JPH11107284A - Greening bed rock and greening method using the same - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a greening bed rock to provide at the part, exposed during swelling, of an embarkment with a sufficient bulk head function and be hardly washed away due to running water and to provide a greening method. SOLUTION: Elastic fibers made of synthetic resin are deformed in a loop- form state and molded in a mat-form manner, and formed integrally with the surface on one side of a fiber material mat layer 1 having a void with which soil dressing is wrapped and in which vegetable roots are stretched. A greening bed rock A having a porous concrete layer 2 provided at an internal part with a continuous void communicated with the void of the fiber material mat layer 1 and is arranged on a support bed rock with the fiber material mat layer 1 of the greening bed rock A positioned upside. Soil dressing 12 is piled up from a position above the fiber material mat 1 in the fiber material mat 1 and on the upper surface thereof when occasion demands, and vegetation is effected in the soil dressing 12.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a greening base and a greening method for preventing erosion of a surface such as a river embankment or a mountain slope and greening the same.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as a method of preventing the collapse of the ground such as a slope of a river embankment or the slope of a mountain or the like and greening, a lawn is vegetated on the surface of the ground and the surface is strengthened by a binding force of a root. A method to cover the ground with a concrete structure, cover the surface of the ground with a concrete structure, build up the soil on the surface and vegetate grass, or cover the surface of the ground with a porous concrete structure. A method of growing grass has been developed.

On the other hand, as a method of vegetation on the ground surface or the surface of a concrete structure, a method has been developed in which a mat-like artificial soil is used, a lawn is grown on the soil, and transplanted together with the mat. A mat-like natural organic fiber is used for the artificial soil in the form of a mat (JP-A-53-6953).
No. 136), and a synthetic resin fiber is entangled in a loop and the contact portions between the fibers are fused to each other to form a mat (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2-197830).

[0004]

In the conventional methods as described above, in the case where vegetation such as lawn is directly applied to the ground surface, the surface protection is often insufficient. In addition, the conventional method of embedding the soil on the surface of a concrete structure and applying vegetation thereto requires a large amount of soil and is easily washed away by rainwater. There is a problem that it is not suitable for a part that can be washed.

[0005] Further, in the method of growing grass in porous concrete, it is often necessary to swell the soil on the surface, and it is not possible to prevent the loss of the soil on slopes exposed to rainwater or running water. When the soil is not used, there is a problem that the types of grass that can be vegetated are limited.

[0006] A conventional method of planting grass on artificial mat-shaped artificial soil and transplanting the same together with the artificial soil can be considered as a method of greening the ground protection surface with a concrete structure. The growth of grasses due to simplicity of transplanting, and especially in the case of a mat made of synthetic resin fiber, is advantageous in terms of the large amount of soil retained, but when this is used on slopes such as embankments However, there has been a problem that the entire mat is easily peeled off by running water, and is easily washed away when the water is increased.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned conventional problems.
In particular, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a revegetation base and a revegetation method in which a sufficient revetment function is obtained in a portion of the embankment that is exposed to flowing water at the time of rising water, and the revetment is hard to be washed away by flowing water.

[0008]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The features of the present invention for solving the conventional problems as described above and achieving the intended purpose are as follows.
A synthetic fiber elastic fiber is deformed into a loop shape to be formed into a mat shape, and a fibrous mat layer having voids that can wrap the soil therein and extend the roots of the plant, and the fibrous mat layer. A greenery base having a porous concrete layer integrated with one side surface and having a continuous void in which the roots of the plant can extend by communicating with the voids of the fibrous mat layer therein; and It is installed on a support base to be greened with the layer facing upward, and the soil is raised from the fiber mat on the green base into the fiber mat and, if necessary, on the upper surface thereof, and vegetated in the soil. And a greening method.

[0009] The greening base may be one in which a fibrous mat layer is integrated on a porous concrete in a place, or a precast plate in which the fibrous mat layer and the porous concrete layer are integrated in advance. You may.

[0010] The fiber material mat has a fineness of 100 to 50.
A heat-fusible fiber crimped at 00d / f at least 40
% By weight and is heat-sealed with the composite fiber to have a density of 0.
02-0.15 g / cm ³ , 80% repetitive compression recovery
Preferably, the porous concrete layer is coated on the surface of the coarse aggregate such as crushed stone, cement, fine aggregate and a paste-like connecting material kneaded by adding water to the additive added as necessary, It is a porous concrete in which coarse aggregates that are in contact with each other are integrated by solidifying the connecting material, wherein the coarse aggregates and the fibrous materials that come into contact with the coarse aggregates are integrated by the connecting material, thereby forming a fibrous mat layer and a porous material It is preferable that the concrete layer and the concrete layer are integrated.

[0011] Further, on the support base, the soil may be filled into the fibrous mat layer and a plant to which plant cultivation has progressed to some extent may be installed, or installed on the support base without filling the soil. After that, filling of the soil, plant seeds or seedlings may be planted.

[0012]

The greening base of the present invention is placed on a support base which is to be greened with the porous concrete layer facing down, and the fibrous mat layer on the upper surface side is filled with soil, and if necessary, furthermore. The soil is raised and grasses and possibly shrubs are vegetated in the soil. The soil filled into the fibrous mat layer is wrapped by the fibers entangled in a loop and is prevented from flowing out, and the fibrous mat is integrated with the porous concrete layer. It will not be easily peeled off by weight.

Further, the roots of the plant extend from the fiber mat into the porous concrete, and when the support base is ground or backing material, the roots extend through the porous concrete layer and extend into the support base. And firmly establish the greening base.

Further, the fibrous material mat may be made to have a fineness of 100 to 50.
A heat-fusible fiber crimped at 00d / f at least 40
% By weight and is heat-sealed with the composite fiber to have a density of 0.
02-0.15 g / cm ³ , 80% repetitive compression recovery
By doing so, it becomes resistant to the load applied to the upper surface, is not compressed, and has a large restoring force after compression.

[0015]

Embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the drawings.

In FIG. 1, A is a greening base according to the present invention. This greening base A is composed of a fiber mat layer 1 and a porous concrete layer 2.

The fibrous material mat layer 1 is formed by deforming a synthetic resin-made elastic fiber 3 into a loop shape and forming it into a mat shape. The contacts are integrated with one another by melting.

As shown in FIG. 2, the porous concrete layer 2 has a coarse aggregate 4 made of crushed stone covered with a binder 5 made of cement mortar.
Are integrated via a bonding material 5 to form a continuous space 6 therein.

As shown in FIG. 2, the fibrous mat layer 1 and the porous concrete layer 2 are filled with the contact portions of the fibers 3 of the fibrous mat layer 1 in the binder 5 of the porous concrete layer 2 at the boundary between them. And are integrated by solidification of the binder 5.

In manufacturing the greening base A, as shown in FIG.
And a kneaded material for porous concrete 2a obtained by kneading the paste-like binder 5 and the coarse aggregate 4 to a predetermined hardness on the kneaded material 2a, and vibrating the table vibrator 8 for a certain period of time. The upper surface is flattened by a surface finishing vibrator 9, subjected to necessary curing, and after the binder 5 is solidified, the mold 7 is removed to form a product.

As a greening method using the greening base A, for example, as shown in FIG. 4, a normal frame 11 is installed on the surface of a slope 10 with a precast concrete block or cast-in-place concrete, and the normal frame 11 is used. The greening base A is placed on the surface of the ground 10 surrounded by the porous concrete layer 2 with the porous concrete layer 2 facing down, and the fibrous mat layer 1 is filled with the soil 12 from above, and further above it as necessary. Liven up the guest soil 12. At this time,
The soil 12 filled in the fibrous mat layer 1 contains seeds of grasses such as lawns and fertilizer components necessary for growth. As the seeds germinate and grow, the roots extend into the fibrous mat layer 1 to strongly bind the soil 12 and reach the ground through the voids in the porous concrete layer 2.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 5, after individually installing greening bases A, A,.
Further, a fiber material mat B having the same structure as that of the fiber material mat layer 1 is provided over the respective greening bases A, A,. By filling in the soil, it is possible to cover the legal frame 11 and green it.

In the above-described example, the greening base A is installed directly on the ground surface, but in addition, as shown in FIG. And the greening base A may be placed thereon.

Furthermore, a greening base A may be installed on the surface of the slope protection structure other than the lawn to green the surface. For example, as shown in FIG. On the soil layer 15 and the greening base A on the surface
Are fixed with anchor bolts 16, 16... To cover the surface of the soil layer 15 to prevent its collapse and runoff.

Alternatively, only the greening base A may be arranged on the ground surface without using other structures to form a ground protection structure, on which the soil is filled and greened.

Next, an example of manufacturing the above-mentioned fibrous mat layer 1 will be described.

In this example, the compression recovery rate is measured by the following measuring method.

Cut out the mat to a size of 10 × 10 cm,
Using a self-recording compression tester, the test piece was repeatedly compressed and released 80 times with a contact pressure element having a compression section having a diameter of 10 cm. The first compression is performed after the load reaches 30 kg.
Stop pressurizing in this state for a minute, then release the pressure,
This operation was repeated 80 times, and after standing for 30 minutes, the height of the mat was measured and the compression recovery rate was measured. Compression recovery rate (%) = (1 − [(H0−H80) / H0]) ×
100 H0: Thickness before compression H80: Thickness after standing for 30 minutes after 80 times of repetitive compression Fibrous mat production example 1 The sheath component has a melting point of 135 ^. C is a high-density polyethylene with a core component of melting point 166 ^. Fineness 550d made of C polypropylene
/ F, using a heat-fusible conjugate fiber having a three-dimensional crimp having a fiber length of 89 mm, and using a random webber, a web having a basis weight of 2000 g / m ² was obtained. The web was heated at a temperature of 148 using a heating machine of a net conveyor sandwiching type and a hot air penetration type ^. C, A heat treatment was performed for 10 minutes to obtain a mat in which the intersections of the fibers were heat-sealed. The mat was cut with a cutter to obtain a plant growth mat having a width of 0.9 m and a length of 2 m. The mat has a thickness of 2 cm and a density of 0.1 g /
cm ³ and the compressibility recovery rate were 87%.

Fiber material mat production example 2 The sheath component has a melting point of 138 ^. A propylene / ethylene / butene-1 terpolymer of C having a core component of melting point 166 ^. Using a heat-fusible fiber made of C polypropylene and having a three-dimensional crimp having a fineness of 750 d / f and a fiber length of 89 mm, a web having a basis weight of 2200 g / m ² was obtained using a random webber. The web was heated at a temperature of 152 using the same heater as in Example 1 ^. C, a heat treatment was performed for 15 minutes to obtain a mat in which the intersections of the fibers were heat-sealed. The mat was cut with a cutter to obtain a plant growing mat having a width of 1.5 m and a length of 3 m. The mat had a thickness of 3 cm, a density of 0.07 g / cm ³ and a compressibility recovery of 92%.

Fiber Material Mat Production Example 3 70% by weight of the same polyolefin terpolymer / polypropylene composite fiber as in Production Example 2 was mixed with 30% by weight of polyethylene terephthalate fiber having a fineness of 65 d / f and a fiber length of 89 mm. A web was prepared and heat-treated in the same manner as in Production Example 2 to obtain a mat having a basis weight of 2400 g / m ² . In this mat, the intersections of the composite fibers were heat-sealed.
The mat was cut with a cutter to obtain a plant growing mat having a width of 1.5 m and a length of 3 m. The mat had a thickness of 3.5 cm, a density of 0.07 g / cm ³ , and a compressibility recovery of 88%.

Fiber material mat production example 4 The sheath component has a melting point of 135 ^. C is a high-density polyethylene with a core component melting point of 258 ^. 99% by weight of a heat-fusible fiber made of polyethylene terephthalate C and having a three-dimensional crimp having a fineness of 1050 d / f and a fiber length of 89 mm, a water-absorbing acrylic fiber having a fineness of 5 d / f and a fiber length of 51 mm ( 1% by weight of Lanseal and Exlan Japan Co., Ltd. were mixed, and a web having a basis weight of 2600 g / m ² was obtained using a random webber. The web was heated at a temperature of 148 using the same heater as in Example 1 above ^. C, a heat treatment was performed for 12 minutes to obtain a mat in which the intersections of the fibers were thermally fused. The mat was cut with a cutter to obtain a plant growing mat having a width of 0.9 m and a length of 2 m. The mat had a thickness of 4.1 cm, a density of 0.06 g / cm ³ , and a compressibility recovery of 87%.

Next, a production example of the porous concrete layer 2 will be described.

Production Examples of Porous Concrete Layers 1-4 Using the following materials, they were put into a pan-type mixer at a weight ratio shown in Table 1 and kneaded for 2 minutes.
Placed in a single cm frame and compacted with a table vibrator at 6000 rpm for 20 days for 7 days ^. Curing was performed in C water. As a result, porous concrete having a compressive strength and a water permeability shown in Table 1 was obtained. Ordinary Portland cement: Nippon Cement Co., Ltd. Asano Ordinary Portland cement Blast furnace slag powder: Fine cement made by Dai-ichi Cement Co., Ltd. High performance water reducing agent: Kao Corporation Mighty 150 Fine aggregate: Nippon Cement Co., Ltd. silica sand 7 (Less than 0.3 mm particle size) Crushed coarse aggregate: Crushed stone No. 5 (13-20 mm) manufactured by Okutama Mining Co., Ltd. Light-weight coarse aggregate: Asanolite (5-20 mm) manufactured by Nippon Cement Co., Ltd.

Table 1

Production Examples of Porous Concrete Layers 5 to 7 The following materials were used, and the weight distribution shown in Table 2 was applied to the biaxial mixer.
Put cement, blast furnace slag, silica sand and coarse aggregate into
After kneading for 2 seconds, water and a high-performance water reducing agent were added and kneaded for 2 minutes. Then, φ10 × 20cm and φ15 × 3
Placed in a 0cm formwork and compacted with a tamper, about 10 for 7 days ^. C-25 ^. C Cured in the air. As a result, a porous concrete having a compressive strength and a water permeability shown in Table 2 was obtained. The porous concrete of Production Example 6 has a smaller compressive coefficient but a greater compressive strength than those of the other production examples. Ordinary Portland cement: Nippon Cement Co., Ltd. Asano Ordinary Portland cement Blast furnace slag powder: Fine cement made by Dai-ichi Cement Co., Ltd. High performance water reducing agent: Kao Corporation Mighty 150 Fine aggregate: Nippon Cement Co., Ltd. silica sand 7 Crushed stone coarse aggregate: Crushed stone No. 4 (20-40 mm), Crushed stone No. 5 (13-20 mm), Crushed stone No. 7 (2.5-5.0 mm) manufactured by Okutama Mining Co., Ltd.

Table 2

[0037]

According to the present invention, since the fibrous mat layer and the porous concrete layer, which have a large holding power for soil and plant roots, are integrated with each other, the greening base itself exerts the function of protecting the soil from erosion. In addition, the loss of soil and grass for vegetation can be prevented, and stable and well-rooted greening is achieved.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of an example of a greening substrate according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a partially enlarged sectional view of the same.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view showing a manufacturing example of the above.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view of an example of a greening method according to the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of another example of the greening method according to the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a sectional view of still another example of the greening method according to the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a sectional view of still another example of the greening method according to the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 Reference Signs List A greening base B fibrous mat 1 fibrous mat layer 1a fibrous mat 2 porous concrete layer 2 2a kneaded material for porous concrete 3 elastic fiber 4 coarse aggregate 5 binder 6 continuous void 7 form 8 table vibrator 9 finishing vibrator DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Ground 11 Law frame 12 Soil 13 Concrete board 14 Block embankment 15 Soil layer 16 Anchor bolt

Claims (5)

[Claims] A fibrous mat layer formed by deforming elastic fibers made of a synthetic resin into a loop shape to form a mat, capable of wrapping a soil therein, and having a space in which plant roots can extend; A greening base having a porous concrete layer integrated with one side of a fiber mat layer and having a continuous space inside the fiber mat layer, which is continuous with a space of the fiber mat layer and in which plant roots can extend. 2. A precast plate in which a fibrous mat layer and a porous concrete layer are integrated in advance.
Greening base described in. 3. The fiber material mat has a fineness of 100 to 5000.
d / f at least 40% by weight of crimped heat-fusible fibers and heat-fused with said conjugate fibers, having a density of 0.02
~0.15g / cm ^3, greening foundation according to claim 1 or 2 repeated compression recovery rate is 80%. 4. A porous concrete layer is formed by coating the surface of a coarse aggregate such as crushed stone with a paste-like connecting material obtained by adding water to a cement, a fine aggregate and an additive added as necessary and kneading the cement. It is a porous concrete in which the contacting coarse aggregate is integrated by solidifying the connecting material, and the fiber mat layer and the porous concrete are integrated by integrating the coarse aggregate and the fiber material in contact with the connecting material. The greening substrate according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the greening substrate is integrated with a layer. 5. A fibrous mat layer which is formed into a mat shape by deforming elastic fibers made of synthetic resin into a loop shape, wraps the soil inside, and has a space in which the roots of the plant can extend;
A greenery base having a porous concrete layer integrated with one side surface of the fibrous mat layer and having a continuous void in which plant roots can extend in communication with the voids of the fibrous mat layer; It is installed on the support base to be greened with the mat layer facing upward, and the soil is raised from the fibrous mat of the greening base in the fibrous mat and, if necessary, on the upper surface thereof. A greening method characterized by vegetation.