JP3859379B2 - Heat utilization system using hydrogen storage alloy - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention repeatedly performs hydrogen occlusion and desorption of a hydrogen occlusion alloy to obtain a cold output by using an endothermic effect that occurs when hydrogen is released, or a thermal output that utilizes a heat dissipation effect that occurs when occludes hydrogen. The present invention relates to a heat utilization system using a hydrogen storage alloy that obtains the above.
[0002]
[Prior art]
A heat utilization system using a hydrogen storage alloy includes a heat exchanger that performs heat exchange between the hydrogen storage alloy and the heat medium. The heat exchanger includes an alloy container that contains a hydrogen storage alloy. Since this alloy container requires pressure resistance, stainless steel is generally used.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Since the inside of the alloy container is exposed to hydrogen, if a heat utilization system using a hydrogen storage alloy is used for a long time, the stainless steel constituting the alloy container may cause brittle fracture due to hydrogen. This hinders the life span.
[0004]
OBJECT OF THE INVENTION
The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and its purpose is not to cause brittle fracture due to hydrogen even when a stainless steel material excellent in pressure resistance is used as an alloy container for storing a hydrogen storage alloy. To provide a heat utilization system using hydrogen storage alloy.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
[Means of Claim 1]
A heat utilization system using a hydrogen storage alloy uses heat absorption when hydrogen is released from the hydrogen storage alloy, or heat dissipation when hydrogen is stored.
A copper layer is provided on the inner surface of an alloy container made of stainless steel that houses the hydrogen storage alloy.
[0006]
[Means of claim 2]
In the heat utilization system using the hydrogen storage alloy of claim 1,
The copper layer is provided by a copper deposition technique.
[0007]
[Means of claim 3]
In the heat utilization system using the hydrogen storage alloy according to claim 2,
The alloy container is provided by joining a pair of plates,
The pair of plates are joined using copper as a brazing material,
The copper layer may be provided by using an excessive amount of brazing material for bonding, and depositing an excess amount of copper on the inner surface of the alloy container during brazing.
[0008]
[Means of claim 4]
In the heat utilization system using the hydrogen storage alloy according to claim 2,
The alloy container uses a clad material obtained by bonding a copper foil to a stainless steel plate,
The copper foil is melted at a high temperature and deposited on the inner surface of the alloy container.
[0009]
[Means of claim 5]
In the heat utilization system using the hydrogen storage alloy according to claim 4,
The alloy container is provided by joining a pair of plates made of the clad material,
In joining the pair of plates, the copper foil is used as a brazing material.
[0010]
Operation and effect of the invention
[Operation and effect of claim 1]
The copper layer provided on the inner surface of the alloy container is not brittlely broken by hydrogen. Accordingly, since the inner surface of the stainless steel material constituting the alloy container is protected by being covered with a copper layer, it does not undergo brittle fracture due to hydrogen even when used for a long time. For this reason, durability of an alloy container can be improved and the heat utilization system using a hydrogen storage alloy can be prolonged.
[0011]
[Operation and effect of claim 2]
Since the copper layer is provided on the inner surface of the alloy container by the vapor deposition technique, the copper layer can be reliably formed on all inner surfaces of the alloy container.
[0012]
[Operation and effect of claim 3]
Since a copper layer can be deposited on the inner surface of the alloy container using a brazing material that joins a pair of plates constituting the alloy container, the manufacture is facilitated.
[0013]
[Operations and effects of claims 4 and 5]
Since a clad material in which a copper foil is joined to a stainless steel plate is used, the number of work steps at the time of manufacturing the alloy container can be reduced, and the assembly work can be easily performed.
[0014]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described based on examples and modifications.
[Configuration of Example]
In this embodiment, a heat utilization system using a hydrogen storage alloy is applied to cooling for indoor air conditioning. The cooling device 1 will be described with reference to FIGS. In the cooling device 1 of this example, a two-stage cycle was used as an example of the heat exchange unit 2 using a hydrogen storage alloy.
[0015]
A schematic configuration of the cooling device 1 will be described with reference to FIG. The cooling device 1 includes a heat exchange unit 2 using a hydrogen storage alloy, a combustion device 3 that generates heated water for heating the hydrogen storage alloy (water corresponding to a heating medium in this embodiment), a hydrogen storage Facility water cooling means 4 that cools the facility water for cooling the alloy (water in this embodiment, which corresponds to a heat medium for heat dissipation) by heat radiation, and cooling heat that is cooled by heat absorption generated by the hydrogen releasing action of the hydrogen storage alloy It is comprised from the indoor air conditioner 5 which air-conditions a room | chamber interior with output water (it is water in a present Example corresponding to the heat medium for cold-heat output), and the control apparatus 6 which controls each electric functional component mounted.
[0016]
The heat exchange unit 2, the combustion device 3, the facility water cooling means 4 and the control device 6 are installed outdoors as an outdoor unit 7, and an indoor air conditioner 5 is arranged indoors. The cooling device 1 shown in the present embodiment is a so-called multi-air conditioner in which a plurality of indoor air conditioners 5 can be connected to one outdoor unit 7.
[0017]
(Description of heat exchange unit 2)
The heat exchange unit 2 includes a heat exchanger 8 that performs heat exchange between the hydrogen storage alloy and a plurality of heat media, and a distributor 9 that supplies and discharges the plurality of heat media. The heat exchanger 8 shown in the present embodiment has a cylindrical shape, and is provided so as to rotate around a columnar distributor 9 arranged in the horizontal direction (in FIG. 9, for convenience, the distributor 9 shows a figure arranged vertically).
[0018]
The heat exchanger 8 is formed by laminating a large number of flat ring disks R having a ring disk shape as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, and one ring disk R has a flat structure in which a hydrogen storage alloy is accommodated. Alloy housing chamber 10 {refer to the hatched portion in Fig. 3 (a), first to third containers S1 to S3} to be described later are arranged radially, and an alloy container in the stacking direction (a container constituting the alloy housing chamber 10). The heat medium passage 11 {refer to the hatched portion in FIG. 3B} is formed between the alloy container and the alloy container.
[0019]
One ring disk R is formed by facing and joining a pair of plates 12 and 13 (see FIG. 1) formed by press-forming a stainless steel plate, and the pair of plates 12 and 13 A recess for forming the alloy housing chamber 10 is formed on the surface, and a recess for forming the heat medium passage 11 is formed on the other surface.
As shown in FIG. 1, the heat exchanger 8 has a large number of ring disks R made of a pair of plates 12 and 13, and a connecting pipe S5 and an end for securing a hydrogen passage S4 at the outer end of the alloy container. In addition to assembling the closing lid S6, a cylindrical pipe S7 for distributor sliding contact seal is assembled on the inner periphery and joined by a joining method such as vacuum brazing or welding.
The cylindrical pipe S7 supplies and discharges the heat medium to and from the heat medium passages 11 in the heat exchanger 8 through a fixed side supply / discharge hole A1 (described later) formed on the outer peripheral surface of the distributor 9. A rotation side supply / discharge hole A2 (described later) is formed.
[0020]
Here, the ring disk R (the pair of plates 12 and 13), the connecting pipe S5, the end closing lid S6, and the cylindrical pipe S7 constituting the heat exchanger 8 are all made of stainless steel, and are in contact with hydrogen. A copper layer of several μm to several tens of μm is provided on the inner surface of the alloy container (inside the alloy housing chamber 10), the inner surfaces of the connecting pipe S5 and the end closing lid S6.
This copper layer is provided by a vapor deposition technique. In this embodiment, copper is used as a brazing material when joining the pair of plates 12 and 13 and an excessive amount of brazing material is used for joining. The excessive amount of copper, which is the brazing material, is formed by vapor deposition on the inner surface of the alloy container (inside the alloy storage chamber 10) and the inner surfaces of the connecting pipe S5 and the end closing lid S6 during brazing.
[0021]
Copper may be plated in advance on the joint surfaces of the pair of plates 12 and 13 by electroplating before brazing, or copper foil is sandwiched between the joint surfaces of the pair of plates 12 and 13. Brazing may be performed, or a pair of plates 12 and 13 may be formed by a clad material in which a copper foil is bonded to a stainless steel plate. In these cases, by increasing the copper plating thickness and the copper foil thickness and diverting a part of the plated copper or copper foil as a brazing material when joining the pair of plates 12 and 13, the work man-hours can be reduced. .
[0022]
The number of alloy containers formed in one ring disk R is 2 × n (n = a positive integer) when the heat exchange unit 2 is a one-stage cycle, and 3 × n when the heat exchange unit 2 is a two-stage cycle. In the case of a three-stage cycle, 4 × n. In this embodiment, a two-stage cycle is adopted and six alloy containers are formed on one ring disk R.
A plurality of alloy containers formed on one ring disk R are arranged in a shape wound around the center of the disk. Thereby, the filling effective rate of the hydrogen storage alloy in the space occupied by the heat exchange unit 2 is increased, and as a result, the heat exchange unit 2 can be downsized.
[0023]
The heat exchange unit 2 of the present embodiment uses a two-stage cycle as described above, and an alloy container formed by laminating a large number of ring disks R is a first container in which a high temperature alloy HM is enclosed. S1 communicates with the first container S1 through the hydrogen passage S4, the second container S2 in which the medium temperature alloy MM is sealed, communicates with the second container S2 through the hydrogen passage S4, and the low temperature alloy LM It is classified as an enclosed third container S3.
[0024]
Three kinds of hydrogen storage alloys with different hydrogen equilibrium pressures are used, and the high temperature alloy HM enclosed in the first vessel S1 is a high temperature hydrogen storage alloy powder having the same equilibrium hydrogen pressure and the highest hydrogen equilibrium temperature. The medium temperature alloy MM sealed in the second container S2 is a powder of medium temperature hydrogen storage alloy, and the low temperature alloy LM sealed in the third container S3 is the lowest in hydrogen equilibrium temperature at the same equilibrium hydrogen pressure. Temperature hydrogen storage alloy powder.
This relationship will be described with reference to the PT refrigeration cycle diagram of FIG. 10. The characteristics of the hydrogen storage alloy are relatively high temperature side (left side in the drawing), high temperature alloy HM, low temperature side is low temperature alloy LM, The middle temperature alloy MM is in the middle of both.
The powdered alloys HM, MM, and LM are filled in the first to third containers S1 to S3, evacuated, subjected to activation treatment, and filled with hydrogen at a high pressure, and then filled with alloys. The opening 14 is sealed and sealed with a metal lid (not shown).
[0025]
The cylindrical heat exchanger 8 is provided so as to rotate around a distributor 9 having a columnar shape. The heat exchanger 8 is continuously rotationally driven by rotational drive means (for example, means for rotationally driving the heat exchanger 8 directly or indirectly via a gear, a belt or the like by an electric motor).
[0026]
The configuration of the distributor 9 is shown in FIGS. The distributor 9 switches and supplies the heat medium that touches the first to third containers S1 to S3, and the cylindrical heat exchanger 8 rotates around the distributor 9 so that each alloy container is in contact with each other. The heat medium supplied to each heat medium passage 11 (between the stacking directions) is switched, and the first to third containers S1 to S3 connected by the hydrogen passage S4 are connected to the hydrogen driving unit α → first cooling output unit β. → Transition to the second cooling output unit γ (see FIG. 8).
[0027]
The hydrogen drive unit α is a part that forcibly moves the hydrogen in the first container S1 into the third container S3, and the first cold output unit β moves the hydrogen that has moved into the third container S3 to the second container S2. The second cold output part γ is a part for moving the hydrogen moved into the second container S2 to the first container S1.
The hydrogen driving part α, the first cooling output part β, and the second cooling output part γ are provided at approximately 120 ° intervals, and each fixed side supply / discharge hole A1 formed on the outer peripheral surface of the distributor 9 is provided. It is divided by the communication range (described later).
[0028]
The hydrogen drive unit α is supplied with a heating area α1 in which heated water (for example, about 80 ° C.) is supplied in contact with the first container S1, and a second pressure in which pressurized water (for example, about 56 ° C.) is in contact with the second container S2. The pressure increasing area α2 is provided with a third heat radiating area α3 to which facility water (for example, about 28 ° C.) in contact with the third container S3 is supplied.
The first cooling output unit β is supplied with a first pressure increase region β1 supplied with pressurized water (for example, about 58 ° C.) in contact with the first container S1, and with facility water (for example, about 28 ° C.) in contact with the second container S2. And a third heat output region β3 to which cold output water (for example, about 13 ° C.) in contact with the third container S3 is supplied.
The second cooling output unit γ has a first heat radiation area γ1 supplied with facility water (for example, about 28 ° C.) in contact with the first container S1, and a cold output water (for example, about 13 ° C.) in contact with the second container S2. A second cold power output region γ2 to be supplied is provided. Note that the temperature of the heat medium in contact with the third container S3 in the second cold output part γ is not questioned, and this part is defined as an unquestioned area γ3.
[0029]
Then, when the heat exchanger 8 is rotated by the rotation driving means, the group of the first containers S1 repeats the heating area α1 → the first pressure increasing area β1 → the first heat radiation area γ1, and the group of the second containers S2 is the second. The step-up region α2 → the second heat radiation region β2 → the second cooling output region γ2 is repeated, and the group of the third container S3 repeats the third heat radiation region α3 → the third cooling output region β3 → the unquestioned region γ3.
[0030]
Next, delivery of the heat medium between the distributor 9 and the heat exchanger 8 will be described.
As shown in FIG. 6, the distributor 9 is provided between the first block 9a for supplying and discharging the heat medium to and from the heat medium passage 11 formed between the first containers S1 and the second container S2. A second block 9b for supplying / discharging the heat medium to / from the formed heat medium passage 11 and a third block 9c for supplying / discharging the heat medium to / from the heat medium passage 11 formed between the third containers S3. Between the first block 9a and the second block 9b, the first joint 9d changing the flow of the heat medium by twisting 120 °, and between the second block 9b and the third block 9c. And a second joint 9e that changes the flow of the heat medium by twisting 120 °.
[0031]
In addition, although the divider | distributor 9 of this Example shows the serial connection supply type which supplies a heat medium in series to 1st-3rd containers S1-S3, as shown in FIG.6 and FIG.7 (b), As shown in FIG. 7A, a parallel connection supply type that supplies a heat medium in parallel to the first to third containers S1 to S3 may be adopted. Such a change in the series connection and the parallel connection can be easily made by changing the first to third blocks 9a to 9c, and the temperature change of the heat medium is cumulative due to the setting of the series connection and the parallel connection. (Serial connection) and uniform (parallel connection) can be selected, and the heat medium having the optimum temperature can be supplied to the first to third containers S1 to S3 of the heat exchanger 8.
[0032]
Each of the first to third blocks 9a to 9c is arranged corresponding to the hydrogen drive unit α, the first cold output unit β, and the second cold output unit γ, and supply and discharge of the heat medium according to each unit. A fixed-side supply / discharge hole A1 is formed.
Each fixed-side supply / discharge hole A1 will be specifically described with reference to FIG.
[0033]
The first block 9a includes a fixed-side supply / discharge hole A1 for supplying and discharging heated water to and from the heat medium passage 11 between the first containers S1 transferred to the heating area α1, and the first container transferred to the first pressure increase area β1. A fixed-side supply / discharge hole A1 for supplying and discharging pressurized water to and from the heat medium passage 11 between S1 and for supplying and discharging the facility water to the heat medium passage 11 between the first containers S1 transferred to the first heat radiation zone γ1. A fixed-side supply / discharge hole A1 is formed.
The second block 9b includes a fixed-side supply / discharge hole A1 for supplying / discharging pressurized water to / from the heat medium passage 11 between the second containers S2 transferred to the second pressure increase area α2, and the second heat dissipation area β2 to the second block 9b. Cooling output water is supplied to the heat medium passage 11 between the second container S2 and the fixed side supply / discharge hole A1 for supplying and discharging the facility water to and from the heat medium passage 11 between the two containers S2 and the second cooling output region γ2. A fixed side supply / discharge hole A1 for discharging is formed.
In the third block 9c, a fixed side supply / discharge hole A1 for supplying / exhausting the facility water to / from the heat medium passage 11 between the third containers S3 transferred to the third heat radiation area α3, and the third cooling output area β3 are transferred. A fixed side supply / discharge hole A1 for supplying / discharging cold output water to / from the heat medium passage 11 between the third containers S3, and the heat medium passage 11 between the third containers S3 transferred to the unquestioned region γ3, regardless of hydrogen transfer A fixed-side supply / discharge hole A1 for supplying and discharging water is formed.
Each of the fixed side supply / discharge holes A1 is arranged such that the supply side and the discharge side are shifted in the axial direction.
[0034]
A pipe for supplying / discharging the heat medium to / from the heat exchanger 8 is connected to the end of the distributor 9. In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 6, a pipe for a high-temperature heat medium (heating water, pressurized water) is connected to one end side (left side in FIG. 6) of the distributor 9, and the other end side ( On the right side of FIG. 6, piping for a low-temperature heat medium (land water, cold output water, unquestioned water) is connected. In this way, the pipe connected to the distributor 9 is a high-temperature system on one end side of the distributor 9 and a low-temperature system on the other end side so that the high-temperature heat medium and the low-temperature heat medium exchange heat. Problems that cause heat loss can be suppressed. In this embodiment, an example in which a heat medium supply / discharge pipe is connected to both ends of the distributor 9 is shown. However, a heat medium supply / discharge pipe is connected to only one end of the distributor 9, and a pipe mounting space is provided. May be reduced.
[0035]
As described above, the cylindrical pipe S7 for the sliding contact seal of the distributor is joined to the inner peripheral surface of the heat exchanger 8, and the fixed side supply / discharge hole A1 of the distributor 9 is formed in the cylindrical pipe S7. A plurality of rotation side supply / discharge holes A2 for supplying and discharging the heat medium are formed.
Since the heat exchanger 8 of this embodiment is formed by laminating a large number of ring disks R each having six alloy containers formed in the circumferential direction, the group of the first containers S1 adjacent in the laminating direction is the first block 9a. Six groups of second containers S2 arranged in the circumferential direction around the periphery of the second container S2 are arranged in the circumferential direction around the second block 9b, and groups of third containers S3 adjacent to each other in the stacking direction. Are arranged in the circumferential direction around the third block 9c.
For this reason, in the cylindrical pipe S7, 12 rotation side supply / discharge holes A2 in total for the supply side and the discharge side are formed for the six groups of the first containers S1, and the six holes of the second container S2 are formed. A total of 12 rotation-side supply / discharge holes A2 are formed for the group on the supply side and the discharge side, and a total of 12 rotations on the supply side and the discharge side for the six groups of the third container S3. A side supply / discharge hole A2 is formed.
Each of the rotation side supply / discharge holes A2 is arranged such that the supply side and the discharge side are shifted in the axial direction (alloy container stacking direction).
[0036]
As described above, the heat medium passage 11 is formed between the alloy containers adjacent to each other in the stacking direction, and each of the first, second, and third alloy containers S1, S2, and S3 is formed in the alloy container. Through holes A3 penetrating in the stacking direction are provided, and each heat medium passage 11 communicates with the adjacent heat medium passage 11 through the through hole A3.
The heat exchanger 8 of this embodiment is a parallel connection in which the heat medium supplied into the heat exchanger 8 from the supply side of the rotation side supply / discharge hole A2 of the cylindrical pipe S7 is distributed and supplied to each heat medium passage 11. The supply type is adopted. For this reason, each alloy container is formed with both a through hole A3 for supplying the heat medium and a through hole A3 for discharging the heat medium. The heat exchanger 8 includes a ring disk R1 (see FIG. 4a) in which each alloy container has both a through hole A3 for supplying a heat medium and a through hole A3 for discharging a heat medium, and a first container. A ring ring R2 for partitioning without a through hole A3 used for partitioning the boundary between the group of S1 and the group of the second container S2 and partitioning of the boundary between the group of the second container S2 and the group of the third container S3 (FIG. 4 and b)).
[0037]
The flow of the heat medium supplied into the heat exchanger 8 will be described with reference to FIG.
The heat medium supplied into the heat exchanger 8 from the supply side (upper side of FIG. 5) of the rotation side supply / discharge hole A2 is exchanged through the heat medium supply through hole A3 that connects the heat medium passages 11 to each other. It flows in the axial direction of the vessel (downward in FIG. 5) and is distributed and supplied to each heat medium passage 11 from the through hole A3 for supplying the heat medium.
The heat medium that has passed through each heat medium passage 11 is collected in a through hole A3 for discharging the heat medium that communicates with each heat medium path 11, and also through the through hole A3 for discharging the heat medium. In the axial direction (downward direction in FIG. 5).
Then, the heat medium flowing downward in FIG. 5 through the heat medium discharge through hole A3 flows from the discharge side (downward in FIG. 5) of the rotation side supply / discharge hole A2 to the fixed supply / discharge hole A1 ( Discharged to the discharge side).
That is, in each of the containers S1, S2, and S3 of the heat exchanger 8, the heat medium flows in the axial direction through the through hole A3 provided through the alloy container in the stacking direction. The supply side and the discharge side of the provided rotation side supply / discharge hole A2 can be shifted in the axial direction.
[0038]
(Description of components other than the above in the heat exchange unit 2)
Reference numeral 15 shown in FIG. 9 is a booster water circulation path for circulating the booster water between the first booster zone β1 and the second booster zone α2, and the booster water is circulated by a booster water circulation pump P1 ′ provided in the middle. The pressurized water uses water whose temperature has increased due to heat transfer from the first container S1 whose temperature has increased in the heating region α1, and the temperature of the pressurized water in the first pressure region β1 during operation of the heat exchange unit 2. Is approximately 58 ° C., for example, and the temperature of the boosted water in the second pressure increasing region α 2 is approximately 56 ° C.
[0039]
(Description of combustion device 3)
The combustion apparatus 3 according to the present embodiment uses a gas combustion apparatus that burns gas as fuel to generate heat and heats heated water by the generated heat. The gas burner 16 performs gas combustion, and the gas burner. A gas supply circuit 19 having a gas amount adjusting valve 17 and a gas opening / closing valve 18 for supplying gas to the gas 16, a combustion fan 20 for supplying combustion air to the gas burner 16, and heat exchange between the combustion heat of the gas and the heating water It comprises a heat exchanger 21 and the like.
The heated water is heated to, for example, about 80 ° C. with the heat obtained by gas combustion of the gas burner 16, and the heated heated water is supplied to the heating zone α1 through the heated water circulation path 22 equipped with the heated water circulation pump P1. To do.
The heating water circulation pump P1 of this embodiment is a tandem pump that is driven by a dual-purpose motor that drives the pressurized water circulation pump P1 '. For this reason, when heated water is supplied from the combustion device 3 to the heat exchange unit 2, the pressurized water is also provided so as to circulate.
[0040]
(Description of indoor air conditioner 5)
The indoor air conditioner 5 is arranged indoors as described above, and forcibly exchanges heat between the indoor heat exchanger 23 and cold output water supplied to the indoor heat exchanger 23 and indoor air. An indoor fan 24 is provided for blowing the air after heat exchange into the room. The indoor heat exchanger 23 is connected to a cold output water circulation path 25 that circulates the cold output water supplied from the third cold output area β3 and the second cold output area γ2. In the machine 7), a cold output water pump P2 (corresponding to an output pump) for circulating the cold output water is provided.
[0041]
(Description of facility water cooling means 4)
The facility water cooling means 4 is a water-cooled open type cooling tower, and the facility water cooled by the facility water cooling means 4 is supplied to the third heat radiation zone α3, second by the facility water circulation path 26 provided with the facility water circulation pump P3. It is supplied to the heat radiation area β2 and the first heat radiation area γ1.
The facility water cooling means 4 radiates the facility water that has passed through the third radiating region α3, the second radiating region β2, and the first radiating region γ1 from the top to the bottom and radiates heat by exchanging heat with the outside air. At the same time, it partially evaporates during the flow, takes heat of vaporization from the facility water flowing at the time of evaporation, and cools the flowing facility water. The facility water cooling means 4 includes a heat dissipation fan (not shown), and is provided so as to promote evaporation and cooling of the facility water by an air flow generated by the heat dissipation fan.
In this embodiment, a water-cooled open type cooling tower is shown as the facility water cooling means 4, but a water-cooled sealed type or an air-cooled sealed type in which the facility water (heat-dissipating heat medium) exchanges heat without touching the air. A cooling means may be used.
[0042]
Here, the heating water circulation path 22, the cooling / heating output water circulation path 25, and the facility water circulation path 26 described above have cis-turns T1, T2, and T3, respectively, and the water levels in the cis-turns T1, T2, and T3 are lowered below a predetermined water level. Then, the water supply valves T4, T5, and T6 provided to the respective valves are opened so that the tap water supplied from the water supply pipe 27 is replenished into the cisterns T1, T2, and T3.
In addition, a drain pan P is disposed at the lower part of the heat exchange unit 2 so as to drain the drain water generated in the heat exchange unit 2 from the drain pipe 28. The water overflowing from the facility water cooling means 4 is also provided to drain from the drain pipe 28.
[0043]
(Description of the control device 6)
The control device 6 responds to an operation instruction from a controller provided in the indoor air conditioner 5 and an input signal of each of a plurality of sensors, and the above-described heated water circulation pump P1 (pressurized water circulation pump P1 '), cold output water Pump P2, facility water circulation pump P3, water supply valves T4, T5, T6, electrical function parts such as a heat radiation fan of the facility water cooling means 4, and electrical function parts of the combustion device 3 (ignition device not shown, gas amount control valve 17, The gas on-off valve 18 and the combustion fan 20 are controlled, and an operation instruction for the indoor fan 24 is given to the indoor air conditioner 5.
[0044]
(Description of cooling operation)
The operation of the cooling operation by the cooling device 1 will be described with reference to the PT refrigeration cycle diagram of FIG.
When the cooling operation is instructed by the controller of the indoor air conditioner 5, the control device 6 causes the combustion device 3, the rotation driving means, the heat radiating fan, the heating water circulation pump P1 (pressure-boosting water circulation pump P1 '), the cold output water pump P2, and the heat radiation. The water circulation pump P3 is activated, and the indoor fan 24 of the indoor air conditioner 5 instructed to be cooled is turned on.
[0045]
The heat exchanger 8 continuously rotates by the rotation driving means. As a result, a large number of alloy containers move in the order of the hydrogen drive unit α → the first cold output unit β → the second cold output unit γ.
That is, each first container S1 moves in the order of heating area α1 → first pressure increasing area β1 → first heat radiation area γ1, and each second container S2 moves to second pressure increasing area α2 → second heat radiation area β2 → second cold heat. The third container S3 moves in the order of the output region γ2, and the third containers S3 move in the order of the third heat radiation region α3 → the third cooling output region β3 → the unquestioned region γ3.
[0046]
When moving to the hydrogen drive unit α, the first container S1 touches the heated water, the second container S2 touches the pressurized water, and the third container S3 touches the facility water.
When the first container S1 comes into contact with heated water (80 ° C.), the internal pressure of the first container S1 rises, and the high temperature alloy HM releases hydrogen.
When the second container S2 touches the pressurized water (56 ° C.), the internal pressure of the second container S2 rises to a pressure at which the intermediate temperature alloy MM does not occlude hydrogen.
When the third container S3 comes into contact with the facility water (28 ° C.), the internal pressure of the third container S3 decreases, and the low temperature alloy LM occludes hydrogen.
[0047]
Thus, the first container S1 touches the heated water in the heating area α1, the second container S2 touches the pressurized water in the second pressure increasing area α2, and the third container S3 touches the facility water in the third heat radiating area α3. As a result, the inside of the first container S1 is 80 ° C .: 1.0 MPa, the inside of the second container S2 is 56 ° C .: 1.0 MPa, the inside of the third container S3 is 28 ° C .: 0.9 MPa, and the high temperature alloy HM of the first container S1. Releases hydrogen ((1) in FIG. 10), and the low temperature alloy LM in the third container S3 occludes hydrogen ((2) in FIG. 10). The second container S2 is heated by the pressurized water and has a high internal pressure, and the intermediate temperature alloy MM does not occlude hydrogen.
And if it passes hydrogen drive part alpha, it will move to the 1st cold output part beta after that.
[0048]
When moving to the first cold output unit β, the first container S1 touches the pressurized water, the second container S2 touches the facility water, and the third container S3 touches the cold output water.
When the first container S1 comes into contact with the pressurized water (58 ° C.), the internal pressure of the first container S1 rises to a pressure at which the high temperature alloy HM does not occlude hydrogen.
When the second container S2 touches the facility water (28 ° C.), the internal pressure of the second container S2 decreases, the intermediate temperature alloy MM occludes hydrogen, and the low temperature alloy LM of the third container S3 releases hydrogen.
Since the low temperature alloy LM releases hydrogen, heat is generated in the third container S3, and the cold output water touching the third container S3 is cooled to, for example, 7 ° C. The low temperature alloy LM is provided so that the internal pressure of the third container S3 is higher than the internal pressure of the second container S2 when the cold output water is about 13 ° C.
[0049]
In this way, the first container S1 touches the pressurized water in the first pressurizing area β1, the second container S2 touches the facility water in the second heat radiating area β2, and the third container S3 touches the chilled heat output in the third cold power output area β3. By touching water, the inside of the first container S1 is 58 ° C .: 0.5 MPa, the inside of the second container S2 is 28 ° C .: 0.4 MPa, the inside of the third container S3 is 13 ° C .: 0.5 MPa, and the third container S3 The low temperature alloy LM releases hydrogen ((3) in FIG. 10), and the intermediate temperature alloy MM in the second container S2 occludes hydrogen ((4) in FIG. 10). When the low temperature alloy LM in the third container S3 releases hydrogen, the heat is taken from the cold output water that touches the third container S3 due to the endothermic effect, and the temperature of the cold output water is lowered. The first container S1 is heated by the pressurized water and has a high internal pressure, and the high temperature alloy HM does not occlude hydrogen.
And if it passes the 1st cold-heat output part (beta), it will move to the 2nd cold-heat output part (gamma) after that.
[0050]
When the process proceeds to the second cold output unit γ, the first container S1 touches the facility water, the second container S2 touches the cold output water, and the third container S3 touches the unquestioned water.
When the first container S1 touches the facility water (28 ° C.), the internal pressure of the first container S1 decreases, the high temperature alloy HM occludes hydrogen, and the medium temperature alloy MM of the second container S2 releases hydrogen.
Since the intermediate temperature alloy MM releases hydrogen, heat is generated in the second container S2, and the cold output water touching the second container S2 is cooled to, for example, 7 ° C. The intermediate temperature alloy MM is provided so that the internal pressure of the second container S2 is higher than the internal pressure of the first container S1 when the cold output water is about 13 ° C.
[0051]
Thus, when the first container S1 touches the facility water in the first heat radiation zone γ1, the inside of the first container S1 is 28 ° C .: 0.1 MPa, the inside of the second container S2 is 13 ° C .: 0.2 MPa, and the third The inside of the container S3 becomes unquestioned, the intermediate temperature alloy MM in the second container S2 releases hydrogen ((5) in FIG. 10), and the high temperature alloy HM in the first container S1 occludes hydrogen ((6) in FIG. 10). ). When the intermediate temperature alloy MM in the second container S2 releases hydrogen, the heat is taken from the cold output water that touches the second container S2 by the endothermic action, and the temperature of the cold output water is lowered. The temperature of the third container S3 is irrelevant, and the low temperature alloy LM of the third container S3 does not occlude hydrogen.
And if it passes the 2nd cold-power output part (gamma), it will move to the hydrogen drive part (alpha) after that.
[0052]
The low-temperature cold output water deprived of heat in the third cold output area β3 and the second cold output area γ2 of the heat exchange unit 2 is supplied to the indoor heat exchanger of the indoor air conditioner 5 via the cold output water circulation path 25. Heat is exchanged with the air supplied to the room 23 and blown into the room to cool the room.
[0053]
[Effects of Examples]
As shown in the above-mentioned embodiment, a copper layer of several μm to several tens of μm is formed on the inner surface of the alloy container (inside the alloy containing chamber 10) that comes into contact with hydrogen, the inner surface of the connecting pipe S5 and the end closing lid S6. Is formed. The copper layer is not brittlely destroyed by hydrogen. Therefore, the stainless steel material constituting the alloy container, the connecting pipe S5 and the end closing lid S6 is protected by being covered with a copper layer on the inner surface, so that it does not undergo brittle fracture due to hydrogen even when used for a long time. . For this reason, the durability of the heat exchanger 8 in contact with hydrogen can be increased, and the durability of the cooling device 1 can be improved.
[0054]
[Modification]
In the above embodiment, an example in which a copper layer is formed by vapor deposition of a copper material has been shown. However, a stainless steel material (a clad material joined with a copper foil, a stainless steel plated with copper). The plates 12 and 13 may be joined by a brazing material having a melting point lower than that of copper. Thus, a copper layer may be formed in the alloy container using a technique other than vapor deposition.
[0055]
In the above embodiment, an example in which a plurality of alloy storage chambers 10 are formed by a pair of plates 12 and 13 has been shown. However, as shown in FIG. A plurality of the alloy storage chambers 10 may be arranged around the rotating shaft and provided in a flat disk shape, and a cylindrical heat exchanger 8 may be manufactured by stacking alloy containers in the axial direction. In addition, the pair of plates 12 and 13 forming each alloy storage chamber 10 are only in contact with each other in the circumferential direction and are not welded. By providing the heat exchanger 8 in this way, the error of the disk is absorbed between the pair of plates 12 and 13 adjacent in the circumferential direction when the heat exchanger 8 is manufactured, and as a result, the heat exchanger 8 having a cylindrical shape can be easily obtained. Can be manufactured.
[0056]
In the above embodiment, the cylindrical heat exchanger 8 having a circular outer periphery is shown. However, the hexagonal column-shaped heat exchanger 8 having a hexagonal outer periphery is provided, and a rotation-side supply / discharge hole is provided at the center side. A cylindrical pipe S7 on which A2 is formed may be provided.
[0057]
In the above embodiment, an example in which a parallel connection supply type in which the heat medium turns on the outer peripheral side of the heat exchanger 8 and returns to the inside is adopted is shown, but it is shown in FIG. As described above, a parallel connection supply type that employs the heat medium passage 11 in which the heat medium does not turn may be employed. Further, a series connection supply type as shown in FIGS. 12B and 12C, or a mixed type of parallel connection and series connection as shown in FIG. 12D may be adopted.
In the above embodiment, an example in which the present invention is applied to the heat exchanger 8 in which the flat ring disks R are stacked is shown. However, the present invention is applied to a fin type heat exchanger in which alloy containers are radially arranged along the rotation axis. The invention may be applied.
[0058]
In the above-described embodiment, an apparatus for cooling only is shown as an example, but the present invention may be applied to an air conditioning apparatus. As a specific example, the heating water heated by the combustion device 3 may be provided to guide the indoor heat exchanger 23 of the indoor air conditioner 5 to perform indoor heating. Further, the heating water heated by the combustion device 3 may be connected to a floor heating mat, a bathroom dryer, or the like, and floor heating, bathroom heating, or the like may be performed by supplying heated water.
[0059]
In the above embodiment, the example in which the heat exchanger 8 is continuously rotated by the rotation driving means has been described. However, the heat exchanger 8 may be intermittently rotated.
In the above-described embodiment, an example in which the rotation shaft (distributor 9) of the heat exchanger 8 is arranged horizontally is shown, but it may be arranged vertically or obliquely. Further, the arrangement order of the first container S1, the second container S2, and the third container S3 may be modified so that the heat exchange unit touching each alloy container can also be realized by the heat exchange unit.
[0060]
In the above-described embodiment, an example is shown in which the heat medium (the pressurized water in the embodiment) that has been heated by cooling the first container S1 that has been heated in the heating region α1 is used as the pressure medium. You may use the heat medium heated up by the heating means (For example, the temperature rising by a combustion apparatus, the temperature rising by an electric heater, the temperature rising using exhaust heat, etc.).
In the above-described embodiment, an example in which a two-stage cycle is used as an example of the heat exchange unit 2 has been described.
[0061]
In the above embodiment, a multi air conditioner in which a plurality of indoor air conditioners 5 can be connected to one outdoor unit 7 is shown. However, the present invention is applied to an air conditioner in which one indoor air conditioner 5 is connected to one outdoor unit 7. It may be applied.
In the above embodiment, an example in which the room is cooled with the heat medium for cooling output (cold output water in the embodiment) obtained by the heat exchange unit 2 is shown. The present invention may be used as another cooling device such as a freezing operation.
In the above embodiment, an example in which one heat exchange unit 2 (a unit constituted by one distributor 9 and one heat exchanger 8) is used is shown, but a plurality of heat exchange units 2 are mounted. The cooling capacity may be increased and used for a cooling apparatus that requires a large cooling capacity such as a building air conditioning system.
[0062]
In the above embodiment, the gas combustion apparatus for burning gas is used as the heating means for heating the heating medium (heating water in the embodiment), but other combustion such as an oil combustion apparatus for burning oil is used. An apparatus may be used, and other heating means such as a heating means for heating a heat medium for heating by exhaust heat of the internal combustion engine, a steam by a boiler, a heating means using an electric heater, or the like may be used. In addition, when utilizing the exhaust heat of an internal combustion engine, it can also use for vehicles.
In the above embodiment, tap water is used as an example of each heat medium, but other liquid heat medium such as antifreeze liquid or oil may be used, or a gas heat medium such as air may be used.
In the above embodiment, the cooling device that obtains the cold output by the endothermic action when the hydrogen storage alloy releases hydrogen is shown as an example, but the heating that obtains the thermal output by the heat release action when the hydrogen storage alloy absorbs hydrogen. The present invention may be applied to a device (for example, a heating device).
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a heat exchanger (Example).
FIG. 2 is a plan view of a ring disk (Example).
FIG. 3 is an explanatory view of an alloy storage chamber and a heat medium passage (Example).
FIG. 4 is a plan view of a ring disk (Example).
FIG. 5 is an explanatory view showing the flow of a heat medium in the heat exchanger (Example).
FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing a flow of a heat medium by a distributor (Example).
FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram of parallel connection supply and series connection supply in a distributor (Example).
FIG. 8 is an operation explanatory view of a heat exchange unit (Example).
FIG. 9 is a schematic configuration diagram of a cooling device (Example).
FIG. 10 is a PT refrigeration cycle diagram (Example).
FIG. 11 is a plan view of a ring disk (modified example).
FIG. 12 is an explanatory view showing the flow of the heat medium in the heat exchanger (modified example).
[Explanation of symbols]
HM high temperature alloy (hydrogen storage alloy)
MM Medium temperature alloy (hydrogen storage alloy)
LM Low temperature alloy (hydrogen storage alloy)
S1 first container (alloy container)
S2 Second container (alloy container)
S3 3rd container (alloy container)
8 Heat exchangers 12 and 13 A pair of plates

Claims (5)

A heat utilization system using a hydrogen storage alloy that utilizes heat absorption during hydrogen release of the hydrogen storage alloy or heat dissipation during hydrogen storage,
A heat utilization system using a hydrogen storage alloy, characterized in that a copper layer is provided on the inner surface of a stainless steel alloy container containing the hydrogen storage alloy. In the heat utilization system using the hydrogen storage alloy of claim 1,
The heat utilization system using a hydrogen storage alloy, wherein the copper layer is provided by a copper vapor deposition technique. In the heat utilization system using the hydrogen storage alloy according to claim 2,
The alloy container is provided by joining a pair of plates,
The pair of plates are joined using copper as a brazing material,
The copper layer uses an excessive amount of brazing material for the joining, and an excess amount of brazing material copper is deposited on the inner surface of the alloy container at the time of brazing. Heat utilization system using In the heat utilization system using the hydrogen storage alloy according to claim 2,
The alloy container uses a clad material obtained by bonding a copper foil to a stainless steel plate,
The heat utilization system using a hydrogen storage alloy, wherein the copper foil is melted at a high temperature and deposited on the inner surface of the alloy container. In the heat utilization system using the hydrogen storage alloy according to claim 4,
The alloy container is provided by joining a pair of plates made of the clad material,
A heat utilization system using a hydrogen storage alloy, wherein the copper foil is diverted as a brazing material when joining the pair of plates.

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