JPH11190566A - Refrigerating unit - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a sufficient refrigerating capacity with a small quantity of power in a refrigerating unit which is constituted by combining vapor- compression type refrigerating machines with an adsorption type refrigerating machine. SOLUTION: The desorbing work of an adsorption type refrigerating machine 130 is performed by using the heat of a first condenser 112 and, at the same time, a second condenser 122 is cooled by means of the refrigerating machine 130. Therefore, the driving power (compressing work) of a second compressor 121 can be reduced and a sufficient refrigerating capacity can be obtained with a small quantity of power, because the pressure in the second condenser 122 can be lowered.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a vapor compression type refrigerator for obtaining a cooling capacity by compressing and evaporating a refrigerant, and an adsorption apparatus for adsorbing a vapor refrigerant in an adsorber maintained at a substantially vacuum (0.1 mmHg). The present invention relates to a refrigerating apparatus in which an adsorbent type refrigerator containing an agent and a liquid refrigerant is combined, and is effective when applied to an air conditioner.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a refrigerating apparatus combining a vapor compression type refrigerating machine and an adsorption type refrigerating machine, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 3-186163 is disclosed.
There is an official gazette. And the invention described in the above publication regenerates the adsorption-type refrigerator by the waste heat (condensation heat) of the vapor-compression-type refrigerator (act of desorbing the vapor refrigerant adsorbed by the adsorbent).
It is intended to improve efficiency.

[0003]

However, in a relatively small refrigeration system (such as a general household or small commercial air conditioner), the waste heat temperature from the vapor compression refrigerator is relatively low (usually about 60 ° C). ° C or less), so in the invention described in the above-mentioned publication,
The adsorbent and liquid refrigerant cannot be raised to high temperatures during regeneration.

Therefore, in the invention described in the above publication,
Since the temperature difference between adsorption and regeneration is relatively small, it is difficult to obtain sufficient refrigeration capacity. In view of the above, it is an object of the present invention to obtain a sufficient refrigerating capacity with a small amount of power in a refrigerating apparatus combining a vapor compression type refrigerating machine and an adsorption type refrigerating machine.

[0005]

The present invention uses the following technical means to achieve the above object. Claim 1
In the invention described in Item 4, the two adsorbers (131a, 131b)
Is switched between an adsorbed state and a regenerated state in which the adsorbed vapor refrigerant is desorbed and regenerated at regular intervals, and the condenser (111) of the first vapor compression refrigerator (110) is used to regenerate the adsorber ( 131a, 131b) (S
i) is heated and the adsorber (131) in the adsorbed state is heated.
The condenser (122) of the second vapor compression refrigerator (120) is cooled by the cooling action of (a, 131b).

Accordingly, the second vapor compression refrigerator (12
0), the pressure inside the condenser (122) can be reduced, so that the compressor (12) of the second vapor compression refrigerator (120) can be reduced.
The power (compression work) of 1) can be reduced. Therefore, the first and second vapor compression refrigerators (110, 120)
In the refrigerating apparatus combining the refrigerating apparatus and the adsorption refrigerating machine (130), a sufficient refrigerating capacity can be obtained with less power.

The evaporators of the two vapor compression refrigerators (110, 120) may be integrated. According to the third aspect of the present invention, the pressure in the evaporator (114) on the upstream side in the flow direction of the object to be cooled out of the two evaporators (114, 124) is reduced by the evaporator on the downstream side (124).
It is characterized by being higher than the internal pressure.

Accordingly, the pressure difference between the low pressure side and the high pressure side of the vapor compression type refrigerator (110) having the upstream evaporator (114) can be reduced, so that the first vapor compression type refrigerator (110) 110), the power consumption of the compressor (111) can be reduced. According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, the two vapor compression refrigerators (110, 120) are cooled by the cooling operation of the adsorbers (131a, 131b) in the adsorption state.
The refrigerant on the outlet side of the condenser (112) on at least one side may be cooled.

According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, the condenser (11) is cooled by the cooling operation of the adsorber (131a) in the adsorbed state.
The method is characterized by switching between the case of cooling 2) and the case of heating the adsorbent (Si) by heat generated in the condenser (112) to desorb and regenerate the adsorbed vapor refrigerant at regular intervals. And Thereby, while obtaining the same effects as the first to fourth aspects of the invention, the configuration of the refrigeration apparatus can be simplified, and the manufacturing cost of the refrigeration apparatus can be reduced.

[0010] The reference numerals in parentheses of the above means indicate the correspondence with the specific means described in the embodiment described later.

[0011]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS (First Embodiment)
The refrigeration apparatus 100 according to the present invention is applied to an air conditioner for cooling a room, and FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the refrigeration apparatus 100 according to the present embodiment. In FIG. 1, reference numerals 110 and 120 denote first and second vapor compression refrigerators using Freon as a refrigerant,
As is well known, these first and second vapor compression refrigerators 110 and 120 include first and second compressors 111 and 121, first and second compressors 110 and 120, respectively.
Condensers (radiators) 112 and 122, first and second pressure reducers 11
3, 123, an evaporator 114, and first and second accumulators 115 and 125. In the present embodiment, the evaporators of the first and second steam refrigerators 110 and 120 are integrated.

The first and second compressors 111 and 121 are driven by an electric motor (not shown), and the number of rotations is controlled by controlling the electric motor. Reference numeral 123 denotes a fixed throttle unit such as a capillary tube. The evaporator 114 cools the indoor air (the object to be cooled) by evaporating the refrigerant. The first and second accumulators 115 and 125 each convert the refrigerant flowing out of the evaporator 114 into a gaseous refrigerant and a liquid phase. The first and second compressors 111 and 12 are separated into a refrigerant and a gas phase refrigerant.
1 flows out to the suction side.

The interior of each of 131a and 131b is substantially vacuum (0.
The first and second adsorbers are kept at 1 mmHg. The first and second adsorbers 131a and 131b adsorb a liquid refrigerant (water in this embodiment) Lr and an evaporated liquid refrigerant (water vapor). (In this embodiment, silica gel) Si is stored. Then, first and second adsorbent heat exchangers 132a and 132b are disposed in a portion where the adsorbent Si is disposed, and first and second heat exchangers 132a and 132b are disposed in a portion where the liquid refrigerant Lr is located.
Water heat exchangers 133a and 133b are provided, and a heat exchange medium (water in this embodiment) is circulated in each of the heat exchangers 132a, 132b, 133a and 133b.

Reference numeral 134 denotes an outdoor heat exchanger which is disposed outside to exchange heat between a heat exchange medium and outdoor air.
5a to 135c are first to third pumps for circulating the heat exchange medium. And each heat exchanger 132a, 132b,
133a, 133b, 134 and condensers 112, 12
The control of the flow state of the heat exchange medium between the two is performed in the first to fourth modes.
This is performed by controlling the switching of the four-way valves 136a to 136d. The first to fourth four-way valves 136a to 136d
The operations of the first to third pumps 136a to 136c are controlled by an electronic control unit (not shown).

In this embodiment, the first and second adsorbers 131a, 131b and the heat exchangers 132a, 132
b, 133a, 133b, 134, etc.
30 are configured. Next, the operation of the refrigeration apparatus 100 will be described. FIG. 1 shows that the first adsorber 131a is in an adsorbing state,
This shows a state in which the second adsorber 131b is in the regeneration state. Since the evaporation of the liquid refrigerant Lr proceeds in the first adsorber 131a, the heat exchange medium flowing through the first water heat exchanger 133a is cooled. The second condenser 122 is cooled. at the same time,
The indoor air (the object to be cooled) is cooled by the second evaporator 124.

At this time, since the heat exchange medium cooled by the outdoor air in the outdoor heat exchanger 134 flows through the first adsorbent heat exchanger 132a, the adsorbent Si is cooled.
Therefore, since the temperature rise of the adsorbent Si is suppressed,
A decrease in the adsorption capacity of the adsorbent Si is prevented, and a decrease in the cooling capacity of the adsorption refrigerator 130 is prevented. On the other hand, since the heat exchange medium heated by the first condenser 112 flows through the second adsorbent heat exchanger 132b, the adsorbent Si of the second adsorber 131b desorbs the adsorbed water vapor. Further, since the heat exchange medium rejected by the first evaporator 114 flows through the second water heat exchanger 133b, the desorbed water vapor is condensed and regenerated.

The electronic control unit controls the first to fourth four-way valves 136a to 136d to switch at regular intervals so that the two adsorbers 131a and 131b alternately enter the adsorption state and the regeneration state. doing. By the way,
FIG. 2 shows the state where the second adsorber 131b is in the adsorbed state and the first adsorber 13
It is a schematic diagram when 1a is a detached state. In addition, FIG.
FIG. 3 is an adsorption isotherm indicating the state of the adsorbent Si in the adsorbers 131a and 131b, and the water adsorption rate of the adsorbent Si is determined by the temperature of the adsorbent Si and the temperature of the liquid refrigerant Lr, as shown in FIG. You. Then, the adsorbent Si adsorbs water at a difference between the point A (regeneration state) and the point B (adsorption state), and the latent heat of evaporation corresponding to the adsorbed water amount becomes the refrigerating capacity of the adsorption refrigerator 130.

Incidentally, as is apparent from FIG.
The time for switching the four four-way valves 136a to 136d is appropriately selected according to the type of the adsorbent Si, the particle size of the adsorbent Si, the filling amount of the adsorbent Si, and the like. It is switched about every 2 to 10 minutes. Also, the first and second vapor compression refrigerators 110 and 120 are
By controlling the number of rotations of 1, the refrigerant temperature and pressure in the evaporator 114 (low pressure side) are set to predetermined values (temperature: about 5
[° C.], pressure: 0.35 [MPa]).

Next, the features of this embodiment will be described. According to the present embodiment, the second condenser 1 is operated by the adsorption refrigerator 130.
Since the 22 is cooled, the pressure in the second condenser 122 can be reduced. Therefore, the power (compression work) of the second compressor 121 can be reduced.
Vapor compression refrigerators 110 and 120 and adsorption refrigerator 130
In the refrigeration apparatus 100 that combines the above, a sufficient refrigeration capacity can be obtained with a small amount of power.

Hereinafter, the features of the present embodiment will be described with reference to specific examples. It is assumed that the first vapor compression refrigerator 110
(C) when the refrigerant temperature on the high-pressure side (first condenser 112 side) is 45 ° C. and the pressure is 1.1 [MPa].
OP) is about 3.6 (see the solid line in FIG. 4). Therefore, in order to obtain the refrigerating capacity of X [W], the first compressor 11
0.28X [W] is required as the power (compression work) of 1.

On the other hand, as shown by the broken line in FIG. 4, the second condenser 122 is cooled by the adsorption type refrigerator 130 and its pressure is reduced (1.1 → 0.7 [MPa]). As the power of the compressor 121 decreases, the coefficient of performance becomes about 6.3, and 0.16X [W] is required as the power of the second compressor 121 to obtain the refrigerating capacity of X [W]. .

Assuming that the refrigerating capacity required indoors is X [W], the refrigerating capacity (X [W]) is determined by the two vapor compression refrigerators 1.
If the load is equally divided between 10, 120, the power of the first compressor 111 is 0.14 [W], and the power of the second compressor 121 is 0.08 [W]. Therefore, the adsorption refrigerator 13
Power to be input to the refrigeration apparatus 100 (compression work of the compressor) as compared with a case where the refrigeration capacity X [W] is obtained by one vapor compression refrigerator without being combined with 0 (0.28 X [W]). Can be reduced by about 21%.

(Second Embodiment) In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 5, a first evaporator 114 for a first vapor compression refrigerator 110 and a second evaporator 114 for a second vapor compression refrigerator 120 are provided. The evaporators 124 are provided independently of each other, and both evaporators 114 and 124 are arranged in series with the air flow to reduce the pressure in the upstream evaporator (the first evaporator 114 in the present embodiment) to the downstream evaporation. The first and second decompressors 113 and 11 are set so as to have a higher pressure than the pressure in the vessel (the second evaporator 124 in this embodiment).
The fourth and first and second compressors 111 and 121 are set and controlled.

Thus, the low-pressure side (first evaporator 114) and the high-pressure side (first condenser 11) of the first vapor compression refrigerator 110 are
1) because the pressure difference with the first side can be reduced.
Power saving of the compressor 111 can be achieved. Since the pressure in the first evaporator 114 increases, the first evaporator 1
There is a possibility that the temperature of 14 increases and the refrigerating capacity of the first vapor compression refrigerator 110 decreases. However, the first evaporator 11
Since 4 is located on the upstream side of the air flow, a sufficient temperature difference between the circulating air (room air) and the first evaporator 114 can be obtained. Therefore, the first vapor compression refrigerator 11
Since a decrease in the refrigerating capacity at 0 can be suppressed, a practically sufficient refrigerating capacity can be obtained.

(Third Embodiment) As shown in FIG. 6, in this embodiment, at least one of the two vapor compression refrigerators 110 and 120 has a condenser (in the present embodiment, the first condenser 1).
12) Subcooler (supercooler) that cools the refrigerant on the outlet side
140 is configured to be cooled by an adsorber in an adsorption state.

Thus, the specific enthalpy difference between the inlet side and the outlet side of the first evaporator 114 can be increased, so that the refrigeration capacity can be increased without increasing the power of the first compressor 111 (coefficient of performance). Improvement).
In the present embodiment, the sub-cooler 14 is provided in the second vapor compression refrigerator 120 or both the vapor compression refrigerators 110 and 120.
0 may be provided.

(Fourth Embodiment) In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 7, the second vapor compression refrigerator 120 is eliminated and one vapor compression refrigerator is provided (the first vapor compression refrigerator 110). Only) and the second adsorber 132b of the adsorption refrigerator 130 is eliminated to provide one adsorber (the first adsorber 132a).
Only).

The first condenser 112 is cooled by the cooling action of the adsorber 132a in the adsorbed state, and the vapor refrigerant adsorbed by heating the adsorbent 132a by the heat generated in the first condenser 112 By switching the case of desorption and regeneration at regular time intervals, the refrigerating apparatus 100 according to the first embodiment can be simulated. Thereby, while obtaining the same effect as the refrigeration apparatus 100 according to the first embodiment, the configuration of the refrigeration apparatus 100 can be simplified, and the manufacturing cost of the refrigeration apparatus 100 can be reduced.

In the above embodiment, the adsorbent S
Although silica gel is used as i, the present invention is not limited to this, and activated carbon, zeolite, activated alumina, or the like may be used as the adsorbent Si. Further, in the above embodiment, water was used as the liquid refrigerant, but the present invention is not limited to this, and other substances can be used as long as they are adsorbed by the adsorbent Si such as alcohol and chlorofluorocarbon. You may.

In the above embodiment, the compressor 111
Although the accumulator 125 is provided in order to prevent the liquid refrigerant from being sucked into the vacuum chamber, the accumulator 125 is eliminated, and the decompression device 113 is used as the decompression device 113 so that the outlet side heating degree of the evaporator 114 becomes a predetermined value. A temperature-type expansion valve for adjusting the opening degree) may be used. In this case, the condenser 1
A receiver may be provided on the outlet side of the twelve.

In the above embodiment, the refrigeration apparatus 100 according to the present invention is applied to an air conditioner. However, the application of the refrigeration apparatus according to the present invention is not limited to an air conditioner. The present invention can also be applied as a cooling device for cooling.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a refrigeration apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention when a first adsorber is in an adsorption state.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the refrigeration apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention when a second adsorber is in an adsorption state.

FIG. 3 is an adsorption isotherm showing the state of an adsorbent.

FIG. 4 is a Mollier diagram of a vapor compression refrigerator.

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a refrigeration apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a refrigeration apparatus according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a refrigeration apparatus according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

110 ... first vapor compression refrigerator, 111 ... first compressor,
112 ... first condenser, 113 ... first decompressor, 114 ... evaporator, 115 ... first accumulator, 120 ... second vapor compression refrigerator, 121 ... second compressor, 122 ... second condenser, 123 ... second decompressor, 125 ... second accumulator, 130 ... adsorption refrigerator, 131a ... first adsorber,
131b: second adsorber, 132a: first adsorbent heat exchanger, 132b: second adsorbent heat exchanger, 133a: first water heat exchanger, 123b: second water heat exchanger, 134: outdoor heat exchange vessel.

Claims (5)

[Claims] A compressor (111, 121), a condenser (1)
12, 122), a decompressor (113, 123) and an evaporator (114, 124).
24) first and second vapor compression refrigerators (110, 120) for cooling the object to be cooled, and first and second adsorbers (Si) containing liquid refrigerant and adsorbent (Si) for adsorbing vapor refrigerant. 131a, 131b), wherein the two adsorbers (131a, 131b) are switched at regular intervals between an adsorption state and a regeneration state for desorbing and regenerating the adsorbed vapor refrigerant, The condenser (11) of the first vapor compression refrigerator (110)
The heat generated in 1) heats the adsorbent (Si) in the adsorber (131a, 131b) in the regenerating state, and cools the adsorber (131a, 131b) in the adsorbing state. A refrigerating apparatus for cooling a condenser (122) of the second vapor compression refrigerator (120). 2. The double vapor compression refrigerator (110, 12).
The refrigeration apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the evaporator (0) is integrated. 3. The evaporator (1) of the first vapor compression refrigerator (110), wherein the object to be cooled is a fluid having fluidity.
14) and the evaporator (124) of the second vapor compression refrigerator (120) are arranged in series in the flow direction of the object to be cooled, and further, the two evaporators (114, The refrigeration apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the pressure in the evaporator (114) on the upstream side in the flow direction of the object to be cooled out of (124) is higher than the pressure in the evaporator (124) on the downstream side. . 4. The adsorber (131a,
The cooling operation of 131b) cools the refrigerant at the outlet of the condenser (112) on at least one of the two vapor compression refrigerators (110, 120). The refrigeration apparatus according to any one of the above. 5. A compressor (111), a condenser (112),
A vapor compression refrigerator (110) having a decompressor (113) and an evaporator (114) for cooling a cooled object in the evaporator (114); and an adsorbent (adsorber for adsorbing a liquid refrigerant and a vapor refrigerant) Adsorption refrigerator (13) having an adsorber (131a) in which Si) is stored.
0), wherein the condenser (112) is cooled by a cooling action of the adsorber (131a) in the adsorbed state, and the adsorbent (Si) is generated by heat generated in the condenser (112). A refrigerating apparatus characterized in that the apparatus is switched at regular intervals between heating and heating and desorbing and regenerating the adsorbed vapor refrigerant.