vessel S2. An output section β, and a second cooling output section γ for moving the hydrogen moved into the middle vessel S2 to the upper vessel S1.
The hydrogen drive section α, the first cooling output section β, and the second cooling output section γ are provided at intervals of approximately 120 °, and are defined by the arrangement of concave portions M1 and M2 described later.

The hydrogen driving section α has a heating zone α 1 to which heated water (for example, about 80 ° C.) which comes into contact with the upper vessel S 1 is supplied.
Middle-stage pressurized region α2 to which pressurized water (for example, about 56 ° C.) contacting with middle container S2 is supplied, and lower-stage heat-dissipating region α3 to which facility water (for example, approximately 28 ° C.) to be contacted with lower container S3 is supplied.
Is provided. The first cooling / heat output section β is provided with an upper boosting region β1 to which pressurized water (for example, at about 58 ° C.) that comes into contact with the upper vessel S1, and a middle stage to be supplied with facility water (for example, at about 28 ° C.) that comes into contact with the middle vessel S2 The heat radiating zone β2 is provided with a lower cooling power output zone β3 to which cold output water (for example, about 13 ° C.) that comes into contact with the lower vessel S3 is supplied. The second cooling output section γ is supplied with the upper heat radiation area γ1 to which the radiating water (for example, about 28 ° C.) that comes into contact with the upper vessel S1 and the cold output water (for example, about 13 ° C.) that contacts the middle vessel S2. Middle cooling power output area γ
2 is provided. The temperature of the heat medium that comes into contact with the lower vessel S3 in the second cooling / heating output section γ is irrelevant, and this portion is referred to as an unquestionable area γ3.

When the rotating shaft 8 is rotated by a cell moving means (not shown), the group of upper vessels S1 circulates from the heating zone α1, the upper boosting zone β1, and the upper heat radiation zone γ1, and The group circulates in the middle step-up area α2 → middle heat radiation area β2 → middle cooling output area γ2,
The group of lower vessels S3 is lower heat radiation area α3 → lower heat output area β
3 → circulates in the unquestioned area γ3.

The group of upper vessels S1 is covered by an upper water tank K1 and has a heating zone α1, an upper boost zone β1, and an upper heat radiation zone γ.
1 is provided. The group of middle vessels S2 is covered with a middle water tank K2, and is provided with a middle pressure rising area α2, a middle heat radiation area β2, and a middle cooling power output area γ2. further,
The group of lower vessels S3 is covered by a lower water tank K3, and has a lower heat radiation area α3, a lower cooling / heat output area β3, and a non-interest area γ3.

Upper tank K1, middle tank K2, lower tank K
Reference numeral 3 denotes a water tank K (for example, a container made of resin) provided continuously and connected to the water tank K, as shown in FIG.
Sixteen heat medium pipes 10 for supplying and discharging the heat medium are connected to the upper, middle, and lower water tanks K1, K2, and K3. Specifically, six heating medium pipes 10 are connected to the upper water tank K1 for the heating zone α1, the upper boosting zone β1, and the upper heat dissipation zone γ1, and the middle water tank K2 is connected to the middle boosting zone α2 and the middle heat dissipation zone. β2
, 6 heat medium pipes 10 for the middle cooling power output area γ2
Are connected to the lower water tank K3, and four heat medium pipes 10 for a lower heat radiation area α3 and a lower cooling power output area β3 are connected.

The upper, middle, and lower water tanks K1, K2, and K3 include:
The heating medium supplied by the heating medium pipe 10 is supplied to the hydrogen driving unit α, the first cooling output unit β, the second cooling output unit γ,
A concave portion M1 is provided to lead to the supply / discharge port 9b at the outer end of the divider 9 in each lower region, and a concave portion M2 for collecting the heat medium discharged from the central supply / discharge port 9b is provided. , M2 depending on the arrangement and length.
The hydrogen driving unit α, the first cooling / cooling output unit β, and the second cooling / cooling output unit γ at 0 ° intervals are determined. The supply / drain port 9b provided in each divider 9 is provided with a water tank K having no concave portions M1, M2.
Rotating in contact with or close to the inner wall of the
The inner wall of the water tank K in which 2 is not provided serves as a partition between the hydrogen driving section α, the first cooling output section β, and the second cooling output section γ. In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 6, an example is shown in which the heat medium flows from the outer supply / discharge port 9b → the heat medium passage 9a → the center supply / discharge port 9b. You may shed.

(Explanation of Other Components in Heat Pump Cycle 2) Reference numeral 11 shown in FIG. 5 is a pressurized water circuit for circulating pressurized water in the upper pressurized region β1 and the middle pressurized region α2, and is provided on the way. Pressurized water is circulated by the pressurized water circulation pump P1 '. Note that the pressurized water is supplied to the heating area α1
The temperature of the pressurized water in the upper pressurized region β1 is, for example, about 58 ° C. during the operation of the heat pump cycle 2, and the temperature of the pressurized water is about 58 ° C. The temperature of the pressurized water in the pressurized region α2 is, for example, about 56 ° C.

(Explanation of Combustion Apparatus 3) The combustion apparatus 3 of this embodiment uses a gas combustion apparatus that generates heat by burning gas as a fuel and heats heated water by the generated heat. A gas burner 12 for burning gas, a gas supply circuit 15 including a gas amount control valve 13 and a gas on-off valve 14 for supplying gas to the gas burner 12, a gas burner 12
It comprises a combustion fan 16 for supplying combustion air to the heat exchanger, a heat exchanger 17 for exchanging heat between gas combustion heat and heating water, and the like. Then, the heating water is heated to, for example, about 80 ° C. by the heat obtained by the gas combustion of the gas burner 12, and the heated heating water is supplied to the heating zone α1 via the heating water circulation path 18 provided with the heating water circulation pump P1. Is what you do. The heated water circulation pump P1 of this embodiment is the same as the pressurized water circulation pump P1 '
Is a tandem pump driven by a dual-purpose motor. Therefore, when the heating water is supplied from the combustion device 3 to the heat pump cycle 2, the pressurized water is also provided so as to circulate.

(Explanation of the indoor air conditioner 5)
As described above, the indoor heat exchanger 19 is provided inside the indoor heat exchanger 19, and the cold output water supplied to the indoor heat exchanger 19 and the indoor air are forcibly exchanged heat, and the air after the heat exchange Indoor fan 20 for blowing air into the room. The indoor heat exchanger 19 is connected to a cold output water circulation path 21 for circulating the cold output water supplied from the lower cooling output area β3 and the middle cooling output area γ2. (Inside) is provided with a chilled water output pump P2 for circulating chilled output water.

(Explanation of the facility water cooling means 4) The facility water cooling means 4 is a water-cooled open type cooling tower, and the facility water cooled by the facility water cooling means 4 is a facility water circulation pump P
3, the lower heat radiation area α3,
The heat is supplied to the middle heat radiation area β2 and the upper heat radiation area γ1. The facility water cooling means 4 allows the facility water flowing through the lower heat radiation area α3, the middle heat radiation area β2, and the upper heat radiation area γ1 to flow downward from above,
While exchanging heat with the outside air during the flow to radiate heat, it also partially evaporates during the flow, deprives the radiating water flowing during evaporation of heat of vaporization, and cools the flowing radiating water. . The radiating water cooling means 4 includes a radiating fan (not shown), and is provided so as to promote evaporation and cooling of the radiating water by an air flow generated by the radiating fan. In this embodiment, a water-cooled open-type cooling tower is shown as the facility water cooling means 4. However, a water-cooled hermetic type or an air-cooled hermetic type in which facility water (heat medium for heat radiation) exchanges heat without contacting air. Cooling means may be used.

Here, the above-described heated water circuit 18, cooling / heat output water circuit 21 and facility water circuit 22 are provided with cisterns T1, T2 and T3, respectively, and the water levels in the cisterns T1, T2 and T3 are at predetermined water levels. When it falls below, the water supply valves T4, T5, T6 provided respectively.
Is opened to supply tap water supplied from the water supply pipe 23 into the cisterns T1, T2, and T3.
A drain pan P is provided at the lower part of the heat pump cycle 2.
Is disposed to drain the drain water generated in the heat pump cycle 2 from the drain pipe 24. The water overflowing from the facility water cooling means 4 is also drained from the drain pipe 24.

(Description of Control Device 6) The control device 6 performs the above-described heating in accordance with an operation instruction from a controller (not shown) provided in the indoor air conditioner 5 and an input signal of each of a plurality of sensors provided. Water circulating pump P1 (Pressurized water circulating pump P1 '), Cooling / heat output water pump P2, Facility water circulating pump P
3, electric function parts such as water supply valves T4, T5, T6, heat radiation fan of facility water cooling means 4, and electric function parts of combustion device 3 (combustion fan 16, gas amount control valve 13, gas on-off valve 14, not shown) In addition to controlling the ignition device, the operation instruction of the indoor fan 20 is given to the indoor air conditioner 5.

(Explanation of Cooling Operation) The cooling device 1 described above
The operation of the cooling operation according to the above will be described with reference to the PT refrigeration cycle diagram of FIG. When the cooling operation is instructed by the controller of the indoor air conditioner 5, the control device 6 controls the combustion device 3, the cell moving means, the radiating fan and the heated water circulating pump P1 (pressurized water circulating pump P1 '), the cooling water output water pump P2, and the radiating heat. When the water circulation pump P3 operates,
The indoor fan 20 of the indoor air conditioner 5 for which cooling is instructed is turned on.

The plurality of cells S are slowly and continuously rotated by the cell moving means. As a result, the plurality of cells S move in the order of the hydrogen drive unit α → the first cold output unit β → the second cold output unit γ. That is, each upper vessel S1 moves in the order of the heating zone α1, the upper pressure boosting area β1, and the upper heat radiation area γ1, and each middle vessel S2 moves in the middle pressure boosting area α2 → the middle heat radiation area β2.
→ Movement in the order of the middle cooling power output area γ2, and each lower vessel S3 moves in the order of the lower heat radiation area α3 → the lower cooling power output area β3 → the unrelated area γ3.

In the cell S that has entered the hydrogen driving unit α, the upper vessel S1 contacts heated water, the middle vessel S2 contacts pressurized water,
The lower container S3 comes into contact with the facility water. When the upper vessel S1 comes into contact with heated water (80 ° C.), the internal pressure of the upper vessel S1 increases, and the high-temperature alloy HM releases hydrogen. Middle container S2
Comes into contact with the pressurized water (56 ° C), the middle vessel S2
Is increased to a pressure at which the intermediate temperature alloy MM does not absorb hydrogen. When the lower vessel S3 comes into contact with facility water (28 ° C.), the internal pressure of the lower vessel S3 decreases, and the low-temperature alloy LM absorbs hydrogen.

As described above, the upper vessel S1 touches the heated water in the heating zone α1, the middle vessel S2 touches the pressurized water in the middle boosting area α2, and the lower vessel S3 touches the facility water in the lower heat dissipation area α3. 80 ° C: 1.0MP in the upper vessel S1
a, the temperature in the middle vessel S2 is 56 ° C .: 1.0 MPa, the temperature in the lower vessel S3 is 28 ° C .: 0.9 MPa, the high-temperature alloy HM in the upper vessel S1 releases hydrogen (FIG. 8), and the lower vessel S
The low temperature alloy LM of No. 3 absorbs hydrogen (FIG. 8). The middle vessel S2 is heated by the pressurized water and has a high internal pressure, and the middle temperature alloy MM does not occlude hydrogen. Then, the cell S that has passed through the hydrogen driving unit α moves to the first cooling / heating unit β.

In the cell S that has entered the first cooling output section β, the upper vessel S1 contacts the pressurized water, the middle vessel S2 contacts the facility water, and the lower vessel S3 contacts the cooling output water. Upper container S1
Comes into contact with the pressurized water (58 ° C), so that the upper vessel S1
Is increased to a pressure at which the high-temperature alloy HM does not absorb hydrogen. When the middle vessel S2 comes into contact with facility water (28 ° C.), the internal pressure of the middle vessel S2 decreases, the middle temperature alloy MM absorbs hydrogen, and the low temperature alloy LM of the lower vessel S3 releases hydrogen. Since the low-temperature alloy LM releases hydrogen, the lower vessel S
Endothermic occurs in 3 and the cold output water that touches the lower vessel S3 is, for example, 13 ° C. when it enters, and is cooled to 7 ° C. The low-temperature alloy LM has a cooling output water of about 13 ° C.
The inner pressure of the lower vessel S3 is provided to be higher than the inner pressure of the middle vessel S2.

As described above, the upper vessel S1 is placed in the upper pressure step-up region β.
1 touches the pressurized water, the middle vessel S2 touches the facility water in the middle heat radiation area β2, and the lower vessel S3 touches the cold output water in the lower cold output area β3, so that the inside of the upper vessel S1 is 58 ° C .:
0.5MPa, 28 ℃ in the middle container S2: 0.4MP
a, The temperature in the lower vessel S3 becomes 13 ° C .: 0.5 MPa, the low-temperature alloy LM in the lower vessel S3 releases hydrogen (FIG. 8), and the medium-temperature alloy MM in the middle vessel S2 absorbs hydrogen (FIG. 8). . When the low-temperature alloy LM in the lower vessel S3 releases hydrogen, heat is taken from the cold output water that contacts the lower vessel S3 by an endothermic action to lower the temperature of the cold output water. The upper vessel S1 is heated by pressurized water and has a high internal pressure, and the high-temperature alloy HM does not occlude hydrogen. And
The cell S that has passed through the first cooling output unit β moves to the second cooling output unit γ.

In the cell S that has entered the second cold output section γ, the upper container S1 contacts the facility water, the middle container S2 contacts the cold output water, and the lower container S3 contacts the unrequired water. Upper container S1
Comes into contact with facility water (28 ° C), causing the upper vessel S1
, The high temperature alloy HM absorbs hydrogen, and the medium temperature alloy MM in the middle vessel S2 releases hydrogen. Medium temperature alloy MM
Releases hydrogen, so that heat is absorbed in the middle vessel S2,
For example, when the cold output water in contact with the middle vessel S2 is 13 ° C., it is cooled to 7 ° C. The medium-temperature alloy MM is provided so that the internal pressure of the middle vessel S2 becomes higher than the internal pressure of the upper vessel S1 when the cooling output water is about 13 ° C.

As described above, the upper vessel S1 is provided with the upper heat radiation area γ.
By contacting the facility water with 1, the inside of the upper container S1
° C: 0.1MPa, 13 ° C in the middle vessel S2: 0.2M
Pa, the interior of the lower container S3 is in the unquestioned state,
The middle temperature alloy MM releases hydrogen (FIG. 8), and the high temperature alloy HM in the upper vessel S1 stores hydrogen (FIG. 8). When the middle temperature alloy MM in the middle vessel S2 releases hydrogen, heat is taken from the cold output water that touches the middle vessel S2 by the endothermic action to lower the temperature of the cold output water. The temperature of the lower vessel S3 is irrelevant, and the low-temperature alloy LM of the lower vessel S3 does not occlude hydrogen. Then, the cell S that has passed through the second cooling output unit γ moves to the hydrogen driving unit α.

The low-temperature chilled output water whose heat has been taken off in the lower chilled output region β3 and the middle chilled output region γ2 of the heat pump cycle 2 is transferred to the indoor heat exchanger of the indoor air conditioner 5 through the chilled output water circulation path 21. The heat is exchanged with the air blown into the room, and the room is cooled.

[Effects of the Embodiment] Each container S1, S2, S3
Due to the large number of irregularities provided by joining the punching metal PM to the surface of the container, a turbulent flow is generated in the heat medium flowing on the surface of each of the containers S1, S2 and S3. As a result, each container S1, S
2, the flow of the heat medium toward the surface of S3 is formed, the chance of contact between the heat medium and the container increases, and the amount of heat transfer between the heat medium and the container increases, so that each of the containers S1, S2, S3
3 improves the heat exchange efficiency with the alloys LM, MM, and HM. Also, due to the unevenness of the punching metal PM,
The surface area of each of the containers S1, S2, S3 increases, the contact area between the surface of the container and the heat medium increases, and the amount of heat transfer between the heat medium and the container increases, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency. By joining the punching metal PM to each of the containers S1, S2, and S3, irregularities are provided on the surface of the container. Therefore, the container can be easily and inexpensively manufactured as compared with forming the irregularities by processing the container itself. Excellent productivity.

[Second Embodiment] FIGS. 9 and 10 show a second embodiment. FIG. 9 is a perspective view of a cell S, and FIG. 10 is a sectional view of the cell S. In the above embodiment, each container S1,
As an example of the means for providing irregularities on the surface of S2 and S3, an example is shown in which an irregularity forming member (punched metal PM) is joined to the surface of the container, but in the second embodiment, the irregularity is provided on the container itself. It is. Specifically, in this embodiment, each of the containers S1, S2, and S3 is provided in a flat container shape, and is provided in a state where irregularities are mixed on one surface of the container, and the other surface facing one surface is provided. Are provided on the irregularities along the irregularities on one surface. Note that, inside the container, a number of pressure-resistant columns (formed by corrugated fins, offset fins, and the like, not shown) that are joined between the inner facing surfaces are provided to prevent deformation of the container.

Further, the cell S of this embodiment will be specifically described. The containers S1, S2, S3 and the connecting part S5 are shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 0 (b), an alloy loading member Sa having three loading chambers for independently loading the alloys HM, MM, and LM, and a passage member Sb forming a hydrogen passage S4,
It is assembled in a state where the hydrogen storage alloy is loaded in each alloy loading member Sa and integrally formed by a joining method such as vacuum brazing or welding, and a vacuum is formed through an opening (not shown) provided in a part. After pulling, perform activation processing,
The opening is sealed by welding or the like by filling with hydrogen at a high pressure. The alloy loading member Sa and the passage member Sb
Is manufactured by press working using a metal plate such as stainless steel and copper that does not transmit hydrogen.

The outer shape of one cell S is shown in FIG. 9. Each container S1, S2, S3 has a flat container shape, and one side of each container S1, S2, S3 has a hydrogen passage S4 inside. The containers S1, S2, S3 and the connecting portion S5 are provided in a continuous uneven shape. This unevenness is constituted by a curved curved surface, and one surface constituting one container is provided in a state where the unevenness is mixed, and the other surface facing one surface has an uneven shape on one surface. It is provided on unevenness along the parallel. In other words, the irregularities are described as follows:
In one container, one or more convex portions and one or more concave portions are present. The specific concavo-convex shape is provided only in the axial direction (container connection direction), as shown in FIG. 10A, and each of the containers S1, S2,.
In S3, a rounded inverted W shape having one convex portion and two concave portions is provided.

Such irregularities are formed in each of the containers S1, S2, S3.
And at the connecting portion S5, the tensile stress and the compressive stress are applied to the opposing surfaces under the low pressure during evacuation, the hydrogen filling, and the high pressure during use during the production of the cell S, and the stresses cancel each other out. Since the deformation of the cell S is suppressed to a small value, and as a result, the pressure resistance is improved, each of the containers S1, S2, S3
The thickness of the container of the alloy loading member Sa can be reduced, and the heat conductivity due to the thickness of the container can be improved. Further, each container S1, S2,
By providing the irregularities in S3, the surface area of the container increases, the contact area between the container and the heat medium increases, the amount of heat transfer increases, and the heat medium flowing on the surface of the container and the hydrogen storage alloy in the container increase. Heat exchange efficiency is improved.

Since the concave and convex shapes of the containers S1, S2 and S3 are formed by curved surfaces, local stress concentration is reduced, pressure resistance is improved, and the thickness of the container can be reduced by this technique. The plurality of cells S are arranged radially around the rotation axis 8, but since the pitch of the unevenness is small, the dimension in the unevenness direction (stacking direction) can be reduced even if the curvature of the unevenness is reduced, and the cells S are arranged radially. Interference between cells S is suppressed. As a result, there is no need to reduce the number of cells S due to interference between cells S.

In the second embodiment, as an example of the unevenness of the container, an example in which one convex portion and two concave portions are provided in one container is shown, but one concave portion and two convex portions are provided. The pitch of the unevenness may be provided at another pitch, or the size in the unevenness direction may be provided at another size. In the second embodiment, as an example of the unevenness of the container, the unevenness is provided in the axial direction of the cell S (for example, the x-axis direction). Irregularities may be provided in the y-axis direction). That is, the container may be provided so that the container has a concave-convex curve when viewed from the axial direction of the cell S. Also,
Irregularities may be provided on both the x-axis and the y-axis. Further, the example in which the connecting portion S5 is also curved is shown, but it may be provided linearly. In the second embodiment, an example is shown in which the uneven shape is provided on a curved surface that is curved, but the uneven shape may be changed linearly, such as a zigzag shape. As a third embodiment, the surface area of the container may be increased by providing many small irregularities such as dimples of a golf ball.

[Modification] In the first embodiment, the punching metal PM is shown as an example of the unevenness forming member, but fins such as corrugated fins may be joined to form unevenness on the surface of the container. . In the above embodiment, the example in which the divider 9 is provided around each container has been described, but the divider 9 may not be used. FIG. 11 shows a specific example.
As shown in FIG. 2, the containers S1, S2, S3 are arranged in a state of being wound around the rotation shaft 8, and
, S2, S3 and other adjacent containers S1, S2, S3
May be provided so as to allow the heat medium to flow through the gap. Thus, even if the divider 9 is abolished, the distribution density of the hydrogen storage alloy in the water tank K is increased, and the gap is almost the same width. The heat exchange amount of the heat medium that exchanges heat with the occlusion alloy increases, and the efficiency of the heat pump cycle 2 can be increased.

In the above-described first and second embodiments, the example in which the plurality of cells S are continuously rotated by the cell moving means has been described. However, the cells S may be rotated intermittently. In the above embodiment, for ease of explanation, the upper container S1, the middle container S2, and the lower container S3 are shown as upper and lower parts in the drawing, but the upper and lower arrangement is changed or arranged horizontally. And so on. In such a case, of course, each heat medium supplied to each container is also replaced so that a heat pump cycle is established.

In the above embodiment, the plurality of cells S are
Although the example in which the type of the heat medium that touches each container is rotated by rotating the inside, the plurality of cells S may be fixed, and the type of the heat medium may be switched so as to touch each container. That is, for example, a rotary distributor that fixes a plurality of cells S and switches and outputs a plurality of heat media by rotation, and a collector that collects the distributed heat media again and returns the heat media to a heat medium source. Accordingly, the type of the heat medium may be switched and supplied to the heat medium passage 9 a inside the divider 9.

In the above-described embodiment, an example in which only the cooling operation is performed has been described. However, the heated water heated by the combustion device 3 is guided to the indoor heat exchanger 19 of the indoor air conditioner 5 to perform indoor heating by blowing hot air. You may provide so that it may perform. Further, in addition to the indoor air conditioner 5, the heating water may be provided to a floor heating mat, a bathroom dryer, or the like so that the floor heating or the bathroom drying may be performed.

In the above embodiment, an example was shown in which the heating medium (in the embodiment, pressurized water) in which the temperature of the upper vessel S1 whose temperature was raised in the heating zone α1 was raised and the temperature thereof was raised was used as the heat medium for pressure raising. Are heating means (for example, temperature rise by a combustion device,
A heat medium whose temperature has been increased by an electric heater, a temperature increase using exhaust heat, or the like may be used. In the above embodiment, an example in which a two-stage cycle is used as an example of the heat pump cycle 2 has been described. The above cycle may be used.

In the above embodiment, a multi air conditioner in which a plurality of indoor air conditioners 5 can be connected to one outdoor unit 7 has been described, but an air conditioner in which one indoor air conditioner 5 is connected to one outdoor unit 7 is shown. The present invention may be applied. In the above-described embodiment, the example in which the room is cooled by the heat medium for cooling output (cooling water in the embodiment) obtained by the heat pump cycle 2 is described. However, the refrigeration operation or the freezing operation is performed by the heating medium for cooling output. The present invention may be used as another cooling device. In the above embodiment, one heat pump unit (a unit in which a plurality of cells S are stored in one water tank K)
Although an example using the above is shown, the cooling capacity may be increased by mounting a plurality of heat pump units, and the heat pump unit may be used for a cooling device requiring a large cooling capacity such as a building air-conditioning system.

In the above embodiment, a gas combustion device for burning gas is used as a heating means for heating a heat medium for heating (heating water in the embodiment). Other combustion devices may be used, heating means for heating the heating medium for heating by exhaust heat of the internal combustion engine, steam by a boiler, heating means using an electric heater,
Other heating means may be used. When utilizing the exhaust heat of the internal combustion engine, it can also be used for vehicles.

In the above embodiment, tap water is used as an example of each heat medium. However, another heat medium such as antifreeze or oil may be used, or a gas heat medium such as air may be used. good. In the above embodiment, the cooling device that obtains a cold output by an endothermic action when the hydrogen storage alloy releases hydrogen is described as an example, but a heating apparatus that obtains a thermal output by a heat dissipation action when the hydrogen storage alloy absorbs hydrogen is described. The present invention may be applied to a device (for example, a heating device).

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view of a container (first embodiment).

FIG. 2 is a partial perspective view of a cell (first embodiment).

FIG. 3 is a sectional view of a cell provided with a divider (first embodiment).

FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a cell provided with a divider (first embodiment).

FIG. 5 is a schematic configuration diagram of a cooling device (first embodiment).

FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating the operation of a heat pump cycle (first embodiment).

FIG. 7 is a perspective view of a heat pump unit (first embodiment).

FIG. 8 is a PT refrigeration cycle diagram (first embodiment).

FIG. 9 is a perspective view of a cell (second embodiment).

FIG. 10 is a sectional view of a cell (second embodiment).

FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view showing a state where a plurality of cells are mounted around a rotation axis (modification).

FIG. 12 is a schematic configuration diagram of a cooling device (conventional example).

[Explanation of symbols]

 HM High-temperature alloy (hydrogen storage alloy) MM Medium-temperature alloy (hydrogen storage alloy) LM Low-temperature alloy (hydrogen storage alloy) S Cell S1 Upper container S2 Middle container S3 Lower container PM Punching metal (unevenness forming member)

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A heat utilization system using a hydrogen storage alloy utilizing heat absorption of hydrogen storage alloy during release of hydrogen or heat release during storage of hydrogen, wherein heat of a container in which the hydrogen storage alloy is sealed is used. A heat utilization system using a hydrogen storage alloy, characterized in that a portion in contact with a medium is provided with irregularities. 2. The heat utilization system using a hydrogen storage alloy according to claim 1, wherein the irregularities are formed by an irregularity forming member joined to the container. system. 3. The heat utilization system using a hydrogen storage alloy according to claim 2, wherein the unevenness forming member is a punching metal. 4. The heat utilization system using a hydrogen storage alloy according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of recesses or projections are formed on the surface of the container. system. 5. The heat utilization system using a hydrogen storage alloy according to claim 1, wherein the container is provided in a flat container shape, and one surface of the container is provided with a mixture of irregularities. A heat utilization system using a hydrogen storage alloy, wherein the other surface facing the one surface is provided with irregularities along the irregular shape of the one surface.