JP3734949B2 - Heat utilization system container using hydrogen storage alloy and method of filling hydrogen into the container - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention repeatedly stores and releases hydrogen in a hydrogen storage alloy to obtain cold using the endothermic effect that occurs during the release of hydrogen, or obtains warmth using the heat dissipation effect that occurs during the storage of hydrogen. The present invention relates to a container for enclosing a hydrogen storage alloy in a heat utilization system using a hydrogen storage alloy, and a method for filling the container with hydrogen.
[0002]
[Prior art]
A conventional heat utilization system using a hydrogen storage alloy uses a plurality of containers filled with hydrogen filled with a hydrogen storage alloy. A technique of evacuating a container filled with a hydrogen storage alloy and then filling hydrogen with high pressure from the opening hole and then closing the opening hole is to close the opening hole by a welding operation.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
When the opening hole of the container is closed by welding, there is a problem that high-pressure hydrogen in the container leaks from the opening hole, the hydrogen release and storage capacity of the hydrogen storage alloy decreases, and the capacity of the heat utilization system decreases. It was.
In addition, during the operation of closing the opening hole, there is a possibility that heat during welding may ignite hydrogen in the container.
[0004]
OBJECT OF THE INVENTION
The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and the purpose thereof is to suppress hydrogen leakage when filling a hydrogen container containing hydrogen and closing the opening hole, and to introduce hydrogen into the internal hydrogen. It is in providing the container of the heat | fever utilization system using the hydrogen storage alloy which can eliminate a flash, and the hydrogen filling method to the container.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The heat utilization system using the hydrogen storage alloy of the present invention employs the following technical means in order to achieve the above object.
(Means of Claim 1)
A container that encloses a hydrogen storage alloy used in a heat utilization system using a hydrogen storage alloy that utilizes heat absorption during hydrogen release of the hydrogen storage alloy or heat dissipation during hydrogen storage of the hydrogen storage alloy,
The container that encloses the hydrogen storage alloy is provided with an opening hole that is filled with hydrogen with an outer cylinder that faces the outside of the container,
It is closed by a lid having an inner cylinder that matches the inner diameter of this outer cylinder,
The outer cylinder and the inner cylinder are formed of a material having a large heat capacity,
The lid is press-fitted into the opening hole,
The overlap margin between the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder is joined by welding.
[0006]
(Means of Claim 2)
A method of filling hydrogen into a container used in a heat utilization system using a hydrogen storage alloy utilizing heat absorption during hydrogen release of the hydrogen storage alloy or heat dissipation during hydrogen storage of the hydrogen storage alloy, wherein the hydrogen storage alloy is The container to be sealed is provided with an opening hole filled with hydrogen closed by a lid,
The hydrogen storage alloy contained in the container is absorbed by hydrogen. Warehouse temperature The opening hole is joined to the lid by welding in a state in which the hydrogen is occluded in the hydrogen storage alloy and the inside of the container is made equal to the atmospheric pressure.
[0007]
Operation and effect of the invention
(Operation and effect of claim 1)
After the lid is press-fitted into the opening hole, the overlap of the outer cylinder of the opening hole and the inner cylinder of the lid is welded, so there is no leakage during welding. For this reason, it is possible to prevent the hydrogen release and storage capacity of the hydrogen storage alloy from being reduced due to hydrogen leakage.
The overlap margin at which welding is performed is away from the inside of the container and has a large heat capacity, so that high heat during welding is difficult to transfer to hydrogen in the container. Therefore, the hydrogen filling the container is not ignited, and the temperature rise of the hydrogen storage alloy enclosed in the container can be suppressed.
[0008]
(Operation and effect of claim 2)
During welding, hydrogen is occluded in the hydrogen storage alloy, and the inside of the container becomes atmospheric pressure, and neither hydrogen leaks from the container nor air enters the container. Capability reduction can be prevented.
Since hydrogen is stored in the hydrogen storage alloy and the amount of hydrogen that fills the container is reduced, ignition of hydrogen is prevented.
[0009]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described based on examples and modifications.
[Configuration of the first embodiment]
In the first embodiment, the heat utilization system using the hydrogen storage alloy of the present invention is applied to a cooling device for indoor air conditioning. This first embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS.
[0010]
(General description of the cooling device 1)
A schematic configuration of the cooling device 1 of the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. In this example, a two-stage cycle was used as an example of the heat pump cycle 2 using a hydrogen storage alloy.
[0011]
The cooling device 1 to which the present embodiment is applied is broadly divided into a heat pump cycle 2 using a hydrogen storage alloy, and heated water for heating the hydrogen storage alloy (corresponding to a heating medium for heating, water in this embodiment). , A facility water cooling means 4 that cools the facility water for cooling the hydrogen storage alloy (which corresponds to a heat medium for heat dissipation, water in this embodiment) by radiation, and a hydrogen release action of the hydrogen storage alloy The indoor air conditioner 5 for air-conditioning the room with cold output water cooled by the heat absorption generated by the water (corresponding to a heat medium for cold output, in this embodiment, water), and control for controlling each mounted electric functional component The apparatus 6 is comprised.
[0012]
The heat pump cycle 2, the combustion device 3, the facility water cooling means 4, and the control device 6 are installed outdoors as an outdoor unit 7, and an indoor air conditioner 5 is arranged indoors. The cooling device 1 shown in the present embodiment is a so-called multi-air conditioner in which a plurality of indoor air conditioners 5 can be connected to one outdoor unit 7.
[0013]
(Description of heat pump cycle 2)
The heat pump cycle 2 of this embodiment uses a two-stage cycle as described above. As shown in FIG. 5, an upper vessel S1 in which a hydrogen storage alloy is sealed, and a hydrogen passage S4 in the upper vessel S1. A plurality of cells S including a middle vessel S2 in which a hydrogen storage alloy is enclosed, and a lower vessel S3 in which a hydrogen storage alloy is enclosed, communicated through the hydrogen passage S4 in the middle vessel S2 are used. In this embodiment, 12 to 18 cells S were used.
[0014]
Three types of hydrogen storage alloys with different hydrogen equilibrium pressures are used. In the upper vessel S1, high temperature hydrogen storage alloy (hereinafter referred to as high temperature alloy HM) powder with the same equilibrium hydrogen pressure and the highest hydrogen equilibrium temperature is contained. The intermediate vessel S2 is filled with powder of medium temperature hydrogen storage alloy (hereinafter referred to as intermediate temperature alloy MM), and the lower vessel S3 is filled with low temperature hydrogen storage alloy with the same equilibrium hydrogen pressure and the lowest hydrogen equilibrium temperature ( Hereinafter, the powder of the low temperature alloy LM) is encapsulated.
This will be described with reference to the PT refrigeration cycle diagram of FIG. 7. The characteristics of the hydrogen storage alloy are relatively high temperature side (left side in the drawing), high temperature alloy HM, and low temperature side is low temperature alloy LM. The intermediate temperature alloy MM is between the two.
[0015]
One cell S is formed of stainless, copper, or other metal that does not permeate hydrogen, and the upper, middle, and lower containers S1, S2, and S3 are formed in the middle of a flat container by a joining method such as vacuum brazing or welding. Then, after putting the hydrogen storage alloy inside each container, each container is joined by the connecting portion S5 constituting the hydrogen passage S4, and then the inside vacuum is drawn from the opening hole A formed in a part of the cell S. After the activation, an activation treatment is performed, hydrogen is filled at a high pressure, the opening B is covered with a lid B, and the resultant is sealed by welding.
[0016]
This structure will be specifically described with reference to FIG.
The opening hole A of this embodiment is provided in the activated joint fitting G joined to the connecting portion S5. This activated joint fitting G is formed by machining a stainless steel block having a large heat capacity, and a cylindrical outer cylinder A1 is provided outside the opening hole A toward the outside by machining.
The lid B that closes the opening hole A is also formed by machining a stainless steel block having a large heat capacity, and is provided with an outer diameter slightly larger than the inner diameter of the outer cylinder A1, and overlaps the inner side of the outer cylinder A1. A cylinder B1 is provided so that the inside of the cell S is simply sealed when the lid B is press-fitted into the opening hole A. The overlap margin between the outer cylinder A1 and the inner cylinder B1 which are press-fitted and overlapped is joined by a welding technique such as laser welding or TIG welding, and the inside of the cell S is provided in a sealed state.
[0017]
A method for filling hydrogen into the cell S will be described with reference to FIG.
First, as shown in FIG. 1A, the connecting portion S5 to which the activated joint fitting G is joined is sandwiched by a jig J. The jig J is provided with a press-fitting piston J1 for press-fitting the lid B into the opening hole A, and the lid B is set inside the lid insertion passage J2 at the retracted position of the piston J1. . The lid insertion passage J2 is provided with a communication passage J3 communicating with the opening hole A. When the lid is set in the lid insertion passage J2 (see the retracted position of the piston J1 and the broken line position), the communication passage J3 is provided. Is in a state of communicating with the opening hole A. Reference numerals J4 and J5 in the figure denote O-rings for bringing the jig J and the activated joint fitting G into close contact when the activation joint fitting G is sandwiched by the jig J.
Next, after the inside of the cell S is evacuated from the communication passage J3, an activation process is performed, and hydrogen is charged at a high pressure.
Next, the piston J1 is moved to press-fit the lid B into the opening hole A. As a result, the inside of the cell S is simply sealed as described above. In this state, the cell S is cooled, and the internal hydrogen storage alloy is cooled below the hydrogen storage temperature of the high temperature alloy HM (for example, 4 ° C. or less). Then, the hydrogen filled in the cell S is stored in the hydrogen storage alloy, and the pressure in the cell S becomes the same as the atmospheric pressure.
[0018]
In this state, the cell S is removed from the jig J, and the overlap margin between the outer cylinder A1 and the inner cylinder B1 is joined by a welding technique. The overlap between the outer cylinder A1 and the inner cylinder B1 is made of stainless steel with a large heat capacity, it is difficult for the heat of welding to be transferred to the inside, and the hydrogen filled in the cell S is occluded by the hydrogen storage alloy to fill the inside. Since the amount of hydrogen to be reduced is reduced, ignition during welding is prevented. Further, during this welding, since the pressure in the cell S is the same as the atmospheric pressure, hydrogen does not leak from the cell S before the welding is completed, or air does not enter the cell S. That is, it is possible to prevent hydrogen leakage and the like before the welding is completed after the jig J is removed, and it is possible to prevent the hydrogen release and storage capacity of the hydrogen storage alloy from being lowered.
[0019]
Fins (not shown) are inserted into the upper, middle, and lower containers S1, S2, and S3, and the opposing surface and the fins are joined by brazing to increase the amount of heat transferred from the hydrogen storage alloy to the container. ing. In addition, since the fins are arranged across the opposing surfaces of the container and the fins and the opposing surface are joined, evacuation or high-pressure filling of hydrogen is performed to give hydrogen to the hydrogen storage alloy enclosed in each container. In addition, even when the inside of the container rises to a high pressure due to a high-pressure hydrogen equilibrium pressure during cycle operation, the joined fins keep the distance between the opposing surfaces of the container constant and suppress deformation of the container.
[0020]
The upper, middle, and lower containers S1, S2, and S3 having a flat shape are provided in a state of being wound around the rotary shaft 8. Therefore, one surface of each container is curved in a convex shape, and the other surface facing each other is curved in a concave shape. In this way, the opposing surfaces of each container are curved in the same direction, so that the respective containers face each other under a low pressure during evacuation and under a high hydrogen equilibrium pressure during hydrogen filling and cycle operation. A tensile stress and a compressive stress are applied to the surface, and the deformation of each container is suppressed to a small value from this result.
[0021]
In each of the plurality of cells S, the connecting portions S5 of the plurality of cells S are fixed around the rotation shaft 8 having a substantially cylindrical shape. The rotating shaft 8 is rotationally driven by a cell moving means (not shown). The cell moving means rotates a plurality of cells S slowly and continuously with, for example, a motor (for example, in one hour). 20 laps).
[0022]
Each of the upper, middle, and lower containers S1, S2, and S3 are covered with a divider 9 as shown in FIG. The divider 9 reduces the heat dissipation loss of the heat medium by flowing the heat medium along each container, and rectifies the flow of the heat medium to increase the heat exchange efficiency by increasing the flow rate by increasing the flow rate. Furthermore, the problem that the opposite surface of the container touches a different heat medium at the boundary where the cell S moves from the hydrogen driving unit α to the first cooling output unit β to the second cooling output unit γ, which will be described later, is avoided. This improves the heat exchange efficiency.
[0023]
The divider 9 covers the upper, middle, and lower containers S1, S2, and S3, and is provided with a resin material having excellent heat insulation. A heat medium passage 9 a for flowing the heat medium along the container is formed on the inner surface of the divider 9. The heat medium passage 9a is provided in a substantially groove shape, and is shallowly provided to rectify the flow of the heat medium and increase the flow velocity. In addition, a supply / exhaust port 9b that supplies the heat medium to the heat medium passage 9a and discharges the heat medium that has passed through the heat medium passage 9a is provided at the outer end and the upper center side of the divider 9.
In this embodiment, the supply / exhaust port 9b at the outer end is a supply port for supplying the heat medium to the heat medium passage 9a, and the heat supply passage through the heat medium passage 9a is sent to the outside by the central supply / discharge port 9b. It is a discharge outlet.
[0024]
As shown in FIG. 5, the two-stage heat pump cycle 2 includes a hydrogen driving unit α for forcibly moving the hydrogen in the upper vessel S1 into the lower vessel S3 and the hydrogen moved in the lower vessel S3 in the middle stage. A first cold output unit β that moves to the container S2 and a second cold output unit γ that moves the hydrogen moved into the middle vessel S2 to the upper vessel S1 are provided.
The hydrogen driving unit α, the first cooling output unit β, and the second cooling output unit γ are provided at approximately 120 ° intervals, and are partitioned by the arrangement of recesses M1 and M2 to be described later.
[0025]
The hydrogen drive unit α has a heating area α1 in which heated water (for example, about 80 ° C.) is supplied in contact with the upper container S1, and a middle pressure area α2 in which pressurized water (for example, about 56 ° C.) in contact with the middle container S2 is supplied. A lower heat radiation area α3 to which facility water (for example, about 28 ° C.) in contact with the lower container S3 is supplied.
The first cooling / heating unit β is supplied with an upper pressure increasing region β1 that is supplied with pressurized water (for example, about 58 ° C.) in contact with the upper vessel S1, and a middle portion that is supplied with facility water (for example, about 28 ° C.) that is in contact with the middle vessel S2. A heat radiation area β2 and a lower-stage cold / heat output area β3 in which cold-heat output water (for example, about 7 ° C.) in contact with the lower container S3 is output.
The second cooling output unit γ outputs the upper heat radiation area γ1 to which the facility water (for example, about 28 ° C.) is in contact with the upper container S1, and the cold output water (for example, about 7 ° C.) to be in contact with the middle container S2. It has a middle-stage cooling / heating output region γ2. It should be noted that the temperature of the heat medium in contact with the lower vessel S3 in the second cold output part γ is not questioned, and that part is designated as an unquestioned area γ3.
[0026]
Then, when the rotating shaft 8 is rotated by a cell moving means (not shown), the group of the upper container S1 circulates in the heating area α1 → the upper pressure increasing area β1 → the upper heat radiation area γ1, and the group of the middle container S2 is changed to the middle stage. The booster region α2 → the middle heat radiation region β2 → the middle cooling / heating output region γ2 circulates, and the group of the lower vessel S3 circulates in the lower heat radiation region α3 → the lower cooling energy output region β3 → the unquestioned region γ3.
[0027]
The group of the upper container S1 is covered with the upper water tank K1, and is provided with a heating area α1, an upper pressure increasing area β1, and an upper heat radiation area γ1. Further, the group of middle-stage containers S2 is covered with a middle-stage water tank K2, and is provided with a middle-stage boosting area α2, a middle-stage heat radiation area β2, and a middle-stage cooling / heating output area γ2. Further, the group of the lower containers S3 is covered by the lower water tank K3, and a lower heat radiation area α3, a lower cooling output area β3, and an unquestioned area γ3 are provided therein.
[0028]
The upper water tank K1, the middle water tank K2, and the lower water tank K3 are water tanks K (for example, resin containers) that are continuously connected to each other. As shown in FIG. Sixteen heat medium pipes 10 for supplying and discharging the heat medium are connected to the lower water tanks K1, K2, and K3. Specifically, six heating medium pipes 10 are connected to the upper water tank K1 for the heating area α1, the upper pressure increasing area β1, and the upper heat radiating area γ1, and the middle water tank K2 is connected to the middle pressure increasing area α2, β2 is connected with six heat medium pipes 10 for the intermediate cooling power output area γ2, and the lower water tank K3 is connected with four heat medium pipes 10 for the lower heat radiation area α3 and the lower cooling power output area β3. Yes.
[0029]
In the upper, middle, and lower water tanks K1, K2, and K3, the heat medium supplied by the heat medium pipe 10 is connected to the hydrogen drive unit α, the first cold output unit β, and the second cold output unit γ. A recess M1 leading to the supply / discharge port 9b at the outer end of the divider 9 in each region is provided, and a recess M2 for collecting the heat medium discharged from the center supply / discharge port 9b is provided. Depending on the arrangement and length of M2, the hydrogen driving unit α, the first cooling output unit β, and the second cooling output unit γ, which are spaced approximately 120 ° apart, are determined.
The supply / exhaust port 9b provided in each divider 9 rotates in contact with or close to the inner wall of the water tank K where the recesses M1 and M2 are not provided, and the inner wall of the water tank K where the recesses M1 and M2 are not provided. It is a partition for the hydrogen drive unit α, the first cold output unit β, and the second cold output unit γ.
In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 5, an example is shown in which the heat medium flows from the outer supply / discharge port 9b → the heat medium passage 9a → the central supply / discharge port 9b. May be flushed.
[0030]
(Description of other components in the heat pump cycle 2)
Reference numeral 11 shown in FIG. 4 is a booster water circulation path for circulating the booster water to the upper booster region β1 and the middle booster region α2, and the booster water is circulated by the booster water circulation pump P1 ′ provided in the middle. Note that the pressurized water is water that has risen in temperature due to heat transfer from the upper vessel S1 and the upper water tank K1 that has risen in the heating zone α1. The temperature is, for example, about 58 ° C., and the temperature of the pressurized water in the middle stage boosted region α 2 is, for example, about 56 ° C.
[0031]
(Description of combustion device 3)
The combustion apparatus 3 of the present embodiment uses a gas combustion apparatus that burns gas as a fuel to generate heat, and heats heated water with the generated heat. The gas burner 12 performs gas combustion, and the gas burner. A gas supply circuit 15 having a gas amount adjusting valve 13 and a gas opening / closing valve 14 for supplying gas to the gas 12, a combustion fan 16 for supplying combustion air to the gas burner 12, and heat exchange between the combustion heat of the gas and the heating water It comprises a heat exchanger 17 and the like.
The heated water is heated to, for example, about 80 ° C. with the heat obtained by gas combustion of the gas burner 12, and the heated heated water is supplied to the heating zone α1 through the heated water circulation path 18 equipped with the heated water circulation pump P1. To do.
The heating water circulation pump P1 of this embodiment is a tandem pump that is driven by a dual-purpose motor that drives the pressurized water circulation pump P1 '. For this reason, when heated water is supplied from the combustion device 3 to the heat pump cycle 2, the pressurized water is also circulated.
[0032]
(Description of indoor air conditioner 5)
The indoor air conditioner 5 is arranged indoors as described above, and forcibly exchanges heat between the indoor heat exchanger 19 and cold output water supplied to the indoor heat exchanger 19 and indoor air. An indoor fan 20 is provided for blowing the air after heat exchange into the room. The indoor heat exchanger 19 is connected with a cooling output water circulation path 21 for circulating cooling output water supplied from the lower cooling output area β3 and the middle cooling output area γ2, and in the middle of the cooling output water circulation path 21 (the outdoor unit 7 The inside) is provided with a cold output water pump P2 for circulating the cold output water.
[0033]
(Description of facility water cooling means 4)
The facility water cooling means 4 is a water-cooled open type cooling tower, and the facility water cooled by the facility water cooling means 4 is converted into a lower radiating area α3 and a middle radiating area by a facility water circulation path 22 equipped with a facility water circulation pump P3. β2 is supplied to the upper heat radiation area γ1.
The facility water cooling means 4 flows the facility water that has passed through the lower radiating region α3, the middle radiating region β2, and the upper radiating region γ1 from the upper side to the lower side, and exchanges heat with the outside air while flowing to dissipate heat. In the meantime, it is partially evaporated to remove the heat of vaporization from the facility water flowing at the time of evaporation and cool the flowing facility water. The facility water cooling means 4 includes a heat dissipation fan (not shown), and is provided so as to promote evaporation and cooling of the facility water by an air flow generated by the heat dissipation fan.
In this embodiment, a water-cooled open type cooling tower is shown as the facility water cooling means 4, but a water-cooled sealed type or an air-cooled sealed type in which the facility water (heat-dissipating heat medium) exchanges heat without touching the air. A cooling means may be used.
[0034]
Here, the heating water circulation path 18, the cooling / heating output water circulation path 21 and the facility water circulation path 22 described above are provided with cis-turns T 1, T 2, T 3, respectively, and the water levels in the cis-turns T 1, T 2, T 3 are lowered below a predetermined water level. Then, the water supply valves T4, T5, and T6 provided to the respective valves are opened to replenish the tap water supplied from the water supply pipe 23 into the cisterns T1, T2, and T3.
Further, a drain pan P is disposed at the lower part of the heat pump cycle 2 and is provided so as to drain the drain water generated in the heat pump cycle 2 from the drain pipe 24. The water overflowing from the facility water cooling means 4 is also provided to drain from the drain pipe 24.
[0035]
(Description of the control device 6)
The control device 6 responds to an operation instruction from a controller (not shown) provided in the indoor air conditioner 5 and an input signal of each of a plurality of sensors provided, and the above-described heated water circulation pump P1 (pressurized water circulation pump P1 ′). , Cooling output water pump P2, facility water circulation pump P3, water supply valves T4, T5, T6, electrical function components such as the heat dissipation fan of the facility water cooling means 4, and electrical function components of the combustion device 3 (combustion fan 16, gas amount adjustment) Valve 13, gas on-off valve 14, ignition device (not shown), and the like, and an operation instruction for the indoor fan 20 is given to the indoor air conditioner 5.
[0036]
(Description of cooling operation)
The operation of the cooling operation by the cooling device 1 will be described with reference to the PT refrigeration cycle diagram of FIG.
When the cooling operation is instructed by the controller of the indoor air conditioner 5, the control device 6 causes the combustion device 3, the cell moving means, the heat radiating fan, the heating water circulation pump P1 (pressure-boosting water circulation pump P1 '), the cold heat output water pump P2, and the heat radiation. The water circulation pump P3 is activated and the indoor fan 20 of the indoor air conditioner 5 instructed to be cooled is turned on.
[0037]
The plurality of cells S rotate and move slowly and continuously by the cell moving means. As a result, the plurality of cells S move in the order of the hydrogen driving unit α → the first cooling output unit β → the second cooling output unit γ.
That is, each upper vessel S1 moves in the order of heating zone α1 → upper pressure boosting region β1 → upper heat dissipation region γ1, and each middle vessel S2 moves in the order of middle pressure boosting region α2 → middle heat dissipation zone β2 → middle heating power output region γ2. Then, each lower container S3 moves in the order of the lower radiating area α3 → the lower cooling output area β3 → the unquestioned area γ3.
[0038]
In the cell S that has entered the hydrogen drive unit α, the upper vessel S1 touches the heated water, the middle vessel S2 touches the pressurized water, and the lower vessel S3 touches the facility water.
When the upper vessel S1 comes into contact with heated water (80 ° C.), the internal pressure of the upper vessel S1 rises and the high temperature alloy HM releases hydrogen.
When the middle vessel S2 comes into contact with the pressurized water (56 ° C.), the internal pressure of the middle vessel S2 rises to a pressure at which the intermediate temperature alloy MM does not occlude hydrogen.
When the lower container S3 comes in contact with the facility water (28 ° C.), the internal pressure of the lower container S3 decreases, and the low temperature alloy LM occludes hydrogen.
[0039]
Thus, the upper vessel S1 touches the heated water in the heating zone α1, the middle vessel S2 touches the pressurized water in the middle pressure zone α2, and the lower vessel S3 touches the facility water in the lower heat radiating zone α3. The inside is 80 ° C .: 1.0 MPa, the inside of the middle vessel S 2 is 56 ° C .: 1.0 MPa, the inside of the lower vessel S 3 is 28 ° C .: 0.9 MPa, and the high temperature alloy HM in the upper vessel S 1 releases hydrogen (see FIG. 7). (1)), the low temperature alloy LM in the lower container S3 occludes hydrogen ((2) in FIG. 7). The intermediate vessel S2 is heated by the pressurized water and has a high internal pressure, and the intermediate temperature alloy MM does not occlude hydrogen.
And the cell S which passed the hydrogen drive part (alpha) moves to the 1st cold-heat output part (beta) after that.
[0040]
In the cell S that has entered the first cold output unit β, the upper vessel S1 touches the pressurized water, the middle vessel S2 touches the facility water, and the lower vessel S3 touches the cold output water.
When the upper vessel S1 touches the pressurized water (58 ° C.), the internal pressure of the upper vessel S1 rises to a pressure at which the high temperature alloy HM does not occlude hydrogen.
When the middle vessel S2 touches the facility water (28 ° C.), the internal pressure of the middle vessel S2 decreases, the intermediate temperature alloy MM occludes hydrogen, and the low temperature alloy LM in the lower vessel S3 releases hydrogen.
Since the low temperature alloy LM releases hydrogen, an endotherm is generated in the lower vessel S3, and the cold output water that touches the lower vessel S3 is cooled to 7 ° C, for example, at 13 ° C when it enters. The low temperature alloy LM is provided so that the internal pressure of the lower vessel S3 is higher than the internal pressure of the intermediate vessel S2 when the cold output water is about 13 ° C.
[0041]
Thus, when the upper vessel S1 touches the pressurized water in the upper pressure boosting region β1, the middle vessel S2 touches the facility water in the middle heat radiating region β2, and the lower vessel S3 touches the cold heat output water in the lower chilling heat output region β3, The inside of the upper vessel S1 is 58 ° C .: 0.5 MPa, the inside of the middle vessel S2 is 28 ° C .: 0.4 MPa, the inside of the lower vessel S3 is 13 ° C .: 0.5 MPa, and the low temperature alloy LM of the lower vessel S3 releases hydrogen ( (3) in FIG. 7), the medium temperature alloy MM in the middle vessel S2 occludes hydrogen ((4) in FIG. 7). When the low temperature alloy LM in the lower vessel S3 releases hydrogen, heat is taken from the cold output water that touches the lower vessel S3 due to the endothermic effect, and the temperature of the cold output water is lowered. The upper vessel S1 is heated by the pressurized water and has a high internal pressure, and the high temperature alloy HM does not occlude hydrogen.
And the cell S which passed the 1st cold output part (beta) moves to the 2nd cold output part (gamma) after that.
[0042]
In the cell S that has entered the second cold output unit γ, the upper vessel S1 touches the facility water, the middle vessel S2 touches the cold output water, and the lower vessel S3 touches unquestioned water.
When the upper vessel S1 touches the facility water (28 ° C.), the internal pressure of the upper vessel S1 decreases, the high temperature alloy HM occludes hydrogen, and the intermediate temperature alloy MM in the middle vessel S2 releases hydrogen.
Since the intermediate temperature alloy MM releases hydrogen, heat is generated in the middle vessel S2, and the cold heat output water that touches the middle vessel S2 is cooled to 7 ° C, for example, at 13 ° C when it enters. The intermediate temperature alloy MM is provided so that the internal pressure of the middle vessel S2 is higher than the internal pressure of the upper vessel S1 when the cold output water is about 13 ° C.
[0043]
In this way, when the upper container S1 touches the facility water in the upper radiating zone γ1, the inside of the upper container S1 is 28 ° C .: 0.1 MPa, the inside of the middle container S2 is 13 ° C .: 0.2 MPa, and the inside of the lower container S3 is unquestioned. Then, the intermediate temperature alloy MM in the middle vessel S2 releases hydrogen ((5) in FIG. 7), and the high temperature alloy HM in the upper vessel S1 occludes hydrogen ((6) in FIG. 7). When the medium temperature alloy MM in the middle vessel S2 releases hydrogen, heat is taken from the cold output water that touches the middle vessel S2 due to the endothermic effect, and the temperature of the cold output water is lowered. The temperature of the lower container S3 is irrelevant, and the low temperature alloy LM of the lower container S3 does not occlude hydrogen.
And the cell S which passed the 2nd cold-power output part (gamma) moves to the hydrogen drive part (alpha) after that.
[0044]
The low-temperature cold output water that has been deprived of heat in the lower and middle cooling output areas β3 and γ2 of the heat pump cycle 2 is supplied to the indoor heat exchanger 19 of the indoor air conditioner 5 via the cooling output water circulation path 21. Then, heat is exchanged with the air blown into the room to cool the room.
[0045]
[Effects of Examples]
After the lid B is press-fitted into the opening hole A and the inside is simply sealed, the overlap of the outer cylinder A1 and the inner cylinder B1 of the lid B is welded to the opening hole A, so there is no leakage during welding. In particular, since the jig J is removed after the pressure in the cell S becomes the same as the atmospheric pressure, the lid B is press-fitted into the opening hole A, and then the welding for the overlap of the outer cylinder A1 and the inner cylinder B1 is performed. There is no problem that hydrogen leaks from the cell S or air enters the cell S before the process is performed, and the hydrogen release and storage capacity of the hydrogen storage alloy are prevented from being lowered.
Further, since the overlap between the outer cylinder A1 and the inner cylinder B1 is made of stainless steel having a large heat capacity, the heat of welding is difficult to transfer to the inside, and the cell S is cooled and filled in the cell S during welding. Hydrogen is stored in the hydrogen storage alloy and the amount of hydrogen that fills the inside is reduced. In this way, the heat of welding is hardly transmitted to the inside, and the amount of hydrogen filling the inside is small, so that ignition during welding is prevented.
[0046]
[Second Embodiment]
FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of the main part of the cell S.
In the first embodiment described above, an example is shown in which the activation connecting fitting G in which the opening hole A and the outer cylinder A1 are formed is joined to the cell S, and the opening hole A with the outer cylinder A1 is provided in the cell S. However, in this embodiment, the outer cylinder A1 is provided outside the opening hole A by burring.
[0047]
[Third embodiment]
FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of the main part of the cell S.
In this embodiment, the end portion of the connecting portion S5 is used as the opening hole A / outer cylinder A1, vacuuming, activation treatment, hydrogen filling is performed, and the lid B is press-fitted to overlap the outer cylinder A1 and the inner cylinder B1. It is what welded the bill.
[0048]
[Fourth embodiment]
Next, a fourth embodiment in which the heat utilization system using the hydrogen storage alloy of the present invention is applied to an air conditioner will be described. In addition, FIG. 10 is a schematic block diagram of the air conditioning apparatus to which this invention is applied.
The air conditioner 30 of the present embodiment guides the heated water heated by the combustion device 3 to the indoor heat exchanger 19 of the indoor air conditioner 5 during the heating operation in addition to the cooling operation shown in the above embodiment. This is for room heating. The heating water circulation path 18 and the cold output water circulation path 21 shown in the first embodiment are connected, and three switching valves V1, V2, V3 (cooling and Heating switching valve).
In addition to the indoor air conditioner 5, it may be connected to a floor heating mat, a bathroom dryer or the like so as to perform floor heating, bathroom heating, etc. by supplying heated water.
[0049]
[Fifth embodiment]
FIG. 11 and FIG. 12 show a fifth embodiment, and FIG. 11 is a schematic configuration diagram of a type of cooling device to which the cell S is fixed.
In the above-described embodiment, an example in which the type of the heat medium that touches each container is switched by rotating the plurality of cells S in the water tank K has been shown. However, in the third embodiment, a plurality (three in this embodiment) are used. A divider 40 that fixes and outputs a plurality of heat mediums by rotation, and a collector 41 that collects the distributed heat mediums again and returns them to the heat medium source. The type of the heat medium is switched and supplied to the heat medium passage 9a (see FIG. 12) on the inside.
As shown in FIG. 12, the upper, middle, and lower containers S1, S2, and S3 of the third embodiment are covered with a divider 9, and the divider 9 is covered with a housing 42. A heat insulating material 43 is arranged between the housing 42.
[0050]
[Modification]
In the above-described embodiment, an example in which the divider 9 is provided around each container has been described. However, the divider 9 may not be used. As a specific example, as shown in FIG. 13, the upper, middle, and lower containers S1, S2, and S3 are arranged around the rotation shaft 8, and the upper, middle, and lower containers S1,. A gap having substantially the same width may be provided between S2, S3 and the other upper, middle, and lower containers S1, S2, S3 adjacent thereto, so that the heat medium flows in the gap. Even if the divider 9 is eliminated in this manner, the distribution density of the hydrogen storage alloy in the water tank K is increased, and the gap has the same width. Therefore, the flow of the heat medium flowing through the gap is rectified and the flow is increased. The speed is increased, and the amount of the heat medium that exchanges heat with the hydrogen storage alloy is increased, so that the heat exchange efficiency can be improved.
[0051]
In the first and second embodiments, the example in which the plurality of cells S are continuously rotated by the cell moving unit has been described. However, the cells S may be intermittently rotated.
In the above embodiment, in order to facilitate the explanation, the upper container S1, the middle container S2, and the lower container S3 are shown according to the upper and lower sides of the drawing. However, the upper and lower arrangements are changed or arranged horizontally. You may do it. In such a case, of course, each heat medium supplied to each container is replaced so that a heat pump cycle is established.
[0052]
In the above-described embodiment, an example is shown in which the heating medium (the pressurized water in the embodiment) whose temperature has been increased by cooling the upper vessel S1 whose temperature has increased in the heating region α1 is used as the heating medium for increasing the pressure. You may use the thermal medium heated up by the means (For example, the temperature rise by a combustion apparatus, the temperature rise by an electric heater, the temperature rise using exhaust heat, etc.).
In the above embodiment, an example using a two-stage cycle was shown as an example of the heat pump cycle 2, but it may be used in a one-stage cycle, or three or more second containers may be divided into three stages. You may use as the above cycle.
[0053]
In the above embodiment, a multi air conditioner in which a plurality of indoor air conditioners 5 can be connected to one outdoor unit 7 is shown. However, the present invention is applied to an air conditioner in which one indoor air conditioner 5 is connected to one outdoor unit 7. It may be applied.
In the above-described embodiment, an example in which the room is cooled with the heat medium for cooling output (cold water in the embodiment) obtained by the heat pump cycle 2 is shown. The present invention may be used as another cooling device.
In the above embodiment, an example using one heat pump unit (a unit in which a plurality of cells S are accommodated in one water tank K) is shown. However, a plurality of heat pump units are mounted to increase cooling capacity, It may be used for a cooling device that requires a large cooling capacity, such as an air conditioning system for an automobile.
[0054]
In the above embodiment, the gas combustion apparatus for burning gas is used as the heating means for heating the heating medium (heating water in the embodiment), but other combustion such as an oil combustion apparatus for burning oil is used. An apparatus may be used, and other heating means such as a heating means for heating a heat medium for heating by exhaust heat of the internal combustion engine, a steam by a boiler, a heating means using an electric heater, or the like may be used. In addition, when utilizing the exhaust heat of an internal combustion engine, it can also use for vehicles.
[0055]
In the above embodiment, tap water is used as an example of each heat medium, but other liquid heat medium such as antifreeze liquid or oil may be used, or a gas heat medium such as air may be used.
In the above embodiment, the cooling device that obtains the cold output by the endothermic action when the hydrogen storage alloy releases hydrogen is shown as an example, but the heating that obtains the thermal output by the heat release action when the hydrogen storage alloy absorbs hydrogen. The present invention may be applied to a device (for example, a heating device).
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a joint portion between an opening hole and a lid (first embodiment).
FIG. 2 is a partial perspective view of a cell (first embodiment).
FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a cell provided with a divider (first embodiment).
FIG. 4 is a schematic configuration diagram of a cooling device (first embodiment).
FIG. 5 is an operation explanatory diagram of a heat pump cycle (first embodiment).
FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a heat pump unit (first embodiment).
FIG. 7 is a PT refrigeration cycle diagram (first embodiment).
FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing a joint portion between an opening hole and a lid (second embodiment).
FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view showing a joint portion between an opening hole and a lid (third embodiment).
FIG. 10 is a schematic configuration diagram of an air conditioner (fourth embodiment).
FIG. 11 is a schematic configuration diagram of a cooling device (fifth embodiment).
FIG. 12 is a sectional view of a housing (fifth embodiment).
FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view showing the inside of the container (modified example).
[Explanation of symbols]
A Open hole
B lid
A1 outer cylinder
B1 inner cylinder
HM high temperature alloy (hydrogen storage alloy)
MM Medium temperature alloy (hydrogen storage alloy)
LM Low temperature alloy (hydrogen storage alloy)
S cell
S1 Upper container
S2 Middle container
S3 Lower container

Claims (2)

A container that encloses a hydrogen storage alloy used in a heat utilization system using a hydrogen storage alloy that utilizes heat absorption during hydrogen release of the hydrogen storage alloy or heat dissipation during hydrogen storage of the hydrogen storage alloy,
The container that encloses the hydrogen storage alloy is provided with an opening hole that is filled with hydrogen with an outer cylinder that faces the outside of the container,
It is closed by a lid having an inner cylinder that matches the inner diameter of this outer cylinder,
The outer cylinder and the inner cylinder are formed of a material having a large heat capacity,
The lid is press-fitted into the opening hole,
A container for a heat utilization system using a hydrogen storage alloy, characterized in that an overlap margin between the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder is joined by welding. A method of filling hydrogen into a container used in a heat utilization system using a hydrogen storage alloy utilizing heat absorption during hydrogen release of the hydrogen storage alloy or heat dissipation during hydrogen storage of the hydrogen storage alloy, wherein the hydrogen storage alloy is The container to be sealed is provided with an opening hole filled with hydrogen closed by a lid,
While equal to the hydrogen storage alloy hydrogen occluding the temperature is cooled below the hydrogen by absorbing the hydrogen absorbing alloy in the container atmosphere to be built into the container, said opening hole by welding A method for filling hydrogen into a container of a heat utilization system using a hydrogen storage alloy, which is joined to the lid.

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