JPH1070677A - Image pickup device - Google Patents
Image pickup deviceInfo
- Publication number
- JPH1070677A JPH1070677A JP8227930A JP22793096A JPH1070677A JP H1070677 A JPH1070677 A JP H1070677A JP 8227930 A JP8227930 A JP 8227930A JP 22793096 A JP22793096 A JP 22793096A JP H1070677 A JPH1070677 A JP H1070677A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- optical path
- image pickup
- image
- pitch
- exposure time
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N25/00—Circuitry of solid-state image sensors [SSIS]; Control thereof
- H04N25/48—Increasing resolution by shifting the sensor relative to the scene
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Multimedia (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Transforming Light Signals Into Electric Signals (AREA)
- Investigating Materials By The Use Of Optical Means Adapted For Particular Applications (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【0001】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、CCD等の一定ピ
ッチで二次元状に多数配置された撮像素子を有し、繰り
返し絵素パターンをもつ被写体を撮像する撮像装置に関
するものである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an image pickup apparatus having a large number of two-dimensionally arranged image pickup elements such as CCDs at a constant pitch and for picking up an image of a subject having a repeated picture element pattern.
【0002】[0002]
【従来の技術】近年、CRT、LCD等の細かい繰り返
し絵素パターンをもつディスプレーデバイス等は益々高
精細化して、これらの生産現場では、目視の外観検査に
よる品質保証が限界となり、それら被写体を、多数の撮
像素子を有する撮像装置により撮像し、画像処理して、
欠陥などの不良を検出するようになってきた。2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, display devices and the like having a fine repetitive picture element pattern, such as CRTs and LCDs, have become more and more fine. Imaged by an imaging device having a large number of imaging elements, image processed,
Defects such as defects have come to be detected.
【0003】ところが、CRT等の被写体は、細かい繰
り返し絵素パターンをもつので、撮像装置の受光面に写
ったそれら被写体の繰り返し絵素パターンの繰り返しピ
ッチと撮像装置の撮像素子のピッチとが近づくと、両者
が干渉して、撮像した画像にモアレと呼ばれる縞模様状
の異常画像が発生し、正しい検査ができなくなる。However, a subject such as a CRT has a fine repetitive picture element pattern. Therefore, when the repetition pitch of the repetition picture element pattern of the subject on the light receiving surface of the image pickup device and the pitch of the image pickup device of the image pickup device come close to each other. The two interfere with each other to generate a striped abnormal image called moiré in the captured image, making it impossible to perform a correct inspection.
【0004】そこで、従来の撮像装置は、図4、図5に
示すように、光学系12を有する二次元CCDカメラ1
3の受光部15の前方に、モアレ除去手段として所定の
板厚の複屈折板14を配している。Therefore, a conventional imaging apparatus is a two-dimensional CCD camera 1 having an optical system 12 as shown in FIGS.
A birefringent plate 14 having a predetermined thickness is disposed in front of the third light receiving unit 15 as moiré removing means.
【0005】従来の撮像装置におけるモアレ除去の方法
を図面に基づいて説明する。図5に示すように、被写体
1(CRT面)からの入射光線Aは、複屈折板14の前
面16において常光線Bと異常光線Cとの2本の光線に
分かれて屈折し、後面17において複屈折板14の結晶
方向に従う一定方向に距離fだけ互いに離れて進み、受
光部15に到達する。そして、距離fは、受光部15を
構成する撮像素子(CCD素子)9間のピッチR1 の1
/2になるよう設定されている。すなわち、図6に示す
ように、常光線Bと撮像素子9とによるモアレと、異常
光線Cと撮像素子9とによるモアレとが、互いに同じ方
向と周期をもち、かつ互いにその周期の1/2つまり半
波長だけ位置ずれして発生するので、相殺されるという
ものである。A method of removing moire in a conventional image pickup apparatus will be described with reference to the drawings. As shown in FIG. 5, the incident light A from the subject 1 (CRT surface) is refracted on the front surface 16 of the birefringent plate 14 into two light beams, an ordinary light beam B and an extraordinary light beam C, and refracted on the rear surface 17. The light beams travel away from each other by a distance f in a certain direction according to the crystal direction of the birefringent plate 14 and reach the light receiving unit 15. The distance f is one of the pitches R1 between the imaging devices (CCD devices) 9 constituting the light receiving unit 15.
/ 2. That is, as shown in FIG. 6, the moire caused by the ordinary ray B and the image sensor 9 and the moire caused by the extraordinary ray C and the image sensor 9 have the same direction and cycle, and are 互 い に of the cycle. In other words, they are offset by a half wavelength, and are offset.
【0006】[0006]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかしながら、上記従
来例では、常光線Bと異常光線Cとの強度が等しくない
こと等により、撮像された画像に無視できない程度のモ
アレが残る。又、上記のような複屈折板14は透過度や
加工精度等の点で光学的に劣るため、モアレ発生の有無
に関わらず、画像の解像度等の画質を低下させる原因と
もなっている。However, in the above-mentioned conventional example, the intensity of the ordinary ray B and the extraordinary ray C are not equal, so that a moiré of a not-ignorable degree remains in the captured image. Further, since the birefringent plate 14 as described above is optically inferior in terms of transmittance, processing accuracy and the like, it also causes deterioration in image quality such as image resolution regardless of the presence or absence of moiré.
【0007】本発明は、かかる問題に鑑み、画質を低下
させずに、モアレを光学的に減少させることができる撮
像装置を提供することを目的とする。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In view of the above problems, an object of the present invention is to provide an image pickup apparatus capable of optically reducing moire without deteriorating image quality.
【0008】[0008]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明は、上記目的を達
成するため、一定のピッチで二次元状に多数配置された
撮像素子を有し、繰り返し絵素パターンをもつ被写体を
撮像する撮像装置において、被写体からの入射光の光路
を露光時間内に所定移動量の範囲内で連続的に平行移動
させながら撮像素子へ導く光路移動手段を設け、前記所
定移動量は、前記撮像素子間のピッチ以下の長さである
ことを特徴とする。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to achieve the above object, the present invention has an image pickup apparatus which has a large number of image pickup elements arranged two-dimensionally at a constant pitch and picks up an object having a repeated picture element pattern. An optical path moving means for guiding an optical path of incident light from a subject to an image sensor while continuously translating the optical path within a range of a predetermined amount within an exposure time, wherein the predetermined amount of movement is a pitch between the image sensors; The length is as follows.
【0009】本発明によれば、ある時点において発生し
ているモアレの山の位置が露光時間内において連続的に
移動するため、モアレの山の強さが画像の中で平均化さ
れて弱められるので、モアレを減少させることができ
る。又、露光時間内における画像の平行移動量が撮像素
子間のピッチ以下であるので、画像の解像度はほとんど
低下しない。According to the present invention, the positions of the moire peaks generated at a certain point in time continuously move within the exposure time, so that the intensity of the moire peaks is averaged and weakened in the image. Therefore, moire can be reduced. Further, since the amount of parallel movement of the image within the exposure time is equal to or less than the pitch between the imaging elements, the resolution of the image hardly decreases.
【0010】なお、露光時間内における画像の平行移動
量が撮像素子間のピッチ長さを越えると、露光時間内に
おける画像の平行移動量が撮像装置の解像度を越えるの
で、画像の解像度が低下し好ましくない。If the amount of parallel movement of the image within the exposure time exceeds the pitch length between the image pickup devices, the amount of parallel movement of the image within the exposure time exceeds the resolution of the imaging device, and the resolution of the image decreases. Not preferred.
【0011】本発明において、光路移動手段を、法線を
入射光の光軸に対し所定の傾斜角度で傾けた平板透明体
と、前記平板透明体を前記光軸と平行な軸の回りに回転
させる回転手段とを有するように構成すると、受光面に
おける画像が一定の円周上を連続的に平行移動するの
で、どの方向で発生したモアレをも減少させることがで
きる。又、光路上に配する光路移動手段が平板透明体で
あるので、光学的な性能はほとんど低下しない。更に、
モアレが発生していないときは、この平板透明体の回転
を止めることにより、画質を全く低下させずに撮像する
ことができ、好適である本発明において、撮像装置の露
光時間内に平板透明体が1回転以上回転するように構成
すると、連続的に周期的に変化するモアレのパターンの
移動が露光時間内で1周回以上なされるので、モアレの
山の強さが画像の中でより平均化されて弱められるの
で、モアレをより減少させることができる。In the present invention, the optical path moving means includes a flat plate having a normal inclined at a predetermined angle with respect to the optical axis of the incident light, and rotating the flat plate about an axis parallel to the optical axis. When the image forming apparatus is configured to include a rotating unit for rotating the image, the image on the light receiving surface continuously translates on a constant circumference, so that moire generated in any direction can be reduced. Also, since the optical path moving means disposed on the optical path is a flat transparent body, the optical performance hardly decreases. Furthermore,
When no moiré is generated, by stopping the rotation of the flat transparent body, it is possible to take an image without deteriorating the image quality at all, and in the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the flat transparent body can be obtained within the exposure time of the imaging apparatus. Is rotated more than once, the moire pattern, which changes continuously and periodically, is moved one or more times within the exposure time, so that the moire peak intensity is more averaged in the image. The moiré can be further reduced because it is weakened.
【0012】本発明において、傾斜角度θを、平板透明
体の板厚をD、平板透明体の屈折率をN1 、光路上の空
間の屈折率をN2 、撮像素子間のピッチをR1 とすると
き、下記の関係、R1 /2=D×(tanθ−tan
(sin-1(N2 /N1 ×sinθ)))×cosθを
満たすように構成すると、受光面における画像が撮像素
子間のピッチR1 を直径とする円周上を連続的に平行移
動するので、どの方向に発生したモアレに対しても、モ
アレの山の強さが画像の中で完全に平均化されるので、
モアレを完全に除去することができる。In the present invention, when the inclination angle θ is D, the thickness of the transparent plate is N, the refractive index of the transparent plate is N1, the refractive index of the space on the optical path is N2, and the pitch between the imaging elements is R1. , The following relationship, R1 / 2/2 = D.times. (Tan .theta.-tan
(Sin −1 (N 2 / N 1 × sin θ)) × cos θ, the image on the light receiving surface continuously translates on a circle having a diameter equal to the pitch R 1 between the imaging elements. Even for moire generated in the direction, the intensity of the moire peak is completely averaged in the image,
Moiré can be completely removed.
【0013】[0013]
【発明の実施の形態】本発明の実施形態を図面に基づい
て以下に説明する。DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
【0014】本発明の一実施形態は、図1、図2に示す
ように、受光面4にピッチR1 で二次元状に多数配置さ
れた撮像素子(CCD素子)9と光学系2とを備え、被
写体(CRT面)1を撮像するCCDカメラ3と、被写
体1とCCDカメラ3間の光路上に設けられ被写体1か
らの入射光AをCCDカメラ3の露光時間内に微小量平
行移動させながら受光面4へ導く光路移動手段とを有す
る。As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, one embodiment of the present invention includes an image pickup device (CCD device) 9 and an optical system 2 which are two-dimensionally arranged at a pitch R 1 on the light receiving surface 4. A CCD camera 3 for picking up an image of a subject (CRT surface) 1, and an incident light A from the subject 1 provided on an optical path between the subject 1 and the CCD camera 3 while being translated by a small amount within the exposure time of the CCD camera 3. Light path moving means for guiding to the light receiving surface 4.
【0015】光路移動手段は、前記の光路上に配置され
た円板状の平板透明ガラス5と、その光路を遮らない位
置に配設され平板透明ガラス5を光学系2の光軸10に
平行な回転軸11回りに回転させるモータ7と、平板透
明ガラス5の法線を光軸10に対して傾斜角度θで傾斜
させて回転軸11に取り付ける傾斜手段6と、モータ7
を駆動するモータ回転速度コントローラ8とからなる。The optical path moving means includes a disk-shaped transparent glass plate 5 disposed on the optical path, and a transparent glass plate 5 disposed at a position not to interrupt the optical path and parallel to the optical axis 10 of the optical system 2. A motor 7 for rotating around a rotating shaft 11, a tilting means 6 for tilting a normal line of the transparent glass plate 5 at an inclination angle θ with respect to the optical axis 10 and attaching to the rotating shaft 11, and a motor 7.
And a motor rotation speed controller 8 for driving the motor.
【0016】そして、被写体1からの入射光Aの平板透
明ガラス5による透過光Eの位置ずれ量をdとして、こ
の位置ずれ量dが撮像素子9間のピッチR1 の1/2と
なるよう傾斜角度θを決めている。すなわち、d=D×
(tanθ−tan(sin-1(N2 /N1 ×sin
θ)))×cosθという関係が成立するので、平板透
明ガラス5の板厚をD、平板透明ガラス5の屈折率をN
1 、光路上の空間の屈折率をN2 とするとき、下記の関
係、 R1 /2=D×(tanθ−tan(sin-1(N2 /
N1 ×sinθ)))×cosθ、 を満たすように傾斜角度θを決めている。The position shift amount of the transmitted light E of the incident light A from the subject 1 by the flat transparent glass 5 is defined as d, and the position shift amount d is inclined so as to be の of the pitch R 1 between the image pickup devices 9. The angle θ is determined. That is, d = D ×
(Tan θ-tan (sin −1 (N2 / N1 × sin
θ))) × cos θ, the thickness of the transparent glass plate 5 is D, and the refractive index of the transparent glass plate 5 is N
1, when the refractive index of the space on the optical path is N2, the following relation is obtained: R1 / 2/2 = D × (tan θ−tan (sin −1 (N2 //
N1 × sin θ))) × cos θ, the inclination angle θ is determined.
【0017】又、撮像装置の露光時間において平板透明
ガラス5が1回転するように、モータ7の回転速度を決
めた。Further, the rotation speed of the motor 7 is determined so that the flat glass plate 5 makes one rotation during the exposure time of the imaging apparatus.
【0018】本実施形態の構成により、被写体1の画像
が、露光時間において、半径が位置ずれ量dの円周上
(すなわち直径が撮像素子9間のピッチR1 )を等速度
で1回転平行移動する。According to the configuration of the present embodiment, the image of the subject 1 is translated by one rotation on the circumference of the radius of the positional deviation amount d (that is, the diameter is the pitch R1 between the imaging elements 9) at the same speed during the exposure time. I do.
【0019】従って、受光面4に写った被写体1の繰り
返し絵素パターンの繰り返しピッチが撮像素子9間のピ
ッチR1 に近づいて画像にモアレが発生するような場
合、上記光路移動手段の作用により、図3に示すよう
に、ある時点で発生しているモアレの山が、露光時間T
1 において、そのモアレの1ピッチ間を移動するので、
撮像された画面における合成されたモアレは画面内で完
全に平均化されて消失する。又、被写体1の画像が前記
ピッチR1 を直径とする円周上を1回転するので、モア
レの縞模様の向きがどの向きであっても前記作用効果が
得られる。Therefore, in the case where the repetition pitch of the repetitive picture element pattern of the subject 1 shown on the light receiving surface 4 approaches the pitch R1 between the image pickup devices 9 and moire occurs in the image, the action of the optical path moving means causes As shown in FIG. 3, the peak of the moire generated at a certain point in time corresponds to the exposure time T.
At 1, since it moves between one pitch of the moire,
The combined moiré in the imaged screen disappears after being completely averaged in the screen. Further, since the image of the subject 1 makes one revolution on the circumference having the pitch R1 as the diameter, the above-described effect can be obtained regardless of the direction of the moire stripe pattern.
【0020】なお、露光時間内における画像の平行移動
量は、撮像素子9間のピッチR1 以下が好ましく、特に
ピッチR1 が好ましいが、ピッチR1 を越えると、露光
時間内における画像の平行移動量が撮像装置の解像度を
越えるので、画像の解像度が低下し好ましくない。The amount of parallel movement of the image within the exposure time is preferably equal to or less than the pitch R1 between the image pickup devices 9, and particularly preferably the pitch R1, but if it exceeds the pitch R1, the amount of parallel movement of the image within the exposure time is reduced. Since the resolution exceeds the resolution of the imaging device, the resolution of the image is undesirably reduced.
【0021】又、撮像装置の露光時間における平板透明
ガラス5の回転数は、1回転以上が好ましく、特に整数
回転が好ましい。もし前記回転数が1回転に満たない
と、モアレの山の強さの画像の中での平均化が完全でな
い場合もある。The number of rotations of the transparent glass plate 5 during the exposure time of the image pickup device is preferably one or more, particularly preferably an integer. If the number of rotations is less than one rotation, averaging of the moire peak strength in the image may not be perfect.
【0022】なお、上記実施形態において、モアレが発
生していないときは、この平板透明ガラス5の回転を止
めることにより、画質を全く低下させずに撮像すること
ができる。In the above embodiment, when no moiré is generated, the rotation of the transparent glass plate 5 is stopped so that an image can be taken without any deterioration in image quality.
【0023】[0023]
【発明の効果】本発明によれば、ある時点において発生
しているモアレの山の位置が露光時間内において連続的
に移動するため、モアレの山の強さが画像の中で平均化
されて弱められるので、モアレを減少させることができ
る。又、露光時間内における画像の平行移動量が撮像素
子間のピッチ以下であるので、画像の解像度はほとんど
低下しない。従って、画質を低下させずに、モアレを光
学的に減少させることができる。According to the present invention, the position of the moire peak occurring at a certain point in time continuously moves within the exposure time, and the intensity of the moire peak is averaged in the image. Because it is weakened, moire can be reduced. Further, since the amount of parallel movement of the image within the exposure time is equal to or less than the pitch between the imaging elements, the resolution of the image hardly decreases. Therefore, moire can be optically reduced without lowering image quality.
【図1】本発明の一実施形態を示す概略図。FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing one embodiment of the present invention.
【図2】図1の一部拡大断面図。FIG. 2 is a partially enlarged sectional view of FIG.
【図3】本発明の一実施形態における合成前後のモアレ
を説明する線図。FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating moire before and after combination according to an embodiment of the present invention.
【図4】従来例を示す概略図。FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing a conventional example.
【図5】従来例におけるモアレ除去手段を説明する一部
拡大断面図。FIG. 5 is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view illustrating moiré removing means in a conventional example.
【図6】従来例における合成前後のモアレを説明する線
図。FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating moire before and after combination in a conventional example.
1 被写体(CRT) 5 平板透明ガラス 6 傾斜手段 7 モータ 8 モータ回転速度コントローラ 9 撮像素子 10 光軸 11 回転軸 A 入射光 D 平板透明ガラスの板厚 θ 傾斜角度 N1 平板透明ガラスの屈折率 N2 光路上の空間の屈折率 R1 撮像素子間のピッチ DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Subject (CRT) 5 Flat transparent glass 6 Inclination means 7 Motor 8 Motor rotation speed controller 9 Image sensor 10 Optical axis 11 Rotation axis A Incident light D Plate thickness of flat transparent glass θ Tilt angle N1 Refractive index of flat transparent glass N2 light Refractive index of space on road R1 Pitch between image sensors
Claims (4)
た撮像素子を有し、繰り返し絵素パターンをもつ被写体
を撮像する撮像装置において、 被写体からの入射光の光路を露光時間内に所定移動量の
範囲内で連続的に平行移動させながら撮像素子へ導く光
路移動手段を設け、 前記所定移動量は、前記撮像素子間のピッチ以下の長さ
であることを特徴とする撮像装置。1. An image pickup apparatus having a large number of image pickup devices arranged two-dimensionally at a constant pitch and picking up an image of a subject having a repetitive picture element pattern, wherein an optical path of incident light from the subject is determined within an exposure time. An image pickup apparatus, comprising: an optical path moving unit that guides the image pickup device while continuously performing parallel movement within a range of the movement amount, wherein the predetermined movement amount is equal to or less than a pitch between the image pickup devices.
対し所定の傾斜角度で傾けた平板透明体と、前記平板透
明体を前記光軸と平行な軸の回りに回転させる回転手段
とを有する請求項1記載の撮像装置。2. An optical path moving means comprising: a flat plate transparent body whose normal is inclined at a predetermined angle with respect to an optical axis of incident light; and a rotation for rotating the flat plate transparent body about an axis parallel to the optical axis. The imaging device according to claim 1, further comprising:
回転以上回転する請求項2記載の撮像装置。3. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the flat transparent body is within one exposure time of the imaging device.
The imaging device according to claim 2, wherein the imaging device is rotated by at least rotation.
平板透明体の屈折率をN1 、光路上の空間の屈折率をN
2 、撮像素子間のピッチをR1 とするとき、下記の関
係、 R1 /2=D×(tanθ−tan(sin-1(N2 /
N1 ×sinθ)))×cosθ、 を満たす請求項2又は3記載の撮像装置。4. The inclination angle θ is D, the thickness of the transparent plate is D,
The refractive index of the transparent plate is N1 and the refractive index of the space on the optical path is N1.
2. When the pitch between the imaging elements is R1, the following relationship is obtained: R1 / 2/2 = D × (tan θ−tan (sin −1 (N2 //
The imaging device according to claim 2, wherein the following condition is satisfied: N 1 × sin θ))) × cos θ.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP8227930A JPH1070677A (en) | 1996-08-29 | 1996-08-29 | Image pickup device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP8227930A JPH1070677A (en) | 1996-08-29 | 1996-08-29 | Image pickup device |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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JPH1070677A true JPH1070677A (en) | 1998-03-10 |
Family
ID=16868523
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP8227930A Pending JPH1070677A (en) | 1996-08-29 | 1996-08-29 | Image pickup device |
Country Status (1)
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JP (1) | JPH1070677A (en) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2010091400A (en) * | 2008-10-08 | 2010-04-22 | Panasonic Corp | Apparatus for inspecting image display |
US8164675B2 (en) | 2008-01-21 | 2012-04-24 | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. | Apparatus and method for removing moire pattern of digital imaging device |
-
1996
- 1996-08-29 JP JP8227930A patent/JPH1070677A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US8164675B2 (en) | 2008-01-21 | 2012-04-24 | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. | Apparatus and method for removing moire pattern of digital imaging device |
JP2010091400A (en) * | 2008-10-08 | 2010-04-22 | Panasonic Corp | Apparatus for inspecting image display |
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