JPH108062A - Method for charging coal into carbonization chamber of coke oven - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To reduce the generation of carbon deposit in a carbonizations chamber of a cake oven. SOLUTION: Coal charged into a carbonization chamber of a coke oven is sprayed with water from spraying nozzles 5 directing downward and inward, arranged in lateral direction and attached to a charged coal leveler 2 in the case of charging coal discharged from a coal-charging hopper on a coal-charging vehicle into the carbonization chamber of the coke oven. The water content of the coal charged to the upper part of the carbonization chamber is controlled by this process to prevent the deposition of carbon in the carbonization chamber.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method of charging coal into a coke oven coking chamber which can reduce the amount of carbon adhering to the coking chamber in a coke oven furnace.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Generally, as shown in FIG. 7, coal cut from a plurality of coal-filling hoppers 11 mounted on a coal-charging car 10 is disposed on the ceiling of a coking chamber 6 in a coke oven 1 of a room furnace type. It is charged into the carbonization chamber 6 through a plurality of charging ports 7. At the stage when the charging of the coal into the coking chamber 6 is completed, a mountain of coal is formed immediately below the plurality of charging inlets 7, so that the surface of the charged coal has irregularities.

[0003] The presence of irregularities on the surface of the charged coal adversely affects the operation. To solve this problem, a small lid (not shown) provided above the furnace lid 8 is used. The leveler 2 is inserted in the longitudinal direction of the carbonization chamber 6, and the work of smoothing the uneven surface by repeating the forward and backward movements is performed. After the charged coal in the coking chamber 6 is flattened using the charged coal leveler 2, it is heated by heat transfer from combustion chambers (not shown) arranged at both ends of the coking chamber 6 in the furnace group. The coal is carbonized for 17-24 hours. When the coal dry distillation in the coking chamber 6 is completed, as shown in FIG. 8, the furnace lid 8 (see FIG. 7) on the machine side and coke side of the coking chamber 6 is removed, and the ram of the extruder 9 is used. Extrude coke cake 12. The coke cake 12 pushed out from the machine side to the coke side in this way is guided by the coke guide vehicle 13 and discharged to the fire extinguishing vehicle 14.

Incidentally, the carbonization chamber 6 in the coke oven 1
During the carbonization of the coal inside, coal gas containing tar is generated, and this fills the inside of the carbonization chamber 6. The hydrocarbon gas is thermally decomposed on the high temperature brick surface in the furnace in the carbonization chamber 6 to generate carbon. The carbon penetrates into pores, joints, or defects formed by spalling or the like formed on the furnace wall forming the inner surface of the carbonization chamber 6, and grows to form a strong carbon adhesion layer.

Since the place where carbon is deposited depends on the smoothness of the furnace wall and the temperature of the furnace wall, the thickness of the deposited layer in the furnace varies. For this reason, if left as it is, irregularities will occur on the furnace wall, the resistance will increase when the coke cake is extruded by the extruder, and eventually it will be impossible to extrude, causing so-called compaction. In the daily operation, air or oxygen gas is blown regularly to perform the removal work by burning down. However, this carbon baking operation is considered to be necessary and necessary to cause furnace body damage because it locally generates a high-temperature portion due to carbon combustion and lowers the temperature mainly in the vicinity of a furnace lid which becomes an air intrusion portion.

[0006] To cope with such a situation, a method of removing adhering carbon using an incineration removing apparatus (for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 61-231084) has been disclosed. It is difficult and has the drawback of removing too much of the necessary carbon joints due to overheating.
For the treatment of bricks and brick surfaces to which carbon is unlikely to adhere as a method of preventing adhesion, a method of applying a glaze to the brick and heat-treating the same (JP-A-59-174585), applying a glaze at the base stage and sintering A method using a brick (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 63-267883), a method using an inorganic binder and a fine powder refractory in a furnace (Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 55-4276), a method using SiO ₂ or A method of spraying Cr ₂ O ₃ (JP-A-2-160896) is disclosed.

However, these methods of applying a coating film on the brick surface in the carbonization chamber have disadvantages in that the cost of the spraying agent is high and the life thereof is short. Further, regarding the method of lowering the temperature of the upper space of the coking chamber and suppressing the generation of carbon, a method of introducing water vapor by providing a ventilation hole in the ceiling brick of the coking chamber (JP-A-50-2701), Method of forcibly introducing cooling gas by providing pores (Japanese Patent Publication No. 54-1979)
No. 10001), a method of introducing coke oven gas into the upper space of the coking chamber (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 3-210389), and a method of blowing at least one of CO ₂ and H ₂ O into the upper space of the coking chamber (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 3-210389). No. 212486) is disclosed. However, all of these methods have a drawback in that the furnace body needs to be remodeled because of the method of introducing gas from the upper part of the carbonization chamber, and the remodeling cost is high.

[0008]

The prior art disclosed in the above publications has the above-mentioned problems. Among them, the method disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 50-2701 is disclosed.
A problem common to both the method disclosed in JP-A-10001, the method disclosed in JP-A-3-210389, and the method disclosed in JP-A-3-212486 is that gas is supplied from the upper part of the carbonization chamber. Due to the method of introduction, there is a problem that a large-scale furnace body must be remodeled in order to apply it to an existing coke oven, resulting in a large remodeling cost.

The present invention has solved the above-mentioned problems of the prior art,
It is an object of the present invention to provide a method of charging coal into a coke oven carbonization chamber in which the amount of carbon adhering to the coke oven carbonization chamber can be reduced by simple improvement of the equipment.

[0010]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for charging coal cut out of a coal loading hopper mounted on a coal loading vehicle into a coking oven of a coke oven. By spraying water on the coal charged from the fountain nozzle attached to the charged coal leveler, and adjusting the water content of the coal charged in the upper part of the carbonization chamber, it prevents carbon deposition on the carbonization chamber This is a method of charging coal into a coke oven carbonization chamber.

The present invention according to claim 2 is characterized in that water is sprayed from watering nozzles which are provided at regular intervals in the longitudinal direction of the charged coal leveler, and each of which is attached to face downward and inward in the width direction. A method for charging coal into a coke oven carbonization chamber according to claim 1.

[0012]

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the present invention.
The carbonization chamber of the coke oven is filled with a hydrocarbon gas containing tar generated during the carbonization process of coal, and this gas is thermally decomposed on a high-temperature brick surface in the furnace to generate carbon. Regarding the influencing factors of carbon formation, see the report "Sumitomo Metals"
As described in Vol. 456 (1993) pp. 42-49, it is known that the volatile content of the coal is VM, the moisture TW of the coal, the temperature T of the carbonization chamber, and the flow rate V of the generated gas. The temperature of the deposited carbon is high because hydrocarbons present in the gas phase are thermally decomposed and grow and adhere in the gas phase.
Fast adhesion speed. Therefore, it is effective to lower the temperature of the upper space in order to remove the upper carbon. By the way, the transition of the temperature in the coal in the height direction with respect to the carbonization time of the coal in the coke oven carbonization chamber is shown in FIG. 5, but the temperature of the upper coal rises faster than that of the middle and lower layers because it is affected by radiation from the upper space. This is one of the factors that further increase the temperature of the head space.

[0013] From these facts, the present inventors enthusiastically conducted carbonization experiments and heat transfer calculations, and by increasing the moisture of coal charged in the upper part of the carbonization chamber by several percent compared to the middle and lower layers, the final carbonization end time It has been found that the head space temperature can be reduced without increasing the temperature. Since the temperature distribution in the height direction differs depending on the furnace body structure, the amount of water added may be set according to the coke oven. Increasing the water content of the upper layer also has the effect of reducing the concentration of the hydrocarbon gas and reducing the carbon generation rate.

As a method for increasing the water content of the coal charged in the upper part of the coking chamber, a method of selectively charging coal having a high water content into the upper part of the coke oven in advance can be considered. Since the resistance is increased, the bulk density of the coal at the upper part of the coke oven is reduced, and there is a concern that the coke quality varies. Therefore, a method of sprinkling water on charged coal was considered.

In this case, as shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 3, in the present invention, the charged coal leveler 2 for scraping coal is provided on both upper sides of a large number of partition plates 15 arranged at equal intervals in the longitudinal direction. A pair of water supply pipes 4 is provided along the longitudinal direction of the charged coal leveler 2. Then, a large number of fountain nozzles 5 branched from each water supply pipe 4 are attached facing downward and inward in the width direction. The figure shows a case where one fountain nozzle 5 is mounted at an intermediate position of each partition plate 15, but the present invention is not limited to this, and a plurality of fountain nozzles 5 are mounted at equal intervals as necessary. Is also good. In short, it is preferable to arrange so that water can be sprayed on the surface of the charged coal as uniformly as possible.

In the present invention, when coal is charged from the charging port 7 of the coke oven 1 into the coking chamber 6 as in the prior art described with reference to FIG. 2 is inserted into the carbonization chamber 6, and the work of flattening the uneven surface formed on the charged coal is performed. Next, as shown in FIG. 4, the charged coal leveler 2 is inserted to the innermost end of the carbonization chamber 6, and water is supplied from the water supply pipe 4 provided on the charged coal leveler 2 as described above to form a fountain. The water is sprayed from the nozzle 5 to the coal surface in the coking chamber 6 facing inward downward in the width direction. As a result, it is possible to increase the moisture of the coal at the top of the charged coal without wetting the furnace wall of the carbonization chamber 6 with water spray.

According to the present invention, there is no need to remodel the furnace body at all, and the remodeling of a coal-charging car can be performed simply by installing a water supply pipe and a fountain nozzle for sprinkling water on a charged coal leveler and installing a water supply tank. It is. The most economical range may be selected by arbitrarily selecting the amount of water sprayed while the coke oven is in operation.

[0018]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be specifically described below based on embodiments. In a coke oven having an inner volume of 39 m ³ / kiln and a coal charging amount of 29 t / kiln, a water supply pipe and a fountain nozzle were attached to a charged coal leveler of a coal loading car. After completion of the leveler operation with charging coal into the coking chamber, 150 liters of water was injected into the upper coal from the fountain nozzle. The amount of water added corresponds to an amount that raises the water content of coal for a charging height of 1 m by 3%. The injection volume just below the inlet was 1.5 times that of the other parts. Table 1 shows the results of carbon adhesion thickness and carbonization time when water was injected according to the present invention and when water was not injected during normal operation, and FIG. 6 shows changes in carbonization temperature during carbonization time during water injection. In addition, the amount of carbon attached was compared by measuring the thickness of the attached carbon to the test piece with a microscope after charging a brick test piece into the furnace after charging. As is evident from the results, the rising speed of the upper temperature in the coal was reduced, the upper temperature was lowered, and the carbon deposition amount was significantly reduced.

[0019]

[Table 1]

[0020]

As described above, according to the present invention, the fountain nozzle attached to the charged coal leveler is used to drop and charge the coal cut from the coal hopper into the coking chamber of the coke oven. By spraying water on the coal charged from above and adjusting the water content of the coal charged in the upper part of the carbonization chamber, it is possible to suppress the adhesion of carbon in the upper part of the carbonization chamber without extending the carbonization end time. As a result, the frequency of carbon removal is significantly reduced, which can greatly contribute to solving the problems of productivity reduction and furnace body damage acceleration due to carbon adhesion trouble.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a plan view showing a charged coal leveler according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a side view as viewed in the direction of arrows AA in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line BB of FIG.

FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a state of charging coal into a coke oven carbonization chamber according to the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a graph showing the relationship between the carbonization time (hr) of coal charged and the temperature in coal (° C.) for the upper, middle, and lower parts of the charged coal.

FIG. 6 is a graph showing the relationship between the dry distillation time (hr) of the charged coal and the temperature in the coal (° C.) for the upper portion (before adding moisture) and the lower portion (after adding moisture).

FIG. 7 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a state of charging coal into a coke oven carbonization chamber according to the related art.

FIG. 8 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing a coke extrusion state from a coke oven carbonization chamber according to the related art.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Coke oven 2 Charging coal leveler 3 Partition plate 4 Water supply pipe 5 Fountain nozzle 6 Carbonization room 7 Charging inlet 8 Furnace lid 9 Extruder 10 Coking truck 11 Charging hopper 12 Coke cake 13 Coke guide truck 14 Fire extinguishing truck 15 Partition plate

Claims (2)

[Claims] When charging coal cut from a coal loading hopper mounted on a coal loading vehicle into a carbonization chamber of a coke oven, water is sprayed on coal charged from a fountain nozzle attached to a charged coal leveler, A method for charging coal in a coke oven carbonization chamber, comprising preventing the adhesion of carbon to the carbonization chamber by adjusting the moisture of the coal charged in the upper part of the carbonization chamber. 2. The coke oven according to claim 1, wherein water is sprayed from water spray nozzles, each of which has a predetermined interval in the longitudinal direction of the charged coal leveler and is installed facing inward downward in the width direction. How to load coal into the coking chamber.