JPH1082512A - Fluidized-bed incinerator for waste and incinerating method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide apparatus and method for extracting generated gas and oil having a composition ratio of a predetermined range and stable properties by satisfying both stable thermal decomposition and burning functions even if waste such as municipal refuse having relatively large change width of the properties is supplied. SOLUTION: A plurality of long vertical thermal decomposition cylinders 2 are stood along an outer wall of a long vertical cylindrical combustion tower 1 formed of a fluidized-bed combustion chamber 11 and a secondary combustion chamber 12. The cylinders 2 are intermittently divided into a waste S supply port 23, a preheating chamber 21, a thermal decomposition chamber 22 and an introducing chamber 23. The introducing chamber communicates with the chamber 11, and correlatively assembles routes for supplying, exhausting, recovering and its controlling heated air A, exhaust gas G1 and product and devices and units and the like. The exhaust gas G1 is mixed with the air A, or solely supplied to the chamber 22. The waste S is thermally decomposed by agitating by conduction heat and gas supply from an outer wall of a combustion furnace to generate gas and the like. The residual thermal decomposition matter R is quantitatively and qualitatively supplied to the chamber 11 and completely burned.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a furnace apparatus for incinerating waste such as municipal waste and a method for incinerating the same.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Although about 74% of the entire waste is treated by incineration, not only incineration but also extraction of gases and oils generated in the treatment process. Many technologies are being implemented for recycling. Basically, waste is thermally decomposed and reused. Thermal decomposition methods are roughly classified into three types: external heating, internal heating, and heating medium. Have been.

[0003] Which of the above three types of thermal decomposition methods to select is comprehensively determined in consideration of the properties of the material to be treated, the required amount of treatment, and the recyclable materials that can be recovered. In particular, municipal garbage and the like have irregular properties, and the conditions for thermal decomposition such as shape, size, components, water content and calories are various, and the most suitable is the heat medium among the above three methods. A typical example of such a device is a fluidized bed pyrolysis furnace. The weight of incineration is increasing year by year in the treatment of waste such as municipal solid waste. To cope with this, a fluidized-bed furnace system that can process large quantities, has high thermal efficiency, and has a high processing speed is extremely suitable. Is in agreement with the public eye, and among them, 2
Tower fluidized bed pyrolysis furnaces are well known. Waste is mixed with sand etc. as heat medium, gas and oil generated by pyrolysis of waste in fluidized bed pyrolysis furnace are extracted, and pyrolysis products (residue) are transferred to fluidized bed incinerator together with heat medium. Incineration process.

[0004] However, the incinerator having the function of continuously performing the pyrolysis and combustion processes of the two-column system has not reached the technically completed level. For example, a heating medium connecting the two columns is required. Wear and corrosion caused by the heat medium and residue in the circulation path are pointed out, but above all, in order to stabilize both pyrolysis and combustion, the temperature difference and pressure difference between the two towers are controlled within a certain range. It is particularly necessary to supply qualitative and quantitative waste as its condition, so a quantitative supply device compatible with the pretreatment process is required, and it is necessary to implement the above control. Requires complex systems.

[0005] As an example of a conventional improved technique having the functions of pyrolysis and combustion at the same time, see Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 55-162384 in FIG. The furnace bodies 101A and 101B are alternately operated at regular intervals so that both the pyrolysis operation and the combustion operation can be performed, thereby thermally decomposing and incinerating waste such as municipal garbage. A pyrolysis process from which gas and oil are obtained is presented. With this configuration, there is no heat medium circulation path, and complicated operations such as control of the temperature difference and pressure difference between the two towers are unnecessary. During combustion, air is supplied to the furnace,
In the case of thermal decomposition, only a switching operation that does not supply air is sufficient, so that operation management and control operation are easy.

As a measure for improving a fluidized bed incinerator having two functions of pyrolysis and combustion in a one-column two-chamber system, there is a conventional technique disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 52-47923 in FIG. As a two-chamber fluidized bed pyrolysis furnace, a chamber 203 for pyrolyzing waste such as garbage with an oxygen-free fluidized gas and a chamber 201 for burning the pyrolyzed residue with a fluidized gas containing oxygen. Up and down movable partition plate 202 separating two chambers
And a jet nozzle 204 for jetting fluidized gas in the tangential direction of the inner wall surface of each fluidized-bed furnace, so that the operating state can be optimized by controlling the opening of the partition plate and the operation of the jet nozzle. And oil can be obtained, and the operation is simple compared to the conventional two-column fluidized bed.
It says that the thermal efficiency is excellent.

[0007]

The requirements of a fluidized-bed incinerator that pyrolyzes waste such as municipal waste and incinerates it include controlling the pyrolysis temperature within a certain range.
Effective product gas and oil can be extracted. Furthermore, by quantitatively charging the qualitative residue after the thermal decomposition into the incinerator, stable combustion can be maintained and the combustion temperature can be easily controlled, thereby preventing toxic gas generation and achieving complete combustion. In order to satisfy this requirement, in the pre-process of charging waste into the fluidized bed incinerator, it is necessary to have a device to make the properties of the waste constant, and it is important that the qualitative waste is sent to the fluidized bed pyrolysis furnace. Stable operation becomes possible by quantitatively and continuously charging the thermal decomposition products into the fluidized bed incinerator.

[0008] However, the premise of supplying qualitative and quantitative waste to the fluidized bed, which is the premise of the stable operation, is a very difficult problem, and it cannot be said that any of the conventional techniques has been solved. In general, a typical two-column fluidized bed incinerator is equipped with a heat medium circuit connecting the two towers to maintain stable operation through both temperature control and pressure control of both reactions of pyrolysis and combustion by a complex system. However, it is inevitable that soaring equipment costs and maintenance burdens are inevitable, and that the economic burden is unexpectedly greatly increased.

The prior art shown in FIG. 4 aims at solving the problem of the two-column system by not circulating the heat medium, but switches the operation of the pyrolysis furnace and the incinerator so that they work alternately. From the point of view of each furnace, it is essentially unavoidable that both operations are performed discontinuously, and pyrolysis gas, tea, generated oil, combustion gas, etc. If the reactor conditions suddenly fluctuate greatly, the properties and quantity of the generated gas will also fluctuate greatly.If the system is configured to recover and reuse it as a heat source such as a boiler for operation, stable operation can be achieved. There is a high concern that it will disappear. Unstable operations can easily cause equipment failures, especially the nature of the waste supplied (water content,
It is extremely difficult to achieve the function of alternately switching unless the amount of combustion calorie, size, etc.) and supply amount are restricted within a certain range. Further, unless there is a method of keeping the pyrolysis temperature within a certain range in a pyrolysis furnace and a method of keeping the combustion temperature within a certain range by stable combustion in an incinerator, effective extraction of product gas and oil is not possible. It is possible and exhaust gas will also lead to the generation of toxic gas.

In the prior art shown in FIG. 5, the properties of the waste supplied from the supply device are limited to a certain condition, which means that the composition of the collected waste is constant, A pre-process of forming, crushing and drying in advance to the size of a solid fuel is required. By pre-treating the waste so as to form a fluidized bed that can be reliably pyrolyzed, the composition ratio of the produced gas falls within a certain range, and effective extraction of the produced gas and oil becomes possible. However, in order to realize this effect, the composition ratio of the generated gas changes even if the composition of the waste is constant, as described above, unless the pyrolysis temperature is controlled within a certain range. It becomes a gas that is not suitable for reuse, and further requires a fluidizing gas that does not contain oxygen from another line in the initial stage of operation, and the generated gas generated at that time is inevitably diluted by the fluidizing gas. Therefore, the product gas generated in the early stage of operation must be discharged, and if the method of discharging only the product gas generated outside the certain pyrolysis temperature range and extracting only the valid product gas is used, the purpose is aimed. Product gas cannot be obtained.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention satisfies both the functions of stable pyrolysis and combustion even when waste such as municipal solid waste having a relatively large variation in properties is supplied.
Further, it is an object of the present invention to provide an apparatus and a method capable of extracting a product gas and an oil whose composition ratio is within a certain range and whose properties are stable.

[0012]

A fluidized bed incinerator for waste according to the present invention belongs to a type having a pyrolysis section and a combustion section, and is formed by a fluidized bed combustion chamber 11 and a secondary combustion chamber 12. A plurality of vertically elongated pyrolysis tubes 2 are provided along the outer wall of a vertically elongated combustion tower 1.
The pyrolysis tube 2 is divided into a supply port 24 for waste S, a preheating chamber 21, a pyrolysis chamber 22 and a charging chamber 23 so as to be intermittent, and the charging chamber 23 is connected to the fluidized bed combustion chamber 11. In addition to the communication, the air supply line 3, the exhaust line 4, and the recovery line 5 relating to the heated air A, the exhaust gas G1, and the product P, and the correlated system and equipment for controlling them are incorporated in a correlated manner. And

[0013] Based on this basic configuration, when the waste S such as municipal waste having various properties is collected and transported to the treatment plant in a collected state, the waste S is composed of a plurality of vertically elongated heat. The dope is supplied to the supply port 24 of the decomposition tube 2, is supplied to the preheating chamber 21 as appropriate, evaporates the water content by drying by preheating, and is then sent to the pyrolysis chamber 22 to receive the thermal decomposition action and to qualify the heat. The decomposition products R are quantitatively sent from the charging chamber 23 to the fluidized bed combustion chamber 11 to form a fluidized bed with the heat medium and burn, and the unburned components are completely burned in the upper secondary combustion chamber 12.

A feature of the method for incinerating waste by the fluidized bed incinerator having the above-mentioned structure according to the present invention is that the exhaust gas G1 generated at the time of combustion in the vertically long cylindrical combustion tower 1 and the heated air A are mixed by the distribution valve 35, Alternatively, the exhaust gas G1 alone is supplied to the pyrolysis chamber 22 of the plurality of pyrolysis cylinders 2 erected along the outer wall of the combustion tower 1,
The thermal decomposition temperature is controlled within the range of 600 to 700 ° C. by the conduction heat from the outer wall of the combustion tower and the agitation by the air supply, and the thermal decomposition is performed. The purpose is to supply a fixed amount to the fluidized bed combustion chamber 11 of the combustion tower 1, and a plurality of pyrolysis tubes are erected along the outer wall of the combustion tower 1, so that the treatment target adapted to the capacity of the fluidized bed incinerator is provided. It is possible to supply a fixed amount of the product. Next, a stable fluidized bed is formed by the quantitative supply, and the remaining pyrolysis products are easily and completely burned in combination with the operation of the secondary combustion chamber 12, whereby generation of toxic gas can be suppressed, and the pyrolysis temperature can be reduced. It is a feature in comparison with other conventional technologies that thermal decomposition can be performed within a certain range and effective product gas G2 and product oil O can be extracted from waste S and recycled. Can be solved.

[0015]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The following configuration shows the most preferred embodiment for realizing the above-mentioned basic configuration, but other configurations may be used as long as the basic configuration matches. Needless to say. First, the thermal decomposition cylinder 2 is formed of a vertically long cylindrical body having a substantially rectangular cross section, and the thermal decomposition product R is introduced into the fluidized bed combustion chamber 11 from above in the supply port 24, the preheating chamber 21, the thermal decomposition chamber 22, and the bottom. Pusher 25
Is divided by doors 26, 27 and 28 which open and close so as to be able to advance and retreat in the horizontal direction, respectively.
In the pyrolysis chamber 22, an air supply line 3 mixed with heated air A and / or exhaust gas G 1 recovered from an exhaust line 4 is provided.
And a recovery line 5 for a product P composed of a product gas G2 and a product oil O. A plurality of pyrolysis cylinders 2 are arranged along the outer wall of the fluidized bed combustion tower 1 which is a vertically long cylindrical body. For example, if the fluidized-bed combustion chamber is a cylindrical body, its outer periphery is set up at positions equally divided into 4 to 6 equal parts, and each has the function of an independent pyrolysis cylinder. The properties of municipal solid waste and the like to be administered first are inevitable to some extent, but are preheated and pyrolyzed independently in each pyrolysis cylinder, and are connected to the supply line 3, exhaust line 4, and recovery line. Since the reactions are individually controlled so that the optimum conditions are obtained by the control of step 5, at the time of transfer from the charging chamber to the fluidized bed combustion chamber, any pyrolysis cylinder is assimilated into almost qualitative pyrolysis products and flows. Passed down to layers.

In this case, regarding the piping system, one end of the air supply line 3 communicates with a number of nozzles 29 which are uniformly opened on both lower sides of the pyrolysis chamber 22, and the other end of the branch is connected to the fluidized bed combustion. It communicates with an air box 13 having a large number of outlets 15 which penetrate a hearth 14 which is the bottom of the chamber 11, and the exhaust line 4 is connected to a top opening 16 of the combustion tower 1 and a cyclone 41, a heat exchanger Distribution valve 35 via 42
Of reuse 4 which merges with the heated air A sent separately
3 and a system line 45 that branches off before the distribution valve 35 and discharges through the dust collecting device 44.
A system 5 for recovering an effective product gas G2 at a distribution valve 54 via a heat exchanger 51, a gas-liquid separator 52, and a gas concentration detector 53.
5 and a system 57 for discharging unnecessary gas is a preferred embodiment.

According to the configuration of the gas piping system described above, a heating medium such as sand is separated from exhaust gas collected from the furnace top after complete combustion in the secondary combustion chamber 12 to obtain an exhaust gas G1.
In the initial stage of operation, since the amount of the exhaust gas G1 generated is small, the heated air A introduced from another line and the exhaust gas G1
Is supplied to the pyrolysis chamber 22 by the distribution valve 35, and as the operation of the fluidized bed combustion chamber 11 progresses, the mixing amount of the heating air A is gradually decreased to increase the amount of the exhaust gas G1, Air A
Thus, the generated gas G2 is prevented from being diluted, and the pyrolysis temperature in the pyrolysis chamber 22 is controlled at 600 to 700 ° C., and the generated gas generated within the range is converted into the effective generated gas G.
2, and only when a temperature range other than the above temperature is detected, the generated gas is automatically discharged to another pipe, and the composition ratio (composition ratio) of various gas components constituting the generated gas G2
Is always kept within a certain range, so that the product gas G2 of stable quality can be obtained, so that the resource can be recycled.

[0018]

1 is a longitudinal sectional front view of a fluidized bed incinerator according to the present invention and a system diagram relating to control during operation. FIG. 2A is a sectional view taken along the line MM of FIG. B) is a cross-sectional view taken along the line NN of FIG. FIG. 2C is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a nozzle portion that supplies air to the pyrolysis chamber 22, and FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating a process from the preheating of the waste S to the fluidized bed combustion chamber (A). ) To (F).

In FIG. 1, a supply port 2 is provided from above along an outer wall 17 of a cylindrical combustion tower 1 erected at the center of a fluidized bed incinerator.
4. A plurality of pyrolysis tubes 2 are erected with the preheating chamber 21, the pyrolysis chamber 22, and the charging chamber 23 as one unit. The form is, for example, as shown in FIGS.
The outer periphery of 7 is divided into six equal parts, and five units are arranged, and the remaining one divided portion is used for a space used for the supply / discharge device 6 such as a heat medium (for example, silica sand) or tea. The waste S is supplied to the preheating chamber 21 from a supply port 24 provided at the top of the pyrolysis tube 2, and after a certain period of time, the waste S is dried by conduction heat of the outer wall 17 of the fluidized-bed combustion tower 1. The process moves to the pyrolysis chamber 22. The temperature of the pyrolysis chamber has already been raised by the heated air A spouted from the nozzle 29, and the wastes in the pyrolysis chamber are agitated by the spout, while the amount of heat held by the spouted gas, the fluidized bed combustion chamber and the secondary combustion After a certain period of time, the thermal decomposition product (residue) is transferred to the input chamber 23, and the pusher 25 is operated to input the thermal decomposition product (residue) into the fluidized bed of the fluidized bed combustion chamber 11. Then, it is mixed with the silica sand of the heat medium and burns rapidly, and the combustion gas further rises and completely burns in the secondary combustion chamber 12.

At the start-up stage of the operation, the pyrolysis products pushed from the charging chamber are burned into the fluidized-bed combustion chamber 11 by operating the auxiliary burner 18, but the charging is started.
After 0 minutes, the burner is stopped and the pyrolysis product is completely burned by self-combustion. The heating device 3 is connected to the fluidized bed combustion chamber 11.
1, the heated air A heated to 200 to 250 ° C. is supplied to the air chamber 13 by adjusting the air supply amount by the valve 32, and is jetted from the jet port 15 penetrating through the hearth 14, and the heat medium and the heat Decomposed matter causes bubbling 500 ~
Although it is incinerated at 700 ° C., since it is a residue that has already been thermally decomposed and qualified, it is easily completely burned, and the unburned gas reaches the secondary combustion chamber 12 and is completely burned.

The solid content supply / discharge device 6 is exemplified as follows.
The incombustible material K in the fluidized-bed combustion chamber such as iron is discharged to the discharge pipe 61 at the bottom of the furnace.
From the separator 6 by a screw discharger 62
At 3, the incombustibles K are separated and discharged. The heat medium B returns to the return port 66 of the combustion tower 1 by pneumatic transportation via the system path 64 by the blower 65 and is reused, thereby exhibiting the economic effect of reducing the original replenishment amount from the heat medium supply device 67. I do. Even when unburned char C remains due to the combustion action in the fluidized bed, the unburned char C is returned to the furnace from the return port 66 by air transport together with the heat medium B via the system passage 64, and the secondary combustion chamber 12 Complete combustion is performed within.

As described above, the qualified residue is completely burned in the incineration chamber 11 and almost all of the generated gas can be completely burned. However, a small amount of unburned gas remains in the secondary combustion chamber 22. The generation of toxic gas is suppressed by completely burning at about 900 ° C. However, since the temperature comes out is the possibility of comprising the NO _X occurs more than 1000 ° C. provided fountain port 19 for spraying cooling water W, in conjunction with the temperature sensing unit and a control panel (not shown) to prevent air pollution I'm trying.

The piping system and its control circuit are important elements for implementing the present invention. To explain the air supply line 3, the heated air A passing through the heating device 31 is branched into a system path 33 and a system path 34, and the heated air in the system path 33 is adjusted to an appropriate amount by a valve 32 and the fluidized bed combustion chamber 11 To the air box 13. The heated air A in the system 34 reaches the distribution valve 35 and merges with the system 43 for recycling the exhaust line 4. The heated air A adjusted to the optimum mixing ratio corresponding to the furnace condition by the distribution valve 35
The exhaust gas G1 is heated again by the heating device 36, and is discharged from the nozzle 30 to the vicinity of the bottom of the pyrolysis chamber 22 from the system 30 as shown in FIG. To perform thermal decomposition. The product gas generated by the thermal decomposition action of the thermal decomposition chamber 22 is recovered from the system line 50 of the recovery line 5, cooled down to about 350 ° C. by the heat exchanger 51, and then generated by the gas-liquid separator 52 together with the product gas G 2. Separated and collected in oil O.

The heating air A supplied from the system 34 at the initial stage of the operation is heated to about 650 ° C. by the heating device 36 through the distribution valve 35 and subjected to thermal decomposition. The exhaust gas G1 completely burned in the combustion chamber 12 is guided from the top opening 16 to the system path 40, separated into the heat medium B and the exhaust gas G1 by the cyclone 41, and the exhaust gas G1 is
The temperature is lowered to about 400 ° C. by 2 and reaches the distribution valve 35. As the pyrolysis and combustion progress, the supply amount of the exhaust gas G1 in the distribution valve 35 is increased to gradually advance the amount of air in the generated gas G2 generated in the pyrolysis chamber 22 while proceeding.
In a situation where the heated air A is supplied, the generated gas is discharged from the discharge line 57 by the distribution valve 54 in principle, the supply of the heated air A is stopped, and only the supply of the exhaust gas G1 is performed. When the distribution valve 54 is switched, the generated gas G2
Take out. However, when the allowable gas concentration is detected by the gas concentration detector 53 while the supply amount of the heated air A is decreasing, the distribution valve 54 is switched to take out the generated gas G2 from the system path 55 to improve the yield. At the same time, effectiveness is achieved by preventing dilution of the produced gas.

Pyrolysis in a fluidized bed combustion chamber and a pyrolysis column,
When the combustion enters a completely steady state, the supply of the heated air A is stopped by controlling the distribution valve 35 to prevent dilution of the generated gas, and the amount of the exhaust gas G1 supplied to the pyrolysis chamber 22 is smaller than the amount generated. Since a small amount is sufficient, a part is supplied to the pyrolysis chamber via the flow path 43 by the flow control distribution valve 46, but the rest branches off and passes through the dust collector 44 to remove dust, and the discharge path is provided. From 45, it is released into the atmosphere as a clean gas.

When the pressure between the distribution valve 35 and the pyrolysis chamber 22 via the system line 30 in the air supply line 4 rises abnormally, the pressure detector 37 detects the pressure and detects the flow rate of the exhaust line 4. To discharge to the discharge line 45 for safety.

When the pyrolysis action proceeds in the pyrolysis chamber 22 and the product gas is collected, the composition ratio of the gas component constituting the exhaust gas changes depending on the pyrolysis temperature. Is detected by the temperature detector 56 which detects
Only the product gas to be recovered during operation within the temperature range of 00 to 700 ° C. is guided from the distribution valve 54 to the system path 55 to generate the product gas G.
The gas generated outside the temperature range is taken out from the system 57 and separated from the effective gas G2. However, the gas recovered from the system 57 can also be sufficiently used as fuel in the fluidized bed combustion chamber.

The exhaust heat of the heat exchanger 42 interposed in the exhaust line 4 is sent by a blower 48 to the heating device 3 of the air supply line 3.
6, the waste heat of the heat exchanger 51 of the recovery line 5 is also reused, and the generated oil O separated by the gas-liquid separator 52 is also reused as a fuel for the fluidized bed incinerator. .

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the mode of thermal decomposition of waste, and the waste S1 supplied to the supply port 24 of each pyrolysis cylinder 2 is the first waste as shown in FIG. When the door 26 is opened, it is thrown into the preheating chamber 21 and the door 2 is opened as shown in FIG.
6 is closed and confined in the room.
2 is supplied with a high-heat gas from the system path 30, and the temperature of the thermal decomposition chamber is rising. After a certain period of time, the second door 27 at the top of the pyrolysis chamber 22 is opened and preheated as shown in FIG. 4C, and the dried waste S1 is introduced into the pyrolysis chamber. In the pyrolysis chamber 22, high-temperature gas is ejected from the nozzle and the outer wall 7
The waste starts to be thermally decomposed by the heat of conduction from the first stage. At this stage, the first door 26 is opened and the next waste S2 is thrown into the preheating chamber 21 at the same time as shown in FIG. After a lapse of a certain period of time when the thermal decomposition has sufficiently proceeded, the third door 28 is opened as shown in FIG. 8E, and the thermal decomposition product R (residue after the thermal decomposition of the waste S1) is introduced into the lowermost charging chamber 23. And the door 28 is closed immediately. In FIG. (F), the thermal decomposition product R in the charging chamber 23 is shown.
Indicates a state in which the next waste S2 after preheating has been transferred to the thermal decomposition chamber 22 at the same time as being supplied to the fluidized bed combustion chamber 11 by the pusher 25, and the operation is continued by such a cycle. . Therefore, a plurality of supply ports 24, a preheating chamber 21, a thermal decomposition chamber 22, and a charging chamber 23 are provided as one unit, and the respective units are sequentially operated, so that preheating, thermal decomposition, and incineration are continuous (intermittent if only one unit is used). )), Stable operation can be performed, and the amount of the pyrolyzed residue in the fluidized bed can be metered into the fluidized bed incinerator according to the capacity of the incinerator.

[0030]

As described above, the present invention relates to a fluidized bed incinerator for performing complete incineration of waste by linking the two functions of pyrolysis and combustion. This has the effect of developing a way to efficiently treat large amounts of these wastes in the treatment of wastes that are not constant. In the configuration of the present invention, the difference from the conventional method is that a plurality of tubular pyrolysis cylinders that are erected in contact with the outer wall of the fluidized bed combustion chamber are subjected to preheating and pyrolysis in advance by inputting waste, After assimilating waste such as municipal solid waste into almost qualitative pyrolysis products (residues), it can be quantitatively injected into the central fluidized bed combustion chamber, so that a stable fluidized bed is formed and the pyrolysis products are formed. Is based on the basic philosophy of leading to complete combustion.

From an economic point of view, each stage of the pyrolysis cylinder is in contact with the outer walls of the fluidized bed combustion chamber and the secondary combustion chamber, and the combustion heat is transferred and effectively used as a heat source for preheating and pyrolysis. At the design stage, the incineration capacity of the combustion tower and the reaction heat of various actions of the pyrolysis cylinder are systematically matched at the design stage, and various paths can be linked and controlled so as to execute optimal operating conditions. Can be improved. Furthermore, it is possible to maintain the quality of the product consisting of product gas and product oil at a certain high level and to reduce the running cost and maintenance cost by recycling it. To contribute to society by solving the important issue of mass processing of wastewater.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional front view and a control system diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an MM cross-sectional view (A), an NN cross-sectional view (B), and an enlarged cross-sectional view (C) of a nozzle portion in FIG.

FIGS. 3A to 3F show a cycle in a pyrolysis tube.

FIG. 4 is a vertical sectional front view of a conventional technique.

FIG. 5 is a vertical sectional front view of another prior art.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Combustion tower 2 Pyrolysis cylinder 3 Supply line 4 Exhaust line 5 Recovery line 6 Supply / discharge device (solid matter) 11 Fluidized bed combustion chamber 12 Secondary combustion chamber 13 Air box 14 Hearth 21 Preheating chamber 22 Pyrolysis chamber 23 Input Room 24 Supply port 25 Pusher 26,27,28 Door 31 Heating device 32 Valve 35 Distribution valve 41 Cyclone 42 Heat exchanger 43 System (reuse) 44 Dust collector 45 System (discharge) 51 Heat exchanger 52 Gas Liquid separator 53 Gas concentration detector 54 Distribution valve 55 System (recovery) A Heated air G1 Exhaust gas P Product G2 Product gas O Product oil B Heat medium R Thermal decomposition product (residue) K Incombustible material W Cooling water C

Claims (8)

[Claims] In a fluidized bed incinerator having a pyrolysis section and a combustion section, a plurality of combustion chambers 11 and a secondary combustion chamber 12 are provided with a plurality of longitudinally extending combustion towers 1 along an outer wall 17. A vertically long pyrolysis tube 2 is erected, and the pyrolysis tube 2 is provided with a waste S supply port 24, a preheating chamber 21, a pyrolysis chamber 22, and a charging chamber 23.
The charging chamber 23 communicates with the fluidized-bed combustion chamber 11, and the heated air A, the exhaust gas G1, and the product P
A fluidized bed incinerator for waste, wherein the systems and equipment of the air supply line 3, exhaust line 4, and recovery line 5 relating to the above are incorporated in a correlated manner. 2. The pyrolysis cylinder 2 according to claim 1, wherein the pyrolysis cylinder 2 is formed of a vertically long cylinder having a substantially rectangular cross section, and the supply port 2 is formed from above.
4. A preheating chamber 21, a pyrolysis chamber 22, and a loading chamber 23 provided with a pusher 25 at the bottom for feeding the pyrolysis product R into the fluidized bed combustion chamber 11, respectively, and doors 26 and 27 which open and close so as to be able to advance and retreat in the horizontal direction, respectively. And 28, the pyrolysis chamber 2
2, a supply line 3 for the heated air A and / or the exhaust gas G1 recovered from the exhaust line 4 and a recovery line 5 for a product P composed of the generated gas G2 and the generated oil O are connected. Fluidized bed incinerator of waste. 3. An air supply line 3 according to claim 1, wherein one end communicates with a number of nozzles 29 which are evenly opened on both lower sides of the thermal decomposition chamber 22, and the other end branched off is a fluidized bed combustion chamber 11 Of multiple jets 1 penetrating the hearth 14 at the bottom of the
A fluidized bed incinerator for waste, characterized in that it communicates with an air box (13) equipped with a waste gas (5). 4. The exhaust air line according to claim 1, wherein the exhaust air line is connected to the top opening 16 of the combustion tower 1 and heated air separately supplied by a distribution valve 35 via a cyclone 41 and a heat exchanger 42. A and a re-use line 43 which merges with the distribution valve 3
5. A fluidized bed incinerator for waste, comprising: a discharge line 45 that branches off before 5 through a dust collector 44. 5. The system according to claim 1, wherein the recovery line includes a system path for recovering an effective product gas separated by a distribution valve through a heat exchanger, a gas-liquid separator and a gas concentration detector. A fluidized bed incinerator for waste, comprising: a discharge system 57; 6. A pyrolysis chamber of a plurality of pyrolysis tubes (2), which are mixed with exhaust gas (G1) generated during combustion in a vertically long cylindrical combustion tower (1) and heated air (A) and stand upright along the outer wall of the combustion tower (1). 22, the waste S is heated by the conduction heat from the outer wall and the supply air, and thermal decomposition is promoted by stirring, and the qualitative thermal decomposition product R after the thermal decomposition treatment is fluidized bed in the combustion tower 1. It is injected quantitatively into the combustion chamber 11 and burns effectively in combination with the operation of the secondary combustion chamber 12 to extract effective product gas G2 and product oil O from the waste S such as municipal waste. An incineration method using a fluidized bed incinerator characterized by reuse. 7. An exhaust gas G1 by separating a heat medium such as sand from exhaust gas generated after complete combustion in the secondary combustion chamber 12 in the secondary combustion chamber 12, and thermally decomposing heated air A introduced from another line. The mixture is supplied to the pyrolysis chamber 22 by mixing with the distribution valve 35 so that the condition becomes optimum for the furnace condition of the chamber 22, and the mixing amount of the heated air A is reduced as the operation of the fluidized bed combustion chamber 11 proceeds. A method for incineration with a fluidized bed incinerator, characterized in that the amount of exhaust gas G1 is increased to supply air, and the content of air in the generated gas G2 is reduced to prevent dilution and recovery. 8. The method according to claim 7, wherein the pyrolysis temperature of the pyrolysis chamber 22 is controlled at 600 to 700 ° C., the generated gas generated within the range is extracted, and if a temperature outside the temperature range is detected, the temperature is automatically adjusted. A fluidized bed characterized by recovering an effective product gas G2 from the system 55 and reusing it by keeping the composition ratio of the product gas within a certain range at all times by discharging the product gas to a discharge system 57. Incineration method by incinerator.