JPH108338A - Differently shrinkable combined filament yarn composed of conjugate fiber - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain the subject combined filament yarn suitable for clothing, having a silky handle, heat retaining properties, water absorption properties, bulkiness, etc., by combining a specific sheath-core type conjugate fiber multifilament with a laminated conjugate fiber multifilament. SOLUTION: A sheath core type conjugate filer multifilament (a readily soluble component amounts to a part of the surface of the fiber at an arbitrary cross section obtained from at least two kinds of fiber-forming polymers having mutual affinity and different dissolution rates is combined with a laminated conjugate fiber multifilament. The heat shrinkage percentage of the former is larger than that of the latter by >=10%. The bonding ratio of each fiber- forming polymers is substantially the same in both the multifilaments. After being woven into fabric, the difference in shrinkage is developed by heat treatment and the readily soluble component is dissolved and removed by dissolution treatment.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a blended yarn comprising a composite yarn which is suitable for clothing and has an excellent heat retaining property and a silky texture.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Numerous proposals have been made to bring synthetic fibers closer to the feel of various natural fibers, for example, thick and thin yarns, slab yarns, loop yarns by high-pressure fluid treatment, and active application to the fiber surface. There are known those which have a streak or unevenness to give a feeling effect, and those which dissolve using a solvent after composite spinning of nylon and polyester. In addition, the present applicant has disclosed in
Japanese Patent No. 35539 proposes a multifilament multifilament yarn composed of single yarns having different weaving degree, cross-sectional shape, dyeability, and heat shrinkage ratio. Was obtained.

[0003]

However, the multi-filament multifilament yarn described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 63-135538 can obtain the texture of silky natural fibers, but has a heat retaining property, a water absorption property, and the like. It was insufficient in functions such as bulkiness. The present invention is to solve such a problem, and an object of the present invention is to provide a mixed fiber having both silky feeling and feelings such as heat retention, water absorption and bulkiness.

[0004]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION According to the present invention, an easily dissolvable component is formed in an arbitrary cross-section by joining at least two fiber-forming polymers having mutual affinity and different dissolution rates in a solvent. It comprises a core-sheath type composite fiber multifilament occupying a part of the fiber surface and a laminated type composite fiber multifilament, and the heat shrinkage of the core-sheath type composite fiber multifilament is 1 to the laminated type composite fiber multifilament.
It is a different shrinkage mixed fiber comprising composite fibers, which is higher by 0% or more and the bonding ratio of each fiber-forming polymer in both composite fiber multifilaments is substantially the same.

[0005]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION In the present invention, the fiber-forming synthetic polymer mainly means polyester or polyamide, and may be a copolymer as long as spinnability and the like are not impaired. Polyester is a homopolyester such as polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polyethylene oxybenzoate, polydimethylcyclohexane terephthalate, or polypiparolactone, or copolymerized with isophthalic acid or sulfoisophthalic acid as a second acid component in these polyester components. And those obtained by copolymerizing propylene glycol or polymethylene glycol as the secondary alcohol component. Polyamide is nylon 6, nylon 66, nylon 61.
0, nylon 11, nylon 12, condensate of bis (para-aminocyclohexyl) methane and dodecane diacid, copolymers of these polyamide-forming components, and other dicarboxylic acids and diamines. It refers to things.

In the present invention, at least two kinds of these fiber-forming polymers having mutual affinity are used, and it is required that these polymers have a difference in solubility in a solvent. This includes changing the degree of polymerization of the polymer, changing the presence or absence of copolymerization, changing the ratio of copolymerization, and easily dyeing or difficult dyeing, in general, in the case of a combination of polymers of the same family and polymers having relatively similar melting temperatures. There is a method of appropriately selecting a method of modifying the number of terminal groups to make the compound more hydrophilic or introducing a terminal group that enables dyeing with a dye belonging to a different dyeing group.

In the present invention, the term "different dissolution rate in a solvent" means that there is a difference in solubility between organic and inorganic solvents or, in the case of polyester, a difference in resistance to a chemical such as caustic soda which acts as a hydrolyzing agent. That there is. Usually, the dissolving action on the solvent proceeds at a substantially constant speed until the solvent reaches a saturated state. In the case of the present invention, in such a constant dissolution progressing state, the dissolution rate and the decomposition rate ratio are two or more. It is preferable to use a combination of the above polymers, more preferably 5 or more. For example,
Examples of the combination of polymers satisfying the above-mentioned conditions include polyethylene terephthalate, a so-called cationic dyeable polyester obtained by copolymerizing a polyethylene terephthalate component with an alkali metal salt of sulfoisophthalic acid in an amount of about 2.5 mol%, and polypropylene glycol as a secondary alcohol component. A combination with a copolymer of polyethylene glycol and the like can be given. In the present invention, a core-sheath type composite fiber and a laminated type composite fiber obtained by bonding such a fiber-forming polymer are used.

The core-sheath type conjugate fiber of the present invention is obtained by joining at least two kinds of fiber-forming polymers so as to have a substantially C-shaped cross-sectional shape, and the core component is formed on the surface. It has a shape that is partially exposed. The core component may be formed at a concentric position or at an eccentric position, may be circular or non-circular, may be one or more, and the outer shape of the core-sheath composite fiber itself may be circular or non-circular. Good.

The core component of the core-sheath type composite fiber is preferably 20 to 50% in terms of area ratio in the cross section of the fiber. The larger the area ratio of the core component, the lighter the woven fabric obtained,
If it exceeds 50%, it is susceptible to abrasion, and if it is less than 20%, the obtained woven fabric has poor lightness.

Further, the width of the part of the core-sheath type composite fiber that is partially exposed to the surface of the core component is preferably 0.5 μm or more, and the upper limit is usually about １ ／ of the fiber diameter. If the width of such a portion is too small, the water absorption may decrease, and if the width is too large, it becomes weak against abrasion and compression.

On the other hand, the laminated multifilament multifilament of the present invention comprises at least two kinds of fiber-forming polymers having different dissolution rates in the above-mentioned solvent, and the easily soluble component occupies a part of the fiber surface. The easily soluble component of the fiber-forming polymer is eluted by a dissolution treatment with a solvent, and the fiber-forming polymer is divided into fine fibers composed of the remaining hardly soluble component. Further, in the present invention, it is preferable that the joining shape of each fiber-forming component is substantially different between each single filament constituting the multifilament. Having such a joint shape is preferable because the fineness and shape of each fineness yarn after the dissolution division treatment are substantially different from each other and random, and a texture more similar to a natural fiber can be obtained.

In spinning such a multifilament laminated composite fiber, a composite spinning method is usually applied.
As its most preferred method, after passing the polymer through a static kneading element having 1 to 4 elements,
Spinning is performed using a spinneret having six or more spinning holes.
FIG. 4 shows an outline of the spinning apparatus. In FIG. 4, the polymers A and B, which have been melted by separate extruders and introduced into the reservoirs (11) and (12) of the die pack (1), respectively, pass through the wire mesh filters (13) of the respective filter sections. Grid
Through the guide hole (14) 'of (2), the outlet (15) passes through the guide hole (16) provided in the distribution plate (3) to reach the center part (17) of the mixing plate (4). 2-5 layers composed of two polymers having different properties depending on the kneading elements (18) and (19) passing through the static kneading elements (18) and (19) provided further toward the lower surface, preferably 2 ~
A four-layer composite state is formed. Then, the mixed polymer formed in this layer reaches the outlet portion (20) of the kneading element and gradually spreads concentrically, and flows out of the spinning hole (21) of the spinneret (5) composed of six or more pieces to form a composite. It is ejected and formed as a multifilament.

[0013] Thus, the composite multifilament thus formed is wound after winding, and is stretched at an appropriate stretching ratio. The cross-sectional structure showing the joining state of the A and B polymers is as shown in FIG. 6 (or more) spinning holes
They all differ depending on the position of (21) ((a) to (d)).

The stationary kneading element used for the spinning is, for example, a “static mixer” manufactured by Kenix,
Toray Engineering's “mixing unit”, R
OSS ISG mixer, mixing element manufactured by Sulzer, etc., and in some cases, JP-B-48-23
The multi-layer apparatus disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 968 is also applicable. However, the number of elements is suitably in the range of 1 to 4. If you have no kneading elements, just A,
Both B polymers only form a united layer, and filaments of the homopolymer of A or B frequently occur, which is not preferable. On the other hand, if the number is five or more, the number of divided layers becomes too large, and a uniform multi-layered blend state is obtained. Accordingly, the number of kneading element elements is suitably from 1 to 4, more preferably 2 or 3. However, one kneading element element as referred to herein means an element divided into two layers per stage, for example, ROSS I
Since the SG mixing element has four divided layers per stage, this mixer is regarded as two per stage.

Further, as described above, the preferred number of spinnerets used in the present invention is to have at least six spinning holes. This means that even if the number of spinning holes is 5 or less, it may not be unusable if the number of spinning holes is 3 or more in some cases. However, the hole spacing is generally too large and the mixed flow of the multilayered polymer tends to be turbulent. Among them, a spiral layer entangled in the filament is liable to be generated, leading to a decrease in the appearance of a beetle-like appearance due to a difference in dyeing.

The cross section of the multifilament spun in this way leads to the appearance of a multifilament of a laminated composite fiber in which almost all the constituent filaments are divided into 2 to 5 layers. In addition, the shape of the spinning hole has a round cross section, 3 to 10 leaves multi-leaf shape, depending on the purpose such as appearance, gloss, and feeling of the yarn.
Any shape such as flat, hollow, irregular hollow, U-shaped, or a mixture thereof can be selected. Among them, those having a cross-sectional shape in which the outer periphery of a filament is formed by 2 to 4 sides such as a 3 or 4 leaf shape, a flat shape, and a U shape are suitable for the natural irregular feeling, gloss and appearance of natural fibers. It is.

An important point in the present invention is that the bonding ratio of the at least two kinds of fiber-forming polymers is substantially the same between the core-sheath type composite fiber multifilament and the laminated type composite fiber multifilament. It is in. That is, since the dissolution treatment with a solvent usually acts to some extent not only on the easily soluble components but also on the slightly soluble components, if the treatment time is extended in order to completely dissolve the easily soluble components, at the same time, the hardly soluble components will also have a somewhat reduced weight effect. receive. For this reason, if the joining ratio of the constituent components, especially the easily soluble components, is different between the two conjugate fibers, the erosion of the hardly soluble components of the conjugate fiber having a smaller amount of the easily soluble components will be performed if a sufficient dissolution division treatment is performed. This is not preferred. However, as described above, since the fineness and the shape of each fineness yarn are substantially different, the bonding ratio of the fiber-forming polymer is different from that of the core-sheath type composite fiber multifilament. It is difficult to make the same as the laminated composite fiber multifilament. For this reason, when the ratio of each polymer supplied at the time of spinning each conjugate fiber is the same, it is considered that the joining ratio of both is substantially the same.

Further, the present invention relates to a so-called different shrinkage mixed fiber yarn in which the core-sheath type composite fiber multifilament and the laminated type composite fiber multifilament have different heat shrinkage ratios. Function becomes more effective. In such a different shrinkage mixed fiber, it is necessary to increase the heat shrinkage of the core-sheath type composite fiber multifilament by 10% or more with respect to the laminated type composite fiber multifilament. By taking such a configuration, as a form after the heat treatment, the core-sheath type composite fiber multifilament is in the center,
It is possible to obtain a structure in which fine filaments obtained by dissolving and splitting the multi-filament laminated conjugate fiber are located on the outer periphery, and the texture and appearance caused by the fine filament and the water absorption caused by the core-sheath composite fiber It is possible to balance the performance.

Furthermore, it is preferable that the laminated conjugate fiber has a self-elongation performance by heat treatment, because the difference in yarn length between both fibers during heat treatment is further increased. In order to make the heat shrinkage ratio different or to impart self-elongation performance, it is possible to adopt a method of providing a difference in heat history at the time of stretching generally performed, a method of varying a stretching ratio, or the like. In addition, for the mixing of both multifilament multifilaments, mixing and entanglement with a fluid such as air is effective.

The thus obtained hetero-shrinkage mixed fiber according to the present invention is made into a fabric, and then a shrinkage difference is developed by heat treatment, and the easily soluble component is dissolved and removed by dissolution treatment. Such a dissolving treatment may be appropriately selected according to the kind of the easily soluble component. However, when the modified polyester as described above is used, generally, an alkali treatment using caustic soda or the like is appropriate. By this treatment, the laminated conjugate fiber is melt-divided into fibers composed of random fine fibers having substantially different fineness and shape of each single yarn. Also,
The core-sheath type composite fiber has a so-called hollow cross section in which the core component is dissolved and removed. Therefore, it is necessary to perform the dissolution treatment until at least about 80% of the easily soluble component is removed, and it is preferable to perform the dissolution treatment until the easily soluble component of both composite fibers is completely removed. FIG. 1 shows the cross-sectional shape of the mixed fiber in this state.

It is to be noted that the hetero-shrinkage mixed fiber according to the present invention may be mixed with another fiber.
Examples thereof include natural fibers such as cotton, wool, and silk; functional fibers such as antibacterial and flame-retardant; and fibers having a specific texture such as false twist and strong twist.

[0022]

【Example】

(Example 1) Polyethylene terephthalate (hereinafter referred to as polymer P1) having an intrinsic viscosity of 0.64 as measured with a mixed solution of phenol and tetrachloroethane 6: 4 at 20 ° C. in a composite spinning apparatus was prepared using polyethylene glycol having an average molecular weight of 4,000. 18% by weight in polyethylene terephthalate
Copolymerized polyester (hereinafter referred to as polymer P2) Polymer P1 is melted at 295 ° C. and polymer P2 is melted at 290 ° C. by separate screw extruders, and the joining ratio is P1 / P2 = 2/1 (volume ratio) by a gear pump. The mixture was guided into a die pack at 295 ° C., extruded from an orifice, and wound at 1,500 m / min to obtain a 50 denier / 24 filament core-sheath composite undrawn yarn having a cross-sectional shape shown in FIG. .

On the other hand, the polymer P1
The polymer P2 was melted at 5 ° C. and a separate screw extruder at 290 ° C., and then these polymers were joined to a stationary kneading element having three elements by a gear pump at a joining ratio of P.
1 / P2 = 2/1 (volume ratio)
At 295 ° C., it was led to the die pack shown in FIG. 4 and extruded from the orifice and wound at 1,330 m / min, and then 50/2.
A 4-filament laminated composite undrawn yarn was obtained.

Next, in a process as shown in FIG. 5, the undrawn yarns of the two composite fibers were drawn to a roll draft temperature of 75.degree. C. and a plate draft temperature of 153.degree. And then, after confounding,
A different-density mixed fiber of 00 denier / 48 filament was obtained. A double woven fabric is manufactured by using the different shrinkage mixed fiber obtained as described above as a warp and a weft, and this is woven at 98 ° C for 15 minutes.
By subjecting the core-sheath type composite fiber to contraction by wet heat treatment for one minute, a structure was obtained in which the core-sheath type composite fiber was mainly located in the inner layer portion and the laminated type composite fiber was mainly located in the outer layer portion. Then, the mixture was treated with 4% caustic soda at 98 ° C. for 45 minutes to reduce the weight by 35% to dissolve and remove the polymer P2. Table 1 shows the evaluation of the double woven fabric.

[0025]

[Table 1] In addition, such a double woven fabric also has the texture of silky natural fibers.

(Comparative Example 1) A polymer P1 was extruded at 295 ° C. and wound at 1,500 m / min and wound at 50 denier /
As shown in FIG. 5, the undrawn yarn of 24 filaments was rolled at 75 ° C. in a roll heater and 145 ° C. in a plate heater (one side as shown in FIG. 5).
The film was stretched 2.80 times by ff touch and wound up to obtain a 100 denier / 48 filament hetero-shrinkage mixed fiber, and then a double woven fabric was produced in the same manner as in Example 1.

Table 1 shows the evaluation of the double woven fabric. Table 1
As shown in the above, the double woven fabric using the different shrinkage mixed fiber according to the present invention has excellent heat retention and water absorption.

[0028]

According to the hetero-shrinkage mixed fiber yarn of the present invention, it is possible to obtain a product having both the feeling of silky natural fiber, heat retention and water absorption. In addition, when such a product is obtained, since the dissolution treatment is easy, the product can be industrially manufactured without difficulty, and its usefulness is clear.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view after a dissolution treatment is applied to a different shrinkage mixed fiber of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a core-sheath type composite filament used for a different shrinkage mixed fiber of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a laminated composite filament used for the different shrinkage mixed fiber of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a spinneret for spinning a laminated composite filament used for the hetero-shrinkage mixed fiber of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory view of a draw twisting machine for producing the different shrinkage mixed fiber yarn of the present invention.

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A core in which at least two types of fiber-forming polymers having mutual affinity and different dissolution rates in a solvent are joined to each other, wherein a readily soluble component occupies a part of the fiber surface in an arbitrary cross section. It is composed of a sheath-type composite fiber multifilament and a laminated type composite fiber multifilament, and the heat shrinkage of the core-sheath type composite fiber multifilament is higher than the laminated type composite fiber multifilament by 10% or more. A differently shrinkable mixed fiber comprising a composite fiber, wherein the bonding ratio of the forming polymer is substantially the same. 2. The fiber of claim 1, wherein one of the fiber-forming polymers is polyethylene terephthalate and the other is a polyester obtained by copolymerizing a polyethylene terephthalate component with sulfoisophthalic acid. . 3. The bonding ratio of the two types of fiber-forming polymers is as follows:
2. An easily soluble component: other components = 1: 2-1: 4.
9. A hetero-shrinkage mixed fiber comprising the conjugate fiber according to the above item.