JPH0753977A - Odorless fuel made of refuse - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To produce the fuel which can be easily transported, has a long storage life and is reduced in the formation of hydrogen chloride and in fluctuation in combustion conditions by solidifying by molding a mixture of a product obtained by grinding and drying refuse with a specified ground coal. CONSTITUTION:A product obtained by grinding and drying refuse produced from common household, an office, etc., is mixed with a ground coal having a particle diameter of 2.5mm or below, a water content of 20% or below and a humic acid content of 60-80wt.% and optionally a particulate adsorbent substance, and the mixture is solidified by molding.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to odorless garbage fuel.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Most of the garbage discharged from business establishments, households, etc. is landfilled, but part of it causes hygiene problems such as flies and mice, and causes foul odor and exudation. Environmental problems such as pollution of the surrounding water area by the liquid, and even the death of trees due to the harmful gas are generated.

On the other hand, it is becoming difficult to secure landfills in large urban areas where the amount of waste generated increases year by year, and there is a strong demand for reduction of waste.

Therefore, as one of the countermeasures, a method has been proposed in which combustible domestic waste is dried, pulverized and molded into a fuel (for example, by generating power) to reduce the amount of the waste and effectively use resources. .

Further, the conventional garbage fuel has a bad odor, and dust is generated, which is disliked in use. In addition, during the rainy season, there is a problem that it may not be able to maintain its shape and it will expand and become moldy, or it will be completely dissolved when it gets wet with water and the dissolved components in the waste will flow out, or that a foul odor will occur, which may lead to secondary pollution. It was

In addition, since hydrogen chloride is generated during combustion and corrodes the equipment, it is the current situation that the thermal efficiency must be reduced.

However, for stable and efficient operation of a power plant, for example, it is necessary to always store a required amount of waste commensurate with the amount of power generation that can ensure a certain combustion condition.

However, due to the above-mentioned generation of bad odor, it is not only extremely difficult from a hygiene and environmental point of view to store a large amount of dust in the premises of a power plant, but it also requires a large storage area because it is bulky. In addition to this, it is difficult to obtain a constant combustion condition, because dust is formed from various substances that generate different heat.

Therefore, in the present situation, the waste heat at the time of incineration of waste is effectively used to effectively use the resources to cover the in-house power.

[0010]

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The present invention is a heat source using dust that is easy to transport and can be stored, preserved and transported for a long period of time, reduces generation of hydrogen chloride, and has little fluctuation in combustion conditions. Provide odorless granular fuel that can be used as
This aims to reduce the amount of garbage and promote the effective use of resources, and at the same time alleviates the difficulty of securing landfills. Furthermore, by using it for landfill, it is possible to solve the problems of difficulty in securing landfill and odor.

[0011]

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The present invention provides that humic acid in natural coal has deodorizing property by ion exchange, that dry particles of coal have water repellency, and that S in coal has The present invention has been made in view of the fact that hydrogen chloride in combustion gas can be reduced by the action, and in order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention is a dry pulverized product of dust discharged from general households or offices and a particle size of 2.5 mm. An odorless garbage fuel characterized by being formed by solidifying a mixture with pulverized coal having a water content of 20% or less. Odorless garbage fuel according to the above invention mixed with a fine particle substance having adsorptivity. Humin in the above coal. The odorless waste fuel according to the first or second invention has an acid content of 60 to 80% by weight.

[0012]

The present invention has the following functions. Due to the water absorption of coal, it is possible to reduce the drying process of crushed dust. By using only the wettability of coal or mixing water-repellent fine particles, the shape can be maintained even during the rainy season or when it is wet with water, and it is possible to prevent the generation of mold, the outflow of eluted components, and the prevention of bad odors. By mixing coal, it is hard to be dissolved and dust is not generated, which is good for work health. Due to the calorific value of coal mixed in an appropriate amount, even if the calorific value of dust changes, a substantially constant amount of combustion conditions can be obtained, and a uniform combustion state can be obtained, so stable power generation and the like are possible. Hydrogen chloride in the combustion gas can be reduced by the coal mixed in an appropriate amount. This reduces boiler corrosion and increases thermal efficiency. Also, the anzatsu of chlorine compounds, which is a problem in cement plants, is reduced.

That is, the malodor of dust is not only deodorized due to the adsorptivity of the coal mixed in the optimum amount, but also does not change its shape when exposed to water due to the water repellency of the coal, and the action of S in the coal Since the generation of hydrogen chloride can be reduced, the generation of exudate and harmful gas is almost eliminated. Therefore, it is easy to store, and it is easy to use due to granulation, and a large amount of storage is possible.

In addition to this, the calorific value of coal mixed in an appropriate amount allows a substantially constant combustion condition to be obtained even if the calorific value of the dust changes, and a substantially uniform combustion state can be obtained, so that stable power generation is possible. Becomes Furthermore, it can be used for landfill.

Further, by mixing the dry pulverized coal in the garbage pit in the plant, the unpleasant odor in the plant can be greatly suppressed.

[0016]

[Examples] For example, brown coal produced from the Pavlovsky open-pit mine near the city of Novozakchinsky in Russia is
For example, the humic acid has various properties as shown in Tables 1 and 2
80%.

[0017]

[Table 1]

[0018]

[Table 2]

* Since diazinon was detected in the container, the concentration of the sample water before transportation was calculated by the following formula.

* Concentration before transport = (detected amount in water + detected amount in container) / water weight For example, diluting a diazinon 40% pesticide emulsion 1000 times with a liquid suitable for pulverizing brown coal, When the concentrations of the liquids before the adsorption treatment were compared, as shown in Table 2 (a survey by Nippon Kayaku Co., Ltd.), it had an extremely high adsorbability,
Further, it has a high deodorizing property such that the odor disappears as a result of shaking by putting the pulverized product of brown coal and cigarette smoke in a test tube. In addition, a high decolorizing result was obtained in a decolorizing test using methylene blue. The pulverized lignite coal has a property of being hard to get wet with water.

By mixing and molding coal and dust, which are deodorant (adsorptive) and have poor wettability, it is possible to produce a odorless and storable dust fuel having a substantially constant calorific value. did it.

In order to improve the deodorizing property, a known adsorbent substance such as bentonite or zeolite having an ion exchange function is mixed, or an insecticide is mixed to prevent the generation of harmful insects. Microorganisms that maintain the adsorptivity of
Further, the nutritional supplement may be mixed, and further one or several kinds of the above additives may be mixed if necessary.

Characteristic results of the above-mentioned Russian brown coal (1) Adsorption characteristics (particle diameter of brown coal 0.3 mm or less)

[0024]

[Table 3]

Particle size distribution of used lignite

[0026]

[Table 4]

(Experimental Example 1) Particle size 2.5 mm or less, water content 2
50 parts by weight of coal adjusted to 0% or less and 50 parts by weight of combustible dust dried and pulverized to have a particle size of about 10 mm are mixed by a mixer and molded by a molding machine.
Garbage fuel with this composition hardly feels a bad odor, and since it is dense, it can be burned under almost constant combustion conditions, generates little hydrogen chloride, and is suitable for power generation and other fuels. It was confirmed by combustion experiments. In addition, it was confirmed by experiments that it has a shape-retaining ability with respect to water, can suppress mold by humic acid, and can significantly suppress the outflow of eluted components, and can be stored for a long period of time. The shape at the time of molding is selected to be the most suitable for the burning structure of the combustion furnace.

(Experimental Example 2) 50 parts by weight of pulverized coal of about 2 mm or less is placed in a container, and soil fungi, which are microorganisms that extend the adsorption duration of brown coal, and nutrient sources of microorganisms are mixed. Next, the container is hermetically closed, the inside of the container is evacuated, and the atmosphere is opened to confine microorganisms in the pores of brown coal.
After that, 50 parts by weight of dust having a particle size of about 10 mm, which is dried and crushed, is added and mixed, and molding is performed by a molding machine.

(Experimental Example 3) 70 parts by weight of adsorptive coal crushed to have a particle size of about 2 mm or less and combustible dust 2 dried and crushed to a particle size of about 2 mm 2
5 parts by weight and 5 parts by weight of cement as a binder were placed in a stirrer, stirred while adding water and uniformly mixed, and then granulated to a particle size of about 10 mm by a granulator and dried. .
Garbage fuel with this blend hardly smells bad even if you smell it by putting it on the palm of your hand, and because the amount of lignite mixed is large, combustion under almost constant combustion conditions can be obtained, and other fuels for power generation It was confirmed by a combustion experiment that it is suitable as

Further, in order to increase the amount of combustible waste, an experiment was also conducted in which the amount of coal mixed was gradually decreased. Obviously, however, the smell was felt as the amount of coal mixed decreased, and the fine particulate It was confirmed that the admixture of adsorbent such as zeolite was required. The particle size at the time of granulation is selected to be the most suitable for the structure of the hearth of the combustion furnace.

(Experimental Example 4) Three tanks A, B, and C are prepared, and 30 parts by weight of combustible dust having a particle size of about 2 mm, which is dried and ground, is put in the tank A. Further, in the B tank, 70 parts by weight of brown coal crushed to have a particle size of about 2 mm and soil fungi that are microorganisms that extend the adsorption duration of coal and nutrient sources of microorganisms are mixed. Then, the tank B is hermetically closed, and the inside of the tank is temporarily vacuumed and then opened to the atmosphere to confine microorganisms in the fine pores of the coal. After that, the contents of the tank A and the tank B are transferred to the tank C, cement and water are added, and the mixture is stirred, granulated by a granulator and dried.

(Experimental Results) Submerged Characteristics (a) Expansion Rate FIG. 1 shows. (B) Elution component

[0033]

[Table 5]

By the action of S in coal, the generation of hydrogen chloride during combustion can be reduced and combustion efficiency can be increased.

Deodorizing property (a) Deodorizing property against dust (sensory test)

[0036]

[Table 6]

(B) Deodorant property against sludge (sensory test)

[0038]

[Table 7]

Further, in order to measure the wettability of pulverized coal having different water contents, the sample was placed in a beaker containing water and stirred several times, and then the weight of the sample above the water surface was measured (see FIG. 3). Show this).

Difficulty in wetting (%) = {Water surface upper sample (g)
/ Total amount of sample (g)} × 100

[0041]

As is apparent from the above, according to the present invention, by utilizing the characteristics of coal and mixing and molding it with dust, the generation of hydrogen chloride is reduced during odorless combustion and easy transportation and storage, and It can increase the recovery efficiency, obtain fuel for power generation and other fuels with almost constant combustion conditions, and solve the landfill problem, which is very effective for waste disposal.

That is, the following effects are exhibited. Due to the adsorptivity of coal, the bad odor of dust is eliminated. Due to the water absorption of coal, it is possible to reduce the drying process of crushed dust products. Due to the poor wettability of coal, it can be stored for a long time and can be used as an emergency fuel. By mixing coal, it is hard to be dissolved and dust is not generated, which is good for work health. Due to the calorific value of coal mixed in an appropriate amount, even if the calorific value of dust changes, a substantially constant amount of combustion conditions can be obtained, and a uniform combustion state can be obtained, so stable power generation and the like are possible.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a test table of resistance to odorless garbage fuel of the present invention in water immersion.

FIG. 2 is a pore size distribution curve of used brown coal.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the relationship between the water content of pulverized coal and the difficulty of wetting.

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Satoshi Fukai 3-709 Nakadai, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo A709

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A mixture of a dry pulverized product of garbage discharged from a general household or an office and pulverized coal having a particle size of 2.5 mm or less and a water content of 20% or less is formed and solidified. Odorless garbage fuel to be used. 2. The odorless waste fuel according to claim 1, wherein a fine particle substance having an adsorptive property is mixed. 3. The odorless garbage fuel according to claim 1, wherein the amount of humic acid in the coal is 60 to 80% by weight.