JPH11179568A - Friction/stirring-joining method - Google Patents
Friction/stirring-joining methodInfo
- Publication number
- JPH11179568A JPH11179568A JP35448797A JP35448797A JPH11179568A JP H11179568 A JPH11179568 A JP H11179568A JP 35448797 A JP35448797 A JP 35448797A JP 35448797 A JP35448797 A JP 35448797A JP H11179568 A JPH11179568 A JP H11179568A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- joined
- friction stir
- stir welding
- joining
- friction
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
- B23K20/122—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding
- B23K20/123—Controlling or monitoring the welding process
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、金属板材もしくは
形材等の摩擦攪拌接合方法に関し、簡易な押さえ治具を
用いるのみで、摩擦攪拌接合時の被接合部材の被接合ラ
インの開きや上面の段差が生じるのが防止でき、接合困
難、接合部品質不良等のトラブルを生じることのない摩
擦攪拌接合方法に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method of friction stir welding of a metal plate or a shaped material, and more particularly, to a method of opening a joint line of a member to be joined and a top surface of the member during friction stir welding only by using a simple holding jig. The present invention relates to a friction stir welding method that can prevent the occurrence of a step, and does not cause troubles such as difficulty in joining and poor quality of a joined portion.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】例えば、特表平７−５０５０９０号公報
や特表平９−５０８０７３号公報に開示され、図１に示
されるように、凹面形底面２ｂと該底面中央部から下方
に突出する攪拌ピン３を備えた回転円筒体２と、動力源
に接続される上部１ｕとを備えた非消耗型のプローブ１
の、前記攪拌ピン３を被接合部材４ａ，４ｂの突合わせ
部の中に押し込み、前記凹面形底面２ｂを被接合部材４
ａ，４ｂの突合わせ部近傍の上面に押しつけながら、前
記非消耗型のプローブ１を回転させつつ被接合ラインに
沿って移動させることにより、前記被接合部材４ａ，４
ｂを相互に接合する摩擦攪拌接合方法は、接合部全体の
断面を通してポロシティ−を生じない均質な接合によ
り、冶金的および機械的特性の両面に関し高品質の接合
が得られる方法として研究開発が進んでいる。2. Description of the Related Art For example, as disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 7-505090 and Japanese Patent Publication No. 9-508073, as shown in FIG. 1, a concave bottom surface 2b and a lower portion protrude downward from the center of the bottom surface. Non-consumable probe 1 having a rotating cylindrical body 2 having a stirring pin 3 and an upper portion 1u connected to a power source.
Then, the stirring pin 3 is pushed into the butted portion of the members 4a and 4b, and the concave bottom surface 2b is
By moving the non-consumable type probe 1 along the line to be joined while rotating the non-consumable probe 1 while pressing against the upper surface in the vicinity of the abutting portion between the members 4a, 4b.
The friction stir welding method of joining b to each other has been researched and developed as a method of obtaining high-quality joining in terms of both metallurgical and mechanical properties by homogeneous joining without porosity throughout the cross section of the entire joint. In.
【０００３】[0003]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかしながら、前記従
来の摩擦攪拌接合方法には、以下に示すような問題があ
った。すなわち、However, the conventional friction stir welding method has the following problems. That is,
【０００４】（１）摩擦攪拌接合中に、両被接合部材間
の押圧不足に起因して、攪拌ピンの押し込みによる被接
合面間の開きが発生し、前記被接合ラインに開きや両被
接合部材の上面間の段差が生じることがある。 ａ）被接合ラインに大きな開きが生じた場合は、両被接
合部材間の良好な接合がが期待できないため、摩擦攪拌
接合が不可能になったり、困難になったりする。 ｂ）被接合ラインに両被接合部材の上面間の段差が生じ
た場合は、両被接合部材の上面に対するプローブの凹面
型底面の均一、かつ、全面の接触が期待できなくなり、
摩擦熱発生の局部的不均一および発生摩擦熱量の不足が
生じ、またバリが多く発生して充填メタルが不足し、ト
ンネル状の接合部欠陥が発生する。段差が大きい場合に
は摩擦攪拌接合が不可能になったり、困難になったりす
る。(1) During friction stir welding, due to insufficient pressing between the members to be joined, an opening between the surfaces to be joined occurs due to the pushing of the stirring pin, and the opening to the line to be joined and the joining between both members occur. There may be a step between the upper surfaces of the members. a) If a large gap occurs in the lines to be joined, good joining between the members to be joined cannot be expected, so that the friction stir welding becomes impossible or difficult. b) If there is a step between the upper surfaces of both members to be bonded in the line to be bonded, uniform and full contact of the concave bottom surface of the probe with the upper surfaces of both members to be bonded cannot be expected,
Local unevenness of frictional heat generation and shortage of generated frictional heat occur, and burrs are generated to cause a shortage of filled metal, resulting in a tunnel-like joint defect. When the step is large, friction stir welding becomes impossible or difficult.
【０００５】（２）上記の様な問題を避けるためには、
上記のような被接合ラインの開きや両被接合部材の上面
間の段差を生じるのを防止するための押さえ治具が必要
となるが、被接合部材の寸法が大きくなるにつれて押さ
え治具のセットや取外しに手間と時間が掛かる。被接合
部材が大型、長尺の場合は専用の大型押さえ装置が必要
となって、設備費が高くなるばかりでなく、被接合部材
を大型押さえ装置にセットしたり、取外したりするの
に、多くの労力や時間が必要となり、作業費も増大す
る。また、前記の押さえ治具や押さえ装置の効果は、通
常の溶融溶接の場合と異なり、高い突合わせ精度を要求
される摩擦攪拌接合の場合は必ずしも十分ではなかっ
た。(2) To avoid the above problems,
A holding jig for preventing the opening of the line to be joined and a step between the upper surfaces of the members to be joined as described above is required, but as the size of the members to be joined increases, the setting of the holding jig is required. And removal takes time and effort. If the member to be joined is large or long, a special large holding device is required, which not only increases the equipment cost, but also requires a large amount of time to set and remove the member to be joined to and from the large holding device. Labor and time are required, and the work cost also increases. In addition, the effect of the above-mentioned holding jig and holding device is not always sufficient in the case of friction stir welding that requires high butting accuracy, unlike the case of ordinary fusion welding.
【０００６】本発明は、上記従来技術の有する問題点を
解消し、小型の簡易な押さえ治具を使用するのみで、摩
擦攪拌接合にて本接合を行うに際し、接合ラインの開き
や両被接合部材の上面間の段差の発生がなく、良好な接
合部品質が得られ、かつ作業能率の高い摩擦攪拌接合方
法の提供を課題とする。[0006] The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, and uses only a small and simple holding jig to open a welding line or to form a double-joined joint when performing the actual joining by friction stir welding. It is an object of the present invention to provide a friction stir welding method which does not generate a step between the upper surfaces of the members, obtains a good joint quality, and has a high work efficiency.
【０００７】[0007]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明は、上記課題を解
決するために、凹面形底面と該底面中央部から下方に突
出する攪拌ピンを備えたプローブの、前記攪拌ピンを被
接合部材の突合わせ部の中に押し込み、前記凹面形底面
を被接合部材の上面に押しつけながら、前記プローブを
回転させつつ被接合ラインに沿って移動させることによ
り、前記被接合部材を接合する摩擦攪拌接合方法を、本
摩擦攪拌接合に先立って、前記被接合部材の前記被接合
ラインを仮付けしておくこと、により構成した。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a probe having a concave bottom surface and a stirring pin projecting downward from the center of the bottom surface. A friction stir welding method for joining the members to be joined by pushing the concave bottom surface against the upper surface of the members to be joined while rotating the probe while moving the probe along the line to be joined. Before the actual friction stir welding, the joining line of the joining member was temporarily attached.
【０００８】なお、前記被接合部材の前記被接合ライン
の仮付けの方法は、溶融溶接もしくは摩擦攪拌接合であ
ることが好ましい。It is preferable that the method of temporarily attaching the joined lines of the joined members is fusion welding or friction stir welding.
【０００９】さらに、仮付け部の幅が前記本摩擦攪拌接
合に使用される前記プローブの凹面形底面の直径の２６
〜９０％となるように、かつ、仮付け部の個々の長さが
前記本摩擦攪拌接合に使用される前記プローブの凹面形
底面の直径の２〜５倍となるように、前記被接合部材の
前記被接合ラインの仮付けを行うことが望ましい。Further, the width of the tacking portion is 26 times the diameter of the concave bottom surface of the probe used in the main friction stir welding.
The member to be joined is set so as to be 90% and the individual length of the tacking portion is 2 to 5 times the diameter of the concave bottom surface of the probe used in the main friction stir welding. It is desirable to perform the temporary attachment of the line to be joined.
【００１０】さらに、前記被接合部材の前記被接合ライ
ンの仮付けを、少なくとも前記本摩擦攪拌接合の始端お
よび終端の各々から２００ｍｍまでの距離の位置が仮付
け部に含まれるように行うことが望ましい。[0010] Furthermore, the temporary joining of the joined lines of the joined members is performed so that at least a position up to 200 mm from each of the starting end and the end of the main friction stir welding is included in the temporary attaching portion. desirable.
【００１１】以上のような摩擦攪拌接合方法は、アルミ
ニウムまたはアルミニウム合金製の被接合部材の接合に
好適である。The above-described friction stir welding method is suitable for joining aluminum or aluminum alloy members to be joined.
【００１２】[0012]
【発明の実施の形態】本発明の実施の形態を添付の図面
（前記図１および下記図２）と具体的な実施例を用いて
以下に説明する。なお、図２は本発明の用語の説明のた
めに、被接合部材４ａ，４ｂの被接合ライン５に沿って
仮付けを行った場合の、仮付け部６の寸法（幅Ｗ、長さ
Ｌ）と仮付け部の中心間隔Ｄ、被接合部材４ａ，４ｂの
一端（本摩擦攪拌接合の始端または終端）から最も近い
仮付け部の外側端までの距離Ｄ 1 等を示す平面図であ
る。BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG.
(FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 described below) and a specific example
This will be described below. FIG. 2 illustrates the terms used in the present invention.
For example, along the joined line 5 of the joined members 4a, 4b
The dimensions (width W, length
L) and the center distance D of the temporary attachment portion,
Closest from one end (start or end of this friction stir welding)
Distance D to the outer edge of the tack 1FIG.
You.
【００１３】なお、以下の実施例においては、下記のよ
うな共通の条件のもとに、実験をおこなった。すなわ
ち、被接合部材として用いた供試材は、ＪＩＳ：Ｈ−４
１００に定めるアルミニウム合金押出形材「６Ｎ０１−
Ｔ５」の断面方形の中空押出形材であり、板厚４ｍｍ、
幅５００ｍｍ、長さ２０００ｍｍのものをリブの外面同
士をＩ形に突き合わせ・接触させて長手方向に摩擦攪拌
接合したものである。また、本摩擦攪拌接合に用いた本
接合用プロ−ブは、図１に示す凹面形底面２ｂの直径Ｄ
PBが１５ｍｍ、攪拌ピン３の直径ｄP が５ｍｍのもので
ある。さらに、仮付け方法としては溶融溶接としてのＴ
ＩＧ溶接、ＭＩＧ溶接と、摩擦攪拌接合（ＦＳＷ＝Fric
tion stir welding 、以後ＦＳＷと略称することがあ
る）の３種の方法を用いた。In the following examples, experiments were conducted under the following common conditions. That is, the test material used as the member to be joined is JIS: H-4.
Extruded aluminum alloy material “6N01-
T5 "is a hollow extruded profile having a rectangular cross section, a thickness of 4 mm,
A rib having a width of 500 mm and a length of 2,000 mm is joined by friction stir welding in the longitudinal direction with the outer surfaces of the ribs abutting and contacting each other in an I shape. The probe for the final welding used in the final friction stir welding has a diameter D of the concave bottom surface 2b shown in FIG.
PB is of 15 mm, the diameter d P of the stirring pin 3 is 5 mm. Further, as a tacking method, T
IG welding, MIG welding and friction stir welding (FSW = Fric
(short stir welding, hereinafter sometimes abbreviated as FSW).
【００１４】また、以下の実施例のなかで、実施例１〜
実施例３は、被接合ラインの本摩擦攪拌接合の始端およ
び終端の各々から２００ｍｍまでの距離の位置が仮付け
部に含まれるように仮付けを行ったが、実施例４におい
ては、被接合ラインの本摩擦攪拌接合の始端および終端
の各々から最も近い仮付け部の外側端までの距離を種々
変えて仮付けを行った。Further, among the following examples, Examples 1 to
In the third embodiment, the temporary attachment is performed such that the position of a distance of 200 mm from each of the starting end and the end of the friction stir welding of the line to be joined is included in the temporary attaching portion. The tacking was performed by changing various distances from the start and end of the main friction stir welding of the line to the outer end of the closest tacked portion.
【００１５】１．実施例１ 上記の共通条件で、仮付け部の長さＬ＝５０ｍｍ、仮付
け部の中心間隔Ｄ＝２００ｍｍに統一し、仮付け部の幅
Ｗが本摩擦攪拌接合（以後、「本接合」と略称すること
がある）の接合部の品質に及ぼす影響を見るための実験
を行い、その実験結果を表１に示した。なお、仮付けを
摩擦攪拌接合で行った場合のプロ−ブは、図１に示す凹
面形底面２ｂの直径ＤPBが２０〜３ｍｍ、攪拌ピン３の
直径ｄPが１．５ｍｍのものを使用した。1. Example 1 Under the above-mentioned common conditions, the length L of the tacked portion was unified to 50 mm and the center interval D of the tacked portion was unified to 200 mm, and the width W of the tacked portion was changed to the final friction stir welding (hereinafter referred to as “full joining”). (Sometimes abbreviated as “abbreviated”) on the quality of the joints, and the results of the experiments are shown in Table 1. Incidentally, professional case of performing tack friction stir welding - Bed may use a diameter D PB of concave bottom 2b shown in FIG. 1 is 20～3Mm, the diameter d P of the stirring pin 3 is 1.5mm did.
【００１６】[0016]
【表１】 [Table 1]
【００１７】上記表１に示す実験結果について説明すれ
ば、以下のとおりである。 １）仮付けをＴＩＧ溶接で行った場合、仮付け部の幅Ｗ
が２０ｍｍ、１５ｍｍでは、ＦＳＷによる本接合時にバ
リが多く発生し、また仮付け部の幅Ｗが本接合用プロー
ブの凹面型底面２ｂの直径ＤPB＝１５ｍｍよりも広いた
め、接合部の幅方向外側に仮付け部が残ってしまった。
仮付け部の幅Ｗが３ｍｍでは、仮付け強度の不足のため
か本接合中に仮付け部が割れてしまい、被接合ライン５
の開きおよび段差が発生してしまった。仮付け部の幅Ｗ
が１１ｍｍ、４ｍｍの場合は本接合の際に何ら問題を生
じることがなく、本接合後良好な接合部品質が得られて
いる。 ２）仮付けをＭＩＧ溶接で行った場合も、前記ＴＩＧ溶
接で行った場合と同様に、仮付け部の幅Ｗが１０ｍｍ、
５ｍｍの場合は本接合時の問題はなく、接合部品質は良
好であったが、仮付け部の幅Ｗが２０ｍｍと３ｍｍの場
合は、前記ＴＩＧ溶接の場合と全く同じ問題を生じた。 ３）ＦＳＷで仮付けを行った場合も、仮付け部の幅Ｗが
１４ｍｍ、１０ｍｍでは問題がなく良好な接合部が得ら
れたが、２０ｍｍ、３ｍｍの場合は、それぞれ上記と同
じような理由と内容で接合部に問題を生じた。 ４）以上の結果から、仮付け方法の種類に関係なく、仮
付け部の幅Ｗが４〜１４ｍｍの間では、すなわち、仮付
け部の幅Ｗの本接合用プローブの凹面形底面２ｂの直径
ＤPB＝１５ｍｍにたいする比率が２６〜９０％の間では
良好な本接合が可能であるといえる。The experimental results shown in Table 1 will be described below. 1) When the tacking is performed by TIG welding, the width W of the tacked portion
20 mm and 15 mm, a lot of burrs are generated at the time of the actual joining by the FSW, and the width W of the temporary attachment portion is wider than the diameter D PB = 15 mm of the concave bottom surface 2 b of the actual joining probe. The tacking part has left outside.
If the width W of the tacked portion is 3 mm, the tacked portion may be broken during the main joining, possibly due to insufficient tacking strength, and the line 5 to be joined may be broken.
Opening and steps have occurred. Temporary width W
Is 11 mm and 4 mm, there is no problem at the time of the main joining, and good joint quality is obtained after the main joining. 2) When the tacking is performed by MIG welding, the width W of the tacked portion is 10 mm, as in the case of performing the TIG welding.
In the case of 5 mm, there was no problem at the time of the final joining, and the quality of the joint was good. However, when the width W of the tacked portion was 20 mm and 3 mm, the same problem as in the case of the TIG welding occurred. 3) Also in the case where the temporary attachment was performed by the FSW, a good joint portion was obtained without any problem when the width W of the temporary attachment portion was 14 mm and 10 mm. However, when the width W was 20 mm and 3 mm, the same reason as described above was obtained. And the content caused a problem with the joint. 4) From the above results, regardless of the type of the tacking method, when the width W of the tacked portion is between 4 and 14 mm, that is, the diameter of the concave bottom surface 2b of the main joining probe having the width W of the tacked portion. When the ratio with respect to D PB = 15 mm is 26 to 90%, it can be said that good permanent bonding is possible.
【００１８】２．実施例２ 前記の共通条件で、仮付け部の幅Ｗ＝１０ｍｍ、仮付け
部の中心間隔Ｄ＝２００ｍｍに統一し、仮付け部の長さ
Ｌが本摩擦攪拌接合部の品質に及ぼす影響を見るための
実験を行い、その実験結果を表２に示した。なお、仮付
けを摩擦攪拌接合で行った場合のプロ−ブは、図１に示
す凹面形底面２ｂの直径ＤPBが１０ｍｍ、攪拌ピン３の
直径ｄP が１．５ｍｍのものを使用した。2. Example 2 Under the above-mentioned common conditions, the width W of the tacked portion was unified to 10 mm, the center interval D of the tacked portion was unified to 200 mm, and the effect of the length L of the tacked portion on the quality of the friction stir welded portion was determined. An experiment for viewing was performed, and the experimental results are shown in Table 2. Incidentally, professional case of performing tack friction stir welding - Bed, the diameter D PB of concave bottom 2b shown in FIG. 1 is 10 mm, the diameter d P of the stirring pin 3 were from 1.5 mm.
【００１９】[0019]
【表２】 [Table 2]
【００２０】上記表２に示す実験結果について説明すれ
ば、以下のとおりである。 １）仮付けをＴＩＧ溶接で行った場合、仮付け部の長さ
Ｌが２０ｍｍでは、ＦＳＷによる本接合中に仮付け部が
割れ、段差等が発生した。このためバリが多発し、該バ
リの多発に起因する充填メタル不足により接合部にトン
ネル状欠陥が発生した。しかし、仮付け部の長さＬが４
０〜８０ｍｍの間では良好な接合部が得られた。 ２）仮付け方法がＭＩＧ溶接およびＦＳＷの場合も同様
に、仮付け部の長さＬが２０ｍｍでは、上記と同様の欠
陥が発生したが、仮付け部の長さＬが３０〜５０ｍｍの
間では問題がなかった。 ３）以上から、仮付け方法の種類に関係なく、仮付け部
の長さＬが３０ｍｍ以上であれば、すなわち、仮付け部
の長さＬの本接合用プローブの凹面形底面２ｂの直径Ｄ
PB＝１５ｍｍにたいする比率が２倍以上であれば、良好
な本接合が可能であるといえる。ただし、仮付け部の長
さＬが必要以上に長くても無意味かつ無駄であるので、
仮付け部の長さＬは本接合用プローブの凹面形底面２ｂ
の直径ＤPBの２〜５倍とすることが適切であると考えら
れる。The results of the experiment shown in Table 2 will be described below. 1) When the tacking was performed by TIG welding, when the length L of the tacked portion was 20 mm, the tacked portion was broken during the actual joining by the FSW, and a step was generated. As a result, burrs frequently occurred, and a tunnel-like defect was generated at the junction due to insufficient filling metal caused by the frequent occurrence of burrs. However, the length L of the tacked portion is 4
Good joints were obtained between 0 and 80 mm. 2) Similarly, when the tacking method is MIG welding or FSW, when the length L of the tacked portion is 20 mm, the same defect occurs as described above, but the length L of the tacked portion is between 30 and 50 mm. Then there was no problem. 3) From the above, regardless of the type of the tacking method, if the length L of the tacked portion is 30 mm or more, that is, the diameter D of the concave bottom surface 2b of the main joining probe having the length L of the tacked portion.
If the ratio with respect to PB = 15 mm is twice or more, it can be said that good permanent bonding is possible. However, even if the length L of the tacking portion is longer than necessary, it is meaningless and useless.
The length L of the temporary attachment portion is the concave bottom surface 2b of the final joining probe.
It is considered appropriate to set the diameter D PB to 2 to 5 times.
【００２１】３．実施例３ 前記の共通条件で、仮付け部の幅Ｗを前記実施例１で良
好な結果の得られた１０〜１４ｍｍとし、仮付け部の長
さＬ＝２０〜４０ｍｍ、仮付け部の中心間隔Ｄ＝２００
〜１９７０ｍｍとして実験を行い、仮付け部の中心間隔
Ｄが本摩擦攪拌接合部の品質に及ぼす影響を見るための
実験を行い、その実験結果を表３に示した。なお、仮付
けを摩擦攪拌接合で行った場合のプロ−ブは、図１に示
す凹面形底面２ｂの直径ＤPBが１０ｍｍおよび１４ｍ
ｍ、攪拌ピン３の直径ｄP が１．５ｍｍおよび５ｍｍの
ものを使用した。3. Example 3 Under the above-mentioned common conditions, the width W of the temporary attachment portion was set to 10 to 14 mm, which was a good result obtained in the first embodiment, the length L of the temporary attachment portion was 20 to 40 mm, and the center of the temporary attachment portion was set. Interval D = 200
An experiment was performed with the distance being set to ７０1970 mm, and an experiment was performed to see the effect of the center distance D of the tacked portion on the quality of the friction stir welded joint. The experimental results are shown in Table 3. Incidentally, in the case of performing tack friction stir welding pro - Bed has a diameter D PB is 10mm and 14m of concave bottom 2b shown in FIG. 1
m, the diameter d P of the stirring pin 3 were from 1.5mm and 5 mm.
【００２２】[0022]
【表３】 [Table 3]
【００２３】上記表３に示す実験結果について説明すれ
ば、以下のとおりである。すなわち、接合部品質不良が
発生しているのは、実施例２で仮付け部割れ発生のため
に接合部品質不良となった仮付け部の長さＬ＝２０ｍ
ｍ、すなわち仮付け部の長さＬが本接合用プローブの凹
面形底面の直径ＤPBの２倍未満の場合だけである。従っ
て、仮付け部の幅Ｗが適切な範囲、すなわち本接合用プ
ローブの凹面形底面の直径ＤPB＝１５ｍｍに対する比率
が２６〜９０％の間にあり、かつ、仮付け部の長さＬが
適切な範囲、すなわち本接合用プローブの凹面形底面の
直径Ｄ PB＝１５ｍｍに対する比率が２〜５倍の間にあれ
ば、仮付け部中心間隔Ｄに関係なく、本摩擦攪拌接合部
の品質は良好であり、従って、仮付け部中心間隔Ｄは本
摩擦攪拌接合部の品質に影響を及ぼさないと考えられ
る。The experimental results shown in Table 3 above will be described.
It is as follows. In other words, poor joint quality
The occurrence is due to the occurrence of a crack in the tacked portion in Example 2.
The length L of the tacked part where the joint quality was poor was L = 20m
m, that is, the length L of the temporary attachment portion is concave
Diameter D of surface bottomPBOnly when it is less than twice. Follow
Therefore, the width W of the temporary attachment portion is in an appropriate range,
Diameter D of concave bottom of lobePB= Ratio to 15mm
Is between 26% and 90%, and the length L of the tacked portion is
Appropriate range, that is, the concave bottom
Diameter D PB= The ratio to 15mm is between 2 and 5 times
For example, regardless of the center distance D of the tacking part,
Is good, therefore, the center space D of the tacked portion is
Not expected to affect the quality of friction stir welds
You.
【００２４】４．実施例４ 前記の共通の実験条件で、仮付け部の幅Ｗは前記実施例
１で良好の結果の得られた１０ｍｍと１４ｍｍ、仮付け
部の長さＬは２０ｍｍと４０ｍｍ、仮付け部の中心間隔
Ｄは２００ｍｍの一定とし、本摩擦攪拌接合の始端およ
び終端からそれぞれ最も近い仮付け部の外側端までの距
離Ｄ1 を１００〜６００ｍｍの間で変化させて、該距離
Ｄ1 の本摩擦攪拌接合部の品質に及ぼす影響を見るため
の実験を行い、その実験結果を表４に示した。4. Example 4 Under the above-mentioned common experimental conditions, the width W of the tacked portion was 10 mm and 14 mm, which were good results in Example 1, the length L of the tacked portion was 20 mm and 40 mm, center distance D is set to a constant 200 mm, and the distance D 1 of the the start and end of the friction stir welding to the outer edge of the tack portion closest respectively varied between 100～600Mm, the friction of the distance D 1 An experiment was conducted to see the effect on the quality of the stir joint, and the experimental results are shown in Table 4.
【００２５】[0025]
【表４】 [Table 4]
【００２６】上記表４に示す実験結果について説明すれ
ば、以下のとおりである。 １）仮付けをＴＩＧ溶接で行った場合、仮付け部の長さ
Ｌが前記実施例２で良好な結果の得られた４０ｍｍの場
合は、中空押出形材の本摩擦攪拌接合の始端または終端
の各々からそれぞれ最も近い仮付け部の外側端までの距
離Ｄ1 が２００ｍｍ以下の場合は、良好な接合部の品質
が得られた。しかし、前記の距離Ｄ1 が３００ｍｍ以上
になると接合部の品質が良くない。 ２）仮付けをＭＩＧ溶接で行った場合、仮付け部の長さ
Ｌが前記実施例２で良好な結果の得られた４０ｍｍの場
合は、前記の距離Ｄ1 が２００ｍｍ以下の場合は、良好
な接合部が得られたが、仮付け部の長さが２０ｍｍの場
合または前記の距離Ｄ1 が３００ｍｍ以上の場合は、接
合部の品質が良くない。 ３）仮付けをＦＳＷで行った場合、仮付け部の幅Ｗが１
０ｍｍの場合も１４ｍｍの場合も、前記の距離Ｄ1 が２
００ｍｍ以下の場合は良好な接合部が得られたが、前記
の距離Ｄ1 が３００ｍｍ以上になると接合部の品質が良
くなかった。 ４）以上から、仮付け部の幅Ｗと仮付け部の長さＬが、
それぞれ、前記実施例１と実施例２のそれぞれで得られ
た適切な範囲にあるかぎり、被接合部材の本摩擦攪拌接
合の始端または終端の各々からそれぞれ最も近い仮付け
部の外側端までの距離Ｄ1 が２００ｍｍ以下とすること
が適切であるといえる。The experimental results shown in Table 4 are described below. 1) When the tacking is performed by TIG welding, and when the length L of the tacked portion is 40 mm, which is a good result obtained in Example 2, the starting end or the end of the actual friction stir welding of the hollow extruded shape material. If the distance D 1 is less than 200mm from each to an outer end of the tack portion closest respectively, the quality of a good joint was obtained. However, the distance D 1 is poor quality of the joint portion becomes higher 300 mm. 2) When the tacking is performed by MIG welding, when the length L of the tacked portion is 40 mm, which is a good result obtained in Example 2, when the distance D 1 is 200 mm or less, the length is good. Although Do joint is obtained, the length of the tack portion if the distance D 1 of the case or said 20mm is more than 300 mm, not good quality of the joint. 3) When the tacking is performed by the FSW, the width W of the tacking portion is 1
In both cases of 0 mm and 14 mm, the distance D 1 is 2
For 00mm or less was good joints are obtained, the distance D 1 was not good quality of the joint portion becomes higher 300 mm. 4) From the above, the width W of the temporary attachment portion and the length L of the temporary attachment portion are:
The distance from each of the starting end or the end of the main friction stir welding of the member to be welded to the outer end of the nearest tacked portion, as long as the appropriate range is obtained in each of the first and second embodiments. D 1 can be said that it is appropriate to less 200 mm.
【００２７】以上の実施例では、アルミニウム合金押出
形材を供試材として使用し、Ｉ形突合わせ接合を行った
例について述べたが、本発明の摩擦攪拌接合方法は、ア
ルミニウムおよびアルミニウム合金の押出形材のＩ形突
合わせ接合への適用に限られるものではない。例えば、
チタニウムやチタニウム合金等の難溶融溶接材料で摩擦
攪拌接合の適用の効果の大きい金属材料への適用、ある
いは、板材のＩ形突合わせ継ぎ手（接合）や角継ぎ手
（接合）等にも適用可能である。In the above embodiment, an example was described in which an aluminum alloy extruded profile was used as a test material and I-shaped butt welding was performed. However, the friction stir welding method of the present invention uses aluminum and aluminum alloy. It is not limited to the application of the extruded profile to the I-shaped butt joint. For example,
It can be applied to difficult-to-melt welding materials such as titanium and titanium alloys, which are highly effective in applying friction stir welding, or to I-shaped butt joints (joining) and square joints (joining) of plate materials. is there.
【００２８】[0028]
【発明の効果】本発明に係る摩擦攪拌接合方法によれ
ば、以下のような優れた効果を奏する。すなわち、本摩
擦攪拌接合に先立って、被接合部材の被接合ラインを、
ＭＩＧ溶接やＴＩＧ溶接等の溶融溶接もしくは摩擦攪拌
接合（ＦＳＷ）により仮付けしておき、該仮付け部の幅
Ｗと長さＬを、それぞれ、本接合工程の摩擦攪拌接合に
用いられるプローブの凹面形底面の直径ＤPBに対して、
２６〜９０％と２〜５倍になるようにすれば、 （１）本摩擦攪拌接合に際して、被接合部材への攪拌ピ
ンの押し込みに起因する前記被接合ラインの開きや両被
接合部材上面間の段差の発生等を防止するために、大型
かつ専用の高価な押さえ装置を必要とすることなく、簡
易な最小限の大きさの押さえ治具を用いるのみでよく、
押さえ装置への被接合部材のセットや取外し等に多大な
労力と時間を要することがなくなる。 （２）本摩擦攪拌接合中の前記被接合ラインの開き、段
差の発生や仮付け部割れを確実に防止できるので、これ
らに起因して摩擦攪拌接合が不可能になったり、困難に
なったりすることを避けられるばかりでなく、バリの多
発とそれに起因する充填メタル不足によるトンネル状欠
陥、表面への仮付け部残り等の欠陥を発生させることな
く、良好な接合部品質を得ることが可能となる。さら
に、前記の条件を守りつつ、本接合工程の摩擦攪拌接合
の始端と終端の各々から２００ｍｍまでの位置が仮付け
部に含まれるように仮付けを行えば、摩擦攪拌接合によ
る本接合工程の始端部と終端部の接合品質も良好に保た
れ、上記のような効果がより大きなものになる。According to the friction stir welding method of the present invention, the following excellent effects can be obtained. That is, prior to this friction stir welding, the line to be joined of the members to be joined is
Temporarily attached by fusion welding such as MIG welding or TIG welding or friction stir welding (FSW), and the width W and length L of the temporarily attached portion are respectively set to the values of the probe used for friction stir welding in the main joining process. For the diameter D PB of the concave bottom surface,
If the friction stir welding is performed, the opening of the line to be welded due to the pushing of the stirring pin into the member to be welded or the upper surface of both members to be welded during the friction stir welding. In order to prevent the occurrence of a step, etc., it is only necessary to use a simple minimum holding jig without requiring a large and dedicated expensive holding device,
A large amount of labor and time are not required for setting and removing the members to be joined to and from the holding device. (2) Since the line to be welded during the friction stir welding can be reliably prevented from being opened, a step is generated, and a crack at a tacked portion, friction stir welding becomes impossible or difficult due to these. In addition to avoiding defects, it is possible to obtain good joint quality without generating defects such as burrs and tunnel-like defects due to insufficient filling metal, and temporary residue on the surface Becomes Furthermore, if the temporary joining is performed so that the position up to 200 mm from each of the starting end and the end of the friction stir welding of the main joining process is included in the temporary joining portion while observing the above conditions, the friction joining of the main joining process by the friction stir welding can be performed. The joining quality between the start and end portions is also kept good, and the above-described effects are further enhanced.
【図１】 本発明の摩擦攪拌接合方法に用いられる非
消耗型のプローブの構成と被接合部材との関係の例を示
す図である。FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of a relationship between a configuration of a non-consumable probe used in a friction stir welding method of the present invention and a member to be welded.
【図２】 本発明における仮付け部の寸法および位置
関係の定義を示す平面図である。FIG. 2 is a plan view showing definitions of dimensions and a positional relationship of a temporary attachment portion according to the present invention.
１ プローブ ２ 回転円筒体 ２ｂ 凹面形底面 ３ 攪拌ピン ４ａ 被接合部材 ４ｂ 被接合部材 ５ 被接合ライン ５ｓ 被接合面 ６ 仮付け部 ７ 外側端 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Probe 2 Rotating cylindrical body 2b Concave bottom surface 3 Stirring pin 4a Member to be joined 4b Member to be joined 5 Line to be joined 5s Surface to be joined 6 Temporary attachment part 7 Outer end
Claims (5)
突出する攪拌ピンを備えたプローブの、前記攪拌ピンを
被接合部材の突合わせ部の中に押し込み、前記凹面形底
面を被接合部材の上面に押しつけながら、前記プローブ
を回転させつつ被接合ラインに沿って移動させることに
より、前記被接合部材を接合する摩擦攪拌接合方法にお
いて、 本摩擦攪拌接合に先立って、前記被接合部材の前記被接
合ラインを仮付けしておくことを特徴とする摩擦攪拌接
合方法。1. A probe having a concave bottom surface and a stirring pin protruding downward from a center of the bottom surface, the stirring pin is pushed into a butting portion of a member to be joined, and the concave bottom surface is joined to the member to be joined. In the friction stir welding method for joining the members to be joined by rotating the probe while moving the probe along the line to be joined while pressing the upper surface of the member, prior to the present friction stir welding, A friction stir welding method comprising temporarily attaching a line to be welded.
仮付けの方法が、溶融溶接もしくは摩擦攪拌接合である
ことを特徴とする請求項１に記載の摩擦攪拌接合方法。2. The friction stir welding method according to claim 1, wherein the method of temporarily attaching the joined lines of the members to be joined is fusion welding or friction stir welding.
使用される前記プローブの凹面形底面の直径の２６〜９
０％となるように、かつ、仮付け部の個々の長さが前記
本摩擦攪拌接合に使用される前記プローブの凹面形底面
の直径の２〜５倍となるように、前記被接合部材の前記
被接合ラインの仮付けを行うことを特徴とする請求項１
または請求項２に記載の摩擦攪拌接合方法。3. The width of the temporary attachment portion is 26 to 9 of the diameter of the concave bottom surface of the probe used in the main friction stir welding.
0% and the length of each of the temporary attachment portions is 2 to 5 times the diameter of the concave bottom surface of the probe used in the main friction stir welding. 2. The temporary joining of the line to be joined is performed.
Or the friction stir welding method according to claim 2.
仮付けを、少なくとも前記本摩擦攪拌接合の始端および
終端の各々から２００ｍｍまでの距離の位置が仮付け部
に含まれるように行うことを特徴とする請求項１〜請求
項３のいずれか１項に記載の摩擦攪拌接合方法。4. The temporary joining of the joined line of the joined members is performed so that at least a position at a distance of up to 200 mm from each of the starting end and the end of the main friction stir welding is included in the tacked portion. The friction stir welding method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that:
はアルミニウム合金製のものであることを特徴とする請
求項１〜請求項４のいずれか１項に記載の摩擦攪拌接合
方法。5. The friction stir welding method according to claim 1, wherein the member to be welded is made of aluminum or an aluminum alloy.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP35448797A JP3296417B2 (en) | 1997-12-24 | 1997-12-24 | Friction stir welding method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP35448797A JP3296417B2 (en) | 1997-12-24 | 1997-12-24 | Friction stir welding method |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH11179568A true JPH11179568A (en) | 1999-07-06 |
| JP3296417B2 JP3296417B2 (en) | 2002-07-02 |
Family
ID=18437906
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP35448797A Expired - Lifetime JP3296417B2 (en) | 1997-12-24 | 1997-12-24 | Friction stir welding method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3296417B2 (en) |
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| EP1808258A3 (en) * | 2001-01-17 | 2008-03-05 | Hitachi, Ltd. | Friction stir welding method, and method for manufacturing car body |
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| US8479971B2 (en) | 2006-10-02 | 2013-07-09 | Nippon Light Metal Company, Ltd. | Joining method and friction stir welding method |
| TWI449585B (en) * | 2006-10-02 | 2014-08-21 | Nippon Light Metal Co | Bonding method |
| JP2013082010A (en) * | 2008-02-18 | 2013-05-09 | Nippon Light Metal Co Ltd | Joining method |
| JP2012071352A (en) * | 2011-11-07 | 2012-04-12 | Nippon Light Metal Co Ltd | Joining method |
| JP2012071353A (en) * | 2011-11-07 | 2012-04-12 | Nippon Light Metal Co Ltd | Joining method |
| CN108296628A (en) * | 2018-05-02 | 2018-07-20 | 吉林大学 | A kind of agitating friction preparation large scale function-graded material method |
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