JPH1118573A - Nutritive auxiliary agent for crop, and culture of crop by using the same - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a nutritive auxiliary agent for a crop, having activities for promoting growth of the crop, capable of improving resistance to a disease, and a sugar content, taste, etc., of a fruit, and useful for scatter on the surface of leaves and fruit, a soil culture, a water culture by including fermented product comprising nigerooligosaccharides-containing saccharides as the components. SOLUTION: This nutritive auxiliary agent comprises a fermented product containing nigerooligosaccharicles-containing saccharides, such as vinegar, obtained by carrying out an acetic acid fermentation of a mixture of the nigerooligosaccharides-containing saccharides and an alcohol for fermentation as the components. Preferably, the applying concentration of the nutritive auxiliary agent is <=2% as the concentration of the nigerooligosaccharides-containing saccharides and <=0.5% as the acidity expressed in terms of the acetic acid.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention utilizes vinegar, which is a food, and more specifically, promotes the growth of crops by using a nutrient supplement comprising a fermented product containing a nigero-oligosaccharide-containing saccharide. It is effective for greening and prolonging the period, improving crop disease resistance, increasing fruit set and dropping, improving fruit sugar content and taste, improving flower color and luster, improving crop shelf life, and more. Specifically, it is effective for vegetables, fruits, flowers, other temperate crops, tropical crops, subtropical crops, cold crops, greenhouse crops, ornamental crops, medicinal crops, processing crops, etc. as food crops, craft crops, green manure crops and horticultural crops The present invention relates to a crop nutritional supplement using vinegar as a food.

2. Description of the Related Art In general, a crop is a plant cultivated on arable land for use in clothing, food and shelter.
Stems, leaves, flowers, roots, etc. are used. For example,
"Crops using leaves such as cabbage and tea", "Crops using stems such as asparagus and udo", "Sweet potatoes,
Crops that use roots and rhizomes, such as potatoes, "
There are "crops using flowers such as hops and saffron", "crops using seeds such as wheat, corn and soybean", and "crops using fruits such as cucumber, grapes and bananas". It is known that substances necessary for growing various crops are inorganic nutrients and sugar. Inorganic nutrients are taken in from the soil as nutrients and sugars are produced as photosynthesis. Although more than 30 species are known as basic elements involved in the growth, that is, elements contained in the body of a plant, 16 of them are essential elements indispensable for growth, and carbon, oxygen, Hydrogen, nitrogen,
It is a major element of phosphorus, sulfur, potassium, calcium and magnesium and trace elements of iron, copper, manganese, zinc, molybdenum, boron and chlorine. Although carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen are present in large amounts in crops, they are not usually required to be provided because of their abundant natural supply as air (carbon dioxide) and water. Nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium are well known in particular as the three elements of fertilizers because of their relatively low abundance in soil and high response of plants to external supplementation. Sulfur, calcium, magnesium, iron,
Copper, manganese, zinc, molybdenum, boron, and chlorine are not all abundant in the soil, but can be deficient due to the amount of forms readily available to the crop (available) and imbalance with other elements. is there. Elements other than carbon, oxygen and hydrogen are
Since all of these elements are generally absorbed as an aqueous solution from the soil, if the soil is deficient in these elements, the soil cannot maintain its productivity unless it is artificially supplied. Therefore, a large number of fertilizer products classified as special fertilizers from ordinary fertilizers have been used in the Fertilizer Control Law. On the other hand, carbon, oxygen, and hydrogen are converted into carbohydrates (sugars) by photosynthesis to form a plant skeleton, and carbohydrates are involved in the production of proteins and lipids. Carbohydrates are also important as an energy source for growth. This photosynthesis is known as a carbon dioxide fixing mechanism. Carbon dioxide will vary passed a series of reactions in carbohydrates (sugars) other compounds, but the first case a (C ₃ type plants) the first product carbon perform photosynthesis only Calvin acid cycle in three trioses product are divided into such CAM plant to be fixed as another case with dicarboxylic acids circuit (C ₄ type plants) and once malic acid Calvin acid cycle carbon is four dicarboxylic acids. The main sugars in this photosynthesis and glycolysis system are sucrose, glucose, fructose and the like. Therefore, conventionally, it is not a legal fertilizer to promote the photosynthesis of leaves, but sucrose (sugar), glucose (glucose), fructose (fructose), etc. are dissolved in crops under the name of a plant active agent. Giving has been done. For example, P70 of "Flower gardening dictionary" Asakura Shoten (issued October 25, 1986)
Reference numeral 2 shows a cut flower preservative (life-promoting agent) containing a drug, the main component of which is sucrose (sucrose) or glucose. Since organic acids are involved in photosynthesis and glycolysis, rice vinegar and brown rice vinegar containing organic acids have been used empirically.

In view of such circumstances, the present inventors have conducted various studies on the effects of vinegar and saccharides containing vinegar on crop growth and the like, and as a result, have found that sucrose, glucose, The mechanism of action is unknown, such as fructose, but surprisingly, it has been found that a fermented product containing a nigerooligosaccharide-containing saccharide as a component has excellent effects such as crop growth, and thus completes the present invention. Reached.

Configuration of the Invention

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a crop nutritional supplement comprising a fermented product containing a nigerooligosaccharide-containing saccharide as a component. A crop cultivation method according to a second aspect uses the crop nutritional supplement according to the first aspect. Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.
Nigerooligosaccharides are natural carbohydrates contained in sake, beer, mirin, honey, etc., and have a taste improving effect. Industrial production methods of nigerooligosaccharides include a method of separating from acid saccharified glucose solution, a method of decomposing nigeran and isoercinan, and the like, and a method of causing an enzyme to act on starch is superior. The nigerooligosaccharide-containing saccharide in the present invention is a glucose (glucose) solution containing a nigerooligosaccharide, and the content of the nigerooligosaccharide in the solid content is 2/100.
0, the component of which is α-1,3′-glucooligosaccharide nigerose, nigerlotriose or the like, or α-1,3′-, α-1,4′-glucooligosaccharide nigerosyl It is composed of glucose, nigerosyl maltose, etc., but its main component is nigerose, and its production method is not limited. Next, a fermented product containing a nigerooligosaccharide-containing saccharide used in the present invention is prepared in the following example. The vinegar as a fermented product comprising the nigerooligosaccharide-containing saccharide as a component according to claim 3 is, for example, a mixture of a nigello-oligosaccharide-containing saccharide (Nigerooligosaccharide content 30%) and a brewing alcohol (purity 95%) of a product. The alcohol concentration was adjusted to 5.5% v / v and the sugar concentration to 20% w / w with pure water.
The raw material is 000 ml. Yeast extract 1
g, monopotassium phosphate 0.5 g, diammonium phosphate 0.5 g and seed vinegar Acetobacter aceti (Acetob)
After adjusting the acidity to 1.5% by adding 30 ml of a seed vinegar fermented solution of acter acetti), acetic acid fermentation was performed at a temperature of 30 ° C. for 25 days. 4. Acetic acid concentration after fermentation
The alcohol concentration was 0% w / v and the alcohol concentration was 0.3% v / v.
This was filtered to remove the cells, and heat-treated at 75 ° C. to obtain vinegar containing nigerooligosaccharide as a component. This vinegar had an acidity of 5%, a salt-free soluble solid content of 19%, and the sugar component per 100 ml of vinegar was 20 g of nigerooligosaccharide-containing sugar and 6 g of nigerooligosaccharide. The vinegar as a fermented product comprising the nigerooligosaccharide-containing saccharide as a component according to claim 4 is, for example, prepared by adjusting the nigerooligosaccharide-containing saccharide of the product shown above to 30% w / w with pure water to obtain 1,000 ml. Raw materials. This is followed by the yeast Saccharomyces ellipoid.
eus) culture solution and yeast extract 1 g,
0.5 g of monopotassium phosphate, 0.
5 g was added, and alcohol fermentation was performed at a temperature of 25 to 30 ° C. for 10 days. The alcohol concentration after the above fermentation is 6.5.
% V / v. This was heated at a temperature of 65 ° C. for 10 minutes to sterilize the yeast, and then the alcohol concentration was adjusted to 5.5% v / v.
Was adjusted. Next, seed vinegar Acetobacter aceti (Ace
After adding 30 ml of acetic acid fermentation solution of C. tobacter aceti) to adjust the acidity to 1.5%, the temperature was adjusted to 3%.
Acetic acid fermentation was performed at 5 to 40 ° C for 10 days. Acetic acid concentration after fermentation 4.5% w / v, alcohol concentration 0.3% v / v
v. This was filtered to remove the cells, and heat-treated at 75 ° C. to obtain vinegar containing nigerooligosaccharide as a component. This vinegar has an acidity of 4.5%, a salt-free soluble solid content of 20%, and a vinegar of 1
The sugar component per 00 ml was 21.6 g of the nigero-oligosaccharide-containing saccharide and 10 g of the nigello-oligosaccharide. The crop cultivation method according to claim 5 shows an action concentration of a crop nutritional supplement consisting of a fermented product containing a nigero-oligosaccharide-containing saccharide as a component, and a ratio diluted with water is 10 times or more, preferably 30 times or more. Is 2% or less as the concentration of the nigero-oligosaccharide-containing saccharide and 0.5% as the acidity in terms of acetic acid.
The following is assumed. The method of using the crop nutritional supplement according to claim 6, wherein the method is to act as foliar spray,
It is used by a method in which it is applied to soil and absorbed by roots, or in hydroponic cultivation, a method in which it is added to liquid fertilizer to act. As a result, the crop nutritional supplement of the present invention includes, for example, rice, wheat, millet, millet, buckwheat,
Food crops such as corn, soybeans, adzuki beans, sweet potatoes, potatoes, cassava, cotton, hemp, flax, rush, mulberry, sugar beet, sugar cane, stevia, rapeseed, sesame, peanut, olive, safflower, saffron, tobacco, chiya, jochugiku, Craft crops such as lavender, eucalyptus seedlings, rosewood, peppermint, pepper, hops, tadeai, green manure crops such as astragalus, clover, forage crops such as red clover, conmon vetch, orchardgrass, etc., bentgrass, fescue, ryegrass, Bermuda Grasses, turf grass such as nosiba and black rice, cucumber, white lily, pumpkin,
Makuwa, melon, watermelon, eggplant, tomato, pepper,
Bell pepper, okra, strawberry, fava bean, peas, kidney bean, edamame, bean sprouts, coffee, cocoa, lotus, kwai, ginger, yam, taro, yam, konjac, onion, leek, garlic, rakkyo, radish, carrot, panax ginseng ), Turnip, burdock, Chinese cabbage, tsukena, watercress, sardana, honeysuckle, blue crocodile, kaiware radish, komatsuna, gogatsuna, chingensai, mizuna, mustard, cabbage, komochikanran, hanayasai, lettuce, broccoli, celery, parsley, wasabi, dassia , Spring, myoga, salamander, shungiku, spinach, chard, asparagus, mushroom, bamboo shoot, mushroom, shiitake mushroom, nameko, enoki mushroom,
Vegetables such as oyster mushroom, agaric mushroom, apple, pear, hawthorn, quince, quince, peach, plum, cherry, apricot, plum, acerola, walnut, chestnut, pecan, almond, hazelnut, oyster, jujube, pomegranate, fig, loquat, banana , Pineapple, orange, lemon, citron, buntan, grapefruit, fruits such as Satsuma mandarin, summer tangerine, kumquat, grape, raspberry, currant, currant, cranberry, kiwi fruit, etc., and 1.2 as flower, such as sweet pea, morning glory, calendula
Plants such as annual grass, margaret, chrysanthemum, carnation, bulbs such as lily, tulip, cyclamen, roses, bamboo, sasa, hydrangea, etc., greenhouse plants such as saintpaulia, bougainvillea, hibiscus, palm, rubber, omoto etc. Houseplants, orchids such as cattleya, dendrobium, and banda; cacti and succulents such as crab cactus, euphorbia, and aloe;
Aquatic plants such as water lily, lotus and oyster, aoki,
Variegated plants such as manli, camellia, calendula,
Fertilizing vines such as clematis and passiflora, palm plants such as kannonchik, shrchik and phoenix, other alpine plants, wild plants, herbs and seagrass, etc. Instability such as prolonged, increased crop disease resistance, increased fruit set and fall, improved fruit sugar and taste, improved flower color and luster, increased crop shelf life, and delayed cold damage in cold years It has a remarkable effect on cold district crops with many elements. The crop nutritional supplement consisting of a fermented product containing the nigero-oligosaccharide-containing saccharide of the present invention exerts a clear effect on the plant, such as crop growth, which is directly absorbed and utilized by the crop. The mechanism of action is unknown at this time, whether by improving the physical properties of the soil and promoting the growth of beneficial microorganisms in the soil. Although the crop nutritional supplement according to claim 7 is in a liquid form, it can be made into a powder by a spray drying method. Also, peat, humic acid materials, charcoal, zeolites, vermiculite, perlite, bentonite,
Powders can also be obtained by adsorbing on an adsorbent material such as a polyethyleneimine-based material or a polyvinyl alcohol-based material.

The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to Examples.
The present invention is not limited to such an embodiment, and various modifications can be made within the scope of the invention. [Example 1] Twelve strains of bentgrass were collected from the green of a golf course, and three strains of each of the sections A to D were obtained. For each plant, the leaf (aboveground) is 2 mm and the root (underground) is 1 cm
Cut into cubes of width. This was planted in a cultivation device consisting of a medium of sand green sand (no fertilizer), and a growing condition was observed by irrigating a crop nutritional supplement. Here, the vinegar as a fermented product containing the nigello-oligosaccharide-containing saccharide according to claim A as a component is diluted with water so as to have an acidity of 0.09% and a saccharide concentration of 0.4%. did. Vinegar as a fermented product containing the nigero-oligosaccharide-containing saccharide according to Section B, claim 4 as a component, was diluted with water so as to have an acidity of 0.09% and a saccharide concentration of 0.4% to obtain a crop nutritional supplement. For comparison, commercially available vinegar (rice vinegar) was diluted with water so as to have an acidity of 0.09%, and used as a crop nutritional supplement. For comparison, Section D, whole sugar glucose (manufactured by Gunei Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) was diluted with water to a sugar concentration of 0.4%, and used as a crop nutritional supplement. After 10 days, at the rate of 1000 ml of each crop nutritional supplement per 1 m ^{2 of} bentgrass, 20
After watering three times after the day, the plants were grown at a temperature of 15 to 25 ° C. for 30 days, and the lengths of leaves and roots of bentgrass were measured. Table 1 below shows the results of Examples A to D.

[Table 1] Growth results for bentgrass in A to D sections It can be seen that the growth of bentgrass is promoted in the section A and the section B, which are the crop nutritional supplements according to the present invention, with respect to the section C and the section D which are the control sections in Table 1 in comparison with the section C and the section D which are the crop nutritional supplements according to the present invention. This indicates that vinegar composed of a fermented product containing a nigerooligosaccharide-containing saccharide has a greater effect on crop nutrition.

The present invention described in detail above is based on the finding that a fermented product containing a nigero-oligosaccharide-containing saccharide as a component exhibits excellent physiological effects such as promotion of crop growth.
The present invention is not only effective for promoting the growth of crops, greening crops and extending the period, but also provides a novel use of vinegar, which is a food, and the present invention has the following effects. According to the first aspect of the present invention, the growth of crops is promoted by using a fermented product containing a nigerooligosaccharide-containing saccharide, the crop is greened and its period is extended, the resistance to crop diseases is improved, and fruit trees are grown. It is possible to provide an effective crop nutritional supplement for increasing and decreasing fruit set, improving sugar content and taste of fruits, improving flower color and skin luster, improving crop longevity, and the like. According to the invention described in claim 2, it is possible to provide a crop cultivation method using a crop nutritional supplement consisting of a fermented product containing a nigerooligosaccharide-containing saccharide as a component. According to the third aspect of the present invention, vinegar as a fermented product containing a nigerooligosaccharide-containing saccharide as a component can be provided as a component of a crop nutritional supplement. According to the invention described in claim 4, vinegar as a fermented product containing a nigerooligosaccharide-containing saccharide as a component can be provided as a component of a crop nutritional supplement. According to the invention described in claim 5, it is possible to provide an action concentration as a crop nutritional supplement that can effectively promote growth of crops. According to the invention described in claim 6,
It is possible to provide an appropriate crop nutritional supplement for spraying leaves, cultivating soil, and cultivating hydroponics. According to the seventh aspect of the present invention, it is possible to provide a crop nutritional supplement which is a liquid or powdery crop nutritional supplement and can be easily applied to crops.

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁶ Identification code FI C05G 5/00 C05G 5/00 A

Claims (7)

[Claims] 1. A crop nutritional supplement comprising a fermented product containing a nigero-oligosaccharide-containing saccharide as a component. 2. A crop cultivation method comprising cultivating a crop using a crop nutritional supplement consisting of a fermented product containing a nigerooligosaccharide-containing saccharide as a component. 3. The crop nutritional supplement according to claim 1, wherein the fermented product containing the nigerooligosaccharide-containing saccharide as a component is vinegar obtained by subjecting a mixture of the nigerooligosaccharide-containing saccharide and brewing alcohol to acetic acid fermentation. Agent. 4. The crop nutritional supplement according to claim 1, wherein the fermented product containing the nigello-oligosaccharide-containing saccharide as a component is vinegar obtained by performing alcohol fermentation and acetic acid fermentation using the nigello-oligosaccharide-containing saccharide. . 5. A concentration at which a crop nutritional supplement consisting of a fermented product containing the above-mentioned nigerooligosaccharide-containing saccharide as a component is 2% or less as the concentration of the nigerooligosaccharide-containing saccharide and 0.5% or less as the acidity in terms of acetic acid. 3. The method for cultivating a crop according to claim 2, wherein 6. The crop nutritional supplement according to claim 1, which is used for foliar application, soil cultivation, and hydroponic cultivation. 7. The crop nutritional supplement according to claim 1, which is in a liquid or powder form.