JPH11151602A - Throwaway tip, machining method and device therefor - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To restrain the occurrence of chipping even when making use with the wear resistance maintained and without the machining speed lowered. SOLUTION: In a throwaway tip 2, at least one coat of film having a composition of (Ti(1-x) Alx ), (Ny C(1-y) ) [where 0.2<=x<=0.9, 0.5<=y<=1.0] is applied substantially to high speed tool steel. In addition, in a cutting method of doing cutting work by dry-cutting, the cutting is carried out with the tip 2 used and without coolant used. In this case, even if the tip 2 is used with the wear resistance maintained and without the cutting speed lowered, the occurrence of chipping can be restrained, while the drop in the productivity can be prevented, thereby removing the obstruction to reduction on the number of workers or to unmanning in the work lines.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a throw-away insert mounted as a cutting blade such as a milling cutter or a cutting tool, a cutting or turning method using a tool using the throw-away insert, and a tool using the throw-away insert. Cutting or turning apparatus.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A milling machine used for milling with a milling machine or the like and a cutting tool used for turning with a lathe or the like are widely used in which a throw-away tip is attached to a steel body or holder as a cutting blade. .
Conventionally used indexable inserts are mainly made of carbide and have abrasion resistance improved by coating ceramics such as Ti, TiAlN, Al ₂ O _{3 on} the surface of the carbide several μm. I have.

[0003]

Conventional indexable inserts made of carbide or carbide and coated with ceramics have high abrasion resistance but low toughness and are liable to chip, so that chipping may occur. there were.
Since chipping occurs suddenly, it must be monitored by an operator, which hinders labor saving and unmanned processing lines.

The problem of chipping is solved by using a high-speed tool steel having higher toughness than a carbide as a throw-away tip instead of a carbide. However, high-speed tool steel has significantly reduced wear resistance compared to carbide, and cannot be used unless cutting (turning) conditions are reduced. In other words, it cannot be used unless the processing speed is reduced from 1/3 to 1/6, and the productivity is greatly reduced.

[0005] The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a throw-away insert, a processing method, and a processing apparatus that do not reduce productivity even when high-speed tool steel is used.

[0006]

The structure of the indexable insert according to the present invention for achieving the above object is as follows: (Ti _(1-x) Al _x ) (N _y C _(1-y) ) wherein at least one film having a composition of 0.2 ≦ x ≦ 0.9 0.5 ≦ y ≦ 1.0 is coated.

[0007] In addition, (Ti _(1-x) Al _x ) _(1-w) (N _y C _(1-y) ) _w in the high-speed tool steel, where 0.2 ≦ x ≦ 0.9 0.5 ≦ It is characterized in that at least one film having a composition of y ≦ 1.0 0.45 ≦ w ≦ 0.55 is coated.

In the high-speed tool steel, the nitride forming element is set to M, and (Ti _z Al _x M _(1-zx) ) _(1-w) (N _y C _(1-y) ) _w However, it is characterized in that at least one film having a composition of 0.2 ≦ x ≦ 0.9 0.5 ≦ y ≦ 1.0 0.1 ≦ z ≦ 0.8 0.7 ≦ (z + x) <1.0 0.45 ≦ w ≦ 0.55 is coated.

In order to achieve the above object, a machining method of the present invention is characterized in that cutting is performed by dry cutting using a tool using the above-mentioned indexable insert and using no cutting oil. . And the cutting speed
It is characterized by being 500 m / min or less.

[0010] The present invention is also characterized in that turning is performed by dry cutting using a tool using the above-mentioned insert away insert and using no turning oil. The turning speed is 350 m / min or less.

In order to achieve the above object, the processing apparatus according to the present invention is characterized in that high-speed tool steel is substantially composed of (Ti _(1-x) Al _x ) (N _y C _(1-y) ) ≦ x ≦ 0.9 0.5 ≦ y ≦ 1.0 A tool using a throw-away tip coated with at least one layer of a film having a composition of 0.5 ≦ y ≦ 1.0 is attached to a tool spindle which is arbitrarily moved relative to a workpiece and driven and rotated. And

[0012] In addition, in the high-speed tool steel, (Ti _(1-x) Al _x ) _(1-w) (N _y C _(1-y) ) _w where 0.2 ≦ x ≦ 0.9 0.5 ≦ A tool using a throw-away tip coated with at least one layer of a film having a composition of y ≦ 1.0 0.45 ≦ w ≦ 0.55 is attached to a tool spindle which is arbitrarily moved relative to a workpiece and driven and rotated. I do.

In the high-speed tool steel, the nitride-forming element is set to M, and (Ti _z Al _x M _(1-zx) ) _(1-w) (N _y C _(1-y) ) _w However, a tool using a throw-away tip coated with at least one layer of a film having the composition of 0.2 ≦ x ≦ 0.9 0.5 ≦ y ≦ 1.0 0.1 ≦ z ≦ 0.8 0.7 ≦ (z + x) <1.0 0.45 ≦ w ≦ 0.55 is applied to the workpiece. It is characterized in that it is attached to a tool spindle which is relatively arbitrarily movable and is driven and rotated.

Further, the processing apparatus of the present invention for achieving the above object is characterized in that high-speed tool steel is substantially (Ti _(1-x) Al _x ) (N _y C _(1-y) ) A tool using a throw-away tip coated with at least one layer of a film having a composition of 0.2 ≦ x ≦ 0.9 0.5 ≦ y ≦ 1.0 is moved toward and away from a rotating work and in a direction along a rotation center axis of the work. The reciprocating tool holder is attached to the tool holder.

In addition, (Ti _(1-x) Al _x ) _(1-w) (N _y C _(1-y) ) _{w is} provided in the high-speed tool steel, where 0.2 ≦ x ≦ 0.9 0.5 ≦ A tool using a throw-away tip coated with at least one film having a composition of y ≦ 1.0 0.45 ≦ w ≦ 0.55 is reciprocated in a direction approaching and moving away from a rotating workpiece and along a rotation axis of the workpiece. It is characterized by being attached to a tool holder.

Further, in the high-speed tool steel, the nitride forming element is set to M, and (Ti _z Al _x M _(1-zx) ) _(1-w) (N _y C _(1-y) ) _w However, a tool using a throw-away tip coated with at least one layer of a film having a composition of 0.2 ≦ x ≦ 0.9 0.5 ≦ y ≦ 1.0 0.1 ≦ z ≦ 0.8 0.7 ≦ (z + x) <1.0 0.45 ≦ w ≦ 0.55 is rotated. It is attached to a tool holder that moves toward and away from the work and reciprocates in a direction along the rotation center axis of the work.

[0017]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A milling and processing apparatus using a throw-away insert according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 1 shows a schematic configuration of a processing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 shows a side view of a milling cutter using a throw-away tip according to an embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 1, in a milling machine 21 as a processing device, a table 22 on which a work is placed is supported by a main body 23 so as to be movable in the left-right direction and the up-down direction. Is provided with a tool spindle 24 that is driven and rotated around a rotation center axis extending in the vertical direction. A milling tool 25 as a tool is provided on the tool spindle 24.
Is installed. The milling cutter 25 moves relative to the workpiece while being driven and rotated by the driving of the tool spindle 24 and the movement of the table 22, and performs a predetermined cutting process on the workpiece.

As shown in FIG. 2, a milling machine 25 supported on a tool spindle 24 of a milling machine 21 has a large number of throw-away chips 2 attached to the outer periphery of a tool body 1, and each of the throw-away chips 2 is a wedge 3 for clamping. And the clamp screw 4 respectively. By tightening the clamp screw 4, the indexable insert 2 is fixed to the tool body 1 via the wedge 3.

As the throw-away tip 2, a throw-away tip 2 made of high-speed tool steel (HiS) coated with TiAl nitride or TiAl carbonitride is used. The nitride of TiAl or the carbonitride of TiAl to be coated on the throw-away tip 2 may be one coated with a single layer or one coated with any material in a multi-layer coating. Since the throw-away tip 2 is made of high-speed steel, it can be inexpensive and cost can be reduced.

The use of high-speed steel as the base material of the throw-away tip 2 prevents occurrence of chipping. High-speed steel is inferior in wear resistance, but by coating with TiAl nitride or TiAl carbonitride, the wear resistance is the same as that of a carbide or super hard and ceramic-coated indexable insert. Property is obtained. In particular, when cutting by dry cutting without applying cutting fluid, when cutting is performed by applying cutting fluid with a conventional carbide or carbide-made indexable insert coated with ceramics (when cutting by wet cutting) The above tool life can be obtained. In the dry-cut processing, no cutting oil is used, so that there is no generation of stains and unusual odors on the floor, and no waste oil treatment is required. Therefore, it is suitable for improving the working environment and the global environment.

As the throw-away insert 2, a high-speed tool steel tip is coated with a nitride of TiAl or a carbonitride of TiAl, so that the Al in the coating film increases in temperature due to the cutting heat, and as a result, The oxide film is oxidized to form an oxide film having high wear resistance on the surface of the coating film, and the indexable tip 2 is hardly worn. Further, the oxide film has an effect of preventing oxidation inside the film, and can keep the adhesion of the coating film strong.

Then, substantially (Ti _(1-x) Al _x ) (N _y C
_(1-y) ) (where 0.2 ≦ x ≦ 0.9, 0.5 ≦ y ≦
(Ti _(1-x) Al _x ) and (N _y C _(1-y) ) in the 1.0) film
Is (Ti _(1-x) Al _x ) :( N _y C _(1-y) ) = 1.1: 0.
From 9 it is between (Ti _(1-x) Al _x ) :( N _y C _(1-y) ) = 0.9: 1.1. That is, (Ti _(1-x) Al _x ) _(1-w) (N _y C
_(1-y) ) _w in w is 0.45 ≦ w ≦ 0.55.

Usually, (Ti _(1-x) Al _x ) and (N _y C _(1-y) )
Is assumed to be 1: 1.
There is no problem even if NC is contained abundantly to strengthen solid solution.

FIG. 3 shows the relationship between the value of x of the material having the composition of (Ti _(1-x) Al _x ) N and the flank wear. (T
i _(1-x) Al _x ) N film thickness of 1.7 μm
It is. With a coating film of (Ti _(1-x) Al _x ) N in the range of 0.2 ≦ x ≦ 0.9, the flank wear is below the practical wear limit at a cutting speed of 500 m / min or less, making it practically practical. . The state shown in FIG. 3 is a dry cut in which no cutting fluid is applied. When the cutting fluid is applied, the flank wear increases 1.8 times, and the practical cutting speed range is 250 m / min or less.

The throw-away tip 2 of this embodiment
Shows better performance than wet cut when used in dry cut. In each case, the crater wear is small, and the life of the indexable tip 2 is determined only by the flank wear.

[0027] The material of the work in FIG. 3 S45C (H _B
170), the cutting conditions are as follows: feed is 0.2 mm / rev, blade, cutting depth is 1 mm, cutting width is 50 mm, and total cutting length (length in the feed direction of the milling cutter) is 10 m. Milling outer diameter is 20
0 mm and the number of blades (the number of indexable inserts 2) is eight. The high speed steel used for the throw away tip 2 is SK
H55.

FIG. 4 shows the relationship between the value of y of the material having the composition of (Ti _0.5 Al _0.5 ) (N _y C _(1-y) ) and the flank wear. The film thickness of the material having the composition of (Ti _0.5 Al _0.5 ) (N _y C _(1-y) ) is 1.7 μm. 0.4 ≦ y ≦ 1.0
With a coating film of (Ti _0.5 Al _0.5 ) (N _y C _(1-y) ), the flank wear falls below the practical wear limit at a cutting speed of 500 m / min or less, making it practical.

The state shown in FIG. 4 is a dry cut in which no cutting oil is applied. When the cutting oil is applied, the flank wear is 1.
7 times increase, the practical cutting speed range is 250m / min or less. In each case, the crater wear is small, and the life of the indexable tip 2 is determined only by the flank wear.
The processing conditions in FIG. 4 are the same as those in FIG.

FIG. 5 shows the (Ti _0.5 Al _0.5 ) N coating, in which the appropriate value of the film thickness was obtained. The horizontal axis of FIG. 5 shows the total film thickness. That is, if (Ti _0.5 Al _0.5 ) N is a single layer, the thickness is represented, and if it is a multilayer, the total thickness of all films is represented. The vertical axis is the single layer (Ti _0.5 Al
_0.5 ) This is a ratio of the flank wear when the flank wear of the throw-away tip 2 in which the coating of N is performed at a film thickness of 1.7 μm is set to 1.

Looking at the relationship between flank wear and film thickness when a single layer of (Ti _0.5 Al _0.5 ) N is coated,
At 30 μm, the flank wear is about 30% greater than at 1.7 μm, and gradually decreases as the thickness increases.At 10 μm, the thickness decreases by about 30% compared to 1.7 μm. Become. However, when the film thickness is reduced to 0.3 μm, the flank wear increases 2.2 times compared to the case of the film thickness of 1.7 μm. On the other hand, when the film thickness becomes 11 μm, the film is peeled off and the wear increases rapidly.

When the coating of (Ti _0.5 Al _0.5 ) N is multilayered, for example, 0.05 μm TiN is added to (Ti _0.5 A
When _0.5 or 10 layers are coated between l _0.5 ) N, as shown in FIG. 4, slightly higher performance is obtained than in the case of a single layer. Thickness is more than 0.5 μm and 10 μm
The following is preferable, and a single layer or a multilayer may be used.

The cutting speed in the case shown in FIG. 5 is 350 m / min, and the other conditions are the same as those in FIG. 3 except for the film thickness.

FIG. 6 shows the relationship between the feed (mm / rev, blade) and the cutting speed that can be accommodated in practically available flank wear. If the cutting speed is equal to or lower than the cutting speed shown in FIG. 6, the flank wear is below the practical limit, and practical use is possible. As can be seen from FIG. 6, the practicable cutting speed is not significantly affected by the feed, and the practicable cutting speed is about 500 m / min or less.

The processing conditions were such that the coating was (Ti _0.5 Al
_0.5 ) N, and the others are the same as in FIG. 3 except for the feed.

FIG. 7 shows the relationship between the material and hardness of the work and the cutting speed that can be accommodated in practically available flank wear. If the cutting speed is equal to or lower than the cutting speed shown in FIG. 7, the flank wear is below the practical limit, and practical use becomes possible. As can be seen from FIG. 7, the practicable cutting speed is 500 m / min or less, regardless of the work material and the hardness, within the range of generally used work materials and hardness.

As the work material, carburized steel and case hardened steel are used.
SCM415 of _{H B 120 ~H B 250, SCM435} , SCr420, SCr435, SC
M440, SNCM415 is another, carbon steel, H _B 150 ~H _B 300
Of S30C, S45C, S55C, S70C and another, cast iron H _B 0.99 to H
FC150 of _B 300, FC300, FCD350, is FCD600 other. The processing conditions are the same as in the case of FIG. 3 except that the coating is (Ti _0.5 Al _0.5 ) N and the rest is the work material.

FIG. 8 shows the relationship between the base material (high-speed material) of the indexable insert 2 and the cutting speed that can be accommodated in the flank wear that can be practically used. That is, for example, as high-speed steel,
Apply SKH51, SKH55, powdered high-speed steel (1.3% C, 6% W, 5% Mo, etc.) and powdered high-speed steel (2.2% C, 12% W, 2.5% Mo, etc.) This is a study of the cutting speed range that falls within practicable flank wear.

For various high-speed steel materials, about 50
It turns out that it becomes practical at a cutting speed of 0 m / min or less.
The processing conditions are the same as in the case of FIG. 3 except that the coating material is (Ti _0.5 Al _0.5 ) N and the other conditions are the same except for the base material (high-speed material).

Here, the wear resistance of a conventionally used carbide insert insert and the insert insert 2 of this embodiment will be compared. Under the work material and cutting conditions shown in Fig. 3, when cutting by wet cutting using a carbide carbide TiCN coating tip and applying a cutting oil, it was confirmed that the cutting speed exceeded the practical limit at about 250 m / min or less. . Therefore, it can be seen that when cutting by dry cutting using the indexable insert 2 of this embodiment, the tool life of the indexable insert 2 is longer than that of a generally used indexable insert made of carbide.

On the other hand, the chipping resistance of a conventional carbide throw-away tip and the throw-away tip 2 of this embodiment will be compared. Under the work material and cutting conditions shown in Fig. 3, when using a carbide-made TiCN coating tip, if the total cutting length is 10m and the cutting is performed once, eight cuttings will be performed if the cutting is performed twice. Chipping occurred in at least one of the away chips (both wet cut and dry cut). On the other hand, it was confirmed that the chipping of the indexable insert 2 according to the present embodiment did not cause any chipping in both wet cut and dry cut even after cutting 20 times.

The above-mentioned indexable insert 2 does not decrease in abrasion resistance even when high-speed tool steel is used, so that chipping is suppressed even when used without reducing the cutting speed, and productivity is reduced. Is not reduced. In the above embodiment, the example in which the indexable insert 2 is applied to the milling cutter 25 is shown, but it is also possible to apply the indexable insert 2 to other cutting tools.

Next, another example of the film coated on the throw-away tip 2 will be described. As the throw-away chip 2, a chip coated with a TiAl nitride or a TiAl carbonitride to which a nitride-forming element capable of forming a high-quality nitride is added is used. A single-layer coating of either TiAl nitride or TiAl carbonitride to which a nitride-forming element is added, and a throw-away chip 2 coated with at least one material in a multi-layer coating are used.

Here, the nitride forming elements include Zr (zirconium), Hf (hafnium), Y (yttrium), V (vanadium), Nb (niobium), Ta (tantalum), Si (silicon), and Cr (silicon). Chrome), Mo (molybdenum),
W (tungsten), B (boron), Mg (magnesium), Ca (calcium) and Be (beryllium) are applied.

That is, when the nitride-forming element is M,
To (Ti_zAl_xM_(1-zx))_(1-w)(N _yC_(1-y))_wPair of
(However, 0.2 ≦ x ≦ 0.9, 0.5 ≦ y ≦ 1.0, 0.1 ≦
z ≦ 0.8, 0.7 ≦ (z + x) <1.0, 0.45 ≦ w ≦ 0.55
At least one layer is applied to the throw-away tip 2.
Use what you have.

Further, (Ti _z Al _x M _(1-zx) ) _(1-w) (N _y
C _(1-y) ) By defining the range of x in _w to be 0.2 ≦ x ≦ 0.9 and defining the range of y to be 0.5 ≦ y ≦ 1.0, the range of z is the range obtained by subtracting x from 1 to x. (Z =
1-x). For this reason, TiAl and NC have the same composition range as in the above case where the nitride-forming element M is not added, and substantially the same effect as the results of FIGS. 3 to 8 can be obtained. By adding the nitride-forming element M, the nitride-forming element M can replace TiAl and form a high-quality nitride.

Hereinafter, a case where V (vanadium), B (boron) and Zr (zirconium) are applied as typical elements of the nitride forming element M will be specifically described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 9 shows the relationship between the cutting speed and flank wear when V and B are slightly added, and FIG. 10 shows the cutting speed and flank wear when V, B and Zr are added more than in FIG. Is shown.

[0048] Here, the material of the workpiece is S45C (H _B 170), the cutting conditions feed 0.2 mm / rev, cutting, the cutting depth 1
mm, the cutting width is 50 mm, and the total cutting length (the length in the milling feed direction) is 10 m. The outer diameter of the milling cutter is 200 mm, and the number of blades (the number of indexable inserts 2) is eight. The high speed steel used for the throw-away tip 2 is SKH55.

As shown in FIG. 9, (Ti_zAl
_xM_(1-zx))_(1-w)(N_yC_(1-y))_wAs (Ti
_0.795Al_0.2V_0.005) N, (Ti_0.15Al_0.845V_0.005) N, (Ti
_0.5Al_0.45B_0.05) (N_0.9C _0.1))
When the layer is coated on the indexable tip 2,
Flank wear is less than practical wear limit at cutting speeds around 500m / min or less
The tool wear is smaller than the field (0.20mm). This
Therefore, slightly add nitride forming elements V and B
The case where no nitride-forming element is added
The same high-efficiency and low-cost processing can be realized. The figure shows
Crater wear
It is confirmed that it fits.

As shown in FIG. 10, (Ti _z Al _x M
_(1-zx) ) _(1-w) (N _y C _(1-y) ) _w , (Ti _0.5 Al
_0.4 V _0.1 ) N, (Ti _0.6 Al _0.2 B _0.2 ) N, (Ti _0.4 Al _0.3 V _0.3 ) (N
_When at least one layer of the composition of ( _0.7 C _0.3 ), (Ti _0.4 Al _0.3 Zr _0.3 ) (N _0.6 C _0.4 ) is coated on the indexable insert 2, the flank wear amount is practical at a cutting speed of around 500 m / min or less. The tool wear is less than the wear limit (0.20mm). For this reason, the nitride forming elements V, B and
Even when Zr is added more than in FIG. 9, the same high-efficiency and low-cost processing as in the case where the nitride-forming element is not added can be realized. Although not shown in the figure, it has been confirmed that the crater wear is small.

If the amount of the nitride-forming element to be added exceeds 0.3 in the composition ratio as compared with the composition of the TiAl-added element, the film is liable to peel off. 0.3 or less is preferable compared to the composition of the element. If the amount of the nitride-forming element exceeds 0.3 (z + x is less than 0.7) as compared with the composition of the TiAl-added element, that is, if the proportion of the nitride-forming element M is too large, the basic characteristics of TiAl are impaired and peeling occurs. Will occur.

Next, the case where the ratio of the metal element (Ti, Al, the nitride forming element to be added) and the non-metal element (N) containing C is changed will be specifically described with reference to FIG. FIG. 11 shows the relationship between the cutting speed and the flank wear when the composition ratio of the metal element and the nonmetal element including C is changed between 0.45 and 0.55. The processing conditions are the same as those shown in FIGS. The coating film is a single layer and the film thickness is 1.
7 μm.

As shown in FIG. 11, (Ti _z Al _x M
_(1-zx) ) _(1-w) (N _y C _(1-y) ) _w , (Ti _0.5 Al
_0.4 V _0.1 ) _0.45 N _0.55 and (Ti _0.5 Al _0.4 V _0.1 ) _0.55 N _{0.45 When} at least one layer is coated on the throw-away tip 2, when the metal element is large, or when C
In all cases where the amount of non-metallic elements is large, including the amount of non-metallic elements, the flank wear can be reduced to a practical wear limit (0.
20mm) and less tool wear and high efficiency and low cost machining. Although not shown in the figure, it has been confirmed that the crater wear is small. Here, the reason why w is set to 0.45 ≦ w ≦ 0.55 is that if w is out of the range of 0.45 ≦ w ≦ 0.55, the film may be peeled off or the wear resistance of the film may be reduced.

Incidentally, (Ti _z Al _x M _(1-zx) ) and (N _y
The ratio of C _(1-y) ) _w is assumed to be 1: 1. However, the ratio of non-metallic elements including C to the metal elements Ti, Al and the added nitride-forming element is increased or decreased. There is no problem. Solid solution strengthening can be expected by increasing the amount of nonmetallic elements including C.

As described above, even when a film containing V, B, and Zr added as a nitride-forming element M is coated and dry-cut, the wear amount is within the practical wear limit, and V, B, and Zr The same high-efficiency and low-cost processing as in the case where no is added can be realized. Incidentally, as the nitride forming element M,
Even when coating with a film to which elements other than V, B and Zr are added and performing dry cutting, high-efficiency and low-cost processing can be realized as in the case where V, B and Zr are added.

Referring to FIGS. 12 and 13, a cutting tool and a processing apparatus using the indexable insert of the present invention will be described. FIG. 12 shows a schematic configuration of a processing apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 13 shows a plan view of a cutting tool using a throw-away tip according to another embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 12, a lathe 31 as a processing apparatus has a main shaft 32 and a tailstock 33, and a work is rotatably supported by the main shaft 32 and the tailstock 33. Rotates the workpiece. On the other hand, a tool holder 34 is provided which is freely movable toward and away from the work and is reciprocally movable in a direction along the rotation center of the work, and a tool 35 is fixed to the tool holder 34. The work is rotated by driving the spindle 32 and the tool holder 3 is rotated.
By moving the tool 4, the cutting tool 35 is brought into contact with the outer periphery of the rotating work, and a predetermined turning process is performed on the work.

As shown in FIG. 13, the cutting tool 35 is fixedly supported by the cutting tool holder 34 of the lathe 31.
And a throw-away tip 12 is attached to the tip of the shank 11. The throw-away tip 12 is fixed to the tip of the shank 11 by a clamping lever 13 and a clamp screw 14. Clamp screw 14
, The indexable insert 12 is fixed to the shank 11 via the lever 13.

As the throw-away tip 12, FIG.
As in the case of the indexable insert 2 shown in (1), a indexable insert 2 made of high-speed tool steel (high-speed) coated with TiAl nitride or TiAl carbonitride is used as a base material. As the nitride of TiAl or the carbonitride of TiAl coated on the throw-away tip 2, a single-layer coated one or a multilayer-coated one coated with any material is used. Since the throw-away tip 12 is made of high-speed steel, it can be inexpensive and cost can be reduced.

The use of high-speed steel as the base material of the throw-away tip 12 prevents chipping. High-speed steel is inferior in wear resistance, but by coating with TiAl nitride or TiAl carbonitride, the wear resistance is the same as that of a carbide or super hard and ceramic-coated indexable insert. Property is obtained. In particular, when turning with dry cutting without turning oil, turning with a conventional carbide or carbide-made indexable insert coated with ceramics and turning oil (turning with wet cut) The above tool life can be obtained. In the dry-cut processing, no cutting oil is used, so that there is no generation of stains and unusual odors on the floor, and no waste oil treatment is required. Therefore, it is suitable for improving the working environment and the global environment.

As the indexable insert 12, a high-speed tool steel tip is coated with TiAl nitride and TiAl carbonitride, so that the Al in the coating film increases in temperature due to the cutting heat, and as a result, The coating film is oxidized to form an oxide film having high wear resistance on the surface of the coating film, and the indexable tip 12 is hardly worn.
Further, the oxide film has an effect of preventing oxidation inside the film, and can keep the adhesion of the coating film strong.

Then, the above-mentioned throw-away tip 2
Similarly, (Ti _{(1- (x)} Al _x )) (N _y C _(1-y) ) (where 0.2 ≦ x ≦ 0.9, 0.5 ≦ y ≦ 1.0) substantially (Ti _{( 1-x)} Al _x ) and (N _y C _(1-y) )
(Ti _(1-x) Al _x ): (N _y C _(1-y) ) = 1.1: 0.9 to (Ti
_(1-x) Al _x ): (N _y C _(1-y) ) = 0.9: 1.1 That is, (Ti _(1-x) Al _x ) _(1-w) (N _y C _(1-y) ) _w
Is such that 0.45 ≦ w ≦ 0.55.

Usually, (Ti _(1-x) Al _x ) and (N _y C _(1-y) )
Is assumed to be 1: 1.
There is no problem even if NC is contained abundantly to strengthen solid solution.

FIG. 14 shows the relationship between the value of x and the flank wear of a material having the composition of (Ti _(1-x) Al _x ) N.
The thickness of the material consisting of (Ti _(1-x) Al _x ) N is 1.7 μm
m. (Ti _(1-x) Al _x ) N in the range of 0.2 ≦ x ≦ 0.9
With a coating film of, the flank wear is reduced to below the practical wear limit at a turning speed of 350 m / min or less, making it practical. The state shown in FIG. 14 is a dry cut in which no turning oil is applied, and when the turning oil is applied, the flank wear is 1.
The cutting speed range that can be practically used will be 150 m / min or less.

The throw-away tip 12 of this embodiment
Shows better performance than wet cut when used in dry cut. In each case, the crater wear is small, and the life of the indexable tip 2 is determined only by the flank wear.

The material of the work in FIG. 14 is S45C (H
_B 170), the turning conditions were 0.2 mm / rev for feed, 1 mm depth of cut, and the total turning length (length in the work axis direction)
1.5m. The high speed steel used for the throw-away tip 12 is SKH55.

FIG. 15 shows (Ti _0.5 Al _0.5 ) (N _y C _(1-y) )
The relationship between the value of y and the flank wear of a material having the following composition is shown. The film thickness of the material having the composition of (Ti _0.5 Al _0.5 ) (N _y C _(1-y) ) is 1.7 μm. If the coating film is (Ti _0.5 Al _0.5 ) (N _y C _{(1-y )} ) in the range of 0.5 ≦ y ≦ 1.0, the flank wear is below the practical wear limit at the turning speed of 350 m / min or less. It fits and becomes practical.

FIG. 15 shows a dry cut in which no turning oil is applied. When the turning oil is applied, the flank wear is reduced.
1.5 times, the practical cutting speed range is 150m / min or less. In each case, the crater wear is small, and the life of the indexable tip 2 is determined only by the flank wear. The processing conditions in FIG. 15 are the same as those in FIG.

FIG. 16 shows a coating of (Ti _0.5 Al _0.5 ) N, in which the appropriate value of the film thickness was obtained. The horizontal axis in FIG. 16 represents the total film thickness. That is, if (Ti _0.5 Al _0.5 ) N is a single layer, the thickness is represented, and if it is a multilayer, the total thickness of all films is represented. The vertical axis is the single layer (Ti _0.5 Al
_0.5 ) The ratio of the flank wear when the flank wear of the hob 16 in which the coating of N is performed at a film thickness of 1.7 μm is 1 is shown.

Looking at the relationship between the flank wear and the film thickness when a single layer of (Ti _0.5 Al _0.5 ) N is coated,
At μm, the flank wear is about 30% greater than at 1.7 μm, and as the thickness increases, the wear gradually decreases.At 10 μm, the thickness decreases by about 40% compared to 1.7 μm. Become. However, when the film thickness is reduced to 0.3 μm, the flank wear increases 2.3 times as compared with the case where the film thickness is 1.7 μm. On the other hand, when the film thickness becomes 11 μm, the film is peeled off and the wear increases rapidly.

When the coating of (Ti _0.5 Al _0.5 ) N is multilayered, for example, 0.05 μm of TiN is added to (Ti _0.5 A
When _0.5 or 10 layers are coated between l _0.5 ) N, as shown in FIG. 16, slightly higher performance is obtained than in the case of a single layer. Film thickness is 10μ at 0.5μm or more
m or less, and may be a single layer or multiple layers.

The turning speed in the case shown in FIG. 16 is 200 m / min.
The other points are the same as those in FIG. 14 except for the film thickness.

FIG. 17 shows the relationship between the feed (mm / rev) and the turning speed within the flank wear that can be practically used. If the turning speed is equal to or lower than the turning speed shown in FIG. 17, the flank wear is below the practical limit, and practical use is possible. As can be seen from FIG. 17, the practical turning speed is not significantly affected by the feed, and the practical turning speed is about 350 m / min or less.

The processing conditions were such that the coating was (Ti _0.5 Al
_0.5 ) N, and the others are the same as in FIG. 14 except for the feed.

FIG. 18 shows the relationship between the material and hardness of the work and the turning speed that can be accommodated in practically available flank wear.
If the turning speed is equal to or lower than the turning speed shown in FIG. 18, the flank wear is below the practical limit, and practical use is possible. As can be seen from FIG.
The practical turning speed is 350m / min, regardless of the work material and hardness, within the range of commonly used work materials and hardness.
It is as follows.

As the work material, carburized steel and case hardened steel are used.
SCM415 of _{H B 120 ~H B 250, SCM435} , SCr420, SCr435, SC
M440, SNCM415 is another, carbon steel, H _B 150 ~H _B 300
Of S30C, S45C, S55C, S70C and another, cast iron H _B 0.99 to H
FC150 of _B 300, FC300, FCD350, is FCD600 other. The processing conditions are the same as in FIG. 13 except for the work material, except that the coating is (Ti _0.5 Al _0.5 ) N.

FIG. 19 shows the relationship between the base material (high-speed material) of the indexable insert 12 and the turning speed that can be accommodated in the flank wear that can be practically used. That is, for example, as a high-speed material, SKH51, SKH55, powdered high-speed (1.3% C, 6% W, 5% Mo, other),
The application of powdered high-speed steel (2.2% C, 12% W, 2.5% Mo, etc.) was used to investigate the turning speed range within the flank wear that is practical for various high-speed steel materials.

For various high-speed steel materials, about 35
It turns out that it becomes practical at a turning speed of 0 m / min or less.
The processing conditions are the same as those in FIG. 14 except that the coating material is (Ti _0.5 Al _0.5 ) N and the rest is a base material (high-speed material).

Here, the wear resistance of the conventionally used carbide insert insert and the insert insert 12 of this embodiment will be compared. Under the work material and turning conditions shown in FIG. 14, when turning was performed by wet cutting with a turning oil using a carbide TiCN coating tip, it was confirmed that the turning speed exceeded a practical limit at about 150 m / min or less. . Therefore, it can be understood that when the turning away insert 12 of the present embodiment is turned by dry cutting, the tool life of the throw away insert 12 becomes longer than that of a commonly used carbide insert.

On the other hand, the chipping resistance of the conventionally used carbide insert and the insert insert 12 of this embodiment will be compared. With the work material and the turning conditions shown in FIG. 14, when turning using a carbide TiCN coated tip, if the total turning length is 1.5 m and the turning is performed once, at least five times of turning are performed.
Double chipping occurred (both wet cut and dry cut). On the other hand, it was confirmed that the chipping of the indexable insert 12 according to the present embodiment did not cause any chipping in both wet cut and dry cut even after turning 50 times.

In the above-described indexable insert 12, the wear resistance does not decrease even when high-speed tool steel is used. Therefore, even if the insert is used without lowering the turning speed, the occurrence of chipping is suppressed, and the productivity is improved. Is not reduced. In the above embodiment, the example in which the throw-away insert 12 is applied to a turning tool is shown, but the present invention can be applied to other turning tools.

Next, another example of the film coated on the throw-away tip 12 will be described. As the throw-away tip 12, one coated with a TiAl nitride or a TiAl carbonitride to which a nitride-forming element capable of forming a high-quality nitride is added is used. Ti with added nitride forming element
A single-layer coating of any of Al nitride or TiAl carbonitride and a throw-away tip 12 coated with at least one material in a multi-layer coating are used.

Here, as the nitride-forming element, Zr (zirconium), Hf (hafnium), Y (yttrium), V (vanadium), Nb (niobium), Ta (tantalum) ), Si (silicon), Cr (chromium), Mo (molybdenum), W (tungsten), B (boron), Mg (magnesium), Ca (calcium), and Be (beryllium).

That is, when the nitride-forming element is M,
To (Ti_zAl_xM_(1-zx))_(1-w)(N _yC_(1-y))_wPair of
(However, 0.2 ≦ x ≦ 0.9, 0.5 ≦ y ≦ 1.0, 0.1 ≦
z ≦ 0.8, 0.7 ≦ (z + x) <1.0, 0.45 ≦ w ≦ 0.55
At least one layer is applied to the throw-away tip 12.
Use what you do.

Further, (Ti _z Al _x M _(1-zx) ) _(1-w) (N _y
C _(1-y) ) By defining the range of x in _w to be 0.2 ≦ x ≦ 0.9 and defining the range of y to be 0.5 ≦ y ≦ 1.0, the range of z is the range obtained by subtracting x from 1 to x. (Z =
1-x). For this reason, TiAl, NC has the same composition range as in the above case where the nitride-forming element M is not added, and FIG.
As a result, substantially the same effect as the result of FIG. 18 is obtained. By adding the nitride forming element M, the nitride forming element M becomes Ti
A high-quality nitride can be formed that can be replaced with Al.

The case where V (vanadium), B (boron) and Zr (zirconium) are applied as representative elements of the nitride forming element M will be described below. Here, the material of the workpiece is S45C (H _B 170), and the turning conditions are 0.2 mm / rev
The depth of cut is 1 mm, and the total turning length (length in the work axis direction) is 1.5 m.

(Ti _z Al _x M _(1-zx) ) _(1-w) (N _y C
_(1-y) ) _w , (Ti _0.795 Al _0.2 V _{0.00 5} ) N, (Ti _0.15 A
l _0.845 V _0.005 ) N, (Ti _0.5 Al _0.45 B _0.05 ) (N _0.9 C _0.1 ) When at least one layer is coated on the indexable insert 12, the flank wear at a cutting speed of around 350 m / min or less It was confirmed that the tool wear was less than the practical wear limit (0.20 mm). Therefore, even when the nitride forming elements V and B are slightly added, the same high-efficiency and low-cost processing as in the case where the nitride forming elements are not added can be realized. In addition, it was confirmed that the crater abrasion was within a small abrasion amount.

(Ti _z Al _x M _(1-zx) ) _(1-w) (N _y C
_(1-y) ) _w , (Ti _0.5 Al _0.4 V _0.1 ) N, (Ti _0.6 Al _0.2 B
_0.2 ) N, (Ti _0.4 Al _0.3 V _0.3 ) (N _0.7 C _0.3 ), (Ti _0.4 Al _0.3 Zr
_When at least one layer of a film having the composition of _0.3 ) (N _0.6 C _0.4 ) is coated on the
Under 350m / min or less, the flank wear is less than the practical wear limit (0.20
mm), it was confirmed that the tool wear was smaller. Therefore, even when V, B, and Zr, which are nitride-forming elements, are added in a larger amount than in the above-described case, the same high-efficiency and low-cost processing as when no nitride-forming element is added can be realized. In addition, it was confirmed that the crater abrasion was within a small abrasion amount.

When the amount of the nitride-forming element to be added exceeds 0.3 in the composition ratio as compared with the composition of the TiAl-added element, the film is liable to peel off. 0.3 or less is preferable compared to the composition of the element. If the amount of the nitride-forming element exceeds 0.3 (z + x is less than 0.7) as compared with the composition of the TiAl-added element, that is, if the proportion of the nitride-forming element M is too large, the basic characteristics of TiAl are impaired and peeling occurs. Will occur.

Next, metal elements (Ti, Al, nitride to be added)
Element) and the ratio of non-metallic elements (N) containing C
Will be described. The processing conditions are as follows.
5C (H _B170), and the turning conditions are 0.2 mm / rev
The total turning length (length in the work axis direction)
Is 1.5m. The coating film is a single layer and the film thickness is 1.
7 μm.

(Ti _z Al _x M _(1-zx) ) _(1-w) (N _y C
As _{(1-y)) w,} (Ti 0.5 Al 0.4 V 0.1) 0. 45 N 0.55 and (T
i _0.5 Al _0.4 V _0.1 ) _0.55 N _{0.45 When} a film having a composition of at least one layer is coated on the throw-away tip 12,
The flank wear must be less than the practical wear limit (0.20mm) at a cutting speed of around 350m / min or less, regardless of whether the amount of metallic elements is large or the amount of nonmetallic elements including C is large. Confirmed, high-efficiency low-cost processing can be realized. In addition, it was confirmed that the crater abrasion was within a small abrasion amount. Where w
Is set to 0.45 ≦ w ≦ 0.55 because w is 0.45 ≦ w ≦ 0.55
If the thickness is out of the range, the film may be peeled off or the wear resistance of the film may be reduced.

Incidentally, usually, (Ti _z Al _x M _(1-zx) ) and (N _y
The ratio of C _(1-y) ) _w is assumed to be 1: 1. However, the ratio of non-metallic elements including C to the metal elements Ti, Al and the added nitride-forming element is increased or decreased. There is no problem. Solid solution strengthening can be expected by increasing the amount of nonmetallic elements including C.

As described above, even when a film containing V, B and Zr added as a nitride-forming element M is coated and dry-cut, the wear amount is within the practical wear limit, and V, B and Zr The same high-efficiency and low-cost processing as in the case where no is added can be realized. Incidentally, as the nitride forming element M,
Even when coating with a film to which elements other than V, B and Zr are added and performing dry cutting, high-efficiency and low-cost processing can be realized as in the case where V, B and Zr are added. Incidentally, even if a film containing an element other than V, B and Zr as the nitride-forming element M is coated and dry-cut,
As in the case where V, B and Zr are added, high efficiency and low cost processing can be realized.

[0094]

The indexable insert according to the present invention is characterized in that (Ti _(1-x) Al _x ) (N _y C _(1-y) ) is added to the high-speed tool steel. Since at least one layer having a composition of 0.5 ≦ y ≦ 1.0 is coated, chipping is suppressed even when used without lowering the processing speed while maintaining abrasion resistance. As a result, productivity is not reduced, and labor saving and unmanned processing lines are not hindered.

Further, in the high-speed tool steel, (Ti _(1-x) Al _x ) _(1-w) (N _y C _(1-y) ) _w where 0.2 ≦ x ≦ 0.9 0.5 ≦ Since at least one film having a composition of y ≦ 1.0 0.45 ≦ w ≦ 0.55 is coated, chipping is suppressed even when used without lowering the processing speed while maintaining abrasion resistance. As a result, productivity is not reduced, and labor saving and unmanned processing lines are not hindered. In addition, metal elements Ti, Al
If N and C are contained in the same amount or more, the solid solution strengthening of the coating film can be expected.

In the high-speed tool steel, the nitride-forming element is set to M, and (Ti _z Al _x M _(1-zx) ) _(1-w) (N _y C _(1-y) ) _w However, since a film having a composition of 0.2 ≦ x ≦ 0.9 0.5 ≦ y ≦ 1.0 0.1 ≦ z ≦ 0.8 0.7 ≦ (z + x) <1.0 0.45 ≦ w ≦ 0.55 was coated at least one layer, while maintaining abrasion resistance, Even when used without lowering the processing speed, the occurrence of chipping is suppressed. As a result, productivity is not reduced, and labor saving and unmanned processing lines are not hindered. In addition, metal elements Ti, Al
If N and C are contained in the same amount or more, the solid solution strengthening of the coating film can be expected.

In the machining method of the present invention, since the cutting speed is set to 500 m / min or less by dry cutting using the above-mentioned indexable insert without using a cutting oil, the working environment is deteriorated. Cutting can be performed without the need.

In addition, since the turning speed is set to 350 m / min or less by dry cutting, in which the turning is performed without using the turning oil, by the above-described throw-away insert, the turning can be performed without deteriorating the working environment. It becomes possible.

The processing apparatus of the present invention is characterized in that (Ti _(1-x) Al _x ) (N _y C _(1-y) ), where 0.2 ≦ x ≦ 0.9 0.5 ≦ y Since a tool using a throw-away insert coated with at least one layer of a film with a composition of ≦ 1.0 is attached to the tool spindle that moves arbitrarily and drives and rotates relatively to the workpiece, it can be cut even by dry cutting. Even when the indexable insert is used without lowering the processing speed while maintaining the wear resistance of the indexable insert, the wear can be kept within a practically usable range, and the occurrence of chipping is suppressed. As a result, productivity is not reduced, and labor saving and unmanned processing lines are not hindered. Further, the working environment of the cutting operation can be improved, and the problem of waste oil treatment can be eliminated.

Further, in the high-speed tool steel, (Ti _(1-x) Al _x ) _(1-w) (N _y C _(1-y) ) _w where 0.2 ≦ x ≦ 0.9 0.5 ≦ Since the tool using the indexable insert coated with at least one layer of y ≦ 1.0 0.45 ≦ w ≦ 0.55 is attached to the tool spindle that moves and drives and rotates arbitrarily relative to the workpiece, it is dry cut. Even when cutting is performed, even if the insert is used without reducing the processing speed while maintaining the wear resistance of the throw-away insert, wear can be kept within a practically usable range, and occurrence of chipping is suppressed. As a result, productivity is not reduced, and labor saving and unmanned processing lines are not hindered. Further, the working environment of the cutting operation can be improved, and the problem of waste oil treatment can be eliminated. In addition, it is expected that the solid solution strengthening of the coating film of the throw-away tip can be expected by adding N, C to the metal elements Ti, Al in the same amount or more.

In the high-speed tool steel, the nitride forming element is set to M, and (Ti _z Al _x M _(1-zx) ) _(1-w) (N _y C _(1-y) ) _w However, a tool using a throw-away tip coated with at least one layer of a film having the composition of 0.2 ≦ x ≦ 0.9 0.5 ≦ y ≦ 1.0 0.1 ≦ z ≦ 0.8 0.7 ≦ (z + x) <1.0 0.45 ≦ w ≦ 0.55 is applied to the workpiece. Since it is attached to the tool spindle which moves arbitrarily and drives and rotates relatively, it can be used without reducing the machining speed while maintaining the wear resistance of the indexable insert even when cutting by dry cutting. However, the wear can be kept within a practical range, and the occurrence of chipping is suppressed. As a result, productivity is not reduced, and labor saving and unmanned processing lines are not hindered. Further, the working environment of the cutting operation can be improved, and the problem of waste oil treatment can be eliminated. In addition, it is expected that the solid solution strengthening of the coating film of the throw-away tip can be expected by adding N, C to the metal elements Ti, Al in the same amount or more.

The processing apparatus of the present invention is characterized in that (Ti _(1-x) Al _x ) (N _y C _(1-y) ), where 0.2 ≦ x ≦ 0.9 0.5 ≦ y Since a tool using a throw-away tip coated with at least one layer of a film having a composition of ≦ 1.0 is attached to a tool holder that moves toward and away from a rotating workpiece and reciprocates in a direction along a rotation axis of the workpiece. Even when turning with dry cutting, the wear resistance of the throw-away insert is maintained while maintaining the wear resistance of the insert without reducing the processing speed, so that wear can be kept within a practical range and chipping is suppressed. You. As a result, without lowering productivity,
Does not hinder labor saving and unmanned processing lines. In addition, the working environment for the turning operation can be improved, and the problem of waste oil treatment can be eliminated.

Further, in the high-speed tool steel, (Ti _(1-x) Al _x ) _(1-w) (N _y C _(1-y) ) _w where 0.2 ≦ x ≦ 0.9 0.5 ≦ A tool using a throw-away tip coated with at least one layer of a film having a composition of y ≦ 1.0 0.45 ≦ w ≦ 0.55 approaches and moves away from a rotating work and reciprocates in a direction along a rotation center axis of the work. Since it is mounted on the tool holder, the wear resistance of the throw-away insert is maintained even when turning by dry cutting, and the wear can be kept within the practical range even if it is used without reducing the processing speed. The occurrence of chipping is suppressed. As a result, without lowering productivity,
Does not hinder labor saving and unmanned processing lines. In addition, the working environment for the turning operation can be improved, and the problem of waste oil treatment can be eliminated. In addition, N,
By incorporating C in the same amount or more, solid solution strengthening of the coating film of the throw-away tip can be expected.

In the high-speed tool steel, the nitride-forming element is set to M, and (Ti _z Al _x M _(1-zx) ) _(1-w) (N _y C _(1-y) ) _w However, a tool using a throw-away tip coated with at least one layer of a film having a composition of 0.2 ≦ x ≦ 0.9 0.5 ≦ y ≦ 1.0 0.1 ≦ z ≦ 0.8 0.7 ≦ (z + x) <1.0 0.45 ≦ w ≦ 0.55 is rotated. Since it is mounted on a tool holder that moves toward and away from the workpiece and reciprocates in the direction along the rotation center axis of the workpiece, it maintains the wear resistance of the indexable insert even when turning by dry cutting. Even if it is used without lowering the processing speed, the wear can be kept within a practical range, and the occurrence of chipping is suppressed. As a result, without lowering productivity,
Does not hinder labor saving and unmanned processing lines. In addition, the working environment for the turning operation can be improved, and the problem of waste oil treatment can be eliminated. In addition, N,
By incorporating C in the same amount or more, solid solution strengthening of the coating film of the throw-away tip can be expected.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a processing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a side view of a milling cutter using the indexable insert according to one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a graph showing a state of flank wear.

FIG. 4 is a graph showing the state of flank wear.

FIG. 5 is a graph showing the relationship between film thickness and flank wear.

FIG. 6 is a graph showing the relationship between cutting speed and feed.

FIG. 7 is a graph showing a relationship between a work material and a cutting speed.

FIG. 8 is a graph showing a relationship between a base material and a cutting speed.

FIG. 9: (Ti _z Al _x M _(1-zx) ) _(1-w) (N _y C _(1-y) )
₅ is a graph showing the relationship between flank wear and cutting speed when _w is coated.

FIG. 10: (Ti _z Al _x M _(1-zx) ) _(1-w) (N _y C
_(1-y) is a graph showing the relationship between flank wear and cutting speed when _w is coated.

FIG. 11: (Ti _z Al _x M _(1-zx) ) _(1-w) (N _y C
_(1-y) is a graph showing the relationship between flank wear and cutting speed when _w is coated.

FIG. 12 is a schematic configuration diagram of a processing apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 13 is a plan view of a cutting tool using a throw-away tip according to another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 14 is a graph showing the state of flank wear.

FIG. 15 is a graph showing the state of flank wear.

FIG. 16 is a graph showing the relationship between film thickness and flank wear.

FIG. 17 is a graph showing the relationship between the turning speed and the feed.

FIG. 18 is a graph showing a relationship between a work material and a cutting speed.

FIG. 19 is a graph showing a relationship between a base material and a turning speed.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Tool main body 2 Throw-away tip 3 Wedge 4 Clamp screw 11 Shank 12 Throw-away tip 13 Lever 14 Clamp screw 21 Milling machine 22 Table 23 Main body 24 Tool spindle 25 Milling 31 Lathe 32 Spindle 33 Tailstock 34 Byte holder 35 Byte

Continued on the front page (72) Inventor Satoshi Morimoto 130 Rokujizo, Ritto-cho, Kurita-gun, Shiga Prefecture Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd.Kyoto Seiki Seisakusho Inside the Precision Machine Works

Claims (13)

[Claims] (1) A high-speed tool steel comprising: (Ti _(1-x) Al _x ) (N _y C _(1-y) ) wherein 0.2 ≦ x ≦ 0.9 0.5 ≦ y ≦ 1.0 A throw-away tip, characterized in that at least one film is coated. (2) In the high-speed tool steel, (Ti _(1-x) Al _x ) _(1-w) (N _y C _(1-y) ) _w where 0.2 ≦ x ≦ 0.9 0.5 ≦ A throw-away chip, wherein at least one layer of a film having a composition of y ≦ 1.0 0.45 ≦ w ≦ 0.55 is coated. 3. The high-speed tool steel according to claim 1, wherein the nitride-forming element is M, and (Ti _z Al _x M _(1-zx) ) _(1-w) (N _y C _(1-y) ) _w However, a throw-away chip characterized in that at least one layer of a film having a composition of 0.2 ≦ x ≦ 0.9 0.5 ≦ y ≦ 1.0 0.1 ≦ z ≦ 0.8 0.7 ≦ (z + x) <1.0 0.45 ≦ w ≦ 0.55 is coated. 4. A cutting process using a tool using the indexable insert according to any one of claims 1 to 3, and performing dry cutting using a cutting tool without using a cutting fluid. Processing method. 5. The method according to claim 4, wherein the cutting speed is 500 m / min.
A processing method characterized by the following. 6. A turning process using a tool using the indexable insert according to any one of claims 1 to 3, and performing dry cutting using a cutting method without using a turning fluid. Processing method. 7. The turning speed according to claim 6, wherein the turning speed is 350 m / min.
A processing method characterized by the following. 8. A high-speed tool steel comprising substantially (Ti _(1-x) Al _x ) (N _y C _(1-y) ) wherein 0.2 ≦ x ≦ 0.9 0.5 ≦ y ≦ 1.0 A processing apparatus, comprising: a tool using a throw-away tip coated with at least one layer of a film is attached to a tool spindle which is arbitrarily moved relative to a workpiece and driven and rotated. 9. A high-speed tool steel comprising: (Ti _(1-x) Al _x ) _(1-w) (N _y C _(1-y) ) _w where 0.2 ≦ x ≦ 0.9 0.5 ≦ A tool using a throw-away tip coated with at least one layer of a film having a composition of y ≦ 1.0 0.45 ≦ w ≦ 0.55 is attached to a tool spindle which is arbitrarily moved relative to a workpiece and driven and rotated. Processing equipment. 10. In a high-speed tool steel, the nitride-forming element is M, and (Ti _z Al _x M _(1-zx) ) _(1-w) (N _y C _(1-y) ) _w However, a tool using a throw-away tip coated with at least one layer of a film having the composition of 0.2 ≦ x ≦ 0.9 0.5 ≦ y ≦ 1.0 0.1 ≦ z ≦ 0.8 0.7 ≦ (z + x) <1.0 0.45 ≦ w ≦ 0.55 is applied to the workpiece. A machining apparatus characterized by being attached to a tool spindle which is relatively arbitrarily moved and driven and rotated relative to the tool spindle. 11. A high-speed tool steel comprising substantially (Ti _(1-x) Al _x ) (N _y C _(1-y) ) wherein 0.2 ≦ x ≦ 0.9 0.5 ≦ y ≦ 1.0 Machining characterized in that a tool using a throw-away tip coated with at least one film is attached to a tool holder that moves toward and away from a rotating workpiece and reciprocates in a direction along a rotation axis of the workpiece. apparatus. 12. A high-speed tool steel comprising substantially (Ti _(1-x) Al _x ) _(1-w) (N _y C _(1-y) ) _w where 0.2 ≦ x ≦ 0.9 0.5 ≦ A tool using a throw-away tip coated with at least one layer of a film having a composition of y ≦ 1.0 0.45 ≦ w ≦ 0.55 approaches and moves away from a rotating work and reciprocates in a direction along a rotation center axis of the work. A processing device characterized by being attached to a tool holder. 13. A high-speed tool steel, wherein the nitride-forming element is M, and (Ti _z Al _x M _(1-zx) ) _(1-w) (N _y C _(1-y) ) _w However, a tool using a throw-away tip coated with at least one layer of a film having a composition of 0.2 ≦ x ≦ 0.9 0.5 ≦ y ≦ 1.0 0.1 ≦ z ≦ 0.8 0.7 ≦ (z + x) <1.0 0.45 ≦ w ≦ 0.55 is rotated. A machining apparatus mounted on a tool holder that moves toward and away from a work and reciprocates in a direction along a rotation center axis of the work.