JPH1096461A - Differential device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a differential device to cope with variation of the gear ratio of a drive pinion without variation of an actuator and besides reduce the number of assembly man-hours. SOLUTION: A differential device comprises a differential case 1; a pinion shaft 7; a pinion gear 11; side gears 13 and 15; a drive cam 25 arranged on the side gear 15 side and having a dog clutch 31 between the side gear 15 and the drive cam; and a press member 37 arranged inside the outer peripheral part of the differential case 1 and pressing and moving the drive cam 25 through operation of the actuator 45. A switch 55 for detecting switching operation of the actuator 45 is engaged with the lower plate 51 of the actuator 45.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a differential device used for a vehicle or the like.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a conventional differential device of this type, for example, there is one as shown in FIGS.
FIGS. 5 and 6 show an example of a differential device similar to that described in Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 3-68659.

[0003] The differential case 1 of this differential device
01 is rotatably supported in the differential carrier.
A ring gear is fixed to the differential case 101 by bolts, and the ring gear meshes with a drive pinion 103 integrated with a drive shaft on the driving side.

[0004] A pinion shaft 105 is disposed substantially at the center of the differential case 101, and the pinion shaft 1
Reference numeral 05 denotes an end fixed to the differential case 101 via a dowel pin 107. A pinion gear 109 is rotatably supported on the pinion shaft 105, and left and right side gears 111 and 113 mesh with the pinion gear 109. Each side gear 111, 113 and differential case 1
Thrust washers 115 are respectively arranged between the end faces of the thrust washer 115 and the end face of the thrust washer 115.

[0005] The operation mechanism 117 is thus configured.

A recess 121 is provided in the right side wall 119 of the differential case 101, and the drive cam 1 is provided in the recess 121.
23 is disposed so as to be movable in the axial direction. A dog clutch 125 is formed between the left end of the drive cam 123 and the right end of the side gear 113. Drive cam 1
Between the drive gear 12 and the side gear 113.
A return spring 127 for urging the right side of the spring 3 is disposed. The right end of the differential case 101 is provided with three holes 129 penetrating the inside and outside.
1 is fixed by a bolt 133.

A ring-shaped actuator 135 is disposed on the right side of the pressure plate 131, and is fixed to the differential carrier by bolts. Actuator 135
Is supplied with fluid pressure from a pressure source via a control valve device. When fluid pressure is supplied to the pressure chamber 137 of the actuator 135, the diaphragm 139 bends to the left, and the drive cam 123 moves to the left via the pressure plate 131 against the urging force of the return spring 127. 125 mesh. When this pressure supply is stopped, the drive cam 123 returns to the right by the urging force of the return spring 127, and the dog clutch 125 is released.

Thus, the differential lock means 141 is constituted. A switch 143 for detecting operation switching of the actuator 135 is engaged with the outer peripheral portion of the pressure plate 131.

[0009]

However, in such a conventional differential device, the actuator 135 is connected to the drive cam 123 via a pressure plate 131, and the pressure plate 131
The drive cam 123 is actuated by means of a switch 143, and a switch 143 for detecting the operation switching of the actuator 135 is provided on the outer periphery of the pressure plate 131.
, The gap A between the pressure plate 131 and the drive pinion 103 was severe. Therefore, when the gear ratio of the drive pinion 103 changes, the outer diameter of the drive pinion 103 may increase, and in this case, the gap A between the drive pinion 103 and the pressure plate 131 becomes more severe, so that the pressure plate 131 and the actuator 135 are reduced in size. Will have to be changed.

Further, since the pressure plate 131 is fixed to the drive cam 123 by the six bolts 133, the number of assembling steps is increased.

The present invention has been made to solve such a conventional problem, and an object thereof is to cope with a change in a gear ratio of a drive pinion without changing an actuator. Further, it is an object of the present invention to provide a differential device capable of reducing the number of assembling steps.

[0012]

Means for Solving the Problems In order to achieve the above object, an invention according to claim 1 includes a differential case that rotates by receiving a driving force, a pinion shaft that rotates integrally with the differential case, and a pinion shaft. A pinion gear rotatably supported, a pair of side gears meshing with the pinion gear, and a side gear side engaged with a differential case movably in the axial direction, and a dog clutch between the side gear and a side gear receiving the movement operation. A drive cam, which is connected to the relative rotation non-rotatable, and a pressing member which is disposed inside the outer peripheral portion of the differential case and presses and moves the drive cam in the clutch engagement direction by operation of the actuator, and an actuator which slides with the pressing member. A switch for detecting actuator operation switching is engaged with the integrated lower plate. To.

Therefore, the pressing member for pressing and moving the drive cam in the clutch engaging direction is disposed inside the outer peripheral portion of the differential case, and the switch for detecting the operation switching of the actuator is engaged with the lower plate of the actuator. Pinion space can be secured.

Thus, the gear ratio of the drive pinion can be changed to cope with a case where the outer diameter of the drive pinion becomes large without changing the actuator.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided the differential device according to the first aspect, wherein the pressing member is axially movable in an axial pin hole formed in a side wall of the differential case and penetrating inside and outside. Characterized in that it is a slide pin provided in the above.

Therefore, the space for the drive pinion can be ensured, so that the same operation as that of the first aspect can be obtained, and the conventional pressure plate can be eliminated, so that the pressure plate is fixed to the drive cam. Bolts can be eliminated, and the number of assembly steps can be reduced.

[0017]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 1 is a sectional view of the differential device of the present embodiment, and FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line II-II of FIG. The left and right directions are the left and right directions in FIG. In addition, members and the like without reference numerals are not shown.

The differential case 1 is rotatably supported in a differential carrier. A ring gear is fixed to the differential case 1 by bolts, and the ring gear meshes with a drive pinion 3 integrated with a drive shaft on the driving side. The differential case 1 is rotationally driven by the driving force from the engine.

The differential case 1 comprises a case body 1a and a case cover 1b, which are integrally fastened by bolts 5.

A pinion shaft 7 is arranged at a substantially central portion in the differential case 1, and the end of the pinion shaft 7 is fixed to the differential case 1 via a dowel pin 9. A pinion gear 11 is rotatably supported on the pinion shaft 7, and left and right side gears 13 and 15 mesh with the pinion gear 11. Each side gear 13,1
5 and the end face of the differential case 1 have a thrust washer 1
7 are arranged respectively.

Thus, the differential mechanism 19 is configured.

Each of the side gears 13 and 15 is splined to the rear axle.

Therefore, when the differential case 1 is rotated by the driving force from the engine, this rotation is caused by the rotation of the pinion shaft 7.
Through the pinion gear 11 and the side gears 13 and 15 to the left and right rear axles. When a driving resistance difference occurs between the left and right axles, that is, when a differential rotation occurs between the left and right side gears 13 and 15, the side gear 1
A frictional resistance between the side gears 13 and 15 and the thrust washer 17 is generated by the meshing thrust force between the pinion gears 3 and 15 and the differential limiting force is applied.

The right side wall 21 of the differential case 1 is provided with a concave portion 23, in which a drive cam 25 is disposed so as to be movable in the axial direction. The drive cam 25 is always connected to the differential case 1 by engaging a convex portion 29 with an axial lug groove 27 provided inside the differential case 1. The lug groove 27 also serves as a guide when assembling the drive cam 25 into the differential case 1.

A dog clutch 31 is formed between the right end of the drive cam 25 and the left end of the right side gear 15. The dog clutch 31 is engaged when the drive cam 25 moves to the left, and is released when the drive cam 25 moves to the right.

Accordingly, when the dog clutch 31 is engaged, the differential function of the differential mechanism 19 is stopped, and the differential lock state is established.

A return spring 33 for urging the drive cam 25 rightward is arranged between the drive cam 25 and the side gear 15.

On the left end side of the differential case 1, a pin hole 35 is provided at an extended position of the lug groove 27 to communicate the inside and the outside. The pin hole 35 is formed as a two-stage hole including the concave portion 23 and having a left small-diameter portion 35a and a right large-diameter portion 35b. A slide pin 3 as a pressing member is provided in the pin hole 35.
7 is arranged so as to be movable in the axial direction. Slide pin 3
Reference numeral 7 comprises a small diameter portion 37a and a large diameter portion 37b, and the step 39 is engaged with the projection 29 of the drive cam 25. The slide pin 37 has an axial lubricating oil hole 41.
And a radial lubricating oil groove 43 communicating with the lubricating oil hole 41.
Are formed to lubricate the sliding portion.

On the right side of the slide pin 37, a ring-shaped actuator 45 is arranged and fixed to the differential carrier.

The actuator 45 includes a diaphragm 49 hermetically bonded to the outer and inner peripheral portions of the cover 47, and a lower plate 51 that sandwiches a substantially central portion of the diaphragm 49 between the cover 47 and the lower plate 51. A pressure chamber 53 is formed between the pressure chamber 53 and the diaphragm 49. Fluid pressure is supplied to the pressure chamber 53 via a control valve device.

An engagement portion 57 for engaging a switch 55 for detecting operation switching of the actuator 45 is provided on an outer peripheral portion of the lower plate 51.

A small-diameter portion 59 is provided at the left end of the slide pin 37, and the small-diameter portion 59 is engaged with a concave portion 61 formed substantially at the center of the lower plate 51. As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 3, a spring 65 with a small pressing load is interposed between the cover 47 and the lower plate 51 via the convex stem 63, and the lower plate 51 is connected to the drive cam 25. Can be turned on and off.

When the fluid pressure is supplied to the pressure chamber 53 of the actuator 45, the diaphragm 49 bends to the left, and moves the slide pin 37 to the left via the lower plate 51. The movement of the slide pin 37 pushes the drive cam 25 to the left, moves to the left against the urging force of the return spring 33, and engages the dog clutch 31. When this pressure supply is stopped, the drive cam 25 and the slide pin 37 return to the right by the urging force of the return spring 33, and the dog clutch 31 is released. At this time, since the dog clutch 31 has a pressure angle, the dog clutch 31 is smoothly opened.

The actuator 4 of such a control valve device
The operation is automatically performed by the detection signal of the switch 55 for detecting the operation switching of No. 5. The operation of the control valve device can also be performed by manual operation from the driver's seat.

Thus, the differential lock means 67 is constituted.

As described above, according to the first embodiment, since the drive cam 25 is pressed and moved by the slide pin 37, the conventional pressure plate can be eliminated. As a result, the space for the drive pinion 3 can be secured, so that the gear ratio of the drive pinion 3 is changed,
Even when the outer diameter of the drive pinion 3 becomes large, it can be dealt with without changing the actuator 45.

Further, by eliminating the pressure plate, the pressure plate can be used as a drive cam 25.
Can be eliminated, so that the number of assembly steps can be reduced.

Since the switch 55 for detecting the operation switching of the actuator 45 is engaged with the engaging portion 57 provided on the lower plate 51 of the actuator 45, there is no relative rotation between the switch 55 and the engaging portion 57. . This allows
A normal ON / OFF switch can be used as the operation switching detection switch 55, so that the cost can be reduced.

Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the differential device of the present embodiment. The left and right directions are the left and right directions in FIG. In addition, members and the like without reference numerals are not shown. Hereinafter, differences from the first embodiment will be described. Note that members having the same functions as in the first embodiment are given the same reference numerals,
A duplicate description is omitted.

The right side wall 21 of the differential case 1 is provided with a concave portion 23, in which a drive cam 25 is disposed so as to be movable in the axial direction. The drive cam 25 is always connected to the differential case 1.

At the right end side of the differential case 1, there is provided a hole 67 including the recess 23 and penetrating inside and outside.
Through the drive cam 25 and the pressure plate 6
9 is fixed by bolts 71.

The outer peripheral portion of the pressure plate 69 is formed to have at least the same diameter as the outer peripheral portion of the differential case 1.

An engaging portion 57 for engaging a switch 55 for switching the operation of the actuator 45 is provided on the outer peripheral portion of the lower plate 51 of the actuator 45.

Thus, according to the second embodiment, the pressure plate 6 for pressing and moving the drive cam 25
9 is formed to have at least the same diameter as the outer peripheral portion of the differential case 1, and the switch 55 for detecting the operation switching of the actuator 45 is engaged with the engaging portion 57 provided on the lower plate 51 of the actuator 45. , Drive pinion 3
Space can be secured. Thus, even when the gear ratio of the drive pinion 3 is changed and the outer diameter of the drive pinion 3 is increased, it is possible to cope without changing the actuator 45.

[0045]

As is apparent from the above description, according to the first aspect of the present invention, the pressing member for pressing and moving the drive cam in the clutch engagement direction is disposed inside the outer peripheral portion of the differential case, and Since the operation switching detection switch is engaged with the lower plate of the actuator, a space for the drive pinion can be secured.

Therefore, the gear ratio of the drive pinion can be changed to cope with a case where the outer diameter of the drive pinion becomes large without changing the actuator.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, since the pressing member is a slide pin, a space for the drive pinion can be secured, and the same effect as that of the first aspect can be obtained. Since the plate can be eliminated, the bolt for mounting the pressure plate can be eliminated and the number of assembling steps can be reduced.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a first embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line II-II of FIG.

FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of an actuator section.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view of a second embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a sectional view of a conventional example.

FIG. 6 is a sectional view taken along line VV of FIG. 5;

[Explanation of symbols]

 Reference Signs List 1 differential case 3 drive pinion 7 pinion shaft 11 pinion gear 13, 15 side gear 21 right side wall (side wall part) 25 drive cam 31 dog clutch 35 pin hole 37 slide pin (pressing member) 45 actuator 51 lower plate 55 switch 69 pressure plate (pressing member)

Claims (2)

[Claims] A differential case that rotates upon receiving a driving force;
A pinion shaft that rotates integrally with the differential case, a pinion gear rotatably supported by the pinion shaft, a pair of side gears that mesh with the pinion gear, and a side gear that is axially movably engaged with the differential case and engages with the side gear. A drive cam that has a dog clutch between them and receives the moving operation to connect the side gears so that they cannot rotate relative to each other, and a push that is disposed inside the outer periphery of the differential case and pushes and moves the drive cam in the clutch engagement direction by the operation of the actuator. And a switch for detecting actuator operation switching is engaged with a lower plate integrated with the actuator that slides with the pressing member. 2. The differential device according to claim 1, wherein the pressing member is a slide pin provided in an axial pin hole formed in a side wall of the differential case and extending through the inside and outside so as to be movable in the axial direction. A differential device, characterized in that: