JPH1072125A - Method and device for loading/unloading cargo in ship - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To improve work efficiency of cargo handling from a ship, by conveying a loaded material such as chip by a belt conveyer from the ship continuously transported to a plant. SOLUTION: In this constitution, a loaded material such as chip or the like conveyed by a belt conveyer 98a from a ship 97 is received and stored in a hopper main unit 20 mounted in a work machine of a crawler type construction vehicle 1, the material such as chip or the like is loaded in a transport vehicle 99 by opening a bottom part of the hopper main unit 20, so as to be continuously transported to a plant.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a hopper mounted on a working machine of a self-propelled construction vehicle, which stores a load such as chips conveyed from a ship by a belt conveyor, and loads the hopper from the hopper onto a transport vehicle. The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for loading cargo on a ship.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a load such as chips loaded and unloaded from a ship is temporarily stacked on a stock yard near a quay by a belt conveyor, and the chips are loaded on a transport vehicle by a shovel loader or the like. Transported to the factory.

[0003] As a prior art in which a hopper is attached to the tip of a working machine of a conventional self-propelled construction vehicle, for example, Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open Publication No. 4-65.
According to No. 844, instead of a bucket at the tip of the arm of the shovel loader, a hopper for receiving soil, and a belt conveyor supported on the lower part of the hopper in the left-right direction and transporting the soil falling from the hopper to the outside. A roadside embankment device is described.

[0004]

However, in the above-mentioned conventional method, since the load is temporarily stacked in the stock yard, the work from loading / unloading to transport cannot be performed continuously. However, there is a problem that a large stock yard is required. Therefore, it is necessary to continuously carry out the operation of loading and unloading a load such as chips conveyed from a ship on a belt conveyor. It is necessary to improve the work efficiency by performing the loading operation on the transport vehicle during the unloading operation by the belt conveyor. The aforementioned Japanese Utility Model 4-6584
Even though the roadside embankment device of No. 4 is suitable for small-scale civil engineering work, its work efficiency is poor as a cargo-loading device for ships.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned conventional problems. A hopper is mounted on a working machine of a self-propelled construction vehicle, and the hopper receives and stores a load conveyed by a belt conveyor. An object of the present invention is to provide a method and apparatus for loading and unloading a ship, which does not require a large stock yard, while improving the work efficiency by loading the load on a transport vehicle.

[0006]

In order to achieve the above object, a first aspect of the present invention relates to a method and apparatus for loading cargo on a ship according to the present invention. A method of loading and unloading a load from a hopper body to a transport vehicle, the method comprising: loading a load such as chips conveyed by the belt conveyor on a hopper body, and opening the bottom of the hopper body. The loaded load such as chips is loaded on a transport vehicle, and when the load such as chips is fully loaded in the hopper main body, the overflow guide of the hopper main body is opened and conveyed by another belt conveyor. It is characterized by the following. According to the above-mentioned method of loading and unloading, the load such as chips conveyed from the ship on the belt conveyor is continuously conveyed to the factory via the hopper main body and the transport vehicle, and therefore is not piled up. Also. When the hopper body was full of loads such as chips, the overflow guide of the hopper body was opened and conveyed by another belt conveyor.
Even if the arrival of the transport vehicle is delayed, the work efficiency is improved because the belt conveyor is continuously transported from the ship.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the method for loading and unloading cargo on a ship according to the first aspect of the present invention, the loading platform of one transport vehicle is fully loaded with the load such as chips stored in the hopper body. According to the above cargo handling method, since the capacity of the hopper main body is made to match the loading capacity of one transport vehicle, the transport vehicle can be fully loaded by one opening operation of the hopper main body. There is no waiting time for loading, the transport efficiency is improved, and operability is good because the hopper body only needs to be operated once.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the method for loading and unloading cargo on a ship according to the first aspect of the present invention, the bottom of the hopper body is closed until after the load such as the chips is loaded on the transport vehicle and another transport vehicle enters. In addition, a load such as chips is stored. According to the above cargo handling method, cargo such as chips is stored in the hopper body before the next transport vehicle enters, so that the loading waiting time of the transport vehicle can be eliminated, thereby improving transport efficiency. .

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a cargo handling apparatus for a ship for loading chips or the like conveyed from a ship on a belt conveyor from a hopper body to a transport vehicle. Belt conveyor 9
8a and a hopper body 20, 3 for receiving and storing a load such as chips conveyed from the main belt conveyor 98a.
0, 40 and a sub-belt conveyor 98b for transporting a load such as chips overflowing from the hopper bodies 20, 30, 40. According to the above configuration, the load such as chips loaded and unloaded from the ship 97 is usually on the main belt conveyor 98a and the hopper bodies 20, 30, and 40, and is not piled up in a wide stock yard. Does not require a large stockyard. Loads overflowing from the hopper bodies 20, 30, and 40 are transported by the sub-belt conveyor 98b. Therefore, even if there is a delay in arriving at the transport vehicle, the continuous conveyance of the main belt conveyor 98a is performed, so that the work efficiency is improved.

According to a fifth aspect of the invention, in the configuration of the fourth aspect, the hopper bodies 20, 30, and 40 are mounted on a working machine of the self-propelled construction vehicle 1. According to the above configuration, the hopper bodies 20, 30, and 40 are more compact than a conventional hopper device fixed to a stockyard, and the opening of the hopper bodies 20, 30, and 40 is operated by a self-propelled construction vehicle. Since the hydraulic and electric devices mounted on the device 1 can be used, the structure is simple and the cost can be reduced. Further, since the operation of the hopper body is easy by using the hydraulic and electric devices of the self-propelled construction vehicle 1, the operation of the hopper body and the like can be simplified. Even when the hopper body is removed and a bucket is mounted, the hopper body can be easily replaced and the hopper body can be placed at an arbitrary position in the stock yard.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in the configuration according to any one of the fourth to fifth aspects, the hopper bodies 20, 3 are provided.
Numerals 0 and 40 are configured to be tiltable. According to the above configuration, the load that overflows from the hopper main body can be easily conveyed by the sub-belt conveyor, so that work efficiency is improved.

According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, in the configuration according to any one of the fourth to sixth aspects, the hopper bodies 20, 3 are provided.
0, 40 bottoms 20a, 20b, 30a, 30b, 40
a can be opened and closed. According to the above configuration, by opening the bottom of the hopper body, the load can be loaded on the transport vehicle by natural fall. In addition, by closing the bottom of the hopper body, the load can be accumulated for the next transport vehicle. Therefore, the loading waiting time of the transport vehicle can be eliminated, and the transport efficiency is improved.

According to an eighth aspect of the present invention, in the configuration according to any one of the fourth to sixth aspects, the hopper bodies 20, 3 are provided.
In this configuration, an overflow guide 21 that can be opened and closed is provided at the front of the zero. According to the above configuration, by opening the overflow guide, the load that overflows from the hopper body can be easily conveyed by the sub-belt conveyor, so that the work efficiency is improved.

According to a ninth aspect, in the configuration according to any one of the fourth to eighth aspects, the first hydraulic cylinder 63 for tilting the hopper body 20 and the hopper body 20 are provided.
Hydraulic cylinder 61 for opening and closing the bottoms 20a and 20b of the cylinder
And the bottom side pipeline 58c of the first hydraulic cylinder 63,
A hydraulic pressure sensor 90 connected to the
0, and the pilot control valve 96 which is opened by an electric signal from the hydraulic pressure sensor 90;
A direction switching valve 60 that supplies pressure oil to the hydraulic cylinder 61, and when the oil pressure detected by the oil pressure sensor 90 becomes a predetermined value or more and a load such as a chip loaded on the hopper body 20 becomes overloaded. Sets the pilot control valve 96 to the open position in response to an electric signal from the hydraulic pressure sensor 90 and switches the direction switching valve 60 to switch the second hydraulic cylinder 61
To open the bottoms 20a and 20b of the hopper body 20 to discharge a load such as chips. According to the above configuration, when a load such as a chip is excessively loaded on the hopper body 20 and the overload occurs, the bottoms 20a and 20b of the hopper body 20 are automatically opened to discharge the load such as chips. It is safe because I did.

[0015]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of a method and apparatus for loading cargo on a ship according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. The self-propelled construction vehicle to which the hopper body is attached can be applied to construction machines such as a hydraulic shovel, a dozer shovel, and a shovel loader. In the following embodiments, an example in which a hydraulic shovel is applied will be described. First, an entire embodiment of a method and apparatus for loading cargo on a ship according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. As shown in FIG. 1, a load such as chips loaded on the ship 97 berthed is a hopper 97a installed on the ship 97 by a grab bucket or the like.
It is thrown into. The load such as chips is transferred from a hopper 97a to a main belt conveyor 9 installed in a stock yard.
8a. The load such as chips transported by the main belt conveyor 98a is a hydraulic excavator 1 (hereinafter, referred to as a hydraulic excavator 1).
This is referred to as a self-propelled construction vehicle 1. ) Is dropped onto the hopper body 20 attached to the tip of the work machine. When the transport vehicle 99 enters below the hopper body 20, the bottom of the hopper body 20 is opened, chips and the like are loaded on the transport vehicle 99, and the vehicle 9
By 9, chips and the like are transported to the factory.

Next, as shown in FIG. 2, chips and the like are continuously conveyed from the ship by the main belt conveyor 98a even when the entry of the transport vehicle is delayed or does not arrive. At this time, the hopper body 20 attached to the tip of the working machine of the self-propelled construction vehicle 1 closes the bottom and tilts forward to open the overflow guide 21. Thus, chips and the like can be transported by the sub-belt conveyor 98b via the hopper body 20 and can be lowered to the stock yard. In this way, the load such as chips can be continuously loaded on the transport vehicle or loaded and unloaded to the stock yard.

Next, first to third embodiments of the hopper main body mounted on the tip of the working machine of the self-propelled construction vehicle 1 and a hydraulic circuit will be described with reference to FIGS. First, the lower traveling body 2 of the self-propelled construction vehicle 1 shown in FIG. 3 is capable of traveling back and forth by driving of traveling motors 73 and 74 described later (described with reference to FIG. 14). A swing motor 7, which will be described later (described with reference to FIG. 14), is provided above the lower traveling body 2 via a swing circle 3.
2 is provided with an upper swing body 4 that can swing by the drive of the second swing mechanism. A boom 5 is attached to a bracket (not shown) of the upper swing body 4. This boom 5 is a boom cylinder 6
It can swing up and down. An arm 7 is attached to the tip of the boom 5. The arm 7 is operable in an excavation / dump direction by an arm cylinder 8. The tip of the arm 7 is attached to the hopper body 2 of the first embodiment.
0 is attached. The working machine of the self-propelled construction vehicle 1 includes a boom 5 and an arm 7.

FIG. 3 shows the hopper body 20 of the first embodiment.
This will be described with reference to FIGS. As shown in FIG.
20 fixed to tip end of hopper and hopper body 20
A is attached. The thrust of the cylinder 9 for the hopper body 20 that tilts the hopper body 20 is generated by the links 10a and 10a.
b, which is fixed to the hopper body 20 through the b
A is transmitted to A. The expansion and contraction of the cylinder 9 for the hopper body 20 enables the hopper body 20 to tilt forward or backward. The lower part of the hopper body 20 has a front bottom part 2.
0b and a rear bottom 20a. The front bottom portion 20b and the rear bottom portion 20a form a bottom opening / closing cylinder 23.
It can be opened and closed by the expansion and contraction of. Also, as shown in FIG.
An overflow guide 21 is attached to the hopper body 20 by a hinge 21a. The guide 21 can be opened and closed freely by expansion and contraction of an overflow guide cylinder 22.

FIG. 4 is a plan view of the hopper body 20. The arm 7 includes brackets 20A, 20A fixed to the main body 20.
It is attached to A. Openable and closable bottom portions 20a and 20b are provided at the center of the main body 20. This bottom 20
a, opening and closing cylinder 2 for opening and closing the bottom
3, 23 are provided. The structure by which the bottom is opened and closed will be described later (described with reference to FIG. 7). The Z view in FIG. 4 will be described with reference to FIG. Guide cylinder 22 for overflow shown in FIG.
Is attached to a fixed cover 20c of the hopper body 20. The other end of the cylinder 22 is an overflow guide 2
It is attached to 1. The Y view in FIG. 5 will be described with reference to FIG. The overflow guide 21 of the hopper body 20 is tilted by the shortening drive of the overflow guide cylinder 22 as shown by a two-dot chain line. Bottom 20a of hopper body 20
When the bottom opening / closing cylinder 23 is driven to extend, the bottom portion 20b is opened as shown by a two-dot chain line. The operation of the bottom 20a and the bottom 20b of the hopper body 20 will be described with reference to the perspective view of FIG.

As shown in FIG. 7, a rotating shaft 25a is rotatably attached to one end of a fixed cover 20B of the hopper body 20. A turning member 26a is attached to the turning shaft 25a. The turning member 26a is fixed to the plate 24a. A bracket 20e is fixed to the plate 24a. A rotating shaft 2 is provided at the other end of the fixed cover 20B.
5b is attached rotatably. A turning member 26b is attached to the turning shaft 25b. The turning member 26b is fixed to the plate 24b. A bracket 20e is fixed to the plate 24b. One end of a bottom opening / closing cylinder 23 that opens and closes bottoms 20a and 20b provided at a lower portion of the hopper body 20 is connected to a bracket 20e fixed to a plate 24a, and the other end of the cylinder 23 is a plate 2
4b and is connected to a bracket 20e fixed to 4b.

The hydraulic circuits of the hydraulic shovel, the cylinders for operating the hopper body, and the like shown in FIGS. 1 to 7 will be described with reference to FIG. Note that the reference numerals of the cylinders and the like shown in FIGS. 1 to 7 are changed and described in FIG. The engine 50 drives a variable displacement hydraulic pump 51 (hereinafter, referred to as a hydraulic pump 51) and a pilot hydraulic pump 80 (hereinafter, referred to as a pilot hydraulic source 80). The hydraulic pump 51 is provided with pipes 52, 52a, 52b, 52c, 5
The first to eighth directional control valves 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 6 via 2d, 52e, 52f, 52g.
0 is connected. The first to eighth directional control valves 53, 5
4, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, and 60 are connected to respective conduits 53c, 53d, 54c, 54d, 55c, and 55.
d, 56c, 56d, 57c, 57d, 58c, 58
d, 59c, 59d, 60c, 60d, the cylinder 61 for opening and closing the bottom of the hopper body, the guide cylinder 62 for overflow, the cylinder 63 for tilting the hopper body,
Left and right boom cylinders 70, 70, arm cylinder 71,
Swing motor 72, left running motor 73, right running motor 74
Is connected to The bottom opening / closing cylinder 61 may be used as two cylinders similarly to the left and right boom cylinders 70, 70.

The pilot hydraulic power source 80 is connected to pipelines 81, 81
a, 81b, 81c, 81d, 81e, the first to sixth operating means 82a, 83a, 84a, 85a, 86a,
87a. Operating levers 82, 83, 84,
85, and the pedals 86, 87
2a, 83a, 84a, 85a, 86a, and 87a are provided so as to interlock with each other. When the operating lever 82 is operated in the N1 direction, the pilot signal H1 from the first operating means 82a acts on the operating portion 53b of the first direction switching valve 53.
Therefore, the valve 53 is switched to the position b, and the hydraulic pump 51
From the pipe 52 flows into the right running motor 74 via the pipe 53c through the branch pipe 52a.
As a result, the motor 74 is driven forward. When the operating lever 82 is operated in the N2 direction, the pilot signal H2 from the first operating means 82a is applied to the operating section 53 of the first directional control valve 53.
Acts on a. For this reason, the valve 53 switches to the a position,
The pressure oil discharged from the hydraulic pump 51 passes through the pipeline 52 from the branch pipeline 52a to the right traveling motor 7 via the pipeline 53d.
Flow into 4. As a result, the motor 74 is driven backward. When the operating lever 83 is operated in the M1 direction, the pilot signal G1 from the second operating means 83a is applied to the second direction switching valve 5
4 operates on the operation unit 54b. For this reason, the valve 54
The position is switched to the position, and the hydraulic oil discharged from the hydraulic pump 51 flows from the pipe 52 through the branch pipe 52b to the left traveling motor 73 via the pipe 54c. Thereby, the motor 7
3 is driven forward. When the operating lever 83 is operated in the direction M2, the pilot signal G2 from the second operating means 83a acts on the operating portion 54a of the second direction switching valve 54. Therefore, the valve 54 is switched to the position a, and the pressure oil discharged from the hydraulic pump 51 flows from the pipe 52 through the branch pipe 52b to the left traveling motor 73 through the pipe 54d. As a result, the motor 73 is driven backward.

When the operating lever 84 is operated in the direction L1, the pilot signal F1 from the third operating means 84a acts on the operating portion 55b of the third directional control valve 55. Therefore, the valve 55 is switched to the position "b", and the pressure oil discharged from the hydraulic pump 51 passes through the branch line 52c from the line 52 to the line 55c.
Through the swing motor 72. Thus, the motor 72 is driven to turn right. When the operating lever 84 is operated in the L2 direction, the pilot signal F2 from the third operating means 84a acts on the operating portion 55a of the third directional control valve 55.
For this reason, the valve 55 is switched to the position a, and the hydraulic pump 51
Is discharged from the pipe 52 through the branch pipe 52c to the turning motor 72 via the pipe 55d. Thus, the motor 72 is driven to turn left. When the operating lever 84 is operated in the direction K1, the pilot signal E1 from the third operating means 84a is applied to the operating section 56 of the fourth directional control valve 56.
Acts on b. Therefore, the valve 56 switches to the position b,
The pressure oil discharged from the hydraulic pump 51 flows from the pipe 52 through the branch pipe 52d to the bottom chamber 71b of the arm cylinder 71 via the pipe 56c. Thereby, the cylinder 71 is driven to extend. When the operating lever 84 is operated in the direction K2, the pilot signal E from the third operating means 84a is output.
2 acts on the operating portion 56a of the fourth direction switching valve 56. Therefore, the valve 56 is switched to the position a, and the pressure oil discharged from the hydraulic pump 51 passes from the pipe 52 through the branch pipe 52d, through the pipe 56d, and through the head chamber 7 of the arm cylinder 71.
1a. Thus, the cylinder 71 is driven for shortening.

When the operating lever 85 is operated in the direction P1, the pilot signal D1 from the fourth operating means 85a acts on the operating portion 57b of the fifth direction switching valve 57. Therefore, the valve 57 is switched to the position b, and the pressure oil discharged from the hydraulic pump 51 passes from the pipe 52 through the branch pipe 52e to the pipe 57c.
Through the bottom chambers 7 of the left and right boom cylinders 70, 70
0b and 70b. Thereby, the cylinder 7
0 and 70 are driven for extension. When the operation lever 85 is operated in the direction P2, the pilot signal D from the fourth operation means 85a is output.
2 acts on the operation portion 57a of the fifth direction switching valve 57. Therefore, the valve 57 is switched to the position a, and the pressure oil discharged from the hydraulic pump 51 passes through the branch line 52e from the line 52, passes through the line 57d, and the left and right boom cylinders 70, 70.
Into the head chambers 70a, 70a. As a result, the cylinders 70, 70 are shortened. When the operating lever 85 is operated in the O1 direction, the pilot signal C1 from the fourth operating means 85a acts on the operating portion 58b of the sixth direction switching valve 58. Therefore, the valve 58 is switched to the position b, and the pressure oil discharged from the hydraulic pump 51 is supplied from the pipe 52 to the branch pipe 5.
Bottom chamber 63 of hopper body cylinder 63 (also serves as bucket cylinder) through line 58c through line 58c.
b. Thus, the cylinder 63 is driven to extend. When the operating lever 85 is operated in the O2 direction, the pilot signal C2 from the fourth operating means 85a acts on the operating portion 58a of the sixth direction switching valve 58. Therefore, the valve 58 is switched to the a position, and the pressure oil discharged from the hydraulic pump 51 passes from the pipe 52 to the head chamber 63a of the hopper body cylinder 63 through the branch pipe 52f through the pipe 58d. Inflow. Thus, the cylinder 63 is driven for shortening.

When the pedal 86 is operated to the left as shown in the figure, the pilot signal B2 from the fifth operating means 86a acts on the operating section 59a of the seventh directional control valve 59. Therefore, the valve 59 is switched to the position a, and the pressure oil discharged from the hydraulic pump 51 passes through the branch line 52g from the line 52 through the line 59d.
Flows into the head chamber 62a of the overflow guide cylinder 62 via Thus, the cylinder 62 is shortened. When the pedal 86 is operated to the right as shown in FIG.
The pilot signal B1 from the operating means 86a acts on the operating part 59b of the seventh directional control valve 59. Therefore, the same valve 5
9 switches to the position b, and the pressure oil discharged from the hydraulic pump 51 passes from the pipe 52 to the bottom chamber 6 of the overflow guide cylinder 62 via the pipe 59c through the branch pipe 52g.
2b. Thus, the cylinder 62 is driven to extend. When the pedal 87 is operated to the left as shown in the figure, the pilot signal A2 from the sixth operating means 87a acts on the operating section 60a of the eighth directional control valve 60. Therefore, the valve 60
Is switched to the position a, and the pressure oil discharged from the hydraulic pump 51 flows into the head chamber 61a of the hopper body bottom opening / closing cylinder 61 from the pipe 52 via the pipe 60d. Thus, the cylinder 61 is driven for shortening. When the pedal 87 is operated to the right in the figure, the pilot signal A1 from the sixth operating means 87a acts on the operating section 60b of the eighth directional control valve 60. Therefore, the valve 60 is switched to the position b, and the pressure oil discharged from the hydraulic pump 51 is transferred from the pipe 52 to the pipe 60c.
Through the bottom chamber 6 of the hopper body bottom opening / closing cylinder 61
1b. Thus, the cylinder 61 is driven to extend.

Next, a description will be given of a method of loading and unloading a load on a ship shown in FIGS. 1 to 7 and FIG. According to the load carrying method and the apparatus according to the present invention, the load such as chips conveyed from the ship 97 by the main belt conveyor 98a is transferred from the hopper body 20 attached to the tip of the working machine of the hydraulic shovel to the transport vehicle 99. It is designed to be loaded. Thus, the load such as chips is continuously transported to the factory, so that it is not piled up. Further, the capacity of the hopper body 20 is one transport vehicle 99.
Of the hopper body 20
The transport vehicle 99 can be fully loaded by the bottom opening operation. Thereby, there is no waiting time for loading of the transport vehicle 99, the transport efficiency is improved, and the hopper body 20 only needs to be operated once, so that the operability is good. Further, after the load such as chips is loaded on the transport vehicle 99, the bottom portions 20a and 20b of the hopper body 20 can be closed and the load such as chips can be stored until another transport vehicle enters. Since the waiting time for loading the transport vehicle can be eliminated, the transport efficiency is improved.

Further, a main belt conveyor 98a for transporting a load such as chips from the ship 97 is provided. A hopper body 20 for receiving and storing a load such as chips conveyed from the main belt conveyor 98a is mounted on the tip of the arm 7 of the self-propelled construction vehicle 1. A sub-belt conveyor 98b that conveys a load such as chips overflowing from the hopper body 20 is arranged. In this way, the load such as chips can be continuously loaded from the hopper body 20 into the transport vehicle 99. The load such as chips overflowing from the hopper body 20 is transported by the sub-belt conveyor 98b. Also. When the hopper body 20 is full of loads such as chips, the overflow guide 21 of the hopper body 20 is opened, and the sub-belt conveyor 98 is opened.
Since the transport is performed by b, even if the arrival of the transport vehicle 99 is delayed, continuous transport is performed by the main belt conveyor 98a from the boat 97. Further, the load such as chips to be unloaded from the ship 97 is usually on the main belt conveyor 98a and the hopper body 20 and is not piled up in a large stock yard, so that a large stock yard is not required. . Since the load that overflows from the hopper body 20 is conveyed by the sub-belt conveyor 98b, the main belt conveyer 98a is continuously conveyed even if the arrival of the transport vehicle is delayed.
As a result, there is no interruption of the cargo handling work on board.

The hopper body 20 is connected to the self-propelled construction vehicle 1.
Is mounted on the arm 7, so that it is more compact than a conventional hopper device fixedly arranged in a stock yard, and the opening and closing operations of the bottom portions 20a and 20b of the hopper body 20 can be performed.
The opening / closing operation of the overflow guide 21 can be simplified and the cost can be reduced by using a hydraulic device mounted on the self-propelled construction vehicle 1 as shown in FIG.
Even when the hopper body 20 is detached and a bucket is mounted on the arm 7, it can be easily replaced. At this time, the hopper body 20 can be placed at any position in the stockyard. Further, since the hopper body 20 is tiltable, the load such as chips overflowing from the hopper body 20 can be easily conveyed by the sub-belt conveyor 98b.

Next, the hopper body 30 of the second embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. The hopper body 30 of the second embodiment has the same basic configuration as the hopper body 20 of the first embodiment, but has a flat bottom surface. As shown in FIG. 8, a tip of the arm 7 and a bracket 20A fixed to the hopper body 30 are attached. The lower portion of the hopper body 30 has a bottom portion 30a and a bottom portion 30b. The bottom portion 30a and the bottom portion 30b are opened and closed by expansion and contraction of a bottom opening / closing cylinder 33.

FIG. 8 is a plan view of the hopper body 30. The arm 7 includes brackets 20A and 20A fixed to the main body 30.
It is attached to A. Openable and closable bottom portions 30a and 30b are provided at the center of the main body 30. This bottom 20
a, bottom opening and closing cylinder 3
3, 33 are provided. The X view of FIG. 8 will be described with reference to FIG. One end of the overflow guide cylinder 32 is attached to a fixed cover 30c of the hopper body 30. The other end of the cylinder 32 is attached to an overflow guide 31. The W view in FIG. 8 will be described with reference to FIG. The overflow guide 31 of the hopper body 30 is tilted and opened as shown by a two-dot chain line by the shortening drive of the overflow guide cylinder 32. As shown in FIG. 10, the bottom portions 30a and 30b having flat surfaces are closed when the bottom opening / closing cylinder 33 is extended, and are opened when the cylinder 33 is shortened as shown by a two-dot chain line.

As shown in FIG. 10, a rotating shaft 35a is rotatably attached to one end of the lower part of the hopper body 30.
A bracket 34c is attached to the rotating shaft 35a.
The bracket 34c is integrally fixed to the bottom 30a. A cylinder 33 for opening and closing the bottom is provided outside the bottom 30a.
Are integrally fixed. A rotating shaft 35b is rotatably attached to the other end of the lower portion of the hopper body 30. A bracket 34d is attached to the rotating shaft 35b. The bracket 34d is integrally fixed to the bottom 30b. A bracket 34b for supporting the other end of the bottom opening / closing cylinder 33 is integrally fixed to the outside of the bottom 30b. According to such a configuration, the hopper body 30 has the same function as the hopper body 20 of the first embodiment, and the bottoms 30a and 30b of the hopper body 30 are flat surfaces. You can put it as it is.

Next, a hopper body 40 according to a third embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. The hopper body 40 of the third embodiment has a bowl-shaped bottom portion with respect to the hopper bodies 20 and 30 of the first and second embodiments.
As shown in FIG. 11 and FIG. 12 in a U view of FIG. 11, the bracket 2 fixed to the tip of the arm 7 and the hopper body 40 is provided.
0A is attached. A lower portion of the hopper body 40 has a bowl-shaped bottom portion 40a. The bottom 40a is openable and closable by the expansion and contraction of the bottom opening and closing syringe 43. An overflow guide 41 is integrally fixed to the hopper body 40. As shown in FIG. 13 in a T view in FIG. 11, fixed covers 40A and 40B having openings are integrally fixed to the lower portion of the hopper body 40. Fixed cover 4
The bracket 40d is fixed to 0A. One end of a bottom opening / closing cylinder 43 for opening and closing the bowl-shaped bottom 40a is attached to the bracket 40d, and the other end of the cylinder 43 is attached to the bowl-shaped bottom 40a. The bowl-shaped bottom portion 40 a is rotatably attached to the hopper body 40 by a pin 42. By extending the bottom opening / closing cylinder 43, the bowl-shaped bottom portion 40a opens as shown by a two-dot chain line, and by shortening the cylinder 43, the bottom portion 40a closes. According to such a structure, the hopper body 40 is the self-propelled construction vehicle 1 shown in FIG.
Since the hopper main body cylinder 9 can be tilted by being shortened, the load such as chips overflowing from the hopper main body 40 can be dropped from the overflow guide 41 and easily conveyed by the sub-belt conveyor 98b. Further, the hopper body 20 of the first and second embodiments,
30 has substantially the same function as that of FIG.
By adopting a, the structure is simplified and the cost is reduced.

FIG. 15 shows a hydraulic circuit for preventing overloading of the hopper bodies 20, 30, and 40 of the first to third embodiments. It is to be noted that the present invention is applied to the hydraulic circuit of FIG. 14, and the same components are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof will be omitted. The hydraulic circuit for preventing this overload is a cylinder 63 for the hopper body.
When the detected oil pressure is equal to or higher than a predetermined value and the load such as a chip becomes overloaded, the hopper body bottom opening / closing cylinder 61 is extended to extend the hopper body bottom. Is a hydraulic circuit that discharges a load such as chips by opening a hole. First, a switching valve 95 is provided in a conduit 58c connected to the bottom chamber 63b of the hopper body cylinder 63. The switching valve 95 is in a closed position when a command signal i1 from a control means (not shown) is input, and is in an open position when a signal i1 from the control means is not input. The pipe 58c is connected to a sixth direction switching valve 58 shown in FIG. The control means controls whether the hopper body bottoms 20a and 20b shown in FIG. 6 are closed and is receiving a load such as chips by a signal such as a stroke for detecting a stroke of the hopper body bottom opening / closing cylinder 61 which will be described later. A command signal i1 is output from the means. When the command signal i1 is input, the switching valve 95 is set to the closed position. A hydraulic pressure sensor 90 is provided in a pipe 59 branched from a pipe 58c connected to the bottom chamber 63b of the hopper body cylinder 63. The oil pressure is converted into an electric signal by the oil pressure sensor 90, and the electric signal is input to the pilot control valve 96. The pilot hydraulic pressure source 80 is connected to the pilot control valve 96 from the pipe 81 through the sixth operating means 87a via the pipe 82.
Is connected to The pipe 81 and the pipe 82 are connected to a pedal 87.
Is in communication regardless of the operation of. The pilot control valve 96 shown in FIG. 15 shows a state where the electric signal from the oil pressure sensor 90 is not input, and the valve 96 is urged to the position b by a spring. For this reason, the pilot pressure from the pilot hydraulic pressure source 80 is drained from the line b of the pilot control valve 96 to the tank through the line 81 to the line 82. The valve 96 is connected to the operation unit 60b of the eighth directional control valve 60.

Next, the operation of the hydraulic circuit for preventing overload shown in FIG. 15 will be described. Hopper body bottom 20
When a and 20b are closed and receiving a load such as chips, a command signal i1 from control means (not shown) is output to the pilot control valve 96. This control means, for example,
A signal from a stroke sensor for detecting the operation stroke of the hopper body bottom opening / closing cylinder 61 is input when the hopper body bottom parts 20a and 20b are closed, and a command signal i1 is output when the stroke reaches a predetermined value. You may do it. Further, a control switch or the like may be provided in the operator's cab, and a command signal i1 may be output when the control switch is operated by an operator. When the command signal i1 is input to the switching valve 95, the switching valve 95 is closed. Therefore, the hydraulic pressure generated in the bottom chamber 63b of the cylinder 63 for the hopper main body is transferred from the pipe 58c to the branch pipe 5
9 to the oil pressure sensor 90. When the hydraulic pressure applied to the hydraulic pressure sensor 90 becomes equal to or more than a predetermined value and the overload occurs, the pilot control valve 96 is switched to the position a by the electric signal from the hydraulic pressure sensor 90. Therefore, the pilot pressure from the pilot hydraulic pressure source 80 is
From 1 through the pipe 82, it acts on the operating part 60b of the eighth directional control valve 60 from the a position of the pilot control valve 96. As a result, the eighth direction switching valve 60 is switched to the position b, and the pressure oil discharged from the hydraulic pump 51 passes through the position b of the valve 60 and the bottom chamber 61b of the hopper body bottom opening / closing cylinder 61
And the cylinder 61 is extended to open the bottoms 20a and 20b of the hopper body 20 as shown in FIG.

Although the present invention has been described by taking a hydraulic excavator as an example, it goes without saying that the hopper body can be attached to the tip of a working machine of a construction machine such as a dozer shovel or a shovel loader.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram for explaining an entire ship cargo handling method and apparatus according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a view for explaining an opening state of an overflow guide of the hopper body.

FIG. 3 is a diagram in which the first embodiment of the hopper body is attached to the tip of the arm of the hydraulic excavator.

FIG. 4 is a plan view of the first embodiment of the hopper body.

FIG. 5 is a Z view of FIG. 4;

FIG. 6 is a Y view of FIG. 5;

FIG. 7 is a perspective view of the hopper body of FIG. 6;

FIG. 8 is a plan view of a second embodiment of the hopper body.

FIG. 9 is an X view of FIG. 8;

FIG. 10 is a W view of FIG. 8;

FIG. 11 is a plan view of a third embodiment of the hopper body.

FIG. 12 is a U view of FIG. 11;

FIG. 13 is a T view of FIG. 11;

FIG. 14 is a hydraulic circuit diagram of the same.

FIG. 15 is a hydraulic circuit diagram for preventing overload of the hopper body.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Hydraulic excavator (self-propelled construction vehicle) 7 Arm 20, 30, 40 Hopper body 20a, 20b, 30a, 30b, 40a Bottom part (hopper body) 21, 31, 41 Overflow guide 22, 32, 62 Overflow guide cylinder 23, 33, 43, 61 Chopper bottom opening / closing cylinder 9, 63 Cylinder for hopper body (also used as bucket) 90 Hydraulic sensor 95 Switching valve 96 Pilot control valve 97 Ship 98a Main belt conveyor 98b Sub-belt conveyor 99 Transport vehicle

Claims (9)

[Claims] 1. A method for loading and unloading chips and the like conveyed from a ship by a belt conveyor onto a transport vehicle from a hopper body, the method comprising: loading chips and the like conveyed on the belt conveyor. The hopper body is loaded and stored, and the bottom of the hopper body is opened and the stored load, such as chips, is loaded on the transport vehicle, and the hopper body overflows when the load, such as chips, is full in the hopper body. A cargo handling method for a ship, characterized in that a guide for a ship is opened and conveyed by another belt conveyor. 2. The cargo handling method according to claim 1, wherein the cargo carrier of one transport vehicle is fully loaded with the cargo such as chips stored in the hopper body. Method. 3. The cargo handling method for a ship according to claim 1, wherein after loading the cargo such as the chips on a transport vehicle, a bottom of the hopper body is closed until another transport vehicle enters. A method of loading and unloading a load on a ship, comprising storing loads such as chips. 4. A cargo handling apparatus for loading a cargo such as chips conveyed from a ship by a belt conveyor from a hopper body to a transport vehicle, wherein the main belt conveys the cargo such as chips from a ship (97). Overflow from the conveyor (98a), the hopper body (20, 30, 40) for receiving and storing the load such as chips conveyed from the main belt conveyor (98a), and overflowing from the hopper body (20, 30, 40) A cargo handling device for a ship, comprising a sub-belt conveyor (98b) for transporting cargo such as chips. 5. A cargo handling apparatus according to claim 4, wherein said hopper body (20, 30, 40) is a self-propelled construction vehicle.
(1) A cargo handling device for a ship mounted on the work machine of (1). 6. The cargo handling apparatus according to claim 4, wherein said hopper body (20, 30, 40) is tiltable. 7. The cargo handling apparatus for a ship according to claim 4, wherein the hopper body (20,
A cargo handling apparatus for a ship, characterized in that the bottom (20a, 20b, 30a, 30b, 40a) of the bottom (30, 40) can be opened and closed. 8. The cargo handling apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the hopper body (20,
30) A cargo loading / unloading device for a ship, wherein an openable / closable overflow guide (21) is provided at the front of the vessel. 9. A cargo handling apparatus for a ship according to claim 4, wherein said hopper body (20).
Hydraulic cylinder (63) for tilting the hopper and the hopper body
Second hydraulic cylinder (61) that opens and closes the bottom (20a, 20b) of (20)
And the bottom side pipeline (58c, 59) of the first hydraulic cylinder (63).
A pilot control valve (96) connected to a pilot pressure source (80), which is connected to a pilot pressure source (80), and which is opened by an electric signal from the hydraulic pressure sensor (90); and a second hydraulic cylinder. (61) is provided with a direction switching valve (60) for supplying pressurized oil, and a load such as a chip loaded on the hopper body (20) when the oil pressure detected by the oil pressure sensor (90) becomes a predetermined value or more. When the overload occurs, the pilot control valve (96) is set to the open position by the electric signal from the hydraulic pressure sensor (90), and the direction switching valve (60) is switched to extend the second hydraulic cylinder (61). A cargo handling apparatus for a ship, wherein a cargo (such as chips) is discharged by opening a bottom portion (20a, 20b) of a hopper body (20).