JPH108075A - Organic waste solid fuel - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a solid fuel easy to be molded with no crumbling, and storable/preservable for a long period, with vegetable fibers serving as a binder, by molding and solidifying a mixture of dry peat such as grass peat or muddy peat and organic wastes produced by drying garbage or the like. SOLUTION: This solid fuel conveyable safely is obtained by molding and solidifying a mixture of >=20wt.% of dry peat such as grass peat and/or muddy peat containing >=10wt.% of water-soluble natural humic acids in a dry state based on the organic matter and the rest of organic wastes produced by drying garbage or the like.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to peat such as peat, peat, and the like, which are naturally produced and not included in coal.
The present invention relates to a solid fuel for organic waste mixed with organic waste such as garbage discharged from business establishments and homes.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Generally, garbage discharged from offices and homes contains a large amount of water, and has many problems such as decay and odor, and is disposed of by incineration or landfill. Particularly in large cities, the amount of waste generated increases year by year, and it is becoming difficult to secure landfill sites. For this reason, it has been developed to form a solid fuel from the garbage generated, heat the boiler using this as a fuel, and use it for power generation and steam generation. As this method, for example, a dry powder obtained by drying garbage and a fine powder of coal are mixed, and the mixture is formed into a pellet to produce a solid fuel.

[0003] The solid fuel using the fine powder of coal is easier to transport than garbage, so that it can be adsorbed on the surface of coal,
The humic acid contained in the coal has a deodorizing and disinfecting effect due to the action of humic acid, so it can be stored, stored and transported.Furthermore, garbage with little fluctuation in combustion conditions can be used as a heat source, and coal itself can be used as a heat source. It has the effect of burning calories.

However, conventional solid fuel using fine coal powder is mainly composed of regenerated humic acid, which is only slightly soluble in water, and has little deodorizing or sterilizing effect. Therefore, there is a problem that the solidifying action of humic acid is small, it is easily broken during storage or transportation, and the combustion state is not good. Further, it was difficult to separate organic matter and ash, so that the humin component in the product could not be adjusted.

[0005]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention eliminates the above-mentioned drawbacks, uses peat that has not been used much at present, makes use of the properties of peat to convert organic wastes such as garbage into fuel, deodorizes and removes waste. An object of the present invention is to provide an organic waste solid fuel which has an excellent sterilizing effect, can be easily solidified, can be stored, stored and transported for a long period of time, and has a good combustion state and can burn high calories.

[0006]

The organic waste solid fuel according to claim 1 of the present invention comprises a dry peat such as peat or peat containing plant fiber containing water-soluble natural humic acid.
It is characterized in that a mixture with organic waste obtained by drying garbage and the like is solidified by molding. Further, the organic waste solid fuel according to claim 2 is a dry peat containing 10% by weight or more of a water-soluble natural humic acid in an organic matter in a dry state.
20% by weight or more, with the balance being organic waste obtained by drying garbage and the like.

The solid fuel for organic waste according to claim 3 is obtained by molding and solidifying a mixture of dried plant fiber separated from peat and peat and organic waste obtained by drying garbage and the like. It is a feature, and it is easy to separate plant fiber containing natural humin from peat, and it is easy to adjust the amount of humic acid.

As the peat used in the present invention, for example, peat produced in the Tohoku region is mined and dried. This peat is not coal, such as lignite or lignite, but peat or peat that is not included in the classification of coal. This peat is derived from reeds, kaya, sedge, etc., and contains a large amount of plant fiber. In addition, peat is easy to dig because it is shallow in the ground, and it can be obtained at low cost because it has hardly been used.

[0009] When mining is carried out by manual or mechanical excavation, when it is laid sideways outdoors and allowed to dry naturally, the moisture content decreases to about 10 to 15% in 1 to 2 months, and the volume is 1/5 to 1/5. 1 /
At about 6, the specific gravity becomes about 0.3, so transportation becomes easy. In mechanical digging, a dredge is used to stir in water and suck with a hose to turn peat into pulp. Next, dehydrate with a filter and a centrifugal separator, further reduce the water content to about 15 to 30% through a drying cylinder, and then use a pellet granulator to reduce the water content to about 10% or less in the form of pellets. obtain.

As the peat, peat or peat peat may be used alone or as a mixture. In this case, the blending ratio is preferably about 10 to 80 peat coal: about 90 to 20 peat peat. The amount of the water-soluble natural humic acid contained in the dry peat is preferably 10% by weight or more based on the organic matter in a dry state. Because. In addition, peat is inhabited by a large number of microorganisms, and these microorganisms are determined by the plant components constituting the peat and redox conditions. According to the measurement results, from 1 g of peat in the upper layer, at a depth of 700 million and 25 to 50 cm, 25 million bacteria were counted, and 74 species of 24 genera were isolated.
In particular, there are many fungi resistant to acids.

It is also possible to separate plant fibers from peat and mix only high-quality plant fibers with organic waste.
This separation method includes a dissolution method and a dry pulverization method. In the dissolution method, when peat is dissolved in water, 80% of the plant fiber comes up and can be separated from ash. At this time, it is more effective to add a surfactant solution and carry out a floating separation. By drying the plant fiber thus float-selected, a high-quality plant fiber can be obtained.

In the dry pulverization method, peat is dried to a water content of about 20%, and then the dried peat is crushed by a crusher, which is then subjected to gravity sorting using a trommel with a sieve to remove ash and remove plant fiber. If only the quality is selected, the mixing with the organic waste becomes easier, and the ash is removed, so that the combustion efficiency can be improved. Further, the plant fiber contained in the peat has an internal surface area larger than that of coal or the like, so that internal drying is promoted, the amount of humic acid is increased, and drying is promoted due to solidification by oxidation of humic acid.

Organic waste such as garbage discharged from business establishments and households, organic sludge discharged from sewage treatment plants, and livestock dung discharged from livestock farmers has a high water content, and thus has a high water content. It is necessary to dry the water to about 20%. Further, when the water content is relatively large, sulfurous acid (H ₂ SO ₃ ) is effective for adjusting the water content as a binder. Sulfurous acid is a reducing substance, and if it encounters a strong reducing agent,
It has the property of being oxidized and itself reduced. Since humic acid is a strong reducing agent, if oxidized, humic acid increases and caking properties are strengthened. The dried organic waste is also ground in the same manner.

Next, the pulverized organic waste is mixed with pulverized peat or plant fiber separated from peat. This mixing ratio is preferably such that the dry peat is 20% by weight or more, and the remainder is dried organic waste. In this case, the dry peat used contains 10% by weight or more of water-soluble natural humic acid. The mixing ratio of dry peat is 20% by weight
If it is less than 3, moldability, sterilization / deodorization properties, etc. cannot be sufficiently obtained. Also, if necessary, add 2 to alkali such as lime.
When 5% by weight is added, elution of the water-soluble natural humic acid contained in the plant fiber is promoted.

A mixture of the thus dried organic waste and peat or plant fiber separated from peat is cast in a molding machine to form pellets having a diameter of about 10 to 30 mm to produce an organic waste solid fuel. I do. The organic waste solid fuel thus formed into pellets is improved in moldability and solidification properties by the fact that plant fiber acts as a binder, and even when subjected to vibration during transportation, it also becomes wet with water. Also, the shape can be maintained for a long period of time without breaking easily.

Peat, especially plant fiber, contains about 10 to 80% by weight of water-soluble natural humic acid in a dry state.
Fulvic acid is a water-soluble natural humic acid.Humic acid is gelatinous when wet, and brown or black-brown brittle mass or powder when dried. improves. For this reason, shape retention can be further improved by the consolidation action when molding into pellets, and solidification also progresses after molding, preventing collapse during transportation and storage, pulverization and causing pollution. it can.

Further, humic acid has an excellent sterilizing action and an excellent adsorption and deodorizing action, prevents rot of garbage and the like and generation of mold, adsorbs a bad odor and hardly feels an odor. Sterilization and deodorization are performed by a humic acid solution that is easily eluted even when wet with rain, and long-term storage stability is obtained. In addition, plant fibrous materials have a large number of filamentous strains on their surfaces, and can be a good habitat for bacteria, so that the decomposition of garbage can be promoted.

The organic waste solid fuel can also be burned as a fuel for a boiler. Since the plant fiber is mixed with the solid fuel, it is less crushed and powdered and has good ventilation when burning. Oxidation is sufficiently performed, organic waste and peat are burned to generate high calorie combustion heat, and no odor is generated during combustion. Further, if several percent of the pulverized plastic is mixed as needed, higher calorie combustion can be achieved. In addition, raw coal or sawdust may be added, and various bacteria may be added to further improve the preservability.

[0019]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below. The peat mined in Iwanuma City, Miyagi Prefecture was dried naturally and then pulverized to prepare a dry peat powder having a water content of 20% (vegetable fiber 32% by weight, water-soluble natural humic acid 42% by weight). In addition, the garbage discharged from the food factory is collected, crushed and dried with a dryer to reduce the water content to 20% and the diameter to 10 mm.
We made some dry garbage. The dry peat powder thus formed and the dry dust were mixed at the ratios shown in No. 1 to No. 3 in Table 1 to prepare a pellet-shaped organic waste solid fuel having a diameter of 20 mm using a molding machine.

With respect to this solid fuel, a storage test was conducted, and the surface state and the state of generation of odor after one month had elapsed were observed. In addition, a powdering and scattering test during transportation of the solid fuel was performed. In this test, 100 g of solid fuel was put into a beaker, and vibration was given five times a minute, and the amount of powder that had collapsed after 30 minutes had been measured. The solid fuel was burned, and the calorific value was measured. For comparison, an experiment was similarly performed on a sample in which the amount of dry peat powder added was reduced (No. 4), and the results are shown in Table 1.

[0021]

[Table 1]

From the results shown in the above table, the products of Examples were excellent in moldability without any surface collapse. In addition, it was odorless due to the disinfecting and deodorizing action of the water-soluble natural humic acid, and no mold was observed on the surface. The amount of scattered powder during transportation contains vegetable fiber as a binder, and the caking property for humic acid oxidation has been improved over time, confirming that there is almost no scattering during transportation. Was done. In addition, as a result of the combustion test, the solid fuel did not collapse and the air permeability was ensured, so that it burned well, and the calorific value was obtained more than 4000 calories.

Separately, plant fiber contained in peat was separated by a dissolving method and dried outdoors for 2 months to obtain a water content of 12% and a specific gravity of 0.34. 50% by weight of this dried plant fiber and dried garbage are mixed,
This mixture was molded to produce a solid fuel pellet. This solid fuel had a good surface condition after one month, had no odor, and as a result of a combustion test, had a calorific value of 4,500 calories and an extremely small amount of ash residue.

[0024]

As described above, according to the organic waste solid fuel according to the present invention, the plant fiber serves as a binder for the molded pellets, so that the molding is easy and the shape is not collapsed by the vibration due to transportation. In addition, the water-soluble natural humic acid contained in peat can be stored and preserved for a long period of time due to the disinfecting, deodorizing and solidifying effects of the humic acid, and can be transported safely. In addition, organic waste such as garbage with little fluctuation in combustion conditions and peat are used as a heat source, and since it contains plant fiber, solid matter during combustion is not collapsed and has excellent ventilation and high calorific value is obtained. be able to. As a result, since inexpensive peat and organic waste such as garbage are used as raw materials, an inexpensive heat source can be obtained, and the reduction of garbage and the difficulty of securing a landfill can be reduced.

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A method comprising solidifying a mixture of dry peat such as peat or peat peat containing plant fiber containing water-soluble natural humic acid and organic waste obtained by drying garbage. Organic waste solid fuel. 2. A dry peat containing 10% by weight or more of water-soluble natural humic acid with respect to organic matter in a dry state, 20% by weight or more, and the remainder is organic waste obtained by drying garbage and the like. The solid organic waste fuel according to claim 1, 3. An organic waste solid fuel obtained by molding and solidifying a mixture of dried vegetable fiber separated from peat and peat peat and organic waste obtained by drying garbage and the like.