JPH11201581A - Adsorption refrigerating machine - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To control the cooling capacity without spoiling the durability of an adsorption refrigerating machine, by lowering the temperature of an adsorber by a temperature regulating means to increase the cooling capacity of a cooling heat exchanger, and by raising the temperature of the adsorber to decrease the cooling capacity. SOLUTION: When the cooling capacity of a cooling heat exchanger 110 is increased, the air supply amount of the second blower 180 is increased to lower the temperature of an adsorber 150. Thereby, the adsorbing action of an adsorbent is promoted, so that the pressure rise inside the cooling heat exchanger 110 is suppressed. Therefore, the evaporation of liquid refrigerant proceeds, so the cooling capacity increases. On the other hand, when the cooling capacity is decreased, the air supply amount of the second blower 180 is decreased to raise the temperature of the adsorber 150. Thereby, the adsorbing action of the adsorbent is suppressed, so the pressure rise inside the cooling heat exchanger 110 is given. Therefore, the evaporation of the liquid refrigerant is suppressed, so the cooling capacity is lowered.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an adsorption refrigerator, and is effective when applied to an air conditioner.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art The refrigerating capacity of an adsorption refrigerator is controlled, for example, as described in JP-A-5-272832.
This is performed by providing a valve in a connecting pipe that connects the cooling heat exchanger in which the liquid refrigerant is sealed and the adsorber in which the adsorbent that adsorbs the vapor refrigerant is stored, and opening and closing this valve.

[0003]

As is well known, it is necessary for the adsorption refrigerator to maintain the interior of the adsorption refrigerator (the heat exchanger for cooling and the adsorber) at a substantially vacuum. For this reason, if a valve is provided in the connecting pipe as described in the above-mentioned publication, there is a high possibility that the airtightness in the adsorption refrigerator cannot be maintained at the mounting portion of the valve.

[0004] For this reason, in particular, in the case of a vehicle that is constantly subjected to vehicle vibration, such as an adsorption refrigerator for vehicles, a crack (crack) is likely to occur at a joint portion such as a mounting portion.
It is highly likely that the durability (reliability) of the adsorption type refrigerator will be reduced. In view of the above, it is an object of the present invention to control the cooling capacity of an adsorption refrigerator without impairing the durability of the adsorption refrigerator.

[0005]

The present invention uses the following technical means to achieve the above object. Claim 1
According to the invention described in Item 3, when the cooling capacity of the cooling heat exchanger (110) is increased, the temperature of the adsorber (150) is decreased by the temperature adjusting means (180). The temperature of the adsorber (150) is increased by the temperature control means (180).

Accordingly, unlike the invention described in the above-mentioned publication, there is no need to provide a valve in the connecting pipe, so that the number of joints such as a valve mounting portion can be reduced.
Therefore, without impairing the durability of the adsorption refrigerator,
The cooling capacity of the adsorption refrigerator can be controlled. The temperature adjusting means is a blower (180) for blowing air toward the adsorber (150), and when the temperature of the adsorber (150) is reduced, the blower (1) is used.
It is desirable to reduce the air flow when increasing the air flow in 80) and raising the temperature of the adsorber (150).

It is desirable that the liquid refrigerant is water and the adsorbent is silica gel or lithium bromide. By the way,
The reference numerals in parentheses of the above means indicate the correspondence with specific means described in the embodiment described later.

[0008]

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an absorption refrigerator 100 using an absorber according to the present embodiment. The absorption refrigerator 100 is provided with auxiliary cooling when the vehicle is stopped (when the engine is stopped). It is used as a device (see FIG. 2). In FIG. 2, reference numeral 10 denotes a vapor compression refrigerator, which performs a cooling operation by the vapor compressor refrigerator 10 when the vehicle is running.

In FIG. 1, reference numeral 110 denotes a liquid refrigerant (water in the present embodiment) which is stored in a substantially vacuum state (0.1 mmHg or less) and converts the liquid refrigerant into a cooling target fluid (air in the present embodiment). This is a cooling heat exchanger that evaporates by heat. Reference numeral 120 denotes a first blower that sucks indoor air from the inlet 131 and blows the air toward the cooling heat exchanger 110. The air blown by the first blower 120 is cooled by the cooling heat exchanger 110. After that, the outlet 13
It is blown out into the room again from 2.

The portion where the cooling heat exchanger 110 is provided is covered with a heat insulating material 111 having excellent heat insulating properties, and the outer wall of the cooling heat exchanger 110 is shown in FIG. Fin 1 that promotes heat exchange between air and refrigerant
12 are formed. In addition, as shown in FIG. 1, the fin 112 is integrally formed with a louver 113 for meandering the air to both sides of the fin 112 from the fin 112.

An adsorbent (silica gel in this embodiment) 1 that absorbs the evaporated refrigerant (vapor refrigerant) is provided on the opposite side of the cooling heat exchanger 110 across the resin partition 140.
An adsorber 150 for accommodating the heat exchanger 51 (see FIG. 3) is provided.
Is communicated with the inside through a connection pipe 160. As shown in FIG. 3, outer fins 150 a and inner fins 150 b that promote heat exchange between the adsorbent 151 and air flowing outside the adsorber 150 are formed on the inner wall and the outer wall of the adsorber 150, Between the opening 160a of the connection pipe 160 and the adsorbent 151, the adsorption refrigerator 1
A filter 170 for removing the foreign matter in 00 is provided. In addition, the louver 150c is cut and raised integrally with the outer fin 150a from the outer fin 150a, similarly to the fin 112 of the cooling heat exchanger 110 (see FIG. 1).

In FIG. 1, reference numeral 180 denotes an adsorber 150.
A PTC heater (electric heater) 19 for heating the air blown to the adsorber 150 is provided downstream of the second blower 180 in the air flow direction.
0 is provided. In addition, the PTC heater 190 is
As is well known, when the temperature exceeds a predetermined temperature (Curie point of the material constituting the PTC heater) Cp, the heating element is made of an electric resistor whose electric resistance value becomes higher than when the temperature is equal to or lower than the predetermined temperature Cp.

Further, the air flow upstream of the second blower 180,
Further, on the downstream side of the air flow of the adsorber 150, opening / closing doors (opening / closing means) 202, 203 for opening and closing the outside air openings 200, 201 opening toward the outside of the room are provided. By opening and closing the doors 202 and 203, the air blown to the adsorber 150 is circulated in the casing 204 in which the adsorber 150 is stored (inside air circulation), and when the air is circulated from the outside of the casing 204 (outdoor). The case is switched to the case where air is sucked and discharged to the outside of the casing 204 (outdoor) (outside air circulation). Note that the casing 204 is a material having excellent heat insulation properties, and is a resin in the present embodiment.

An electronic control unit (EC) 205 controls the blowers 120 and 180 and the PTC heater 190.
U), the ECU 205 includes a first temperature sensor (first temperature detecting means) 206 for detecting the temperature of the air blown out from the outlet 132 and a second temperature sensor (second temperature sensor) for detecting the temperature of the air in the vehicle cabin. ROM (read only storage device) based on a detection signal from the detection unit 207
In accordance with the program stored in the two blowers 120, 18
0 and the PTC heater 190 are controlled.

Next, the operation of this embodiment will be described. 1. Desorption mode This desorption mode is a mode that is performed as a preparation stage for performing the cooling operation. In a state where both the outside air openings 200 and 201 are closed, power is supplied to the PCT heater 190 and the first and second blowers 120 and 180 are opened. Is activated.

Thus, the adsorber 150 (adsorbent 15
Since 1) is heated, the vapor refrigerant absorbed by the adsorbent 151 is desorbed, and the desorbed vapor refrigerant is cooled by the cooling heat exchanger 110 and condensed (to become a liquid refrigerant). The PCT heater 190 has a temperature suitable for the desorbing action of the adsorbent 151 (about 100 ° C. or more for silica gel).
It is selected to be.

2. Cool storage mode This cool storage mode is a mode that is performed after the desorption mode and before the cooling operation. In a state where both outside air openings 200 and 201 are open, the power supply to the PCT heater 190 is stopped, and the first blower 120 is turned off. Stop and the second blower 18
Run 0. As a result, the evaporation of the liquid refrigerant in the cooling heat exchanger 110 progresses, and the vapor refrigerant is adsorbed by the adsorbent 151, so that the cooling heat exchanger 110 and the ambient temperature thereof decrease.

3. Cooling (cooling) mode In this mode, the first blower 120 is operated in the cool storage mode. Thereby, the cooled air is blown into the room. At this time, when the cooling capacity of the cooling heat exchanger 110 is to be increased, the amount of air blown by the second blower 180 is increased to lower the temperature of the adsorber 150 (adsorbent 151). This promotes the adsorbing action of the adsorbent 151,
The pressure increase in the cooling heat exchanger 110 is suppressed. Therefore, the evaporation of the liquid refrigerant proceeds, and the cooling capacity increases.

On the other hand, when lowering the cooling capacity, the amount of air blown by the second blower 180 is reduced to raise the temperature of the adsorber 150 (adsorbent 151). Thereby, the adsorbing action of the adsorbent 151 is suppressed, so that the cooling heat exchanger 1
The pressure rise in 10 rises. Therefore, the evaporation of the liquid refrigerant is suppressed, and the cooling capacity is reduced. FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing the operation in the cooling mode, and the flowchart will be described below.

First, based on the detected indoor temperature Tr of the second temperature sensor 207 (see the map shown in FIG. 5), the air outlet 1
As the temperature of the air blown out from the air outlet 32, a basic target outlet temperature Tset, a first target outlet temperature Tset1, and a second target outlet temperature T
Set2 is calculated (S100, S110). By the way, the first
The target outlet temperature Tset1 is obtained by adding 5 ° C. as a hysteresis component to the basic target outlet temperature Tset, and the second target outlet temperature Tset2 is obtained by subtracting 5 ° C. from the basic target outlet temperature Tset as a hysteresis component.

Next, the detected temperature T of the first temperature sensor 206
out is compared with the first target outlet temperature Tset1 (S12).
0), when the detected temperature Tout is higher than the first target blowout temperature Tset1, the airflow V of the second blower 180 is increased by a predetermined airflow ΔV from the previous airflow V ′ (S13).
0) Later, the process returns to S100. On the other hand, when the detected temperature Tout is equal to or lower than the first target outlet temperature Tset1, the detected temperature Tout is compared with the second target outlet temperature Tset2 (S140), and when the detected temperature Tout is equal to or higher than the second target outlet temperature Tset2, S100. Return to When the detected temperature Tout is lower than the second target blowout temperature Tset2, the flow returns to S100 after the airflow V of the second blower 180 is reduced from the previous airflow V 'by the predetermined airflow ΔV (S150).

Next, the features of this embodiment will be described. According to the present embodiment, as a temperature adjusting means for adjusting the temperature of the adsorber 150 (adsorbent 151), cooling is performed by increasing or decreasing the amount of air blown by the second blower 180 disposed outside the adsorber 150. Since the capability is controlled, there is no need to provide a valve in the connecting pipe 160 as in the invention described in the above publication. Therefore, since the number of joints such as mounting portions can be reduced, the cooling capacity of the adsorption type refrigerator 100 can be controlled without impairing the durability of the adsorption type refrigerator 100.

In this embodiment, the second blower 180
Therefore, the cooling capacity can be controlled while maintaining the durability without increasing the production cost of the adsorption chiller 100. Incidentally, FIG. 6 shows the temperature change of the adsorbent 151 and the outlet 13
2 is a result of simulating a change in air temperature by numerical calculation, wherein (a) relates to the present embodiment,
(B) does not control the second blower 180.
And, as is clear from FIG. 6, according to the present embodiment, it can be seen that the air temperature of the outlet 132 is kept substantially constant for a long time.

Incidentally, in the above embodiment, the adsorbent 1
Although silica gel was used as 51, the present invention is not limited to this, and zeolite, activated alumina, activated carbon, lithium bromide and the like may be used. When ammonia is used as the liquid refrigerant, water may be used as the adsorbent 151.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an auxiliary cooling device using an adsorption refrigerator according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing a state in which the adsorption refrigerator according to the embodiment is mounted on a vehicle.

FIG. 3A is a schematic diagram of an adsorption refrigerator, and FIG.
FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line AA of FIG.

FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing the operation of a second blower.

FIG. 5 is a ROM showing a relationship between a room temperature and a target outlet temperature.
Is a map stored in the map.

FIG. 6 is a graph showing a change in the temperature of the adsorbent and a change in the air temperature at the outlet.

[Explanation of symbols]

110: heat exchanger for cooling; 150: adsorber; 160: connecting pipe; 180: second blower.

Claims (3)

[Claims] A cooling heat exchanger (110) in which a liquid refrigerant is sealed and which cools an object to be cooled by evaporating the liquid refrigerant, and a vapor evaporated in the cooling heat exchanger (110). An adsorber (15) containing an adsorbent (151) for adsorbing a refrigerant
0), and a temperature adjusting means (180) arranged outside the adsorber (150) for adjusting the temperature of the adsorber (150), and cooling the cooling heat exchanger (110). When increasing the capacity, the temperature of the adsorber (150) is decreased by the temperature adjusting means (180), and when decreasing the cooling capacity, the temperature of the adsorber (150) is decreased by the temperature adjusting means (180). An adsorption refrigerator characterized by raising the temperature. 2. The temperature control means includes:
0), and when the temperature of the adsorber (150) is reduced, the amount of air blown by the blower (180) is increased, and the adsorber (1) is blown.
The adsorption chiller according to claim 1, wherein when the temperature is raised in (50), the air volume is reduced. 3. The adsorptive refrigerator according to claim 1, wherein the liquid refrigerant is water, and the adsorbent is silica gel or lithium bromide.