JPH11210369A - Underground submerged object - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To reduce the time and costs for the constructing works of a starting shaft or arrival shaft 13 when a tunnel is excavated by a shield machine and eliminate the conventional ground improving work and chipping work. SOLUTION: A plurality of pieces as constituent members 9 are coupled together to form a hollow cylinder 7, and it is set underground through internal excavation and pressurizing from the top so that a starting shaft 5 or arrival shaft 13 is constructed. Among the pieces 9, the one to constitute a starting hole 11 or arriving hole 15 is made of a material machinable by a shield machine 1. The shield machine 1 is put down in the starting shaft 5 and the operation is started at the starting hole 11. At this time, the pieces 9 are machined by the cutter bit of the shield machine 1. After a specified course of tunnel 3 is excavated, the piece constituting the arriving hole 15 is machined when the arrival shaft 13 is being reached.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a starting shaft or a reaching shaft of a shield excavator or the like for connecting a plurality of piece members, for example, so-called segment pieces, and sunk them underground to construct a shaft and excavate a tunnel. It relates to an underground buried body to be used as a shaft.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art For example, when a subway is constructed underground, a starting shaft and a reaching shaft are constructed at both ends of a route where a tunnel for a subway is to be excavated in a direction substantially perpendicular to the ground. Then, the shield excavator is lowered into the start shaft, is started from the start shaft, excavates a predetermined route, and then reaches the arrival shaft.

In this case, the starting and reaching of the shield excavator is performed by improving the ground on the starting side and the reaching side of both shafts,
The start and the entrance were carefully formed by hanging from the inside of both shafts by human power.

[0004] As a method of soil improvement, a cement-based injection material is injected into the ground by a high-pressure injection injection method, or a method in which a plurality of pipes are penetrated through the ground and a refrigerant is passed through the pipes to freeze the ground. and so on. This prevents the surrounding ground, such as the starting port and the reaching port, from collapsing when the shield excavator starts and reaches.

[0005] However, such ground improvement has a risk of environmental pollution, and there are restrictions such as a longer construction period due to ground improvement work. In addition, there is a problem that the hanging operation is difficult for the worker to manage safely, and that a large amount of dust is generated. For these reasons, there has been a problem that it takes time and cost for ground improvement work and hanging work.

In order to solve such a problem, a material that can be cut by a cutter bit of a shield excavator is used for a wall constituting a starting shaft and a reaching shaft, and ground improvement work and hanging work are omitted. A method has been proposed. That is, the wall of the shaft is formed by, for example, vertically arranging a plurality of H-shaped steels in the circumferential direction of the shaft, and constructing the H-shaped steel in portions corresponding to the start port and the arrival port. Instead, a material that can be cut by a shield excavator is used.

[0007] The term "cuttable" as used herein means that even after being cut by the cutter bit, the opening is smoothly achieved without being entangled with the cutter bit unlike a normal rebar. That is, even if it is an iron-based material, it is "cuttable" if it does not become entangled with the cutter bit after cutting.

One example of such a material is high-strength concrete using limestone aggregate reinforced with carbon fibers. At the same time, the material that can be cut is required to be sufficiently resistant to a tensile force generated by earth pressure or water pressure as a wall, so that the wall is reinforced.

[0009]

However, a starting shaft or a reaching shaft using a cuttable material for a starting port or a reaching port has a structure in which a long material such as an H-section steel is arranged in a vertical direction and a plurality of shafts are arranged in a circumferential direction of the shaft. Because of the continuous structure, the construction itself for excavating the shaft requires time and cost.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and it is possible to omit the ground improvement work and the hanging work in the press-in squatting method, and to reduce the time and cost required for excavating the shaft. The purpose is to provide the body.

Further, the underground submerged body according to the present invention is to submerge underground by applying pressure from the uppermost end.
It is another object of the present invention to provide an underground submerged body that can sufficiently withstand not only the above-described tensile force but also the compressive force caused by this pressing force.

[0012]

Means for Solving the Problems To achieve the above object, a first aspect of the present invention is to excavate the inside of a hollow cylindrical body formed by connecting a plurality of piece members and pressurize the hollow cylindrical body from the uppermost end. In the underground buried body which is constructed to be laid underground and is a starting shaft or a reaching shaft when excavating a tunnel by a shield excavator, a piece member corresponding to a starting port or a reaching port of the piece members is An underground submerged body made of a material that can be cut by the shield excavator.

[0013] The second invention is the underground submerged structure further characterized in that the material of the cuttable piece member is concrete and the material of the other piece members is steel or reinforced concrete.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, the thickness of the piece made of concrete is greater than the thickness of the piece made of steel or reinforced concrete, and the thickness of the piece changes between the two. The underground submerged body is characterized by being inclined so that the change is performed continuously.

[0015]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Hereinafter, one embodiment of the present invention will be described.
This will be described with reference to FIGS. First, referring to FIG. 1, a schematic process of the entire construction when a tunnel is excavated for constructing a subway or the like underground will be described.

In order to construct a starting shaft 5 for excavating the tunnel 3 by the shield excavator 1, first, a hollow cylindrical body 7 is installed on the ground (FIG. 1A). The hollow cylinder 7 is formed by connecting a plurality of piece members 9. Then, at the same time as the inside of the hollow cylinder 7 is excavated, pressure is applied from the uppermost end, and the hollow cylinder 7 is buried underground. Hollow cylinder 7
Piece members 9 are successively connected to the uppermost end of the hollow cylindrical member 7, and the overall length of the hollow cylindrical body 7 in the vertical direction becomes longer (FIGS. 1A and 1B).
Then, by repeatedly excavating and pressurizing, an underground submerged body is constructed deep underground (FIG. 1C).

The shield excavator 1 is suspended from the starting shaft 5 constructed as an underground submerged body (FIG. (D)), and is started toward the starting port 11 (FIG. (D)).
(E)). For the piece member 9 corresponding to the starting port 11, a cuttable material is used. The shield excavator cuts the cuttable piece member and starts moving, and excavates the tunnel along a predetermined route (FIG. (F)).

Eventually, the shield excavator 1 reaches the reaching shaft 13 constructed at the end of the predetermined route (FIG. (G)). The reaching shaft 13 is also constructed in advance by the same procedure (FIGS. 1A, 1B, and 1C) as the starting shaft 5.
Further, the piece member corresponding to the arrival port 15 is also made of a material that can be cut in the same manner as in the case of the starting shaft 5. Upon reaching, the piece member is cut by the shield excavator (FIGS. (G) and (H)). The shield excavator 1 (FIG. (H)) that has reached the arrival shaft 13 is lifted and carried out to the ground.

Next, the construction of the starting shaft 5 or the reaching shaft 13 (FIG. 1B) will be described in detail with reference to FIG.

A plurality of ground anchors 17 are previously provided around the space where the hollow cylindrical body 7 is pressurized and settled.
Is anchored, and the anchor wire 19 connected to the ground anchor 17 is fixed to the upper beam 21 provided above the hollow cylinder 7. A press-fit girder 25 is mounted on the upper part of the hollow cylinder 7 via a protection ring 23, and a jack receiving stand 27 and a press-fit jack 29 are provided between the press-fit girder 25 and the upper beam 21.

The press-in jack 29 works to operate the upper beam 21.
When the space between the press-fitting girder 25 and the press-fitting girder 25 is widened, the press-fitting force is transmitted to the hollow cylinder 7 via the press-fitting girder 25 and the protection ring 23, and the hollow cylinder 7 is pressed down toward the ground.

A hammer grab bucket 31, which is a type of excavator, is hung by a wire 33 to excavate the ground inside the hollow cylinder 7. In this way, the hollow cylinder 7 is laid underground, and the shafts 7 and 23 are constructed.

Next, the state when the shield excavator 1 starts moving from the starting shaft 5 is shown in detail in FIG. In the figure, 35 indicates a route through which a tunnel is excavated. Similarly, FIG. 4 shows a detailed view of the shield excavator 1 reaching the reaching shaft 13.

FIG. 5 is a horizontal sectional view of the starting port 11 in FIG. 3 and the reaching port 15 in FIG. The plurality of piece members 9 corresponding to the starting port 11 or the reaching port 15 are made of a concrete-based excavable material 37.

Next, an enlarged view of the starting port 11 is shown in FIG.
FIG. 7 shows an enlarged view of the arrival port 15. In this embodiment, the starting port 11 and the reaching port 15 are the back and front of the portion having the same structure.

As shown in FIGS. 6A and 7A,
The four piece members 9 corresponding to the starting port 11 or the reaching port 15 are made of a concrete-based excavable material 37.
The cutter bit of the shield excavator 1 (not shown)
Are indicated by circular broken lines. Concrete-based machinable materials 37 include (1) high-strength concrete using limestone aggregate reinforced with carbon fiber,
(2) Concrete using a lightweight aggregate instead of the limestone aggregate of (1), (3) Unstripped limestone concrete without using a reinforcing material such as carbon fiber, and the like can be considered.
Of these, (3) is used in the case of small diameter shafts for excavating small diameter tunnels.

In another embodiment, it is also possible to use a cuttable material other than concrete. That is, (4) a composite material obtained by laminating members in which hard urethane foam is reinforced with long glass fibers, and (5) a resin material having excellent tensile strength and the like can be considered.

The piece members 9 other than the piece member 9 made of the concrete material 37 are steel segment pieces made of steel in this embodiment.
The steel segment piece is a pair of parallel main beams 4 that are curved.
1, a pair of joint plates 43 joined to both ends of the main girder 41, and a vertical rib 45 joined to a center portion of the main girder 41.
And a skin plate 47 joined to the outside of these members 41, 43, and 45.

On the steel segment piece 9 which is the piece member 9 adjacent to the concrete piece member 9, the main girder 41, the joint plate 43, and the vertical rib 45 are provided with an inclination 49. The thickness of the concrete piece member 9 is larger than the thickness of the piece member 9 which is another steel segment piece, and a large compression caused by the pressing force applied when the hollow cylindrical body 7 is laid underground. Designed to withstand the forces.

The inclination 49 prevents the change in thickness between the concrete piece member 9 and the steel segment piece 9 from being discontinuous, so that the change is made continuously. By doing so, concentration of stress is prevented.

Piece member 9 which is a steel segment piece
The connection between them is performed by bolts 51 as in the conventional case (FIG. 8). That is, the bolt holes formed in the main girder 41 or the joint plate 43 of each steel segment piece are connected to each other, and the bolts 51 and the nuts 53 fasten the connection.

The connection between the concrete piece member 9 and the steel segment piece is performed using an embedded nut 55 embedded in the concrete piece member 9 (FIG. 9). That is, a bolt hole formed in the main girder 41 or the joint plate 43 of the steel segment piece is communicated with the embedding nut 9 previously embedded in the concrete material, and the bolt 51 is screwed from the steel segment piece side. Then, the connection is made.

The concrete piece members 9 are connected to each other by a concave portion 57 and a convex portion 59 formed on the connecting surface of the concrete piece member 9 and an embedded nut 61 made of resin.
And a bolt 63 made of resin (FIG. 10).
That is, on the connecting surface, one concrete piece member 9 is formed with a triangular cross-section convex portion 59, and the other concrete piece member 9 is formed with a triangular cross-sectional concave portion 57. The part 59 is fitted.

A bolt hole 67 formed in the inner wall of a working hole 65 adjacent to the concave portion 57 at a predetermined interval communicates with the resin embedded nut 61 embedded on the slope of the convex portion 59. In the working hole 65, the resin bolt 63 is inserted into the bolt hole 67, and the embedded nut 6 is inserted.
Connection is performed by being fastened to 1. As described above, the connection between the concrete piece members 9 is performed by the concave portion 57 and the convex portion 59, and the embedded nut 61 and the bolt 63 used as the auxiliary connection are both made of resin. The property of cutting with a bit is maintained.

(Effects of Embodiment) According to this embodiment, the hollow cylindrical member 7 formed by connecting a plurality of piece members 9 is formed.
Since the ground inside is excavated and submerged underground by pressurizing from the top end, a starting shaft or a reaching shaft is constructed,
The time and cost required for the construction can be reduced as compared with the conventional case where an H-section steel or the like is arranged in the vertical direction, a large number of the shafts are continuously formed in the circumferential direction of the shaft, and a wall is constructed to construct the shaft.

Further, since the portion of the piece member 9 corresponding to the start-up port 11 or the arrival port 15 is made of a concrete cuttable material 37, ground improvement work and hanging work can be omitted. Also, it is possible to prevent the ground from collapsing at the start port 11 and the arrival port 15.

Further, by increasing the thickness of the concrete, which is the material 37 that can be cut, it is possible to sufficiently withstand the compressive force generated by the pressing force when the hollow cylindrical body 7 is pressurized and settled. That is, the cuttable material 37 can withstand a sufficient tensile force to receive the surrounding earth pressure and water pressure, and at the same time, can sufficiently withstand the compressive force generated by the pressing force.

(Other Embodiments) In the above embodiment, in order to withstand the compressive force generated by the pressing force for burying the hollow cylindrical body 7 underground, the thickness of the concrete piece member 9 is set differently. Although it is set to be thicker than the piece member 9, in other embodiments, for example, FIG.
As shown in FIG. 1, the reinforcing members 71 and 73 are applied to the piece member 9 adjacent to the start port 11 or the arrival port 15 so as not to receive a compressive force at the start port 11 or the arrival port 15 and the adjacent reinforced piece member 9 to receive it.

That is, only the portion (circular portion in the figure) of the piece member 9 corresponding to the start port 11 or the arrival port 15 can be concrete-based, and can be directly cut. It consists of material 37. That is, a large circular reinforcing member 71 is provided to cover the oblique line of the circular portion 39 with which the cutter bit of the shield excavator comes into contact, and around this circular reinforcing member 71, a reinforcing member having a further approximately concentric curve is provided. 73 are arranged.

The reinforcing members 71 and 73 are provided at the starting port 11.
Or, it has a symmetrical shape with respect to a vertical line passing through the center of the arrival port 15. The circular reinforcing member 71 is connected to the joint plate 4.
3 or one end of the vertical rib 45. In addition, the reinforcing material 73 having a curve has upper and lower ends joined to one end of the joint plate 43 or the longitudinal rib 45.

The reinforcing members 71, 73 having such a shape
Accordingly, the stress vector of the compressive force generated by the pressing force at the time of sinking passes through the surrounding reinforcing members 71 and 73 without directly passing through the starting port 11 or the reaching port 15 described above. Therefore, concrete-based cuttable material 3
Reference numeral 7 is a material reinforced with carbon fiber or the like, as long as it can be changed to a tensile force due to earth pressure or the like.

Although the reinforcing members 71 and 73 shown in FIG. 11 are not removed from the piece member 9, in still another embodiment, as shown in FIG. It is also possible to provide.

That is, the compressive force is applied only when the pressing force for subsidence is applied.
After 3 is built, no significant compression is applied, including when the shield excavator launches and reaches. Therefore, the reinforcing member 75 is provided only when a compressive force is applied,
At other times, the reinforcements 75 can be removed to prepare for the launch or arrival of the shield excavator.

As shown in FIG. 12, the four piece members 9 corresponding to the starting port 11 or the reaching port 15 are made of a concrete-based cuttable material 37 and a circular reinforcing material surrounding the material 37. 71. This circular reinforcement 7
1 is joined to the main girder 41, the joint plate 43, the vertical rib 45, and the like. Further, a plurality of upper and lower reinforcing members 75 are attached to the circular reinforcing member 71 in the vertical direction. That is, both ends and the lower end of the upper and lower reinforcing members 75 are attached to the vicinity of the joint plate 43 and the vertical rib 45 by the bolts 77, respectively.

In this way, the compressive force at the time of laying is supported by the upper and lower reinforcing members 75 rather than the concrete material 37. When the compressive force is no longer applied, the bolt 77 is removed and the upper and lower reinforcing members are removed, so that the shield excavator is prepared to excavate the concrete-based cuttable material 37.

In the above embodiment, the cuttable material 37 is concrete. However, in other embodiments, the material 37 is not limited to concrete. (5) Resins made of resin are conceivable.

In the above embodiment, the piece members 9 other than the piece member 9 made of the cuttable material 37 are used.
Is a steel segment piece made of steel, but in other embodiments, it is also possible to use a piece member made of reinforced concrete.

In the above embodiment, the inclination 49 for continuously changing the thickness of the piece member 9 is provided by the main girder 41, the joint plate 43, and the vertical rib 4 of the steel segment piece.
5, but in another embodiment, the thickness itself of the piece member made of concrete or reinforced concrete may be inclined.

In the above embodiment, the cuttable material 37 is thickened to withstand the compressive force, and the reinforcing members 71, 73, and 75 are provided. Depending on the state, if the siding can be performed without applying a large pressing force, it may be possible to eliminate the need for thickening or providing a reinforcing material.

According to the above embodiment, the cuttable material 37 forming the starting port 11 or the reaching port 15 is divided by a plurality of piece members and connected by bolts 63 or the like. In the embodiment, without such division, the portion of the starting port 11 or the arrival port 15 may be formed as an independent round piece member, and the surrounding portion may be formed as an independent special shaped piece member. .

[0051]

As described above, according to the first to third aspects of the present invention, a hollow cylindrical body constituted by connecting a plurality of piece members is formed by excavating the inner ground and pressing the hollow cylindrical body from the uppermost end. In order to construct the starting shaft or the reaching shaft, the H-shaped steel is arranged in the vertical direction as before, and a large number is continuously formed in the circumferential direction of the shaft to form a wall to construct the shaft. Compared to the case, the time and cost required for the construction can be reduced.

Further, since the portion of the piece member corresponding to the starting port or the reaching port is made of a cuttable material, the ground at the starting port and the reaching port can be obtained even if the ground improvement work or the hanging work is omitted. Can be prevented from collapsing.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, the thickness of the concrete, which is the material of the cuttable piece member, is increased, so that the compression generated by the pressing force when the hollow cylindrical body is laid down is pressed. Can withstand enough force.
In addition, by inclining so that the thickness changes continuously, it is possible to prevent stress concentration from occurring, and to improve the strength of the hollow cylinder as a whole.

[Brief description of the drawings]

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 shows a schematic process of an entire construction work for constructing a shaft with an underground buried body and excavating a tunnel according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 (A) shows connecting piece members to excavate a shaft. The figure (B) which shows the process which comprises a hollow cylindrical body and installs it on the ground excavates the inside of a hollow cylindrical body, performs squatting by applying a pressurizing force, adds piece members, and lengthens the entire length of a hollow cylindrical body. Figure (C) showing the process is a completed shaft, and Figure (D) is a diagram showing a process in which the completed shaft is used as a starting shaft and a shield excavator is suspended and installed. Figure (E) is a cuttable material forming a hollow cylindrical body. (F) showing a process in which a shield excavator starts by cutting a piece member consisting of (G) is a diagram showing a state in which the shield excavator excavates a tunnel according to a predetermined course, and FIG. The process of reaching To FIG. (H) are diagrams showing the process of moving into the hollow cylindrical body by cutting a piece member shield excavator is made of cuttable material arrival pit.

FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining FIG. 1B in detail;

FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining (D) in FIG. 1 in detail;

FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining (G) of FIG. 1 in detail;

FIG. 5 is a horizontal sectional view showing the starting port of FIG. 3 or the reaching port of FIG. 4;

6 (A) is a front view showing the starting port of FIG. 3 from the inside of the hollow cylindrical body, and FIG. 6 (B) is an enlarged view of a portion B of FIG.

7A is a front view showing the arrival port of FIG. 4 from the outside of the hollow cylindrical body, and FIG. 7B is an enlarged view of a portion B of FIG.

FIG. 8 is an enlarged view of a portion VIII in FIG. 6 (B).

FIG. 9 is an enlarged view of an IX part of FIG. 6 (B).

FIG. 10 is an enlarged view of a part X in FIG. 6 (B).

11A and 11B show another embodiment, and FIG. 11A is a front view showing a starting port or a reaching port from the inside of a hollow cylindrical body, and FIG. 11B is a partially enlarged view of FIG.

12A and 12B show still another embodiment, in which FIG. 12A is an enlarged view (a plan view) showing a starting port or a reaching port from the inside of a hollow cylindrical body, and FIG. 12B is a main part of FIG. It is an enlarged view.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Shield excavator 5 Start shaft 7 Hollow cylindrical body 9 Piece member 13 Arrival shaft 17 Ground anchor 19 Anchor wire 21 Upper beam 23 Protective ring 25 Press-fitting girder 27 Jack cradle 29 Press-fit jack 31 Hammer grab bucket 33 Wire 35 Predetermined route 37 Concrete cuttable material 51 Bolt 53 Nut 55 Planted nut 57 Concave portion 59 Convex portion 61 Resin planted nut 63 Resin bolt 65 Work hole 71, 73 Reinforcement material 75 Vertical reinforcement material

 ────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Yoshiyuki Hamada Kanie-cho, Kaifu-gun, Aichi Prefecture 1-9, Kanie-Nitta-shi Shimo Market, Kato Construction Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Tomoya Takeda Kanie-cho, Kaifu-gun, Aichi Prefecture Kanie-Shinden-shi, Shimo-shi, 1-9 Kato Construction Co., Ltd.

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A hollow cylindrical body formed by connecting a plurality of piece members is constructed by being buried underground by excavating the inside and pressurizing from the top end, and starting when excavating a tunnel by an excavator. An underground submerged body that is a shaft or an arrival shaft, wherein a piece member of a portion corresponding to a start port or an arrival port of the piece members is made of a material that can be cut by the shield excavator. Sinking body. 2. The underground submerged body according to claim 1, wherein the material of the cuttable piece member is concrete, and the material of the other piece members is steel or reinforced concrete. 3. The thickness of the piece member made of concrete is larger than the thickness of the piece member made of steel or reinforced concrete, and the change is continuous at a portion where the thickness changes between the two. 3. The underground submerged body according to claim 2, wherein the submerged body is inclined.