JPH11126071A - Playing fingering device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To enable even a beginner or a person unskilled in playing technique to easily make playing operation. SOLUTION: A playing data memory 9 stores the playing data including the pitch data of on a music to be played, time data, fingering data for assigning the fingers for playing and the display data of plural hand shape images corresponding to the shapes of the hands in playing. A CPU 1 stores the playing data inputted from a keyboard 3 in a work RAM 8 according to the program of a program ROM 7, selects the display data with which the playing operation is easiest from the plural shapes of the hands to be played next according to the pitch data and fingering data during playing and the pitch data and fingering data to be played next from the playing data memory 9 and outputs the same to a display section 10.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a performance fingering device for realizing a navigation function for guiding a performance operation in an electronic musical instrument or the like.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In an electronic keyboard instrument or the like having performance data of a plurality of music pieces stored in a memory and having a navigation function for guiding a player to play the next key, a note-on / music is used.
In addition to the off data, the pitch data, and the timing data, fingering data for designating a finger of the performance is included in the music data, and display data corresponding to the type of the hand in the performance is stored in the memory. Then, a hand-shaped image corresponding to the type of the hand to be played next is displayed on the display unit, and the performance operation is promoted according to the hand-shaped image, thereby improving the performance practice.

[0003]

However, for beginners and those who are inexperienced in playing techniques, if the hand type is such as finger passing or finger spreading, fingering cannot be performed according to the hand type image. There is also. For this reason, there was a problem that the navigation function could not be fully utilized. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to enable even a beginner or an inexperienced player to easily perform a performance.

[0004]

According to the present invention, pitch data, time data, and fingering data for designating a finger to be played, and a plurality of hand-shaped images corresponding to hand patterns in a performance are provided. Performance data storage means for storing performance data including display data; a plurality of types of hands to be played next in accordance with pitch data and fingering data during performance and pitch data and fingering data to be played next; And image data selection means for selecting display data which is the easiest to perform from the performance data storage means and outputting the selected display data to the display means. According to the present invention, the hand-shaped display data which is the easiest to perform the performance operation is selected and displayed according to the pitch data and the fingering data during the performance and the pitch data and the fingering data to be performed next. .

[0005]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of an electronic keyboard instrument to which the fingering device of the present invention is applied will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a system of an electronic keyboard instrument in this embodiment. The CPU 1 controls the entire electronic keyboard instrument by exchanging commands and data with each unit connected via the system bus 2. The keyboard unit 3 sends the data of the note number (key number) to the CPU via the key press detection circuit 4 in accordance with the key press / key release.
Enter 1 The switch group 5 inputs the state of the switch to the CPU 1 via the switch detection circuit 6 according to the operation.

[0006] The program ROM 7 stores programs executed by the CPU 1 and data necessary for initial settings. The work RAM 8 is a work area for storing various data processed by the CPU 1. The performance data memory 9 stores performance data of a plurality of music pieces. The performance data is, as shown in FIG. 2, a plurality of arrays of event data including the event type and the time until the next event. The event type is composed of data indicating note-on, ie, key press or note-off, ie, key release, note number data, and fingering number data. The time until the next event is time data that is a note-on time from a note-on timing of an arbitrary event to a note-on timing of the next event. In addition to the performance data, there is display data indicating the type of hand to be played. The display data is supplied to the display unit 10 in FIG. 1, and an image of a hand to be played is displayed. The display data will be further described later. The performance data is composed of a plurality of lines (corresponding to musical instrument parts), and each line is designated by a line number.

In FIG. 1, a timer 11 inputs to a CPU 1 a timer interrupt generated at regular intervals. The interrupt controller 12 arbitrates various interrupts including a timer interrupt from the timer 11 and
The priority of interrupt processing by PU1 is determined. The musical tone generating circuit 13 generates a musical tone signal according to the performance data from the CPU 1. The DAC 14 converts a tone signal output from the tone generating circuit 13 from a digital signal to an analog signal. The amplifier 15 performs a filtering process, an amplification process, and the like on the musical tone signal output from the DAC 14 and causes the speaker 16 to generate sound.

Next, the operation of the embodiment will be described with reference to the registers, counters and flags of the work RAM 8 shown in FIG. 3, the operation flowcharts of the CPU 1 shown in FIGS. 4 to 10, and the display data shown in FIG. . In FIG. 3, a note blank time register is a register for setting a time during which no sound is produced, that is, a time length of a rest. The note-on time register is a register for setting note-on time data from note-on timing of an arbitrary event to note-on timing of the next event, that is, time data until the next event shown in FIG. . The current note register is a register for setting pitch data currently being played. The next note register is a register for setting pitch data to be played next. The current fingering register is a register for setting fingering data of a key currently being played. The next fingering register is a register for setting fingering data of a key to be played next. BIAS
The register will be described later.

The note time counter is a counter for note-on time, and is incremented for each timer interrupt. The tempo counter is a counter that counts the tempo (a value corresponding to a fixed note length), and is incremented for each timer interrupt. The elapsed time counter is a counter for the elapsed time of each line, and is incremented for each timer interrupt. The display counter is a counter for display data, and is incremented for each timer interrupt. The blank count flag is a flag indicating a note-off state, and is incremented at each timer interrupt. The slide flag is a flag indicating that the fingering slides with the same hand pattern. Although not shown in the figure, the work RAM 8 is provided with an address register for setting an address for specifying event data, corresponding to each number of lines.

FIG. 4 is a flowchart of a main routine of the CPU 1. Initialization processing such as clearing the registers, counters, and flags of the work RAM (step S1)
After that, the loop processing of the switch processing (step S2), the music data processing (step S3), the keyboard processing (step S4), and other processing (step S5) is repeated.

FIG. 5 shows a timer interrupt process in response to occurrence of a timer interrupt from the timer 11. In this process, it is determined whether or not the tempo count is stopped (step S6), and if stopped, the flow is terminated. If the tempo count is not stopped, the tempo counter is incremented (step S7),
It is determined whether there is a tempo corresponding value, that is, whether there is a certain note length (step S8). If there is no tempo corresponding value, this flow ends. If there is a tempo corresponding value, the tempo counter is cleared (step S9), and the elapsed time of each line is incremented (step S10).

Next, if the data of the current note register is NOD
ATA (data up to the first note-on, FFh
Is determined (step S11), and if NODATA, this flow is terminated. If it is not NODATA, it is determined whether or not the data of the next note register is NODATA (step S12). Next data is NODA
If it is a TA, it is the end of the song, so this flow ends. If the next data is not NODATA,
Increment the note time counter (step S
13).

Next, it is determined whether or not the value of the note time counter has become one quarter or more of the note-on time (step S14). If the time is less than one-fourth of the time between note-ons, this flow ends. If it is not less than a quarter of the note-on time, the note time counter is cleared (step S15), and the display counter is incremented (step S16). Next, display data processing is executed (step S17). Then, this flow is ended, and the process returns to the main routine. The display data processing will be further described later.

FIG. 6 shows a switch process in step S2 of the main routine. If a switch operation has been performed, it is determined whether or not a music start process has been performed (step S1).
8) If it is not a music start process, another switch process is performed (step S19). If it is the music start processing, the tempo counter is cleared (step S20),
The head address of each line is set in the corresponding address register (step S21). Further, the time until the next event, which is the content of the note-on time register of each line, is set to 0 (step S22), and the elapsed time of each line is set to 0 (step S23).

Next, the start address of the melody line is set to the melody note-on search address (step S24). Then, a melody note-on search process for searching whether or not the event data is note-on data is executed (step S25). The details of the melody note-on search processing will be described later. Next, the display position is designated as the next note (step S26), and the address in FIG. 11 is the next fingering, the next fingering, and the address of the display data having the note difference of 0 (step S2).
7). In this case, for the data in which the fingerings before and after coincide with each other and the note difference is 0, a hand-shaped image in a state in which the hand is naturally placed, that is, a state in which the finger is not passed through and the finger is not spread is displayed. Next, NODATA is set in the current note register (step S28). Then, the process returns to the main routine.

In FIG. 11, data 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 for the current fingering and the next fingering are data for designating the thumb, the index finger, the middle finger, the medicine finger, and the little finger, respectively. Note difference data obtained by subtracting the current note from the next note is -12 to +
The range is 12. That is, for each combination of the current fingering and the next fingering, a range of -12 to +12, that is, 25 kinds of display data correspond. Therefore, there are 625 types of display data for all combinations of the current fingering and the next fingering.

Accordingly, in the case of the music start process shown in FIG. 6, a natural hand-shaped image is displayed at the note position where the key should be pressed first, so that in step S27, the next fingering, the next fingering, the note The display data has a difference of 0. Then, after the key is pressed, as shown in the note-on data processing described later, the current fingering, the current fingering, and the note difference become display data of 0, and the note position where the key is currently pressed with a natural hand pattern is displayed. Indicates that there is a fingering specified in.

FIG. 7 is a flow chart of the melody note-on search processing in step S25 in FIG. In this process, the blank flag is turned off (step S29), and the slide flag is turned off (step S30). Next, it is determined whether or not the event data of the melody note-on search address is an end mark at the end of the melody line (step S31). If it is not the end mark, it is determined whether or not the event data is note-on (step S32). If note-on,
It is determined whether or not the note blank time is equal to or greater than a predetermined value (step S33). If the note blank time is equal to or greater than the predetermined value, the slide flag is turned on (step S34). The predetermined value is
This is the value of the time enough to slide with the same hand without fingering or finger spreading. If the note blank time is less than the predetermined value, the slide flag remains off. Next, the note number of the event data is set in the next note register, and the fingering number of the event data is set in the next fingering register (step S35). Then, the process returns to the main routine.

If the event data of the melody note-on search address is not note-on in step S32, it is determined whether or not the event data is note-off (step S36). If the note is off, the blank count flag is turned on (step S3).
7). If not note-off, the blank count flag remains off. Next, the time until the next event is added to the note-on time (step S38). Next, it is determined whether or not the blank count flag is on (step S39). If this flag is on, the time until the next event is added to the note blank time (step S40A). If the blank count flag is off in step S39, or after the addition in step S40A, the melody note-on search address is updated (step S40B), and the process proceeds to step S31.

In step S31, unless the event data of the melody note-on search address is end data, the flow shifts to step S32 to determine whether or not the event data is note-on. Perform processing. On the other hand, if the event data is an end mark, NODAT is stored in the next note register.
A is set (step S41), and the process returns to the main routine.

FIG. 8 is a flowchart of music data processing in step S3 of the main routine. In this processing, first, the line number is initialized (step S42), and the following loop processing is repeated while updating the line number. That is, it is determined whether or not the processing has been completed for all the lines (step S43), and if not, the event data of the line specified by the line address is read (step S44). Then, it is determined whether or not the elapsed time is equal to or longer than the time until the next event (step S45).
If the time is less than the time until the next event, the line number is updated to specify the next line (step S46), and the process proceeds to step S43.

If the elapsed time is equal to or longer than the time to the next event in step S45, the time to the next event is subtracted from the elapsed time, and this is set as a new elapsed time (step S47). Therefore, the value of the elapsed time counter is the elapsed time from the immediately preceding event (in the case of the first event, the start of the music). Next, event processing is performed (step S48). Then, the time until the next event is set in the register (step S4).
9). Next, the line address is updated (step S5).
0), and proceed to step S44. In step S43, when the processing of all the lines is completed, the process returns to the main routine.

FIG. 9 is a flowchart of the event process in step S48 of FIG. In this process, it is determined whether or not it is a note-on data process (step S51).
If not the note-on data processing, another event processing is performed (step S52). In the case of the note-on data processing, the timer interrupt is prohibited (step S53), the note number of the event data is set in the current note register, and the fingering number of the event data is set in the current fingering register (step S54). ). Next, the time until the next event is set in the note-on time register (step S55). Then, the address of the next event data is set to the melody note-on search address (step S56). Next, 0 is set in the note blank time register (step S57).

Next, a melody note-on search process is performed (step S58). This melody note-on search process is the same as the flow shown in FIG. After this processing, 0 is set in the note time counter (step S
59). Then, the prohibition of the timer interrupt is released (step S60). Then, 0 is set in the display counter (step S61), and the position of the current note is designated as the display position (step S62). Then, the current fingering, the current fingering, and the display data with the note difference of 0 are designated at the position of the current note (step S63). That is, as described above, the display data of the natural hand type is specified.
Next, note-on sounding is instructed (step S6).
4) Return to the main routine.

FIG. 10 is a flow chart of the display data processing in step S17 of FIG. In this process, the BIA
S is set to a value obtained by multiplying the value obtained by subtracting the current fingering from the next fingering by 2 (step S65). Next, it is determined whether or not the slide flag is on (step S66). If this flag is off, the finger is passed under the finger or the finger is spread, so the current note position is designated as the display position (step S).
67), the display data of the current fingering, the next fingering, and the note difference at the current note position, where note difference = (next note-current note-BIAS) * (display counter) / 3 (step S68). . After this,
Return to the main routine.

In step S66, if the slide flag is ON, the display position is set to the following position of current note + (next note-current note-BIAS) * (display counter) / 3 (step S69). . Then, the display data of the current fingering, the current fingering, and the note difference 0, that is, the display data of a natural hand pattern is specified (step S70). Thereafter, the process returns to the main routine.

Next, the operation of the embodiment will be further described with reference to display examples of a keyboard image and a hand-shaped image in a key pressing operation. FIG. 12 shows images of finger spreading and finger passing. Now, assuming that the thumb has pressed the key corresponding to the lower “G” (G3) of the keyboard image in FIG. 12A, the display data is changed to the current fingering 1 and the current fingering by the processing in step S63 in FIG. Fingering 1 and note difference 0 (1, 1,
0) is displayed (address data of a natural hand). Then, the key that should be pressed next is high
In the case of (G4) and the slide flag is off, the address of the display data is the address of (1, 5, 12) which is the current finger 1, the next finger 5, and the note difference 12, and FIG. This is an image of a finger-type spread hand model of the display data shown in B). In other words, navigation is performed in which the finger is spread and the high finger is pressed with the little finger f5 from the state where the lower finger is pressed with the thumb f1.

Also, the "do" of the keyboard image of FIG.
Assuming that the key corresponding to (C4) is pressed with the thumb, FIG.
By the process of step S63, the display data is the current finger 1, the current finger 1, and the note difference 0 (1, 1,.
0) is displayed (address data of a natural hand). And the key that should be pressed next is low
If (G3) and the slide flag is off, the address of the display data is the address of (1, 3, -5) which is the current finger 1, the next finger 3, and the note difference -5. An image of the display data of the finger passing shown in FIG.
That is, from the state where the key "de" is pressed with the thumb f1,
A navigation is performed in which the finger is pressed and the middle finger f3 presses the lower "S" key.

In the case of FIG. 12, navigation is performed by displaying the type of hand when a key is pressed. In this embodiment, the type of hand during transition to the type of hand when a key is pressed is further added. It is configured to also display a type image. 13 to 15 show examples. In these examples, the predetermined value of the note blank time is the time length of a half-rest.

FIG. 13A shows the whole note "do" with the thumb.
A musical score in which (C4) is depressed and the whole note "S" (B4) is depressed with the little finger is shown. In step S65 of FIG. 10, the BIAS subtracts the current fingering 1 from the next fingering 5 to obtain 2
Since BIAS = 8, BIAS = 8. Also in this case,
Since there is no note blank time, the process of turning on the slide flag in step S34 in FIG. 7 is not performed. Therefore, FIG.
0 from step S66 to step S67, step S6
Move to 8. The note difference in step S68 is
Since (next note)-(current note) = 11, note difference = 8 + (11-8) * (display counter) / 3.
On the other hand, in the processing of steps S14 to S16 in FIG.
The display counter is set to 0, 1,
Since it is incremented to 2, 3, when the display counter = 1, the note difference = 8 + (11-8)
* 1/3 = 9 When display counter = 2, note difference = 8 + (11-8)
* 2/3 = 10 When display counter = 3, note difference = 8 + (11-8)
* 3/3 = 11. In this case, the addresses of the display data in FIG. 11 are (1, 5, 9), (1, 5, 10), (1, 5, 1).
1). Therefore, the hand-shaped image displayed together with the keyboard image of FIG. 13B is an image showing the transition of the finger spread as shown in FIG. 13C.

FIG. 14A shows the whole note "do" with the thumb.
A musical score is shown in which (C5) is depressed and the middle note "S" (G4) is depressed with the middle finger. In step S65 of FIG. 10, the BIAS subtracts the current fingering 1 from the next fingering 3 to obtain 2
Therefore, BIAS = 4. Also in this case,
Since there is no note blank time, the process of turning on the slide flag in step S34 in FIG. 7 is not performed. Therefore, FIG.
0 from step S66 to step S67, step S6
Move to 8. The note difference in step S68 is
(Next note) − (current note) = − 5, so if display counter = 1, note difference = 4 + (− 5-4)
* 1/3 = 1, when display counter = 2, note difference = 4 + (-5-4)
* 2/3 = -2 When display counter = 3, note difference = 4 + (-5-4)
* 3/3 = -5. In this case, the addresses of the display data in FIG. 11 are (1, 3, 1), (1, 3, 2), (1, 3, and −).
5). Therefore, the hand-shaped image displayed together with the keyboard image in FIG. 14B is an image showing the transition of the finger passing as shown in FIG. 14C.

FIG. 15A shows a half-note "do" with the thumb.
Press (C5) key, release the key, put a two-minute rest,
The musical score of pressing the half note “S” (G4) with the middle finger is shown. Therefore, the key depression operation is performed under the finger as in the case of FIG. However, in this case,
Since the note blank time after the half-note "do" is equal to or longer than the predetermined time, the slide flag is turned on in step S34 in FIG.

First, in step S65 of FIG.
Since BIAS is obtained by subtracting the current fingering 1 from the next fingering 3 and doubling it, BIAS = 4. Since the slide flag is ON in the next step S66, the process proceeds to steps S69 and S70. Since the display position in step S69 is (next note)-(current note) =-5, if the display counter = 1, the display position = C5 + (-5-
4) * 1/3 = C5-3 When display counter = 2, display position = C5 + (− 5-
4) * 2/3 = C5-6 When display counter = 3, display position = C5 + (− 5-
4) * 3/3 = C5-9. That is, at the stage where the display position slides to the left and the display position = C5-9, the middle finger f3 is at the position of "SO", that is, the key pressing position. In step S70 in FIG. 10, the addresses of the display data in FIG. 11 are all (1, 1, 0). Therefore, the hand-shaped image displayed together with the keyboard image of FIG.
As shown in (C), the image shows a transition in which the finger slides to the left with a natural hand pattern in which the fingers are opened to some extent.

In other words, navigation is performed in which the key depression operation of the finger insertion or the finger expansion should be slid while keeping the same hand pattern. Therefore, even a beginner or an inexperienced player can easily perform a performance operation.

As described above, according to the embodiment, the performance data memory 9 stores the pitch data, the time data, the fingering data for specifying the finger to be played, and the hand type in the performance. Performance data storage means for storing performance data including display data of a plurality of hand-shaped images. Further, the CPU 1 displays the simplest fingering display among a plurality of types of hands to be played next according to the pitch data and fingering data being played and the pitch data and fingering data to be played next. An image data selecting means for selecting data from the performance data memory 9 and outputting it to the display unit 10 is constituted. Then, in accordance with the pitch data and the fingering data during the performance and the pitch data and the fingering data to be played next, the display data of the hand type in which the performance operation is most easily performed is selected and displayed.

In this case, not only the image of the hand type to be pressed next is displayed, but also the image of the hand type in the middle is displayed, so that the performance operation can be performed more easily. Can be.

[0037]

According to the present invention, the hand-shaped display data which is the easiest to perform the performance operation is displayed in accordance with the pitch data and the fingering data during the performance and the pitch data and the fingering data to be performed next. Select and display. Therefore, even a beginner or an inexperienced player can easily perform a performance operation.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an exemplary block diagram showing a system of an electronic keyboard instrument according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a view of performance data stored in a performance data memory of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a configuration of registers and the like in the work RAM of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a flowchart of a main routine of the CPU of FIG. 1;

FIG. 5 is a flowchart of a timer interrupt process of the CPU.

FIG. 6 is a flowchart of a switch process in step S2 of FIG. 4;

FIG. 7 is a flowchart of a melody note-on search process in step S25 of FIG. 6;

FIG. 8 is a flowchart of music data processing in step S3 of the main routine in FIG. 4;

FIG. 9 is a flowchart of an event process in step S48 of FIG. 8;

FIG. 10 is a flowchart of display data processing of a hand type in step S17 in FIG. 5;

FIG. 11 is a diagram showing a configuration of display data of a performance data memory of FIG. 1;

FIG. 12 is a view showing a state of finger spreading and finger passing.

FIG. 13 is a diagram showing a display example of a hand type in a key-depressing operation of a finger spread.

FIG. 14 is a diagram showing a display example of a hand type in a key depression operation of a finger passing.

FIG. 15 is a diagram showing a display example of a hand type in a key pressing operation of sliding a hand.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 CPU 3 Keyboard part 7 Program ROM 8 Work RAM 9 Performance data memory 10 Display part

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. The pitch data, time data,
Performance data storage means for storing performance data including fingering data designating a finger to be played and display data of a plurality of hand-shaped images corresponding to the types of hands in the performance; pitch data and fingering during performance In accordance with the data, the pitch data to be played next, and the fingering data, display data which is the easiest to perform is selected from the plurality of types of hands to be played next from the performance data storage means and displayed. Means for selecting image data to be output to the means. 2. The image data selecting means selects and reads out a plurality of display data corresponding to a hand type that changes at predetermined time intervals from music data being played to music data to be played next, 2. The performance fingering device according to claim 1, wherein the performance fingering device outputs the result to the display unit. 3. The image data selecting means selects and reads out display data in accordance with a blank time during which there is no sound from performance data during performance to performance data to be performed next, and outputs the display data to the display means. The fingering device according to claim 1 or 2,