JPH11139168A - Capacitor mounting structure for electric vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To dispense with new mounting space by connecting and arranging a plurality of capacitor elements in existing spaces according to the various shape and sizes. SOLUTION: A plurality of capacitor elements are modularized as first, second and third capacitor element groups 4, 5, 6. Roof internal space 1A, column member space 1B and underfloor space 1C are used as the storage places of the first, second and third capacitor element groups 4, 5, 6, and a plurality of capacitor elements are arranged in free positions. A plurality of capacitor elements can therefore be arranged in optional space using the roof internal space 1A, column member space 1B and underfloor space 1C of a bus 1, so that layout freedom of a plurality of capacitor elements can be ensured, and new mounting space can be dispensed with at the time of mounting.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

The present invention relates to a structure for mounting a capacitor of an electric vehicle.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as an electric vehicle, a vehicle driven by a battery alone and a hybrid electric vehicle assisted by a battery are known. An electric vehicle shown in FIG. 15 is known as an electric vehicle driven only by a battery. In the figure, an electric vehicle 101 includes a battery 102, a motor 103 driven by a power supply of the battery 102, and four wheels 104. The battery 102 used as a power supply is mounted in, for example, a space corresponding to an engine room of a conventional automobile.

FIG. 16 shows a known hybrid electric vehicle. In the figure, a hybrid electric vehicle 201 includes an engine 202, a generator 203 connected to the engine 202, and four wheels 204.
And a motor 205 connected in parallel to the engine 202.
And a battery 206 that drives a motor 205. The four wheels 204 are driven by the engine 202.
Drives the four wheels 204 via the motor 205.

[0004]

However, in the conventional electric vehicles 101, 201, the batteries 102, 2
If the 06 is to be mounted on a bus or truck, the batteries 102 and 206 serving as power sources have a large predetermined volume, and therefore require a predetermined space that is commensurate with the large volume. Was not available and wasted. Battery 102,
Electric vehicle 1 for buses and trucks for mounting 206
The layout of 01 and 201 is restricted, or a new space is required.

[0005] The batteries 102 and 206 are not only bulky, but also have problems in terms of weight and time required for charging. In particular, the hybrid electric vehicle 201
Since the battery 102 is mounted in addition to the engine 202, a new layout space for the battery 102 is required. There is a demand for a power supply having a small and light weight and a power storage capacity that can replace the batteries 102 and 206, and the use of a capacitor element as a power supply that can replace the battery is considered (for example, the document “Automotive Technology VOL.51, NO.9, 1997. "). In this document, the capacitor element is a large-capacity capacitor mainly used in the field of load current backup of 1 A or less as a new energy source for supplementing or replacing a conventional secondary battery. A capacitor element as a power source of an electric vehicle has a characteristic that it can be rapidly charged. In addition to this, a characteristic that a battery is discharged for a long time is also required.

It is difficult to solve the above-mentioned problem that a new mounting space is still required for mounting the battery only by mounting a capacitor including a plurality of capacitor elements in the battery mounting space instead of the batteries 102 and 206. ing.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and an object of the present invention is to mount a capacitor of an electric vehicle which does not require a new mounting space when using the capacitor as a power supply of the electric vehicle. Is to provide a structure.

[0008]

According to the first aspect of the present invention,
A plurality of capacitor elements are connected and arranged in a space formed in the electric vehicle according to various shapes and sizes.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the structure for mounting a capacitor of an electric vehicle according to the first aspect, a plurality of capacitor elements are modularized. According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the mounting structure of a capacitor for an electric vehicle according to the first or second aspect,
The capacitor element is held by a support member provided in the space.

(Function) In the first aspect of the present invention,
An arbitrary space formed in the electric vehicle is used as a place for accommodating a plurality of capacitor elements, and the plurality of capacitor elements are arranged at free positions. In the invention described in claim 2, a plurality of capacitor elements are attached to a space for each modularization,
It is removed.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, since the capacitor element is held by the support member provided in the space, the capacitor element of the electric vehicle can withstand vibration, turning, acceleration and deceleration of the electric vehicle. The capacitor element is securely fixed to the vehicle body or the like.

[0012]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

Referring to FIGS. 1 to 7, a structure for mounting a capacitor of an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described. In the present embodiment, an example in which an electric vehicle is applied to a bus will be described. A capacitor is used as a power source for an electric vehicle. There are two types of electric vehicles: those that are driven only by a power source and those that are driven by a power source, and hybrid electric vehicles that support the power source.
Description is omitted.

In FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, a capacitor 2 is mounted on a bus 1. The capacitor 2 is connected to the electronic device 3,
First, second, and third capacitor element groups 4, 5, 6 arranged in series, and cable lines 7A, 7B, 7C, 7
D. The electronic device 3 and the first capacitor element group 4 are connected via a cable line 7A. The first capacitor element group 4 and the second capacitor element group 5 are connected via a cable line 7B. The second capacitor element group 5 and the third capacitor element group 6 are connected via a cable line 7C. Third capacitor element group 6 and electronic device 3
Are connected via a cable line 7D.

The first, second, and third capacitor element groups 4, 5, and 6 each include a plurality of identically-shaped capacitor elements 8 connected in series via a cable line 8i.
And is modularized. The capacitor element 8 is a capacitor having an ultra-large capacity of one million times or more that of a conventional electrolytic capacitor, and as shown in FIG. It has two connection terminals 9 and 10 on one end face, can be charged and discharged semipermanently, and does not need to be replaced (for example, see the document "Automotive Technology VOL. 51, N
O.9, 1997. ").

As a result, the series connection of the adjacent capacitor elements 8, 8 can be simplified. A gap is formed between the adjacent capacitor elements 8, 8, and the capacitor elements 8 are naturally cooled. The number of capacitor elements 8 used is, for example, about 1500 as a power source for one electric vehicle. Spaces of various shapes and sizes are formed in small pieces between various devices and components mounted on the bus 1. Examples of the space include a roof inner space, a roof space, a floor space, a column space, a space between chairs, a side wall inner space, a side wall inner space, a side wall outer space, and the like. In such spaces of various shapes and sizes, a module comprising a group of capacitor elements or a separately arranged capacitor element is accommodated.

Various modules are formed depending on how the capacitor elements 8 are arranged. For example, in the case of a narrow space in the vertical direction of the vehicle (a space inside the roof, a space above the roof, a space under the floor, etc.), a thin capacitor element group in which a plurality of capacitor elements 8 are horizontally arranged in a horizontal state is formed as a module. Is done. In a case where the space is narrow in the vehicle front-rear direction or the vehicle left-right direction (such as a column space), a capacitor element group in which a plurality of capacitor elements 8 are vertically arranged in a horizontal state is formed as a module.

FIG. 1 shows an example in which a module comprising a group of capacitor elements is arranged in such various shapes and sizes of spaces. In FIG.
A first capacitor element group 4 is arranged in the roof interior space 1A, a second capacitor element group 5 is arranged in the pillar space 1B, and a third capacitor element group 6 is arranged in the underfloor space 1C.

FIGS. 4 and 5 show a first capacitor element group 4 and a third capacitor element group 6, respectively. FIG.
, The roof interior space 1A is thin and horizontal, and the above-mentioned first capacitor element group 4 is arranged and fixed in the roof interior space 1A, and a part thereof is shown. .

The first capacitor element group 4 includes a plurality of sub-capacitor element groups 4A, 4B, 4C, 4
D, 4E, 4F,..., And each of the sub-capacitor element groups 4A, 4B, 4C, 4D, 4E, 4F,
.. Have the same structure. Each sub-capacitor element group will be described using the sub-capacitor element group 4B. In FIG. 5, a sub-capacitor element group 4B includes a plurality of capacitor elements 8 and a plurality of cable lines 8i connecting the capacitor elements 8 in series.
(Shown in FIG. 3), the thin case 11, and the thin case 11
The first, second, third and fourth support members 12, 13, 14, 15 are arranged in four stages inside, and connection terminals 16, 17 projecting from the side surface of the thin case 11. I have.
The plurality of capacitor elements 8 are horizontally arranged with their axes directed in the vehicle front-rear direction in a horizontal state, and are arranged in three stages.

The thin case 11 is provided with 10 holes 11A for cooling the capacitor element 8 naturally. A plurality of capacitor elements 8 are sandwiched in a line between the plurality of arcuate engagement grooves 12A of the first support member 12 and the plurality of arcuate engagement grooves 13A of the second support member 13 to be fixed. I have. Between the plurality of arcuate engagement grooves 13B of the second support member 13 and the plurality of arcuate engagement grooves 14A of the third support member 14,
A plurality of capacitor elements 8 are held in a line and are in a fixed state. A plurality of capacitor elements 8 are sandwiched and fixed between a plurality of arcuate engagement grooves 14B of the third support member 14 and a plurality of arcuate engagement grooves 15A of the fourth support member 15.

The sub-capacitor element group 4B
Is connected to the connection terminal 17 of the sub-capacitor element group 4A via the cable line 8i. In FIG. 4, the third capacitor element group 6 includes a plurality of sub-capacitor element groups 6A, 6B,
6C, 6D, 6E, and 6F. Each of the sub-capacitor element groups 6A, 6B, 6C, 6D, 6E, and 6F has the same thin structure, and has the same configuration as the sub-capacitor element group 4B. . The connection terminal 16 of the sub-capacitor element group 6B is connected to the connection terminal 17 of the sub-capacitor element group 6A via a cable 8i.

FIGS. 6 and 7 show the second capacitor element group 5 in FIG. In the figure, a second capacitor element group 5 includes a plurality of capacitor elements 8.
And a plurality of cable wires 8i connecting the plurality of capacitor elements 8 in series, a thin vertical case 5A, a fifth support member 5B fixed in the thin vertical case 5A, and protruding outside the thin vertical case 5A. The connection terminals 9 and 10 are provided. The plurality of capacitor elements 8 are vertically arranged in multiple stages with the axis line extending in the vehicle front-rear direction in the horizontal state. Further, the fifth support member 5B is formed by forming a plurality of receiving portions 5C having a substantially U-shaped cross section with which the plurality of capacitor elements 8 are engaged.

In the present embodiment, a plurality of capacitor elements 8 are modularized into first, second, and third capacitor element groups 4, 5, and 6, and a roof inner space 1A, a pillar space 1B, and a floor space are provided. 1C is used as an accommodation place for the first, second, and third capacitor element groups 4, 5, and 6, and a plurality of capacitor elements 8 are arranged at free positions.

The first, second, and third capacitor element groups 4, 5, and 6 are mounted in the roof interior space 1A, the pillar space 1B, and the underfloor space 1C, and are not replaced in principle. Beyond, it is removed and replaced. According to the above-described configuration, the plurality of capacitor elements 8 are connected to each other, and the roof interior space 1A of the bus 1 is
The column space 1B and the underfloor space 1C can be used, and a plurality of capacitor elements 8 can be arranged in these arbitrary spaces, and the plurality of capacitor elements 8 can secure the degree of freedom of layout as if it were an electric wire.

As a result, a plurality of capacitor elements 8
This eliminates the need for a new mounting space for mounting the vehicle and prevents the layout space for vehicle components from being limited. In addition, since a plurality of capacitor elements 8 are handled for each module, installation and removal from a space can be easily performed.

Further, the capacitor element 8 includes, for example, first, second, third, fourth, and fifth support members 12, 1 provided in the roof interior space 1A and the pillar space 1B.
Since it is held at 3, 14, and 17, it does not move with respect to the vibration, turning, acceleration or deceleration of the bus 1, and is securely fixed to the body of the bus 1 or the like. In the present embodiment, an example in which the first, second, and third capacitor element groups 4, 5, and 6 are mounted on the bus 1 has been described.
The capacitor element group is not limited to these. For example, as shown in FIG. 8, a fourth rectangular space 18A below the seat 18 of the bus 1 (FIG. 1)
Can be mounted. Also, as shown in FIG. 9, the roof 2 of the bus 1 (FIG. 1)
The fifth capacitor element group 21 can also be mounted in the zero roof space 20A.

Further, in this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 5, the support member has a plurality of arcuate engagement grooves, but when a plurality of capacitor elements are arranged in a horizontal line, As shown in FIG.
Are connected to one side of the bar 22A by a plurality of capacitor elements 8.
May be formed in multiple stages. In this case, in FIG. 10A, the pair of support members 22, 22 are fixed to face the inside of the thin case 22B, and a plurality of cooling holes 22C are formed in the thin case 22B. Have been. A plurality of capacitor elements 8 are sandwiched and fixed between the pair of support members 22, 22. Open end 22D of thin case 22B
When the cover 22E is put on the cover, the state shown in FIG.

In addition, in the present embodiment, the support member has a plurality of arcuate engagement grooves. However, the present invention is not limited to such a structure, and for example, a band can be employed as the support member. .

Further, in the present embodiment, a case where a plurality of capacitor elements are arranged horizontally has been described. However, as shown in FIG. 11, two support plates 23 and 24 are arranged horizontally and in parallel. Then, a plurality of mounting holes 23A are drilled in the support plate 23 and arranged in a grid pattern, the capacitor elements 8 are inserted into the respective mounting holes 23A, and the bottom of the capacitor element 8 is abutted against the support plate 24, A plurality of capacitor elements 8 can be fixed to the two support plates 23 and 24 to form a module.

In this embodiment, the example in which the capacitor element is formed in a cylindrical body has been described. However, as shown in FIG. 12, the capacitor element 25 may be formed in a cylindrical body having a square cross section. it can. In this case, when the plurality of capacitor elements 25 are arranged horizontally in a line, the plurality of capacitor elements 25 are sandwiched between a pair of support members 26, 26 each having a plurality of engagement grooves 26A formed therein. A plurality of capacitor elements 25 can be modularized in case 26B and housed in an appropriate space. The cylindrical capacitor element 25 having a quadrangular cross section has better space efficiency than the cylindrical capacitor element 8 and can be accommodated in a narrower space. FIG.
As shown in FIG. 3, two support plates 27, 28 are arranged in parallel, and a plurality of mounting holes 2 are formed in the support plate 27.
7A are pierced and arranged in a grid pattern, the capacitor elements 25 are inserted into the respective mounting holes 27A, and the bottoms of the capacitor elements 25 are abutted against the support plates 28, whereby a plurality of the support plates 27, 28 are provided. Can be modularized by fixing the capacitor element 25 of FIG.

Further, in the present embodiment,
Although the description has been given of the case where the plurality of capacitor elements are modularized, the plurality of capacitor elements may be individually arranged in accordance with the support members provided in an appropriate narrow space of the bus 1 (FIG. 1) without modularizing the plurality of capacitor elements. .

Further, in the present embodiment, the plurality of capacitor elements have the same shape, but capacitor elements having different shapes can be mixed. In addition, in this embodiment, an example in which the capacitor elements are connected in series has been described. However, the capacitor elements can be connected in parallel, or the capacitor elements can be connected in a combination of series and parallel.

In this embodiment, an example in which the electric vehicle is applied to a bus has been described.
As shown in FIG. 4, it can also be applied to tracks. This will be described below. In the figure, a capacitor 30 is mounted on a track 29. The capacitor 30 is connected to the electronic device 3
1, 6th, 7th, 8th, 9th, 1st
0 capacitor element groups 32, 33, 34, 35,
36, cable wires 37A, 37B, 37C, 37D,
37E and 37F.

The electronic device 31 and the sixth capacitor element group 32 are connected via a cable 37A.
The sixth capacitor element group 32 and the seventh capacitor element group 33 are connected via a cable line 37B. The seventh capacitor element group 33 and the eighth capacitor element group 34 are connected via a cable line 37C. The eighth capacitor element group 34 and the ninth capacitor element group 35 are connected to a cable line 37D.
Connected through. The ninth capacitor element group 35 and the tenth capacitor element group 36 are connected via a cable line 37E. The tenth capacitor element group 36 and the electronic device 31 are connected to a cable line 37F.
Connected through.

The sixth capacitor element group 32 is modularized and accommodated in the cab floor space 29A. The seventh capacitor element group 33 is modularized and housed in the cab roof space 29B. The eighth capacitor element group 34 is modularized and accommodated in the right tilt space 29C. The ninth capacitor element group 35 is modularized and accommodated in the space 29D below the carrier. Tenth
Of the capacitor elements 36 are modularized,
It is accommodated in the left tilt space 29E. Note that the capacitor element group may be accommodated in a space between side members having a U-shaped cross section that constitute the frame.
Also, the capacitor element group can be accommodated in the space below the cab bed.

[0037]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, by connecting a plurality of capacitor elements, it is possible to use a space of an electric vehicle and arrange a required number of capacitor elements in an arbitrary space. As a result, the degree of freedom in the layout of the plurality of capacitor elements can be ensured.

As a result, a new mounting space for mounting a plurality of capacitor elements is not required, and the layout space for vehicle components can be prevented from being limited. According to the second aspect of the present invention, since a plurality of capacitor elements are handled for each module, installation and removal from a space can be easily performed.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, since the capacitor element is held by the support member provided in the space, the electric vehicle can be protected from vibration, turning, acceleration and deceleration of the electric vehicle. The capacitor element can be securely fixed to the vehicle body or the like.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a bus on which a capacitor according to an embodiment is mounted.

FIG. 2 is a wiring diagram of the capacitor.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a connection method of a capacitor element.

FIG. 4 is a partial cross-sectional perspective view showing a state where a capacitor element group is arranged in a space inside the roof and a space under the floor in the bus.

FIG. 5 is an enlarged explanatory view of a sub-capacitor element group in FIG. 4;

FIG. 6 is an enlarged explanatory view of a second capacitor element group in FIG. 1;

FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing a support member of the second capacitor element group in FIG.

FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating a case where a capacitor element group is accommodated below a seat according to a modification of the present embodiment.

FIG. 9 is a partial cross-sectional perspective view showing a capacitor element group arranged in a space above a bus roof according to a modification of the present embodiment.

FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating a case where cylindrical capacitor elements are arranged side by side and housed in a thin case according to a modification of the present embodiment.

FIG. 11 is a perspective view showing a capacitor element group in which cylindrical capacitor elements are arranged horizontally in a vertical state according to a modification of the present embodiment.

FIG. 12 is an explanatory diagram showing a capacitor element group in which capacitor elements of a tubular body having a rectangular cross section are arranged horizontally in a horizontal state according to a modification of the present embodiment.

FIG. 13 is a perspective view showing a capacitor element group in which capacitor elements of a tubular body having a quadrangular cross section are arranged horizontally in a vertical state according to a modification of the present embodiment.

FIG. 14 is a perspective view showing a track on which a capacitor is mounted according to a modification of the present embodiment.

FIG. 15 is a conceptual diagram of an electric vehicle driven only by a battery.

FIG. 16 is a conceptual diagram of a hybrid electric vehicle.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Bus (electric vehicle) 1A Roof interior space 1B Column space 1C Underfloor space 4 1st capacitor element group (module) 5 2nd capacitor element group (module) 6 3rd capacitor element group (module) 8 Capacitor element

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A capacitor mounting structure for an electric vehicle, wherein a plurality of capacitor elements are connected and arranged in a space formed in the electric vehicle according to various shapes and sizes. 2. The mounting structure for a capacitor of an electric vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of capacitor elements are modularized. 3. The structure according to claim 1, wherein the capacitor element is held by a support member provided in the space.