JPH11209943A - Under water foundation mound construction block and construction method using the block - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a block to improve the execution efficiency of a riprup levelling and a covering stone levelling and an under water foundation mound construction method using the block in an under water foundation mound construction. SOLUTION: Sloped surface covering blocks 10 are pried up and connected in a plurality of steps on a plinth stone block 30 installed on a toe of slope along the inclined slope of the face of slope 1a of a foundation mound constructed on the water bottom, and after the block 10 is connected on every step, a riprup 4 is filled up behind the block, and a buttress protruded behind the block is fixed by the riprup 4. The piling up of the sloped surface covering block 10 is under water supported by a pontoon 2, or a riprup levelling and a covering stone levelling are simultaneously executed by a mechanical working power produced by an under water backhoe 3 installed on a piled heap of the previously thrown-in riprup 4.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an underwater precast slope covering block capable of simultaneously performing rubble leveling and covering stone leveling, particularly in an underwater foundation mound for a breakwater or seawall, and an underwater foundation mound using the same. Concerning the construction method.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, when constructing an underwater ground such as an underwater foundation mound, generally, rubble leveling and covering stone leveling work on the slope has been performed by underwater work by a diver. That is, the slope (slope) leveling of the rubble is performed along a so-called tenter where the slope of the slope and slope of the slope are measured and set using a rope or the like after the rubble is thrown. After the rubble is leveled, the covering stones suspended underwater by the crane ship are piled up while being combined on the rubble roughened by the diver's work, and built along the slope of the stake. I do.

[0003]

However, in the conventional method of leveling rubble and covering stones by diver work, the work period is prolonged due to manual work, and the slope of the slope and slope of slope are reduced. Dive work in muddy waters where visibility is difficult, including surveying work by installing stakes, sometimes requires very skilled skills and great effort, which is reflected in the momentum construction cost.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a foundation mound construction block and a foundation using the same, particularly in the construction of an underwater foundation mound, which greatly improves the construction efficiency of rubble and covering stone leveling and shortens the construction period. It is to provide a mound construction method.

[0005]

The foundation mound building block of the present invention is used as a slope covering block along the slope of the slope of the foundation mound constructed on the bottom of the water, and is stacked in multiple steps from the bottom of the slope. After being connected step by step, rubble is stuffed into the back and fixed.

In this case, a plurality of opening holes are provided in the front surface of the block main body, the opening holes having a size enough to prevent the rubble stones filled behind from passing therethrough. Any suitable shape of the slit shape can be selected. In addition, a buttress that protrudes rearward and can be fixed with the filling weight of the rubble is provided on the rear surface of the front portion of the block main body, whereby the fixing can be firmly secured in order to secure stability against waves.

Further, the construction method according to the present invention uses the underwater foundation mound building block, which is supported underwater by a barge, or a machine work force by an underwater backhoe installed on a pile of the previously-entered rubble. So
The slopes are piled up while connected along the surveyed set stakes, and the rubble is filled behind the connected foundation mound building blocks stacked and connected one by one, and the piled foundation building blocks are covered stones. By substituting, rubble leveling and covering stone leveling are performed simultaneously.

In this case, a root stone block is installed along the bottom of the slope, and a plurality of foundation mound building blocks are stacked on the root stone block as side slope covering blocks and connected.

[0009] With the above configuration and construction method, it is possible to simultaneously perform the conventional rubble leveling and covering stone leveling only by stacking the slope coating blocks with mechanical force, and it is possible to greatly shorten the construction period.

[0010]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Embodiments of an underwater foundation mound construction block and a construction method using the same according to the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings.

FIGS. 1 (a) to 1 (f) show the steps from rubble leveling to covering stone leveling using the precast slope covering block of the present embodiment when constructing an underwater foundation mound on a water bottom such as the sea bottom. It is sectional drawing which shows the construction process up to. FIGS. 2A and 2B are a perspective view and a side view, respectively, showing a side surface covering block according to the present embodiment.

As shown in FIG. 1 (a) and the following figures, the side cross-sectional shape for constructing the underwater foundation mound is
(Dashed line in the figure) is set for surveying. After the rubble 4 is charged, the root stone block 30 is installed on the bottom of the slope of the slope 1a. Also, on the root stone block 30 along the slope of the slope 1a, the slope coating block 10 is piled up by the mechanical force of the underwater working barge 2 and the underwater backhoe 3 supported by the underwater.

[0013] It is desirable to increase the weight and bulk per piece of the pre-cast product side slope block 10 used in the present construction method as much as possible in terms of stacking efficiency at the time of construction. Set within the range. For example, when the underwater backhoe 3 is used for the machine to be used as in the present embodiment, the weight of the slope coating block 10 is set to about 2 tons, and the front shape is formed in a lattice shape. . The vertical and horizontal dimensions of the front rectangle are such that the horizontal dimension B in the vertical direction of stacking is, for example, 1.5 to 2.5.
m, and the vertical width dimension H in the height direction is about 1.0 to 2.0 m. The depth D in the thickness direction is, for example, 1.0 to 1.5 m. Considering the stability when stacking diagonally upward along the slope of the slope 1a,
The height H in the height direction of the slope coating block 10 is set to 1.0.
It can be said that it is preferable to suppress the height to 2.0 m or less.

As shown in FIG. 1 (b), as the root stone block 30 installed on the bottom of the bottom slope, it is slightly larger in terms of weight and bulk than the slope coating block 10 stacked thereon. The optimal shape is designed for the purpose as a root stone.

In addition, both the slope coating block 10 and the root stone block 30 are formed with a large number of lattice-shaped openings 12 (see FIGS. 2 and 3) in the front surface 11 having a rectangular front surface. This can be expected to have a favorable effect on biological environments such as fish and shellfish. If the slope coating block 10 is shown at the principal point,
The size of one opening hole 12 is such that the rubble 4 filled on the back side does not come out of the opening hole 12 to the front side.

FIGS. 4 and 5 show other shapes of the opening hole. That is, the lattice-shaped opening hole 1
In the case where a circular opening 13 is provided (FIG. 4), the opening 14 may be formed in a vertical slit shape (FIG. 5).

Referring again to FIG.
, A pair of buttresses 15 are provided on both sides in the width direction B so as to protrude from the front part 11 having the lattice-shaped opening holes 12. The height of the buttress 15 is represented by the aforementioned block depth D. Therefore, the buttress 15 is fixed at the packed weight of the rubble 4, so that the installation fixation on the slope 1a of the slope coating block 10 is firmly secured.

Each part of the buttress 15 has a concave portion 16a and a convex portion 16b at its lower end, and a concave portion 17a at its upper end.
a and the convex portion 17b. By engaging these concave and convex portions with each other, the upper and lower slope coating blocks 10 can be connected to each other flush with each other along the slope of the slope 1a.

The shape of each part of the buttress 15 is not limited thereto. For example, a buttress structure as shown in the embodiment of FIGS. Buttress 18 of FIG.
In this case, the rear of the front part 11 is completely closed in a rectangular cross section. The buttress 19 shown in FIG. 7 has a shape in which the locking portion 19b enhances the biting effect of the rubble 4 by combining the closing portion 19a and the locking portion 19b protruding on both sides behind the closing portion 19a. The buttress 20 in FIG. 8 is similar to the buttress 15 according to the present embodiment in FIG. 2 in terms of a planar cross-sectional shape, and is provided with a pair of straight protruding sides on both sides in the width direction. Further, in the case of the buttress 21 of FIG. 9, the bulge 21a is provided at the tip portion based on the shape of the buttress 20 of FIG.
The swelling portion 21a increases the hanging of the rubble 4, thereby further improving the retaining effect.

Next, an underwater foundation mound construction method mainly using the above-described slope coating block 10 will be described with reference to FIG.
This will be described with reference to FIGS.

First, as shown in FIG. 1A, rubble 4 is put into a foundation mound construction site. Some rubble 4
Is supplied, the underwater work barge 2 and the underwater backhoe 3 are prepared, and the underwater work barge 2 supports the underwater backhoe 3 underwater. As shown in FIG. 1B, the underwater backhoe 3 grips or suspends and supports the root stone block 30 with a tip bucket and installs it on the bottom of the slope 1 a of the siding 1. This root stone block 30 can be installed in advance along the length of the mound construction section in the length direction of the mound construction section with a certain length for each of its entire length or portion. At this time, as shown in FIG. 1 (c), the rubble 4 is packed into the installed root stone block 30 to enhance the fixing at the bottom.

Here, the work barge 2 for holding the underwater backhoe 3 underwater will be schematically described. The barge 2 supports, for example, four elevating shafts 5 by moving up and down by a hydraulic drive system or the like so as to be able to sink underwater. A lift table 6 is provided at each end of the lifting shaft 5 in the underwater part. The underwater backhoe 3 is mounted on the lift base 6,
The lifting shaft 5 is driven up and down by operation on the barge 2, and the depth position of the lift table 6, that is, the underwater working position of the underwater backhoe 3 is arbitrarily adjusted.

As the underwater backhoe 3 used for this kind of underwater work, conventionally, the sloping stone 4 is climbed on a pile of rubble 4 and the sloping stone 4 is sloped 1 a of the siding 1.
It was roughing along. Therefore, the scaffold of the underwater backhoe 3 during the work was unstable. On the other hand, as in the present embodiment, the efficiency of a series of operations such as stuffing of rubble 4 with the underwater backhoe 3 at a suitable position in the water in a scaffolding environment such as mounting the lift table 6 is dramatically improved. Becomes possible.

On the other hand, after the installation of the root stone block 30, the first-stage slope coating block 10 is added on the root stone block 30 by the working machine force of the underwater backhoe 3 as shown in FIG. As described above. Then, the rubble 4
And the weight of the rubble 4 is applied to the buttress 15 to reinforce the fixing of the entire block.

Subsequently, as shown in FIG. 1 (e), the second-step slope coating block 10 is connected to the first-step slope coating block 10 whose installation has been completed. Thus, the third step, the fourth step,...
0 is connected along the slope 1a. Thereby,
As shown in FIG. 1F, the wall surface of the slope coating block 10 is completed along the slope of the slope 1a.

As can be understood from the above, the rubble 4 initially loaded behind the connected slope coating block 10 is packed. Therefore, as in the past, the slope 1
The work of roughening the rubble 4 in advance while following the inclination gradient of a can be omitted altogether. Moreover, the slope coating block 10 can be used in place of a conventional coating stone that is stacked while being combined on the rubble 4 after roughening. As a result, there is an advantage that two types of work conventionally conventionally performed, ie, rubble leveling and covering stone leveling, can be simultaneously performed.

The sloped covering block 10 as a substitute for the covering stone is a precast product, and if the material cost is compared, the covering stone may be lower in cost in some cases. However, the use of the sloped covering block 10 of the present embodiment significantly improves the construction efficiency as compared with the conventional manual operation by a diver, and the cost reduction by shortening the construction period is based on the precast manufacturing of the sloped covering block 10. There is more than enough to make up for.

In addition, the underwater foundation mound construction method using the slope coating block 10 of the present embodiment can be expected to have the following excellent advantages. In a manual operation of a diver, the work related to the rubble leveling and the covering stone leveling becomes very easy, and special skill is not required. Surveying work is not required to set the slope of the slope during construction. Since the construction is a stacked connection method for each stage, the construction is hardly damaged by natural waves at the time of construction. The slope coating block has a large number of openings in the form of a lattice, etc., and will bring good results to biological environments such as fish and shellfish in the future.

The underwater foundation mound construction method according to the present embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 1 (a) to 1 (f), is a method using a mechanical work force of an underwater work barge 2 and an underwater backhoe 3. But not limited to it. For example, although not shown, a construction method in which the slope coating block 10 is directly settled down by a hoist ship anchored on water is also possible. Although the underwater work barge 2 is used, a method of hanging and supporting the slope coating block 10 or the like using the buoyancy of the underwater balloon instead of using the mechanical force of the underwater backhoe 3 is also possible.

Further, the work of putting the rubble 4 and filling the back of the slope coating block 10 is called a tremy pipe method.
A method is also possible in which a tremy tube is placed on a barge on the water, and rubble is thrown in from the hopper of the tremy tube with a clamshell. In this case, it is necessary to arrange a diver near the discharge port of the tremy tube.

Further, a method is also possible in which the underwater backhoe 3 is placed on a pile of previously placed rubble 4 and the rubble 4 is filled behind the slope coating block 10 by scraping with a bucket.

On the other hand, FIGS. 11 and 12 show another embodiment in which the connection between the slope coating blocks 40 (or 50) having a predetermined shape is further tightened with a fastener or a bolt to further strengthen the connection. The form is shown. In the case of FIG. 11, the slope coating blocks 40 connected vertically are fastened with a bolt and a nut set via a backing plate 41 on the back, and fastened with a stud 42 and a nut set on the front. In the case of FIG. 12, the slope coating blocks 50 connected to each other are
The coupling flanges 51 and 52 provided on the back are fastened by fastening bolts 53 and nuts.

As another embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 13 to FIG. 17 show a connection structure by differently-shaped slope coating blocks 60 to 64, respectively.

[0034]

As described above, the submerged foundation mound building block and the construction method using the same according to the present invention are particularly suitable for forming the slope of the submerged foundation mound, and are conventionally employed in this kind of conventional construction method. Underwater rubble leveling and covering stone leveling by a diver can be performed simultaneously, realizing a shortened construction period with a significant reduction in labor, which can greatly contribute to cost reduction.

[Brief description of the drawings]

1 (a) to 1 (f) are side views in partial cross section showing steps of an underwater foundation mound construction method using a slope coating block according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view and a side view showing a single body of the slope coating block according to the present embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a front view showing a lattice-shaped opening hole of the slope coating block according to the present embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a front view showing a circular opening hole of a slope coating block according to another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a front view showing a slit-shaped opening hole of a slope coating block according to another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a plan view showing a buttress shape of the slope coating block according to the present embodiment.

FIG. 7 is a plan view showing a buttress shape of a method-coated surface block according to another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a plan view showing a buttress shape of a slope coating block according to another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a plan view showing a buttress shape of a slope coating block according to another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a side view showing the connection between the slope coating blocks according to the present embodiment.

FIG. 11 is a side view showing the connection between the slope coating blocks according to another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 12 is a side view showing the connection between the slope coating blocks according to another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 13 is a side sectional view showing another embodiment of the slope coating block.

FIG. 14 is a side sectional view showing another embodiment of the slope coating block.

FIG. 15 is a side sectional view showing another embodiment of the slope coating block.

FIG. 16 is a side sectional view showing another embodiment of the slope coating block.

FIG. 17 is a side sectional view showing another embodiment of the slope coating block.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Basic mound siding 3 Underwater backhoe 4 Ripstone 10 Slope covering block 11 Rectangular front part 12 Grid-shaped opening hole 13 Circular opening hole 14 Slit-shaped opening hole 15 Buttress 16a, 16b Unevenness of connection part 17a, 17b Unevenness of connection part Part 30 Hoshiri installation root stone block

Claims (8)

[Claims] 1. A base mound constructed on the bottom of a water floor, which is stacked and connected in multiple steps from the bottom of the mound along the slope of the slope of the base mound. An underwater foundation mound building block characterized by the following: 2. The underwater foundation according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of opening holes large enough to prevent penetration of the rubble filled in the back are provided in a front portion of the block main body. Mound building block. 3. The underwater foundation mound building block according to claim 2, wherein the opening hole has any suitable shape of a lattice shape, a circular shape, or a slit shape. 4. The buttress according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a buttress that projects rearward and can be fixed with the weight of the rubble is provided on a back surface of a front portion of the block body. Underwater foundation mound building block. 5. The buttress is provided with an uneven portion for alternately connecting the buttress.
Underwater foundation mound building block as described in. 6. An underwater back mound using the underwater foundation mound building block according to any one of claims 1 to 5, which is supported underwater by a barge, or installed on a pile of said rubble previously loaded. With force, pile up while connecting the slopes along the stakes set for surveying, fill and fix the rubble behind the submerged foundation mound building block that is piled up and connected step by step, and pile up A construction method using a submerged foundation mound building block, characterized in that the submerged foundation mound building block is used as a substitute for the covering stone, so that the rubble leveling of the slope and the covering stone leveling are performed simultaneously. 7. A construction method using an underwater foundation mound construction block according to claim 6, wherein the barge is provided with a lift platform which is positioned and adjusted at an arbitrary water depth position via an elevating shaft. An underwater foundation mound construction method, wherein the underwater backhoe is mounted on a platform as a scaffold so that the underwater backhoe can be mechanically operated. 8. A construction method using a submerged foundation mound construction block according to claim 6 or 7, wherein a root stone block is installed along a slope of the slope, and the submerged foundation mound is mounted on the root stone block. Underwater foundation mound construction method characterized by stacking and connecting building blocks as slope coating blocks in multiple stages.