JPH1094904A - Throw-away cutting tool - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To cover the breaking and discharging of the chips in the wide range, by forming the discharge openings of the coolant liquid at a specific angle extent on an extended line of a ridge line of a cutting blade, or inside thereof. SOLUTION: A coolant is injected from a hole of a throw-away chip 3 with hole, or a direction escaped from a clasp screw 9. One of the coolant discharging openings 17 is opened on an extended line of the other cutting blade or inside thereof in an extent that delta is within 25 deg.. The other discharge opening 17 is opened on the extended line of a ridge line of the other cutting blade, or inside thereof in an extent that delta is 25 deg., so that the coolant is injected toward the left and right cutting blades 6 simultaneously. An injecting direction of the coolant is determined in consideration of the cooling near the cutting point, and the breaking and discharging of the chips.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a throw-away type for improving chip disposability in machining in which a cutting point and a chip discharge direction change, such as copying, in turning performed by spraying a coolant. It is about bytes.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a first prior art, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open
Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 508936 discloses a tool holder assembly including a nozzle capable of adjusting an optimum injection position of a coolant and a coolant supply method. Adjustment of the coolant injection position is performed by projecting a threaded nozzle head and rotating the nozzle head. Protruding the nozzle head is for adjusting the ejection position in the axial direction of the work piece, and rotating the nozzle head is for adjusting the ejection angle. The publication is particularly useful in combination with a tool holder having a throw-away tip for performing cutting operations such as deep grooving, thread cutting and the like.

As a second prior art, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 6-126
There is a tool body disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 510 in which a coolant discharge port is formed. In machining by the conventional coolant supply method, coolant may not reach the cutting point due to obstruction of chips flowing out during machining or the like, and the tip end of the throw-away tip may be heated to shorten the tool life. Therefore, this publication discloses that a flow path is formed inside the holder main body so that the coolant can be supplied to the rake face of the throw-away tip, and that the coolant can be jetted from a discharge port provided at a protruding portion of the holder main body, so that chips can be removed. The cutting edge is continuously cooled without any hindrance, so that the tool life can be extended.

[0004]

The problems of the prior art are described below. The first conventional technique is for supplying a coolant mainly in a direction perpendicular to a rotation axis of a work material. Although the direction of coolant injection can be adjusted by adjusting the nozzle head, the adjustment range of the workpiece in the axial direction is narrow. Therefore, the processing method described in this publication is intended for processing in which the chip is made to flow in a direction perpendicular to the rotation axis of the work material, grooving, chipping-out, and the like, in which chip discharge direction is limited. It is. This area is
Since this is an area where chip processing is more difficult than in the past, the role played by this publication is significant. However, an actual product often has a complicated shape, and this publication is inconvenient in a copying method in which the chip discharge direction is undefined. Furthermore, if the injection distance from the discharge port to the cutting point is shortened in order to reduce the pressure loss of the coolant, the injection angle of the coolant increases, which is disadvantageous for breaking chips. In addition, it is necessary to adjust the injection position of the nozzle every time the throw-away tip is replaced, and the setup is troublesome.

In the second prior art, the supply of the cooling liquid suppresses a rise in the temperature of the cutting edge, thereby extending the tool life. The role of the coolant supply is to improve the chip controllability, the tool life, and the machining accuracy. However, according to studies in various fields, regarding the tool life, the life may be shortened, and there are differences in views. One of the reasons for shortening the tool life is that the cutting temperature decreases due to excessive cooling. This is very similar to the form of brittle damage of the tool that occurs when used at lower cutting speeds than the recommended cutting speed range of the throw-away insert. The higher the coolant pressure, the lower the cutting temperature, so brittle damage is more severe and tool life is reduced. Therefore, in order to extend the tool life, it is important to perform cutting at a speed higher than the cutting speed range when no coolant is supplied.
Further, in this publication, a coolant discharge port is formed at one place in a tool body. If there is only one outlet,
Since the injection position of the coolant is fixed at one point, there is no effect in breaking and discharging chips when machining in which the chip outflow direction changes, and it becomes difficult to process chips. When continuous operation is performed by an automated machine tool or the like, there is a change in a chip outflow direction due to an increase in tool wear, which may cause a chip trouble or a machine trouble. As described above, the one having one coolant discharge port has a very narrow chip processing range, and may not be able to cope with processing in which the cutting point changes such as copying. Also, since the coolant is injected in the direction of the bisector of the cutting edge,
In some cases, the coolant does not reach the cutting point and the cooling effect cannot be obtained. Furthermore, when high-pressure coolant is directly injected into the rake face of the indexable insert,
A minute vibration is induced at the tip of the cutting edge, which may shorten the tool life or deteriorate the machining accuracy.

[0006]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and has a tool body having a detachable tip attached to one end of a tool body detachably, and a tip portion adjacent to a tip corner. The cutting edge has a blade shape that is used for cutting, a coolant hole is drilled inside the tool body, and a coolant outlet is provided toward the rake face of the indexable insert. In a pull-away type cutting tool formed so as to open at least two places, one of the discharge ports of the coolant liquid is in a plan view, on an extension of the ridge line of one of the cutting edges or inward thereof within 25 °. And one of the coolant discharge ports is open within 25 ° on the extension of the ridge line of the other cutting edge or inward thereof.

A notch step is formed on the rake face of the tool body, one end of the coolant hole is opened at the notch step, and an inflow port and a discharge port communicating with this opening are formed. The nozzle component is mounted on the notch step.

Further, a part of the nozzle part is mounted on the rake face of the throw-away tip so as to hang over, so that the discharge port of the coolant and the cutting edge can be approached. It is characterized by the following.

[0009]

FIG. 1 shows an example of an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 (a) is a perspective view for explaining a component configuration of a throw-away type cutting tool, and FIG. 1 (b) is an assembly view thereof. 2
FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a state in which a coolant is supplied to a cutting point, and FIG.
FIG. 4 is a view for explaining the injection direction of the coolant in a plan view of the throw-away tip, FIG. 4 shows another example of the embodiment of the present invention, (a) is a front view thereof, and (b) is a view thereof. FIG. 5C is a plan view, FIG. 5C is a side view, and FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing still another example of the embodiment of the present invention.

FIGS. 1 and 3 show a throw-away type cutting tool provided with a nozzle part 1 having a hole diameter of φ1.5 mm for internal profiling. The indexable cutting tool is made up of three basic parts, and is composed of an indexable insert 3, a tool body 4, and a nozzle part 1. As the indexable insert 3, an approximately rhombic or approximately triangular-shaped one capable of coping with a changing cutting point or the like is mainly used. The indexable insert 3 with a hole is provided with a tip mounting seat 8 at a notch at the end of the tool body 4.
And is mounted detachably by the clamp screw 9 through the hole without lowering the seating rigidity. Since the head of the clamp screw 9 is lower than the rake face 5 of the throw-away tip 3, it does not become an obstacle when injecting the coolant.

The nozzle part 1 is mounted on a notch step 10 behind the chip mounting seat 8, and two screws drilled in a step bottom surface 14 a through a mounting hole 11 penetrating the nozzle part 1. It is detachably mounted by tightening the clamp screw 2 screwed into the hole 12. Nozzle component rear end surface 13a
Are fixed to the stepped wall surface 14b via the O-ring 21, so that the coolant is not leaked and is provided inside the flow passage 15 provided inside the tool body 4 and the nozzle 1 having the oil hole. The communication channel 16 is communicated. A discharge port 17 for injecting a coolant toward the side edge cutting edge 6 of the throw-away tip 3 is formed in a tip end surface 13b of the nozzle 1 with an oil hole. As shown in FIG. 3, the flow path 16 from the inflow port 18 to the discharge port 17
Are formed to branch. Further, the portion of the discharge port 17 of the nozzle component 1 is placed so as to overhang on the rake face 5 of the throw-away tip 3 so that the discharge port 17 and the cutting edge are close to each other. The pressure loss associated with the coolant discharge is small, and the impact force of the high-pressure coolant on the chips X is maintained.

FIG. 2 shows a state in which coolant is supplied to the cutting point. In the conventional method P, from the position above the rake face 5, the cutting edge 20
Since the coolant is injected, an impact force is directly applied to the cutting edge 20. Since the impact force of the coolant is proportional to the pressure, the impact force increases as the pressure increases, and in light-load machining, such as finishing, which determines the final shape of the product, the impact force of the coolant on the cutting force Cannot be ignored. In such a case, micro-vibration may be induced in the cutting edge 20 to shorten the tool life or deteriorate the dimensional accuracy of the product. Therefore, the coolant is sprayed from a direction Q parallel to the rake face 5 of the throw-away tip 3 or from a low position with respect to the rake face 5 toward the rear of the chip slightly above the cutting point, thereby obtaining the throw-away tip. For 3, the impact force of the coolant is reduced, and it is possible to avoid the possibility of deterioration of tool damage and deterioration of machining accuracy due to induction of minute vibration. The impact force of the coolant can be more effectively applied to the chips X.

FIG. 3 shows the injection direction of the coolant when the throw-away tip 3 is viewed in plan. The coolant is injected from a direction avoiding the hole of the indexable insert 3 or the clamp-on screw 9. One of the coolant outlets 17 is opened on the extension of or inside the other cutting edge in a range where δ is within 25 °, and one of the other outlets 17 is formed by the ridge of the other cutting edge. The opening is formed within the range of 25 ° on the extension or inside thereof, and the coolant is sprayed toward the left and right cutting edges 6 at the same time. The coolant injection direction also takes into account cooling near the cutting point and breakage and discharge of chips. As for cooling near the cutting point, as δ is smaller, the length of the cutting edge cooled by the coolant becomes longer, and the cooling performance is improved.
The larger the is, the larger the area that can cover the outflowing chips. The injection direction of the coolant is also designed to maintain the balance between the two.

FIGS. 4 and 5 show other examples of the embodiment of the present invention, and the same parts as those described above are denoted by the same reference numerals. FIG. 4 shows a square tool body 4 for outer diameter copying, which is used by being attached to a tool rest of a turning machine tool. The tool body 4 is also an example in which a lever lock type clamping mechanism is employed, and a part of the nozzle component is not overhanged on the rake face so that the throw-away tip 3 can be attached and detached. Things. The same effects as those of the above-described embodiment can be obtained for the holder body 4 as well. FIG. 5 shows a configuration in which the number of discharge ports of the nozzle component is three, and the coolant can be sprayed toward two edge cutting edges 6 forming a cutting edge and a corner cutting edge 7 sandwiched therebetween. By spraying from three directions, the vicinity of the cutting point can be covered in multiple points, so that more effective liquid spraying can be performed. Also in this nozzle component 1, the same effect as in the example of the embodiment can be obtained.

[0015]

As described above, the indexable cutting tool according to the present invention is capable of covering a wide range of chip breakage and discharge caused by coolant injection. In the processing in which the chip outflow direction changes, such as the profiling processing, the chip disposability can be improved without adjusting the nozzle. Further, the cooling effect at the cutting point can be enhanced without the supply of the coolant to the cutting edge being hindered by the chips flowing out.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIGS. 1A and 1B show an example of an embodiment of the present invention, in which FIG. 1A is a perspective view illustrating a component configuration of a throw-away tool, and FIG. 1B is an assembly view thereof.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a state in which coolant is supplied to a cutting point.

FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a coolant ejection direction of the throw-away tip in a plan view.

4A and 4B show another example of the embodiment of the present invention, in which FIG. 4A is a front view, FIG. 4B is a plan view, and FIG. 4C is a side view.

FIG. 5 is a perspective view illustrating still another example of the embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Nozzle part 3 Throw-away tip 4 Tool body 15 Flow path of tool body 16 Flow path of nozzle part 17 Discharge port 18 Inlet X Chip

Claims (3)

[Claims] An end of a tool body is removably mounted at one end thereof, and has a blade shape at its tip end where two cutting edges adjacent to a tip corner are used for cutting, In a throw-away type cutting tool in which a coolant hole is formed inside the tool body so that at least two discharge ports of the coolant liquid are opened toward the rake face of the throw-away tip, One of the coolant discharge ports is open in an area within 25 ° on or in extension of the ridge line of one of the cutting edges in plan view, and one of the coolant discharge ports is the other. 25 above or below the ridgeline of the cutting edge
A throw away type cutting tool characterized by being open within the range of ゜. 2. A notch step is formed on a rake face of the tool main body, and one end of a coolant hole is opened at the notch step, and an inflow port and a discharge port communicating with the opening are formed. The indexable cutting tool according to claim 1, wherein a nozzle component having the cutting tool is placed on the notch step. 3. A part of the nozzle part is mounted on the rake face of the throw-away tip so as to hang over, so that the discharge port of the coolant and the cutting edge can be approached. Claim 1 and Claim 2
The throw-away tool described in.