JPH11100592A - Detergent builder and detergent composition - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a detergent builder which gives a detergent compsn. having a high detergency and hardly allowing resoiling to occur by incorporating a polymer having glyoxylic acid units in the molcule and a polymer having unsatd. carboxylic acid units in the molecule into the same. SOLUTION: This builder contains a polymer (A) having glyoxylic acid units of formula I (X is H, an alkali metal, or ammonium) pref. in a content of 30 wt.% or higher in the molecule and a polymer (B) having unsatd. carboxylic acid units of formula II (X is the same as in formula I; R<1> is II or -COOX; and R<2> is II, methyl, or -CH2 COOX) pref. in a content of 50 wt.% or higher in the molecule, in a wt. ratio of A/B of (5/95)-(95/5). If necessary, the builder further contains other ingredients. The builder and a surfactant are compounded to give a detergent compsn.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a detergent composition having a high detergency and hardly causing recontamination, and a builder for obtaining such a detergent composition.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art At present, zeolite is mainly used as a detergent builder incorporated in high-density detergents. But,
Since zeolite is difficult to remove magnesium ions and is insoluble in water, zeolite has a low ability to disperse dirt, and a detergent using this has a problem that recontamination is liable to occur and the cleaning power is low.

[0003] Such problems can be solved to some extent by using a polymer builder such as an acrylic acid-maleic acid copolymer. Recently, the cleaning power is even higher,
Although there is a demand for a detergent builder that is difficult to recontaminate, the above-mentioned conventional detergent builder has not sufficiently responded to such a demand. The above-mentioned conventional builders are insufficient in detergency, so that they are insufficient for blending in a high-density detergent.

[0004]

Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a builder capable of obtaining a detergent composition having high detergency and hardly causing recontamination, and a detergent composition containing the builder. It is to be.

[0005]

Means for Solving the Problems In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present inventors have conceived that a combination of various builders may be good, and intensively studied a combination of detergent builders used for high-density detergents and the like. As a result, it has been found that combining a specific polymer-based builder can greatly improve the detergency and hardly cause re-contamination, and completed the present invention.

That is, the detergent builder according to the present invention comprises a polymer (A) having a glyoxylic acid structural unit represented by the following general formula (1) in a molecule and a general formula (2):
And a polymer (B) having an unsaturated carboxylic acid structural unit represented by the following formula in the molecule.

[0007]

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(However, X is at least one selected from a hydrogen atom, an alkali metal atom and an ammonium group.)

[0009]

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(Where X is at least one selected from a hydrogen atom, an alkali metal atom and an ammonium group;
R ¹ is at least one selected from a hydrogen atom and a COOX group; R ² is a hydrogen atom, a methyl group and CH ₂ CO 3;
It is at least one selected from OX groups. The ratio of the polymer (A) to the total amount of the polymer (A) and the polymer (B) is preferably from 5 to 95% by weight, more preferably from 20 to 80% by weight.

The proportion of the glyoxylic acid structural unit in the polymer (A) is at least 30% by weight, and / or
It is preferable that the proportion of the unsaturated carboxylic acid structural unit in the polymer (B) is 50% by weight or more. It is preferable that the polymer (A) is a block copolymer including a polyglyoxylic acid structural unit represented by the following general formula (3) and a polyalkylene glycol structural unit represented by the following general formula (4). .

[0012]

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(However, X is at least one selected from a hydrogen atom, an alkali metal atom and an ammonium group, and the average value of y is 10 or more.)

[0014]

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(However, n is an integer of 2 to 4 and the average value of x is 5 or more.) The detergent composition according to the present invention comprises a surfactant and the above-mentioned detergent builder.

[0016]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Hereinafter, the polymer (A) and the polymer (B) will be described first, and then the structures of the detergent builder and the detergent composition will be described. [Polymer (A)] The polymer (A) used in the present invention is:
A polymer having a glyoxylic acid structural unit represented by the general formula (1) in a molecule. The glyoxylic acid structural unit is a structural unit derived from glyoxylic acid. Since the polymer (A) has the glyoxylic acid structural unit represented by the general formula (1) in the molecule, it contributes to improving the detergency of the detergent composition, which is a basic property as a detergent builder, and Itself is excellent in biodegradability. When the polymer (A) is used in combination with the polymer (B) described below, the polymer (A) further enhances the detergency, and exhibits an effect of making the detergent composition less likely to cause recontamination.

In the general formula (1), X is at least one selected from a hydrogen atom, an alkali metal atom and an ammonium group (NH ₄ group). Examples of the alkali metal atom include lithium, sodium, potassium and the like, and one or more of these alkali metal atoms are used. Polymer of glyoxylic acid structural unit (A)
The ratio in the solvent is not particularly limited, but is preferably 30% by weight or more, more preferably 50% by weight or more of the whole polymer (A). When the proportion of the glyoxylic acid structural unit is less than 30% by weight, the cleaning power of the detergent composition may be reduced, and recontamination may easily occur.

Regarding the number average molecular weight of the polymer (A),
There is no particular limitation, and preferably 1,500 to 1,000,
2,000, more preferably 2,000 to 50,000.
00. The number average molecular weight of the polymer (A) is 1,500
If it is less than 3, recontamination may easily occur. On the other hand, when the number average molecular weight exceeds 1,000,000, the viscosity becomes high, handling becomes difficult, and recontamination may easily occur.

The polymer (A) may be a homopolymer composed of only a glyoxylic acid structural unit, or a copolymer containing a glyoxylic acid structural unit and another structural unit. Examples of the other structural unit include a structural unit derived from alkylene glycol (alkylene glycol structural unit). Alkylene glycol structural units have high compatibility and are suitable for liquid detergents.

The terminal structure of the polymer (A) is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a terminal structure comprising an alkoxy group derived from an aliphatic alcohol, an aromatic alcohol, an alicyclic alcohol and the like. . When the polymer (A) is a copolymer, any of a random copolymer, an alternating copolymer, and a block copolymer may be used, but a preferable example is a polyglyoxylic acid structure composed of a plurality of glyoxylic acid structural units. The block copolymer described in detail below includes a unit and a polyalkylene glycol structural unit composed of a plurality of alkylene glycol structural units.

The block copolymer referred to herein is a block copolymer containing a polyglyoxylic acid structural unit represented by the general formula (3) and a polyalkylene glycol structural unit represented by the general formula (4). is there. The polyglyoxylic acid structural unit is a structural unit derived from polyglyoxylic acid obtained by polymerization of glyoxylic acid. General formula (3)
In the formula, the average value of y is 10 or more, preferably 15 or more. If the average value of y is less than 10, the detergency decreases, and recontamination occurs. Specific examples of X and preferred examples thereof are the same as those described above.

The polyalkylene glycol structural unit is a structural unit derived from polyalkylene glycol. In the general formula (4), n is an integer of 2 to 4, and the average value of x is 5 or more. n is not particularly limited as long as it is an integer of 2 to 4, and therefore, a polyethylene glycol structural unit where n = 2, a polypropylene glycol structural unit where n = 3,
Any of polybutylene glycol structural units with n = 4 may be used, but from the viewpoint of solubility in water, polyethylene glycol structural units with n = 2 are preferred. The average value of x is 5 or more, preferably 10 or more. If the average value of x is less than 5, the compatibility decreases.

The ratio of the polyglyoxylic acid structural unit and the number average molecular weight in the block copolymer are the same as those described for the polymer (A). The arrangement of the structural units of the block copolymer is roughly classified into the following arrangements when the polyalkylene glycol structural unit is represented by “a” and the polyglyoxylic acid structural unit is represented by “b”.

Ab-type block copolymer bab-type block copolymer aba-type block copolymer A block copolymer obtained by repeating the above-mentioned is preferably obtained by the following method. May be obtained by the production method described above.

The polymer (A) can be obtained, for example, by polymerizing an alkyl glyoxylate in the presence of an alcohol and a catalyst with an alcohol as a starting point, followed by a saponification reaction with an alkaline substance. The alcohol is not particularly limited and includes, for example, monohydric alcohols such as methanol, ethanol, propanol, butanol, hexanol, dodecanol and cyclohexanol; dihydric alcohols such as ethylene glycol, propylene glycol and diethylene glycol; polyethylene glycol and polypropylene glycol And polyalkylene glycols such as ethylene glycol-propylene glycol copolymer, and one or more kinds thereof are used. When polyalkylene glycols are used, the obtained polymer is the above-mentioned block copolymer.

Examples of the alkyl glyoxylate include methyl glyoxylate, ethyl glyoxylate, n-propyl glyoxylate, iso-propyl glyoxylate, n-butyl glyoxylate, iso-butyl glyoxylate, sec-butyl glyoxylate, Tert-butyl glyoxylate and the like can be mentioned, and one kind or two or more kinds are used.

The polymerization catalyst is not particularly limited, but preferred examples include a cationic polymerization catalyst and an anionic polymerization catalyst. Examples of the cationic polymerization catalyst include boron trifluoride etherate (BF
₃ · Et ₂ O), trifluoroacetic acid, hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, phosphorus pentoxide and the like. Examples of the anionic polymerization catalyst include organic metal compounds such as diethylzinc and n-butyllithium; alkali metal compounds such as potassium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide and magnesium hydroxide; triethylamine, N, N-dimethyldodecyl Amines such as amines; sodiomethyl malonate esters; alkali metal alkoxides such as sodium methoxide and potassium methoxide; In general, it is preferable to use an anionic polymerization catalyst for the polymerization of the glyoxylic acid alkyl ester because the number average molecular weight of the polymer can be easily controlled. The amount of the catalyst used is not particularly limited and varies depending on the type of the catalyst. For example, in the case of an amine catalyst, the amount is 0.001 to 10% by weight based on the alkyl glyoxylate.

The reaction temperature of the above-mentioned polymerization depends on the reaction conditions and is appropriately determined depending on the type of the catalyst and the solvent to be used, and is not particularly limited, but is usually in the range of -50 to 50 ° C. If the temperature is lower than −50 ° C., it is difficult to perform cooling, and if the temperature is higher than 50 ° C., the yield decreases. The polymerization of the alkyl glyoxylate may be any of solution polymerization using a solvent and bulk polymerization in a solventless system. The solution polymerization can be performed in any of a batch system and a continuous system.

Solvents used in the solution polymerization include, for example, aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene, toluene and xylene; aliphatic hydrocarbons such as cyclohexane and n-hexane; halogenated hydrocarbons such as methylene chloride; methyl acetate And ketone compounds such as acetone; ether compounds such as tetrahydrofuran and dioxane. Among these, at least one selected from toluene, methyl acetate, dioxane, and acetone is preferable.

When the alkyl glyoxylate is polymerized as described above, a polymer having a structure in which the ester group is pendant on the main chain is obtained. This is polymer (A)
In order to convert to, a saponification reaction is carried out with an alkaline substance.
Examples of the alkaline substance include potassium hydroxide,
Examples include hydroxides of alkali metals such as sodium hydroxide. One or two of these alkaline substances are used.
More than one species can be used. The amount of the alkaline substance used is not particularly limited, but is preferably 1.0 to 2.0 (molar ratio) based on the alkyl glyoxylate. More preferably, it is 1.1 to 1.5.

The saponification reaction is carried out in an aqueous solution containing an alkaline substance at a reaction temperature of 0 to 100 ° C., more preferably 20 ° C.
Perform at ~ 70 ° C. A group consisting of an alkali metal salt of a carboxylic acid obtained by a saponification reaction can be easily converted to a group consisting of an ammonium carboxylate or a carboxyl group, if necessary, by an ion exchange method or the like. [Polymer (B)] The polymer (B) used in the present invention is:
It is a polymer having the unsaturated carboxylic acid structural unit represented by the general formula (2) as an essential component. An unsaturated carboxylic acid structural unit is a structural unit derived from an unsaturated carboxylic acid. When the polymer (B) is used in combination with the polymer (A), the polymer (B) further enhances the detergency, and exhibits an effect of making the detergent composition less likely to cause recontamination.

In the above general formula (2), X is at least one kind selected from a hydrogen atom, an alkali metal atom and an ammonium group (NH ₄ group). This is the same as described for A). In the general formula (3), R ¹ is at least one selected from a hydrogen atom and a COOX group, and R ² is
It is at least one selected from a hydrogen atom, a methyl group and a CH ₂ COOX group.

Examples of the unsaturated carboxylic acid structural unit include a maleic acid structural unit represented by the following general formula (5), an acrylic acid structural unit represented by the following general formula (6),
And methacrylic acid structural units represented by the following general formula (7), and the like. These units may be present alone, or two or more may be present together.

[0034]

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[0035]

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[0036]

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(However, in the above general formulas (5) to (7), X
Is at least one selected from a hydrogen atom, an alkali metal atom and an ammonium group. The ratio of the unsaturated carboxylic acid structural unit in the polymer (B) is not particularly limited, but is preferably a polymer (B).
50% by weight or more of the whole, more preferably 80% by weight
As described above, the content is most preferably 100% by weight. When the proportion of the unsaturated carboxylic acid structural unit is less than 50% by weight, the detergency of the detergent composition is reduced, and recontamination may occur.

Regarding the number average molecular weight of the polymer (B),
There is no particular limitation, preferably 1,000 to 1,000,
2,000, more preferably 2,000 to 100,
000. Number average molecular weight of polymer (B) is 1000
When the amount is less than the above, the calcium ion trapping ability may be reduced, and the detergency may be reduced. On the other hand, when the number average molecular weight is 1,0
If it exceeds 000, the viscosity becomes high, handling becomes difficult, and recontamination may occur.

The polymer (B) may be a homopolymer composed of only one kind of unsaturated carboxylic acid structural unit.
Copolymers containing more than one kind of unsaturated carboxylic acid structural units and copolymers containing unsaturated carboxylic acid structural units and other monomer structural units may be used. Other monomer structural units include, for example, phenoxy polyethylene glycol (meth) acrylate, naphthoxy polyethylene glycol (meth) acrylate, allyl alcohol, ethylene oxide adduct of allyl alcohol, and hydroxyethyl (meth) acrylate. Structural units derived from monomers can be mentioned, and one or more of these are used.

When the polymer (B) is a copolymer, it may be any of a random copolymer, an alternating copolymer and a block copolymer. The method for producing the polymer (B) is not particularly limited, and can be produced by any method. As a preferred example, a method of polymerizing at least one unsaturated carboxylic acid selected from maleic acid, acrylic acid and methacrylic acid, together with the above-mentioned other monomer, if necessary, in the presence of a radical polymerization initiator There is. Further, if necessary, the carboxyl group of the obtained polymer is converted into a group consisting of an alkali metal salt of a carboxylic acid or a group consisting of an ammonium carboxylate by an ion exchange method or the like, to give the polymer (B). It may be manufactured. [Detergent builder] The detergent builder according to the present invention contains the above-mentioned polymer (A) and polymer (B), and further contains other components described below as necessary.

The mixing ratio of the polymer (A) in the detergent builder is preferably from 5 to 95% by weight, more preferably from 20 to 80% by weight, based on the total amount of the polymer (A) and the polymer (B). preferable. If the blending ratio of the polymer (A) is less than 5% by weight, recontamination is likely to occur, and the biodegradability may decrease. On the other hand, when the blending ratio of the polymer (A) exceeds 95% by weight, the detergency decreases, and recontamination may easily occur.

The detergent builder of the present invention may contain other components. Other components include alkali builder such as silicate, carbonate and sulfate; chelate builder such as diglycolic acid, oxycarboxylate, EDTA (ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid), DTPA (diethylenetriaminehexaacetic acid) citric acid; Inhibitor; Other components such as zeolite may be contained, and one or more of these other components can be used.

The detergent builder of the present invention is a component to be added to a detergent composition described later together with a surfactant, and has excellent dispersibility and chelating ability and high detergency. During washing, the detergent builder keeps the pH of the aqueous solution containing the detergent composition constant, captures calcium ions and the like in the aqueous solution, and disperses the dirt peeled off from the laundry in the aqueous solution. It has a function of preventing re-adhesion to the laundry. [Detergent Composition] The detergent composition according to the present invention is a composition comprising a surfactant and the above-mentioned detergent builder.
The detergent composition may be a final detergent or an intermediate product.

As the surfactant used in the detergent composition, for example, the surfactant includes an anionic surfactant, a nonionic surfactant, a cationic surfactant, an amphoteric surfactant and the like. And one or more of them may be used. Examples of the anionic surfactant include alkyl benzene sulfonate, alkyl or alkenyl ether sulfate, alkyl or alkenyl sulfate, α-olefin sulfonate, α-sulfofatty acid or ester salt, alkane sulfonate, Examples thereof include unsaturated fatty acid salts, alkyl or alkenyl ether carboxylates, amino acid surfactants, N-acyl amino acid surfactants, alkyl or alkenyl phosphates and salts thereof.

Examples of the nonionic surfactant include polyoxyalkylene alkyl or alkenyl ether, polyoxyethylene alkyl phenyl ether, higher fatty acid alkanolamide or an alkylene oxide adduct thereof, sucrose fatty acid ester, alkyl glycooxide, and fatty acid glycerin. Monoester, alkylamine oxide and the like can be mentioned.

Examples of the cationic surfactant include a quaternary ammonium salt. Examples of the amphoteric surfactant include a carboxyl-type or sulfobetaine-type amphoteric surfactant. The mixing ratio of the surfactant used in the detergent composition of the present invention is not particularly limited.
-60% by weight is preferred, and 15-50% by weight is more preferred. When the compounding ratio of the surfactant is less than 10% by weight, the detergency against oil stains and the like may be reduced.
On the other hand, if it exceeds 60% by weight, it may be economically disadvantageous.

The mixing ratio of the surfactant used in the detergent composition is not particularly limited.
It is preferably from 0.1 to 60% by weight, more preferably from 3 to 30% by weight. If the compounding ratio of the detergent builder is less than 0.1% by weight, the detergency is reduced, and recontamination and yellowing may occur. On the other hand, if it exceeds 60% by weight, it may be economically disadvantageous.

The detergent composition according to the present invention may contain, if necessary, enzymes such as protease, (alkali) lipase, (alkali) cellulase, fluorescent agent, bleaching agent, fragrance, etc., in addition to the surfactant and the detergent builder. Other components may be contained, and one or more of these other components can be used. When the detergent composition comprises an enzyme,
As the enzyme, alkaline lipase or alkaline cellulase having high activity in an alkaline washing solution is preferable. Also,
The mixing ratio of the enzyme is preferably 0.01 to 5% by weight in the detergent composition. If the blending ratio of the enzyme is less than 0.01% by weight, sufficient detergent performance may not be exhibited. On the other hand,
If it exceeds 5% by weight, the economic efficiency may be reduced.

The detergent composition according to the present invention comprises a liquid detergent,
Any of powder detergents may be used.

[0050]

EXAMPLES Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to Examples and Comparative Examples, but the present invention is not limited thereto. “Parts” indicates “parts by weight”. -Example 1-Sodium polyglyoxylate (number average molecular weight 100,
000), 10 parts of an acrylic acid-maleic acid copolymer (number average molecular weight 60,000), 20 parts of zeolite,
A detergent builder was prepared by mixing 20 parts of sodium carbonate and 10 parts of sodium silicate. This detergent builder is mixed with 20 parts of sodium linear alkyl (12 to 16 carbon atoms) benzenesulfonate (LAS) and 10 parts of primary alcohol (12 to 16 carbon atoms) sodium sulfate (AS) to obtain a detergent composition. did.

With respect to the obtained detergent composition, a cleaning test and a recontamination test were performed by the following methods, and the cleaning ratio and the recontamination ratio were measured. Table 1 shows the results. [Detergency test and recontamination test] 8.3 myristic acid
Parts, 8.3 parts of kaleic acid, 8.3 parts of tristearin, 8.3 parts of triolein, cholesterol stearate.
1 part, paraffin wax (melting point: 48 to 50 ° C.) 5.5
Part, 5.5 parts of squalene, 4.4 parts of cholesterol, 0.6 part of carbon black and 49.7 parts of clay are prepared, and this artificial soil is dissolved and dispersed in carbon tetrachloride. After immersing a cotton cloth (No.60 cotton cloth specified by the Oil Chemistry Association) in a dirty bath, the cotton cloth is dried,
The pieces were cut into 10 cm × 10 cm pieces of cloth. Of these pieces of cloth, those having a reflectance in the range of 36 to 40% were designated as contaminated cloth, and those obtained by cutting cotton cloth into a size of 10 cm × 10 cm without being immersed in a dirt bath were designated as uncontaminated cloth. After measuring the reflectance of the unstained cloth, it was used for the following washing test and re-staining property test. Detergency test 25% so that the concentration of the detergent composition is 0.133%.
A test cloth (5 contaminated cloths and 5 non-contaminated cloths) was added to a detergent solution obtained by adding a detergent composition to 1000 ml of water at 4 ° C and 4 ° DH.
And 10 using a Terg-O-Tometer.
Washing was performed at 0 rpm for 10 minutes. Thereafter, the test cloth was rinsed for 3 minutes, dehydrated and dried, and the reflectance was measured. The cleaning rate was calculated according to the following equation.

Cleaning rate (%) = ｛(reflectance of contaminated cloth before cleaning−reflectance of contaminated cloth after cleaning) / (reflectance of contaminated cloth before cleaning−reflectance of uncontaminated cloth before cleaning) ｝ × 100 recontamination test In the above detergency test, replace the stained cloth with a new one, and use the same uncontaminated cloth for the detergency test five times. Was measured for reflectance. The recontamination rate was calculated according to the following equation.

Recontamination rate (%) = {1− (reflectance of uncontaminated cloth after washing 5 times−reflectance of uncontaminated cloth before washing)} × 10
0-Examples 2-3 and Comparative Examples 1-3-A detergent builder and a detergent composition were obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the components used were changed as shown in Table 1. . The obtained detergent composition was evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1. Table 1 shows the results.

[0054]

[Table 1]

Polymer (A1): sodium polyglyoxylate (number average molecular weight 100,000) Polymer (A2): glyoxylic acid-ethylene glycol block copolymer (number average molecular weight 50,000, glyoxylic acid / ethylene glycol ( (Polymerization ratio) = 5/5) Polymer (B1): acrylic acid-maleic acid copolymer (number average molecular weight 60,000) Polymer (B2): polyacrylic acid (number average molecular weight 10,
000)

[0056]

The detergent builder according to the present invention has a high detergency-enhancing ability and makes it less likely to cause recontamination. Since the detergent composition according to the present invention contains the detergent builder,
High detergency and no recontamination during washing.

Claims (7)

[Claims] 1. A polymer (A) having a glyoxylic acid structural unit represented by the following general formula (1) in a molecule and an unsaturated carboxylic acid structural unit represented by the following general formula (2) in a molecule: A detergent builder comprising a polymer (B). Embedded image (However, X is at least one selected from a hydrogen atom, an alkali metal atom and an ammonium group.) (Where X is at least one selected from a hydrogen atom, an alkali metal atom and an ammonium group; R ¹ is at least one selected from a hydrogen atom and a COOX group; R
² is at least one selected from a hydrogen atom, a methyl group and a CH ₂ COOX group. ) 2. The ratio of the polymer (A) to the total amount of the polymer (A) and the polymer (B) is 5 to 95% by weight.
The detergent builder according to claim 1, which is: 3. The detergent builder according to claim 1, wherein the ratio of the polymer (A) to the total amount of the polymer (A) and the polymer (B) is 20 to 80% by weight. 4. The detergent builder according to claim 1, wherein the proportion of the glyoxylic acid structural unit in the polymer (A) is 30% by weight or more. 5. The detergent builder according to claim 1, wherein the proportion of the unsaturated carboxylic acid structural unit in the polymer (B) is 50% by weight or more. 6. A block copolymer wherein the polymer (A) comprises a polyglyoxylic acid structural unit represented by the following general formula (3) and a polyalkylene glycol structural unit represented by the following general formula (4): The detergent builder according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein Embedded image (However, X is at least one selected from a hydrogen atom, an alkali metal atom and an ammonium group, and the average value of y is 10 or more.) (However, n is an integer of 2 to 4, and the average value of x is 5 or more.) 7. A detergent composition comprising a surfactant and the detergent builder according to any one of claims 1 to 6.