JPH1088285A - Molybdenum-containing ferritic stainless steel excellent in oxide scale peeling resistance - Google Patents
Molybdenum-containing ferritic stainless steel excellent in oxide scale peeling resistanceInfo
- Publication number
- JPH1088285A JPH1088285A JP24384196A JP24384196A JPH1088285A JP H1088285 A JPH1088285 A JP H1088285A JP 24384196 A JP24384196 A JP 24384196A JP 24384196 A JP24384196 A JP 24384196A JP H1088285 A JPH1088285 A JP H1088285A
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- stainless steel
- ferritic stainless
- oxide scale
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- Exhaust Silencers (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【0001】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、マフラー、エキゾ
ーストマニホールド等の自動車排気系部材に用いられる
ものとして有用な、耐酸化スケール剥離性に優れたMo含
有フェライト系ステンレス鋼に関するものである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a Mo-containing ferritic stainless steel having excellent oxidation scale peeling resistance, which is useful as an exhaust system member for automobiles such as a muffler and an exhaust manifold.
【0002】[0002]
【従来の技術】自動車の排気系部材には、耐食性、耐酸
化性に優れたステンレス鋼が多く使用されている。特
に、エキゾーストマニホールド等、温度が1000℃程度ま
で上昇する部位については、昇、降温を繰り返してもス
ケールの剥離が少ないフェライト系ステンレス鋼を使用
するのが普通である。また、このような部位は、耐酸化
性とともに高い高温強度をも必要としており、そのため
に、鋼中にMoやNbを積極的に添加することで高温強度を
高めたフェライト系ステンレス鋼も提案されている。た
とえば、特開平 6−100990号公報や特開平 6−136488号
公報に開示の鋼がそれである。2. Description of the Related Art Stainless steel excellent in corrosion resistance and oxidation resistance is often used for exhaust system members of automobiles. Particularly, for a portion where the temperature rises to about 1000 ° C., such as an exhaust manifold, it is common to use a ferritic stainless steel in which the scale does not peel off even when the temperature is repeatedly increased and decreased. In addition, such parts require high high-temperature strength as well as oxidation resistance.For this reason, ferritic stainless steels with increased high-temperature strength by actively adding Mo or Nb to steel have been proposed. ing. For example, the steel disclosed in JP-A-6-100990 and JP-A-6-136488 is such a steel.
【0003】これらの刊行物の記載によれば、Mo含有量
が増加すると、耐酸化性が向上することが明らかであ
る。つまり、Mo含有量が増加すると高温酸化における酸
化増量が減少するのである。しかしながら、このMo含有
量の増加は酸化スケールの剥離を促進するために、むし
ろ不利である。とくに、繰り返し酸化を受ける状況下で
は材料の減肉を誘発することが懸念される。[0003] According to the descriptions of these publications, it is clear that the oxidation resistance improves as the Mo content increases. That is, when the Mo content increases, the oxidation increase in high-temperature oxidation decreases. However, this increase in Mo content is rather disadvantageous because it promotes the exfoliation of the oxide scale. In particular, there is a concern that the material may be reduced in thickness under repeated oxidation.
【0004】[0004]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】以上説明したように、
フェライト系ステンレス鋼が現在抱えている上述した問
題に対し、こうした問題を克服することが、この鋼を自
動車排気系部材として適用するために必要である。そこ
で、本発明の主たる目的は、自動車排気系部材用として
好適な、フェライト系ステンレス鋼を提供することにあ
る。本発明の他の目的は、高い高温強度を付与するため
にMoを含有したフェライト系ステンレス鋼について、そ
れの耐酸化スケール剥離性を改善することにある。As described above,
Overcoming the above-mentioned problems that ferritic stainless steels have at present, it is necessary to overcome these problems in order to apply this steel as an automobile exhaust system member. Therefore, a main object of the present invention is to provide a ferritic stainless steel suitable for use in automobile exhaust system members. Another object of the present invention is to improve the oxidation scale peeling resistance of a ferrite stainless steel containing Mo for imparting high high-temperature strength.
【0005】[0005]
【課題を解決するための手段】さて、発明者らは、上記
の課題解決のために、スケール剥離量に及ぼすMo含有量
とSi含有量の関係に着目して研究を進めた結果、市販レ
ベルのフェライト系ステンレス鋼に含まれるSi含有量を
もっと低減させることにより、酸化スケール剥離量が著
しく低減することを知見した。とくに、Mo含有量を増加
させた場合には、Siの含有量をさらに低減する必要があ
ることがわかった。要するに、このSiとMoとは、単にこ
れらの合計含有量を調整すればよいというのではなく、
少なくともいずれか一方の成分を調整成分として、他の
成分量との関連においてスケール剥離性を制御すること
が有効であることから、その積算量で制御することにし
たのである。Means for Solving the Problems In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the inventors of the present invention focused on the relationship between the Mo content and the Si content on the amount of scale exfoliation, and as a result, obtained a commercially available product. It was found that by further reducing the Si content in the ferritic stainless steel, the amount of oxide scale peeling was significantly reduced. In particular, it was found that when the Mo content was increased, the Si content had to be further reduced. In short, this Si and Mo are not just to adjust their total content,
Since it is effective to control at least one of the components as an adjustment component and to control the scale releasability in relation to the other component amounts, the control is performed by the integrated amount.
【0006】このような知見に基づき、本発明では、
C:0.025 wt%以下、Si:0.10wt%以下、Mn:0.50wt%
以下、Cr:16.0〜25.0wt%、Ni:0.60wt%以下、Mo:0.
50〜3.00wt%、Cu:0.50wt%以下、N:0.03wt%以下、
P:0.030 wt%以下、S:0.010 wt%以下および、Nbま
たはTi, Zrのいずれか1種または2種以上を下記式; 8× (wt%C+wt%N) ≦wt%Nb+wt%Ti+wt%Zr≦1.
00wt% の関係を満足するように含有し、かつSiとMoを下記式; (wt%Si) × (wt%Mo) ≦0.15 の関係を満足するように含有し、残部がFeおよび不可避
的不純物からなることを特徴とする耐スケール剥離性に
優れたMo含有フェライト系ステンレス鋼を提供する。Based on these findings, the present invention provides:
C: 0.025 wt% or less, Si: 0.10 wt% or less, Mn: 0.50 wt%
Below, Cr: 16.0-25.0 wt%, Ni: 0.60 wt% or less, Mo: 0.
50 to 3.00 wt%, Cu: 0.50 wt% or less, N: 0.03 wt% or less,
P: 0.030 wt% or less, S: 0.010 wt% or less, and Nb or any one or more of Ti and Zr represented by the following formula: 8 × (wt% C + wt% N) ≦ wt% Nb + wt% Ti + wt% Zr ≦ 1.
(Wt% Si) × (wt% Mo) ≦ 0.15, the balance being Fe and unavoidable impurities. The present invention provides a Mo-containing ferritic stainless steel having excellent scale peeling resistance, characterized by comprising:
【0007】[0007]
【発明の実施の形態】まず、本発明鋼を開発するに至っ
た実験の結果を通じ、本発明の基本的な考え方について
説明する。供試材として表1に示す18Cr−0.5 〜3Mo −
0.4Nb フェライト系ステンレス鋼を基本として、Si×Mo
の積算含有量を変化させたものを、1000℃において2時
間加熱し10分間空冷する処理を繰り返す酸化試験 (加熱
総時間 200時間) を実施し、スケール剥離量 (mg/cm2)
を測定した。その結果を図1に示す。図1に明らかなと
おり、スケール剥離量が 0.1mg/cm2以下になる領域はほ
ぼ (wt%Si) × (wt%Mo) ≦0.15を満足する範囲内であ
る。もし、Si×Moの含有量がこれ以外の範囲にあると、
スケール剥離が著しく増加する。従って、フェライト系
ステンレス鋼の酸化スケールの剥離を低減するには、Mo
とSiの積算含有量を規制し、特にMo含有量が高い場合に
は、Si含有量を低減させることが必要であることが有効
でる。この理由は、Mo, Siともに連続加熱下では保護性
を有するCr2O3 とともに耐酸化性の向上に寄与するが、
特にSi酸化物とCr 2O3 との密着性が悪く、このことが繰
り返し加熱条件下での剥離に繋がるものと考えられる。DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS First, the steel of the present invention was developed.
Of the basic concept of the present invention through the results of experiments
explain. As test materials, 18Cr-0.5 to 3Mo- shown in Table 1
0.4Nb Ferrite stainless steel, Si × Mo
At 1000 ° C for 2 hours with the integrated content of
Oxidation test (heating for 10 minutes and air cooling for 10 minutes)
(Total time 200 hours), and the scale release amount (mg / cmTwo)
Was measured. The result is shown in FIG. Figure 1 shows that
And the scale release amount is 0.1mg / cmTwoThe area below
(Wt% Si) × (wt% Mo) ≤0.15
You. If the content of Si x Mo is outside this range,
Scale detachment is significantly increased. Therefore, ferrite-based
To reduce the separation of stainless steel oxide scale, use Mo
And the integrated content of Si, especially when the Mo content is high
Is effective that it is necessary to reduce the Si content
Out. The reason is that both Mo and Si are protective under continuous heating.
Cr withTwoOThreeContributes to the improvement of oxidation resistance,
Especially Si oxide and Cr TwoOThreeAdhesion to the
It is considered that this leads to peeling under repeated heating conditions.
【0008】次に、本発明における各成分の作用と含有
量の限定理由を説明する。 C:0.025 wt%以下 Cは、フェライト系ステンレス鋼において耐酸化性を劣
化させる元素であるから低減する必要がある。しかし、
極端な低減は製造コストの上昇を招くので、その含有量
を0.025 wt%以下とした。好ましくは0.020 wt%以下と
する。Next, the action of each component and the reason for limiting the content in the present invention will be described. C: 0.025 wt% or less C must be reduced because it is an element that deteriorates oxidation resistance in ferritic stainless steel. But,
Since an extreme reduction leads to an increase in production cost, the content is set to 0.025 wt% or less. Preferably, the content is 0.020 wt% or less.
【0009】Si:0.10wt%以下 Siは、本発明において最も重要な役割を担う元素であ
る。一般的にはSiは、耐酸化性を向上させる元素として
知られているが、それは酸化増量を抑える効果であっ
て、本発明のような酸化スケールの剥離を抑制する作用
に対しても有効かというとそうではない。Siの作用によ
って酸化スケールの剥離を抑制させるためには、図1に
示すように、Si含有量を0.10wt%以下にすることが必要
である。好ましくは0.05wt%以下である。Si: 0.10 wt% or less Si is an element which plays the most important role in the present invention. In general, Si is known as an element that improves oxidation resistance, but it has the effect of suppressing the increase in oxidation, and is also effective for the effect of suppressing the separation of oxide scale as in the present invention. Not really. In order to suppress the separation of the oxide scale by the action of Si, as shown in FIG. 1, the Si content needs to be 0.10 wt% or less. Preferably it is 0.05 wt% or less.
【0010】Mn:0.50wt%以下 Mnは、耐酸化性に有害な元素であるので、その含有量は
低い方が望ましいが、極端な低減は製造コストを上昇さ
せるので、その含有量を0.50wt%以下とした。Mn: 0.50 wt% or less Since Mn is an element harmful to oxidation resistance, its content is desirably low, but an extreme reduction increases the production cost. % Or less.
【0011】P:0.030 wt%以下 Pは、製鋼精錬時に主として原料から混入してくる不純
物であり、含有量が高くなると耐酸化性が劣化するの
で、その含有量を0.030 wt%以下とした。P: 0.030 wt% or less P is an impurity mainly mixed in from the raw material during steelmaking and refining. If the content is high, the oxidation resistance is deteriorated. Therefore, the content of P is set to 0.030 wt% or less.
【0012】S:0.010 wt%以下 Sは、溶接性を向上させる元素であるが、極端な添加は
MnSを形成し、これを起点として異常酸化を誘発するの
で、その含有量を0.010 wt%以下とした。S: 0.010 wt% or less S is an element that improves the weldability,
Since MnS is formed and abnormal oxidation is induced from this starting point, the content is set to 0.010 wt% or less.
【0013】Ni:0.60wt%以下 Niは、耐酸化性にはとくに影響を与えないが、0.60wt%
以上になると鋼の硬度を増し加工性を劣化させるので、
その含有量を0.60wt%以下とした。好ましくは0.01〜0.
30wt%とする。Ni: 0.60 wt% or less Ni does not particularly affect oxidation resistance, but 0.60 wt%.
Above this will increase the hardness of the steel and degrade the workability,
The content was set to 0.60 wt% or less. Preferably 0.01-0.
30 wt%.
【0014】Cr:16.0〜25.0wt% Crは、保護性のあるCr2O3 を形成し耐酸化性を向上させ
る元素であり、少なくとも16.0wt%以上の含有量が必要
であるが、25.0wt%を超えると鋼の強度が増し加工性が
劣化するとともに、熱延板の延性を低下させ製造が困難
になるので、その含有量を16.0〜25.0wt%とした。Cr: 16.0 to 25.0 wt% Cr is an element which forms protective Cr 2 O 3 and improves oxidation resistance. A content of at least 16.0 wt% or more is required. %, The strength of the steel increases, the workability is deteriorated, and the ductility of the hot-rolled sheet is reduced to make the production difficult. Therefore, the content is set to 16.0 to 25.0 wt%.
【0015】Mo:0.5 〜3.0 wt% Moは、フェライト系ステンレス鋼においては耐酸化性を
向上させる元素であり、同時に耐食性を向上させるが、
0.50wt%以下ではその効果が顕著に現れず、また3.00wt
%を超えると酸化スケールの剥離が顕著になり、また、
鋼の強度が増し加工性が劣化するとともに熱延板の延性
を低下させ製造が困難になるので、その含有量を0.50〜
3.00wt%とした。なお好ましくは1.00〜3.00wt%であ
り、さらに好ましくは1.50〜2.50wt%である。Mo: 0.5-3.0 wt% Mo is an element which improves oxidation resistance in ferritic stainless steel and simultaneously improves corrosion resistance.
At 0.50 wt% or less, the effect does not appear remarkably, and 3.00 wt%
%, The peeling of the oxide scale becomes remarkable, and
As the strength of the steel increases and the workability deteriorates, the ductility of the hot-rolled sheet decreases and the production becomes difficult.
3.00wt%. The content is preferably 1.00 to 3.00 wt%, and more preferably 1.50 to 2.50 wt%.
【0016】Cu:0.5 wt%以下 Cuは、耐銹性の向上に効果があるが、含有量が増加する
と耐酸化性を劣化させるので、その含有量を0.50wt%以
下とした。Cu: 0.5 wt% or less Cu is effective in improving rust resistance. However, when the content increases, the oxidation resistance deteriorates. Therefore, the content is set to 0.50 wt% or less.
【0017】N:0.03wt%以下 Nは、含有量が増加するとCrとの化合物を形成して有効
なCr量を低減させ耐酸化性の劣化を招くことから、低い
ほど好ましいが、極端な低減は製造コストの上昇を招く
ので、その含有量を0.030 wt%以下とした。N: not more than 0.03% by weight N increases the content of N to form a compound with Cr, thereby reducing the effective amount of Cr and causing deterioration of oxidation resistance. Since the production cost is increased, its content is set to 0.030 wt% or less.
【0018】Nb, Ti, Zr:8×(wt%C +wt%N) ≦ wt%Nb
+wt%Ti +wt%Zr ≦1.00wt% Nb, Ti, Zrは、耐酸化性に有害なC, Nを安定化させ、
また高温強度を上昇させる作用があることから、これら
の1種または2種以上の合計で、少なくとも8× (wt%
C+wt%N) を超える量の添加が必要である。しかし、
過剰な添加は製造コストの上昇を招くとともに鋼の硬さ
を増し加工性を劣化させるので、その上限を 1.0wt%と
した。なお、これらの成分は必要に応じて1種または2
種のみを含有させるものであってよい。Nb, Ti, Zr: 8 × (wt% C + wt% N) ≦ wt% Nb
+ Wt% Ti + wt% Zr ≤1.00wt% Nb, Ti, Zr stabilizes C and N, which are harmful to oxidation resistance.
In addition, since it has the effect of increasing the high-temperature strength, at least 8 × (wt%
(C + wt% N). But,
Excessive addition increases the production cost and increases the hardness of the steel and degrades the workability, so the upper limit was made 1.0 wt%. These components may be used alone or as necessary.
It may contain only seeds.
【0019】Si×Mo:0.15wt%以下 上述したように、本発明において、耐酸化スケール剥離
性を向上させるために最も有効な方法は、SiとMoの積算
含有量で制御することである。すなわち、図1に示すよ
うに、その積算含有量が0.15wt%を超えるようだと、ス
ケール剥離量が目立って多くなる。Si × Mo: 0.15 wt% or less As described above, in the present invention, the most effective method for improving the oxidation scale peeling resistance is to control the integrated content of Si and Mo. That is, as shown in FIG. 1, when the integrated content seems to exceed 0.15 wt%, the amount of scale peeling increases remarkably.
【0020】[0020]
【実施例】表1に示す各種フェライト系ステンレス鋼を
溶解して鍛造し、熱処理、冷間圧延を繰り返して1mm厚
の供試材を作製した。これを20mm×25mmの大きさに切り
出して試験片とし、これを1000℃の大気雰囲気中におい
て2時間加熱し、10分間空冷する繰り返し酸化試験を実
施した。その結果を表2に示す。この表2に示す結果か
ら明らかなように、発明鋼 (No.1〜9)の場合はいずれも
酸化増量が少なく、また酸化スケール剥離量も著しく低
減しており、酸化スケール剥離性が改善されていること
がわかった。これに対し、Si×Moの量が0.15wt%を超え
る比較例No.10 〜15は、いずれもスケール剥離量が多く
なった。EXAMPLES Various ferritic stainless steels shown in Table 1 were melted and forged, and heat treatment and cold rolling were repeated to produce a test material having a thickness of 1 mm. This was cut out into a size of 20 mm × 25 mm to form a test piece, which was heated in an air atmosphere at 1000 ° C. for 2 hours, and air-cooled for 10 minutes, thereby performing a repeated oxidation test. Table 2 shows the results. As is evident from the results shown in Table 2, in the case of the invention steels (Nos. 1 to 9), the amount of oxidation increase was small, and the amount of oxide scale peeling was also significantly reduced. I understood that. In contrast, Comparative Examples Nos. 10 to 15 in which the amount of Si × Mo exceeded 0.15 wt% all had a large scale peeling amount.
【0021】[0021]
【表1】 [Table 1]
【0022】[0022]
【表2】 [Table 2]
【0023】[0023]
【発明の効果】以上説明したように、本発明のMo含有フ
ェライト系ステンレス鋼は、極低SiとするとともにMoと
Si量を特定の範囲に規制することで、高温長時間の環境
下でも酸化スケールの剥離が少なく、耐酸化性が良好で
ある。従って、本発明によれば、自動車排気系のような
厳しい高温環境下でも十分使用に耐えうる材料を提供す
ることができる。As described above, the Mo-containing ferritic stainless steel of the present invention has an extremely low Si content and a high Mo content.
By regulating the amount of Si to a specific range, the oxide scale is less peeled even in an environment of high temperature and long time, and the oxidation resistance is good. Therefore, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a material which can be sufficiently used even under a severe high temperature environment such as an automobile exhaust system.
【図1】Mo含有フェライト系ステンレス鋼の1000℃にお
ける繰り返し酸化試験における酸化スケール剥離量とM
o, Si含有量との関係を示したものである。FIG. 1 Measuring amount of oxide scale peeling and M in repeated oxidation test of Mo-containing ferritic stainless steel at 1000 ° C.
It shows the relationship between o and Si content.
Claims (1)
Mn:0.50wt%以下、Cr:16.0〜25.0wt%、Ni:0.60wt%
以下、Mo:0.50〜3.00wt%、Cu:0.50wt%以下、P:0.
030 wt%以下、S:0.010 wt%以下、N:0.03wt%以下
およびNbまたはTi, Zrのいずれか1種または2種以上を
下記式; 8× (wt%C+wt%N) ≦wt%Nb+wt%Ti+wt%Zr≦1.
00wt% の関係を満足するように含有し、かつSiとMoを下記式; (wt%Si) × (wt%Mo) ≦0.15 の関係を満足するように含有し、残部がFeおよび不可避
的不純物からなることを特徴とする耐スケール剥離性に
優れたMo含有フェライト系ステンレス鋼。C: 0.025% by weight or less, Si: 0.10% by weight or less,
Mn: 0.50 wt% or less, Cr: 16.0-25.0 wt%, Ni: 0.60 wt%
Mo: 0.50 to 3.00 wt%, Cu: 0.50 wt% or less, P: 0.
030 wt% or less, S: 0.010 wt% or less, N: 0.03 wt% or less, and one or more of Nb or Ti and Zr are represented by the following formula: 8 × (wt% C + wt% N) ≦ wt% Nb + wt % Ti + wt% Zr ≦ 1.
(Wt% Si) × (wt% Mo) ≦ 0.15, the balance being Fe and unavoidable impurities. A Mo-containing ferritic stainless steel having excellent scale peeling resistance, comprising:
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP24384196A JP3242007B2 (en) | 1996-09-13 | 1996-09-13 | Ferritic stainless steel for automotive exhaust system members with excellent resistance to oxidation scale peeling |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP24384196A JP3242007B2 (en) | 1996-09-13 | 1996-09-13 | Ferritic stainless steel for automotive exhaust system members with excellent resistance to oxidation scale peeling |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPH1088285A true JPH1088285A (en) | 1998-04-07 |
JP3242007B2 JP3242007B2 (en) | 2001-12-25 |
Family
ID=17109752
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP24384196A Expired - Fee Related JP3242007B2 (en) | 1996-09-13 | 1996-09-13 | Ferritic stainless steel for automotive exhaust system members with excellent resistance to oxidation scale peeling |
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Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1600520A1 (en) * | 2004-05-19 | 2005-11-30 | Sandvik Intellectual Property AB | Heat-resistant steel |
EP1882756A1 (en) * | 2006-07-26 | 2008-01-30 | Sandvik Intellectual Property AB | Ferritic chromium steel |
CN102618789A (en) * | 2011-01-31 | 2012-08-01 | J·埃贝斯佩歇合资公司 | Cast steel alloy and cast component |
US20130206271A1 (en) * | 2012-02-10 | 2013-08-15 | Faurecia Emissions Control Technologies, Germany Gmbh | Exhaust System |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP4304109B2 (en) | 2004-04-02 | 2009-07-29 | 新日鐵住金ステンレス株式会社 | Ferritic stainless steel for automotive exhaust systems with excellent thermal fatigue properties |
JP6037882B2 (en) | 2012-02-15 | 2016-12-07 | 新日鐵住金ステンレス株式会社 | Ferritic stainless steel sheet with excellent scale peel resistance and method for producing the same |
JP6071608B2 (en) | 2012-03-09 | 2017-02-01 | 新日鐵住金ステンレス株式会社 | Ferritic stainless steel plate with excellent oxidation resistance |
US10385429B2 (en) | 2013-03-27 | 2019-08-20 | Nippon Steel & Sumikin Stainless Steel Corporation | Hot-rolled ferritic stainless-steel plate, process for producing same, and steel strip |
-
1996
- 1996-09-13 JP JP24384196A patent/JP3242007B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1600520A1 (en) * | 2004-05-19 | 2005-11-30 | Sandvik Intellectual Property AB | Heat-resistant steel |
EP1882756A1 (en) * | 2006-07-26 | 2008-01-30 | Sandvik Intellectual Property AB | Ferritic chromium steel |
CN102618789A (en) * | 2011-01-31 | 2012-08-01 | J·埃贝斯佩歇合资公司 | Cast steel alloy and cast component |
US20120195785A1 (en) * | 2011-01-31 | 2012-08-02 | J. Eberspacher Gmbh & Co. Kg | Cast Steel Alloy and Cast Component |
US9090958B2 (en) * | 2011-01-31 | 2015-07-28 | Eberspaecher Exhaust Technology Gmbh & Co. Kg | Cast steel alloy and cast component |
US20130206271A1 (en) * | 2012-02-10 | 2013-08-15 | Faurecia Emissions Control Technologies, Germany Gmbh | Exhaust System |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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JP3242007B2 (en) | 2001-12-25 |
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