JPH11113521A - Fermented soybean having no spornioderm and its production - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide delicious fermented soybeans grits with an easy means by improving weak points such as a defect that the fermented soybeans cannot be washed out with water, modification of fermented soybeans component by heating, effusing of sugar component, badness of yield and therefore excellent fermentation is very difficult. SOLUTION: This fermented soybean is composed of cotyledon protected with epidermis of cotyledon from which spornioderm is removed. The fermented soybean is obtained by supporting an elastic raw material and a hard raw material while holding a small gap, rotating at least one of the raw materials, supplying dipped in water and swollen soybeans from upward of skin-removed block having relative velocities of the elastic raw material and the hard raw material to obtain cotyledon in a state of protected with epidermis of cotyledon, and steam-boiling the cotyledon, then adding a suspension of Bacillus natto, thus filling in a vessel and fermenting.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a natto consisting of cotyledons whose seed coat has been removed and protected by the cotyledon epidermis, which has improved the disadvantages of natto without seed coat, generally called ikito natto.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Hiki split natto is natto produced by dividing soybeans into quarters or halves and removing the seed coat. Since there is no seed coat, it has been manufactured for a long time for infants and the elderly. In schools and hospitals, it is widely used for sushi, special cooking ingredients, bread food paste, and the like. In the present invention, all natto from which the seed coat has been removed is referred to as ikito natto. The soybean used as a raw material has a spherical shape or a slightly longer spherical shape with a pair of hemispherical cotyledons wrapped in a seed coat. Natto is generally used in (1) soybean washing process,
It is manufactured by sequentially passing through (2) a dipping step, (3) a cooking step, (4) a filling step, and (5) a fermentation step.

[0003] In the conventional split natto, there is a disadvantage that a soybean crushing step is added before the above-mentioned steps, and that (1) water washing cannot be performed in the soybean washing step. In ancient times, it was roasted in a potter's bowl to make it easier to break. At present, there are adopted a direct fire drum rotary type and a heat exchange type in which drying is performed in a rotary tank heated to about 65 ° C. over a long period of time. However, there is a problem that the water absorption of soybeans deteriorates in the direct fire drum rotary type, and the fat and oil component deteriorates in the heat exchange type. After drying, the mixture is crushed with a roller or the like, and divided into quarters or octaves. Since the particle diameters are not uniform, those having passed 4 Tyler mesh and remaining 6 Tyler mesh are used. 6
Since the material passing through the Tyler mesh is too small to be used as a raw material for natto, the yield is poor and about 80%.

[0004] In the crushing step, the seed coat is removed. On the other hand, since the tissue inside the cotyledon protected by the cotyledon epidermis and the seed coat is exposed, the rate of water absorption in the immersion process is promoted, and the components necessary for the fermentation and fermentation of Bacillus natto, such as water-soluble nitrogen and sugar, flow out. was there.

FIG. 4 shows the cell structure around the soybean seed coat. Even when the seed coat is removed, the dense and fatty cotyledon epidermis protects the palisade cells that make up most of the cotyledon and store nutrients. In the steaming step, the cotyledon epidermis that protects the fence cells inside the cotyledon has been lost, so that it quickly softens and its shape is destroyed, so that the steaming time has to be shortened. As a result, soybean peculiar smell remains,
Soil microorganisms cannot be completely killed, and good fermentation cannot be performed due to generation of various bacteria.

Also in the filling step, soybeans are so softened that they adhere to each other to form a dumpling, making it difficult to perform quantitative filling. Also in the fermentation process, the sugar content is eluted and deficient, so that the natto bacteria are liable to undergo a deamination reaction for amino acids as a carbon source to generate ammonia. In addition, because the surface area of soybean is large, the propagation of natto bacteria is rapid, and the fermentation heat is often generated, so that skill in fermentation control is required. If control is incorrect, the generation of natto-specific viscous substances becomes insufficient. Furthermore, it is extremely difficult to produce good natto, which has many germs.

[0007]

The drawbacks of the conventional Japanese quince natto, which cannot be washed with water in the process of producing the Japanese quince, the denaturation of soybean components due to heating, the poor yield, and the fermentation of natto in the natto production process. Disadvantages such as the loss of important sugar components and protein components, and the difficulty of good fermentation due to the lack of perfect steaming conditions are due to the removal of the seed coat and the division of soybeans before the dipping process. The present applicant has developed a technique in which the dehulling step of soybean seed, which was conventionally considered to be possible only by drying, without damaging cotyledons after water swelling. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a halved split natto (leaved in cotyledon shape) without a seed coat and a delicious means of producing the same.

[0008]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention is directed to a natto comprising cotyledons from which the seed coat has been removed and protected by the cotyledon epidermis. Hold at an interval, rotate at least one of them, and supply soy swollen by immersion in water and protect it with cotyledon epidermis from above the moulting block where the relative speed between the elastic material and the hard material is different. It is characterized in that fertilized cotyledons are obtained, the cotyledons are steamed by a conventional method, and a natto suspension is added for fermentation.

[0009] That is, the present invention is to soy a soybean in a seed coat with water without swelling the components and to remove the swollen soybean without damaging the cotyledon. This method has previously been considered infeasible. Therefore, the soybean body protected by the cotyledon epidermis does not lose useful components in the steaming process, does not soften excessively rapidly, and in the fermentation process, nutrient absorption of Bacillus natto is limited to the seed coat. Therefore, it is possible to produce natto more satisfactorily than ordinary natto, because the natto is propagated sufficiently and the viscous substance is generated sufficiently.

In moulting soybeans swollen with water,
Keeping an interval that allows the swollen soybean to barely pass between the elastic material and the hard material, and allowing the swollen soybean to pass between the two types of moulting blocks,
Alternatively, the soybean that has been swollen is supplied to the upper portion while maintaining an interval allowing only the seed coat to pass. As a result, a twist stress is applied to the epidermis on both sides of the soybean body, and the swollen soybean seed coat containing moisture between the soybean cotyledons and the seed coat is easily peeled off by the twist stress. The present invention is intended to produce natto from cotyledons protected by cotyledon epidermis by dehulling swollen soybeans using a machine utilizing this principle.

[0011]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS In the present invention, soybeans are swelled in water and then molted without damaging the cotyledons by a method described later or the like, and the cotyledons protected by the cotyledon epidermis are converted into natto according to a conventional method. is there. Each grain of the obtained natto has a hemispherical shape in which the cotyledons are not damaged at all, and all the disadvantages of the related art are eliminated. It is preferable to leave all the cotyledons intact, but 85% or more, preferably 90% or more cotyledons remain in a perfect shape because they may be broken during the process.

Hereinafter, a method for removing the swollen soybeans will be described. FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a moulting block composed of a rotating drum and an elastic uneven body, FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a moulting block in which high-speed rotating rods and low-speed rotating rods are alternately arranged, and FIG. FIG.

Reference numeral 1 denotes a rotary drum, which is driven by a rotary drum rotating shaft 2 driven by a motor (not shown).
It rotates in the direction of the arrow in FIG. 1 at 0 to 100 rpm. At least the surface needs to be made of metal, and a metal that is rustproof and harmless to the human body, such as stainless steel, is preferable because water is constantly present. On the outer peripheral surface, peaks 3 and valleys 4 are provided alternately in parallel with the rotary shaft 2 for the rotary drum, and have an accordion-like appearance as a whole.

Reference numeral 5 denotes an elastic concavo-convex body, which may be an elastic body in which concave portions and convex portions are provided in stripes in the vertical direction. In FIG. 1, a plurality of composite pipes 6 each having a metal rod penetrated inside a rubber tube are closely fixed in parallel between an upper fixing plate 7 and a lower fixing plate 8. The inner circumference of the rubber tube is much larger than the outer circumference of the metal rod, so that the inner circumference of the rubber tube has a wide gap between the metal rod and the outer circumference. The rubber tube may be made of any material having elasticity. Corrosion-resistant NBR, SBR, S
Synthetic rubber such as R, IR, CR, silicone rubber or natural rubber is used. As the metal rod, ordinary steel or copper alloy can be used, but stainless steel is preferable in terms of durability and workability.

In fixing the composite pipe 6, it is sufficient that upper and lower fixing plates exist. The upper and lower fixing plates may be fixed above and below the rear plate, may be fixed above and below the side plate, or may extend from other members as long as the fixing plate is fixed firmly. A through hole or a slot is provided in the fixing portion of the composite pipe 6 of the fixing plate. In FIG. 1, a through hole is formed in the upper fixing plate 7, and a slot is formed in the lower fixing plate 8. The upper fixed plate 7 or the lower fixed plate 8 has a structure capable of being detached or rotated to expose the upper surface or the lower surface of the composite pipe 6. For example, there is a method of providing a rotatable hinge 12 at one end of the upper fixing plate 7, preferably on the opposite side to the rotary drum 1.

If a circular arc portion 9 concentric with the outer periphery of the rotating drum 1 is formed in the composite pipe 6 while leaving a gap through which swollen seeds can pass, the shedding area is increased, which is efficient. A concave portion 10 is formed on the contact surface between the composite pipe 6 and the composite pipe 6, and a convex portion 11 is formed on a portion away from both contact surfaces.

The swollen seeds supplied from the seed charging port enter the valleys 4 or the concaves 10 and rotate on the rotating drum 1.
And the clearance formed by the elastic uneven body 5. When passing through the clearance, the pressed seeds have elasticity and also penetrate into a rubber material having a clearance on the lower surface, and are rubbed against the crests 3 of the rotating drum 1 in a temporarily fixed state to continuously peel. And fall from under the clearance.

In the moulting machine shown in FIG. 2, the moulting block 1 comprises a high-speed rotating rod 13 and a low-speed rotating rod 14 arranged in parallel and alternately rotating in the same direction. At least the surface of the low-speed rotating rod 14 is a hard and corrosion-resistant material such as stainless steel. At least the surface of the high-speed rotating rod 13 is covered with a rubber material. The high-speed rotating rods 13 and the low-speed rotating rods 14 are arranged alternately with their circumferential surfaces close to each other while maintaining a gap through which at least the seed coat can pass. A direction projection 15 is provided on the outer periphery in the axial direction.

The circumferential speed of the high-speed rotating rod 13 is
It is 3 to 15 times, preferably 4 to 10 times the peripheral speed of 4. Further, the low-speed rotating rod and the high-speed rotating rod do not necessarily have to have the same diameter. The projection 15 may be a simple mountain or a projection having an inclined angle. Even when the projection 15 of the high-speed rotating rod 13 exists between the low-speed rotating rod 14 and the high-speed rotating rod 13, adjustment is made so that the seed coat passes. The number of the projections 15 is not limited, and may be two, three, four or more, but it should not be so large that the space between the projections is so narrow that the effect of moulting cannot be exhibited. By providing the projections 15, the corners of the projections hit the seeds, and not only the efficiency of removing the seed coat was improved, but also the hypocotyl was successfully removed.

Since the peripheral speeds of the low-speed rotating rod 14 and the high-speed rotating rod 13 are extremely different, the high-speed rotating rod 13 and the low-speed rotating rod 1
The difference in peripheral speed from that of No. 4 is applied as twisting stress. As a result, the seed coat is torn and falls from the gap between the low-speed rotating rod and the high-speed rotating rod. The remaining cotyledons are transported by a number of rotating rods rotating at the same speed but at different speeds, and fall and separate from the ends. By using a large number of high-speed rotating rods 13 and low-speed rotating rods 14 alternately, even if the seeds are not molted for the first time, the opportunity to molt one after another is given, so that the molting probability is improved.

Numeral 16 designates connection bearings provided at both ends of the rotary rod for integrally supporting the rotary rods. A coaxial double sprocket 17 composed of an outer sprocket 17a and an inner sprocket 17b is provided outside the end of one of the coupling bearings 16, and the outer sprocket 17a and the motor sprocket 1 driven by the first motor 18 are provided.
9, a chain is suspended, and the rotational force of the motor is also transmitted to the inner sprocket 17b. Since the end of the rotating shaft of the high-speed rotating rod 13 penetrates the connecting bearing 16 and is arranged as a high-speed rotating rod sprocket 20 on the outer surface of the connecting bearing, the inner sprocket 17b and all the high-speed rotating rod sprockets 20 are chained. , All the high-speed rotating rods 13 rotate at the same speed. The rotation speed can be adjusted arbitrarily.

Similarly, a second double sprocket 21 comprising an outer sprocket 21a and an inner sprocket 21b is provided outside the end of the other connecting bearing 16, and is provided by the outer sprocket 21a and the second motor 22. The chain is suspended on the driven motor sprocket 23, and the rotational force of the motor is reduced by the inner sprocket 21b.
Is also transmitted to The end of the rotating shaft of the low-speed rotating rod 14 passes through the other connecting bearing 16 and is arranged as a low-speed rotating rod sprocket 24 on the outer surface of the connecting bearing, so that the inner sprocket 21b and all the low-speed rotating rod sprockets 24 are arranged. , All the low-speed rotating rods 14 rotate at the same speed. The rotation speed can be adjusted arbitrarily. The end of the high-speed rotating rod 13 not connected to the high-speed rotating rod sprocket 20 is ensured by the bearing in the other connecting bearing 16 to be smoothly rotated.
Similarly, the low-speed rotating rod sprocket 2 of the low-speed rotating rod 14
The end that is not connected to the 4 is assured of smooth rotation by a bearing in one of the connection bearings 16.

With the above configuration, the first motor 1
When the rotor 8 rotates, the high speed rotating rod sprocket 20 rotates all the high speed rotating rods 13 at the same speed, and the low speed rotating rod 14 is not affected at all. On the other hand, the second motor 22
Rotates, the low-speed rotating rod sprocket 24 rotates all the low-speed rotating rods 14 at the same speed, and the high-speed rotating rod 1
3 is not affected at all. Although a chain and a sprocket are used as the rotation transmitting means in FIG. 2, a belt, a pulley, a gear, and the like may be used.

FIG. 3 shows a state in which the seed coat 26 of the soybean 25 is subjected to torsional stress on the opposing part of the seed coat and peels off and falls. 27 is a rotation axis.

[0025]

EXAMPLE In this example, a rotary drum 1 made of stainless steel and having a maximum diameter of 264 mm and an effective length of 550 mm was used. The radius of the cross section of the peak 3 was 5 mm, the interval between the peaks 3 was 14 mm, and the valley 4 was provided with a flat portion of 4 mm. In other words, the shape was such that a relatively large space was secured in the valley 4. On one side of the rotating drum 1, an elastic uneven body 5 having an arc portion 9 having an arc surface having the same central axis as the rotating drum is provided through an appropriate clearance over about 1/4 of the outer periphery of the rotating drum. Was. Elastic uneven body 5
Is a metal rod made of stainless steel and having a diameter of 2 to 3 mm.
Composite pipe 6 passed through a rubber tube having a thickness of 3 mm and a thickness of 2-3 mm
Were arranged in a row in contact with each other. Therefore, a sufficiently large gap remained in the rubber tube.

In arranging, as shown in FIG. 1, a frame having upper and lower fixing plates is provided, and a hinge 12 is provided on only the upper fixing plate 7 on the opposite side of the rotary drum 1 so as to be rotatable. . Reference numeral 28 denotes a nut for further fixing a metal rod that has passed through a through hole provided in the upper fixing plate 7. As a result, the arc portion 9 was a portion in which the convex portions 11 and the concave portions 10 were alternately arranged in the vertical direction, and the swollen seeds were rubbed by the rotating drum 1 and shed.

When the rubber is worn, the durability of the rubber tube can be extended by simply rotating the rubber tube around the metal bar and exposing a new surface of the rubber tube to an arc portion. If the entire surface of the rubber tube is worn,
The upper fixing plate 7 may be rotated and opened, and a metal rod may be inserted into a new rubber tube. In this case, only the necessary rubber tube can be replaced arbitrarily. In this embodiment, the rotating drum 1 was rotated at 56 rpm.

Five soybeans (300 kg) were immersed in sufficient water for 14 hours at room temperature. The soybean swelled to about 2.3 times the weight. At the same time, the number of germs in water increased between soybean cotyledons and seed coats at room temperature and in the presence of sufficient water and nutrients. When this water-swollen soybean was supplied to the peeling machine shown in FIG. 1, the soybean was peeled when passing through the clearance formed by the rotating drum 1 and the elastic uneven body 5, and the seed coat and cotyledons fell. The time required to process 5 soybeans was 1 hour. Fragmented cotyledons were scarcely present.

The seed coat was separated and drained from the obtained cotyledons, and most of the germs could be removed together with the seed coat.
30 to 50 at 1.5 to 2.0 kg / cm ² with high pressure steam can
Distilled. The steamed soybean cotyledons were spray-inoculated with a spore suspension, usually called natto, and a bacterial solution diluted with sterile water. The inoculation amount is 100-500 spores per gram of steamed soybean.
Was individual. Germination of spores was promoted by heat shock. The inoculated steamed soybeans were quickly filled in a container to prevent various bacterial contamination, and the container was stored in a plastic container. The containers were stacked and stored in the fermentation room. The fermentation room was set at a room temperature of 37 to 42 ° C and a humidity of 85 to 96%. During fermentation, the best fermentation conditions were guided by a computer control panel, and the fermentation was completed in 16 to 18 hours, followed by forced cooling.

[0030] The resulting ikito natto has a uniform shape of hemispherical grains, and since there is no outflow of nutrients during the immersion step or the steaming step, natto bacteria grow well and a large amount of the flavorful and sticky ingredients are obtained. A long hemisphere-shaped split natto was obtained which was secreted into the natto and had the same taste as ordinary natto except that no seed coat was present.

[0031]

According to the present invention, soybeans are molted without damaging the cotyledons after water swelling, all the disadvantages of conventional natto split natto are improved, and delicious chick splits which are divided into two without seed coat and leave the shape of cotyledons Natto can be provided by easy means.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a peeling block composed of a rotating drum and an elastic uneven body.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a moulting block in which high-speed rotating rods and low-speed rotating rods are alternately arranged.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing a state in which the skin of FIG. 2 has been removed.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing a cell structure near a soybean seed.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Rotary drum 2 Rotary shaft for rotary drum 3 Crest part 4 Valley part 5 Elastic unevenness 6 Composite pipe 7 Upper fixing plate 8 Lower fixing plate 9 Arc part 10 Concave part 11 Convex part 12 Hinge 13 High-speed rotation rod 14 Low-speed rotation rod 15 Projection 16 Connection bearing 17, 21 Double sprocket 17a, 21a Inner sprocket 18 First motor 19, 23 Motor sprocket 20 Sprocket for high-speed rotating rod 21b, 21b Inner sprocket 22 Second motor 24 Sprocket for low-speed rotating rod 25 Soybean 26 seed coat 27 rotating shaft 28 nut

[Procedure amendment]

[Submission date] November 13, 1997

[Procedure amendment 1]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] Brief description of drawings

[Correction method] Change

[Correction contents]

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a peeling block composed of a rotating drum and an elastic uneven body.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a moulting block in which high-speed rotating rods and low-speed rotating rods are alternately arranged.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing a state in which the skin of FIG. 2 has been removed.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing a cell structure near a soybean seed.

[Description of Signs] 1 rotary drum 2 rotary shaft for rotary drum 3 crests 4 valleys 5 elastic uneven body 6 composite pipe 7 upper fixed plate 8 lower fixed plate 9 arc portion 10 concave portion 11 convex portion 12 hinge 13 high speed rotation Rod 14 Low-speed rotating rod 15 Projection 16 Connecting bearing 17, 21 Double sprocket 17a, 21a Outer sprocket 18 First motor 19, 23 Motor sprocket 20 Sprocket 17b, 21b for high-speed rotating rod Inner sprocket 22 Second motor 24 Low speed Sprocket for rotating rod 25 Soybean 26 Seed skin 27 Rotating shaft 28 Nut

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A natto comprising cotyledons whose seed coat has been removed and protected by the cotyledon epidermis. 2. Natto in which seed coat is removed and natto comprising cotyledons protected by cotyledon epidermis accounts for 85% or more of the whole. 3. An elastic material and a hard material,
Hold a slight gap, rotate at least one of them, and supply soybeans immersed in water and swelled from the top of the moulting block where the relative speed between the elastic material and the hard material is different to supply the cotyledon epidermis A method for producing natto consisting of cotyledons in which the seed coat has been removed and protected by the cotyledon epidermis, wherein the cotyledons protected in step (1) are obtained, the cotyledons are steamed, and a natto suspension is added thereto for fermentation. 4. The molting block has a horizontal rotation axis,
The surface is provided with a metal rotating drum in which peaks and valleys parallel to the rotation axis are alternately provided on the circumference, and a convex portion and a concave portion are alternately arranged vertically on one side circumference of the rotating drum. Has a surface made of a rubber material, and made of an elastic irregular body fixed with a gap through which swollen soybeans can barely pass between the rotating drum and the rotating drum surface rotates from above toward the elastic irregular body 4. The method according to claim 3, wherein the natto is made of a cotyledon that has been removed and whose cotyledon has been protected by the cotyledon epidermis. 5. The method of claim 4, wherein the seed coat is removed from the mixture of the molted cotyledon and the seed coat. The method according to claim 4, wherein the seed coat is removed and the cotyledon is protected by the cotyledon epidermis. 6. A moulting block comprises a high-speed rotating rod and a low-speed rotating rod made of a hard material alternately arranged in parallel and rotating in the same direction. A molting made of a resilient material in which the high-speed rotating rods are alternately arranged in proximity to each other, and at least one row of high-speed rotating rods has a projection protruding in the centrifugal direction parallel to the rotation axis of the high-speed rotating rods provided on the outer periphery in the axial direction 4. The method according to claim 3, wherein the natto comprises cotyledons whose seed coat has been removed and protected by cotyledon epidermis.