JPH1066515A - Agent for improving metabolism of lipid and food using the same - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a lipid metabolism-improving agent comprising water-soluble peptides and active water-soluble ingredients and promoting the degradation of fats by the actions of carcinine and beef peptides by treating beef with an enzyme. SOLUTION: Beef (including internal organs) is treated with an enzyme originating from a microorganism, an animal or a plant to obtain a lipid metabolism- improving agent comprising water-soluble peptides and active water-soluble ingredients, containing substances related to the metabolism of fats without being degraded, and substantially not containing the fats.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

[0001] The present invention relates to a lipid metabolism improving agent and a food using the same.

[0002]

[Prior art] With the rapid westernization of post-war dietary habits,
While the average life expectancy is prolonged and the child's physique is improved, the onset of adult diseases such as hypertension, diabetes and hyperlipidemia is also increasing. Western-style high-fat diet not only causes obesity, but also leads to hyperlipidemia, fatty liver, and hypercholesterolemia due to insufficient lipid metabolism, progressing arteriosclerosis, coronary artery disease, ischemic brain disease, etc. Can cause serious illness.

[0003] This is a fairly serious problem in the United States, and it has been recommended to reduce fat intake. In Japan, fat intake is not as high as in developed countries in Europe and the United States, but it is increasing year by year, and is a serious problem.

[0004] To improve lipid metabolism, there are diets that reduce fat intake. It is well known that excessive calorie intake leads to obesity and an increase in serum lipids, but cholesterol and other fats are necessary substances for the living body, so it can not be reduced indiscriminately, and doctor management It is desirable to do it below.

[0005] As a drug therapy, there are many kinds of therapeutic drugs for hyperlipidemia, and VLDL (ultra low density lipoprotein) is used.
Drugs that affect the metabolism of cholesterol, and drugs that have cholesterol reduction as the main point of action, all of which have been reported to have side effects.

There have been many reports that exercise therapy that promotes fat burning is also effective, but it is necessary to continue it for a long time, and it is not easy to make it last longer. Hyperlipidemic patients have no subjective symptoms, but it is said that if this condition persists for a long period of time, various pathological conditions will occur.

[0007] In the case of pharmaceuticals, those in which the active ingredient is specified and highly concentrated or chemically synthesized have a clear therapeutic effect, but may have a risk of side effects. Foods, including health foods, should prioritize the safety of long-term consumption over the risk of side effects.

[0008] Carnitine plays a role in transporting fatty acids into mitochondria in lipid metabolism, particularly in the oxidation of fatty acids, and is biosynthesized in the body but can also be taken from food. Although it is widely found in animals and plants in food,
It is known that it is contained in animal foods, particularly bird and animal meat.

There have been disclosed several compounds containing carnitine as a main component for the purpose of improving lipid metabolism and treating obesity (for example, JP-A-49-47519, Patent No. 1529).
232, JP-A-7-196485, etc.), many of which use carnitine at a high concentration or purify carnitine, and there is no mention of the effect on extraction residue.

[0010]

The present inventors have studied the components other than carnitine contained in poultry meat, and found that poultry meat is a good protein source rich in lysine and methionine, which are the raw materials of carnitine. In addition, they found that it promotes the absorption of iron required for biosynthesis of heme pigment and carnitine, which transport enzymes in the body, and suppresses the accumulation of blood lipids and liver lipids.

[0011] As a lipid metabolism improving agent excluding pharmaceuticals, there are a large number of health foods using extracts of various animals and plants as folk remedies, but few eat a lot of food on a daily basis. It is not clear about the safety in the event of a breach.

[0012] The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and among those that are frequently eaten on a daily basis,
An object is to obtain a lipid metabolism improving agent and a food using the same.

[0013]

The lipid metabolism-improving agent of the present invention can be obtained by subjecting commonly used beef to enzymatic treatment, concentrating the water-soluble component in beef and beef peptide as main components, and concentrating it. The present inventors were able to obtain a lipid metabolism-improving agent which did not decompose substances involved in lipid metabolism and did not substantially decompose fat without changing the amino acid composition even when meat was subjected to enzyme treatment.

FIG. 1 is a diagram comparing the amino acid compositions.
Nashiji indicates raw beef, and hatched lines indicate beef hydrolysates. The vertical axis indicates weight (mg), and the horizontal axis indicates amino acid composition. Enzymes used in the enzyme treatment include proteolytic enzymes derived from microorganisms, animals, and plants.
The disassembly process is performed using one or more types.

[0015]

[Effect] Meat has long been considered a treat, with a tonic effect. Beef is one of the commonly eaten meats.
There is a strong image of the enhancement of vitality and energy, and various bioregulatory functions are expected. Actually, the meat effect (Meat Effect)
As t), many nutrient absorption promoting effects, biological regulation functions, and the like have been reported. The present inventors have studied the effect of improving lipid metabolism from among these bioregulatory functions of beef, and found that the beef was enzymatically treated, the water-soluble component in beef and beef peptide as main components were concentrated and concentrated. Was completed.

In the present invention, by using beef, it is possible to obtain an effect called a meat effect which is not found in vegetable proteins. Beef proteins, especially peptides derived from beef, are excellent in the absorption of minerals from the intestinal tract, especially iron. Iron is abundant in the body, but cannot be synthesized by the body, so it relies only on food intake.

[0017] Many of the anemias seen in women are iron deficient anemias, due to iron deficiency. Hemoglobin, a protein that plays an important role in transporting oxygen into the body, contains iron, and it is well known that iron plays an important role in transporting oxygen.

[0018] For this reason, if the intake of iron is insufficient, the supply of oxygen to the body is reduced, so that the metabolic activity requiring a large amount of oxygen is reduced, and the decomposition of the ingested fat is limited.
It will be accumulated in the body. For this reason, it is expected that an increase in the supply of oxygen to the body will enhance the effect of eliminating excess fat in the blood and liver.

Fat is a high-calorie and high-energy nutrient, but fatty acids, which are constituents of fat, are taken up by mitochondria in cells and undergo favorable β-oxidation, TCA cycle and oxidative phosphorylation reactions. ATP is produced in a gaseous manner and easily used as energy, and is decomposed into carbon dioxide and water.

[0020] Cytochromes are involved in the oxidative phosphorylation reaction, and this protein also contains iron. Thus, iron is greatly involved in the production of energy, that is, in the decomposition of fat, and it can be said that an increase in the amount of absorbed iron has an effect of eliminating excess fat in the blood and liver.

However, since fatty acids are large molecules, they cannot pass through the mitochondrial membrane alone. Carnitine is required for the uptake of fatty acids into mitochondria. Carnitine is contained in large amounts in heart and skeletal muscle, which mainly use fatty acids as an energy source.
For this reason, meat is contained in a large amount, but beef, pork and chicken are the most abundant in meat, which is commonly eaten in Japan.

Under sufficient nutritional conditions, carnitine is biosynthesized in the body, and deficiency is rare, but further ingestion increases the carnitine concentration in the blood and increases the uptake of carnitine into cells. Promotes the breakdown of excess fat. In addition, there is a report on an effect of improving lipid metabolism to reduce serum lipids and liver lipids of experimental animals fed a high fat diet.

In the process of carnitine synthesis in vivo, two hydroxylases (hydroxylase) are required, and these two hydroxylases are in vitro.
It has been found that a bivalent iron ion is required (Hulse, JD et al., J. Biol. C.).
hem. , 253, 1654-1659 (1978),
Lindstedt, G .; , Biochemistr
y, 5,1271-1281 (1967)).

When a pregnant or lactating mother rat was fed an iron-deficient diet, the hemoglobin concentration and liver carnitine level of the offspring rats were significantly reduced, and the blood triglyceride was increased eight-fold (Bartholmey, S. J., J. Nutr.,
115, 138-145 (1985)). For this reason, in the iron deficiency state, due to a decrease in carnitine content in tissues, the transport of fatty acids into mitochondria is suppressed, fatty acids are resynthesized into fats, ingested fats are not used as energy, It will be accumulated in the body.

Carnitine is composed of lysine and methionine.
It is made up of two amino acids, but is not a peptide bond and is not subject to degradation by protein hydrolases. Thus, there is no loss of beef during enzymatic treatment. Since the degree of solubilization of the beef protein can be set by the degree of the enzyme treatment, the content of carnitine in the final product can be adjusted by the enzyme used and the time of the enzyme treatment.

[0026] Carnitine has optical isomers, and D-type carnitine not only has no biological activity but also has an antagonistic effect on L-type carnitine. But,
Since everything that occurs in nature is L-type, carnitine derived from beef is also all L-type.

Grains such as rice and wheat have low lysine.
Beans such as soybeans are low in sulfur-containing amino acids containing methionine and are restricted amino acids. However, meat including beef is rich in lysine and methionine, which are the raw materials for carnitine, and is rich in beef peptide mixtures obtained by enzyme treatment, and can be a source of carnitine during biosynthesis.

Since both lysine and methionine are called essential amino acids, they cannot be synthesized in the body or cannot be synthesized in sufficient amounts, and must be taken from food. Providing a mixture of beef peptides in a low-nutrition condition such as a restricted diet reduces carcinine ingestion and replenishment of high-quality peptides, which reduces the adverse effects of burning fat accumulated in the body, that is, lowering the amount of fatty acids taken into mitochondria. And promotes lipid metabolism.

As described above, in meat (beef, pork and chicken) which is eaten on a daily basis in Japan, beef contains the most abundant carnitine necessary for burning fat (fatty acid) and lysine which is a raw material for carnitine biosynthesis. In addition, beef peptide mixture has an effect of improving lipid metabolism because meat protein and methionine are abundant and meat protein enhances iron absorption.

In the present invention, the effective dose of carnitine is not particularly defined, and is 0.1 to 200 per day for healthy adults.
About 0 mg is appropriate, but since the carnitine content can be changed depending on the degree of hydrolysis of the beef,
Assuming that the carnitine content in the beef peptide mixture is 0.5%, 20 mg to 400 g is an effective appropriate amount of the beef peptide mixture per day.

The foods to which the present invention is applied include solid foods, beverages, and the like, since the present composition has high water solubility and dispersibility.
It is characterized in that it can be used in any form such as tablets, powders and granules.

[0032]

Next, an embodiment will be described. Example 1 400 kg of beef was minced, and 4.5 times the amount of water was added.
H was adjusted to 7.0 and temperature to 55 ° C. 120 g of 2.4 L of Alcalase (trademark) and 0.5 L of Neutrase (trademark) of 2.
4 kg was added and enzymatic degradation was performed for 1.5 hours. Liquid temperature 8
The temperature was maintained at 0 ° C. or higher for 30 minutes to inactivate the enzyme. After cooling to around room temperature, the pH was adjusted to 7.0 again, followed by filtration to remove undegraded enzyme.

After concentrating the supernatant to about 15-fold by vacuum concentration at 55 ° C., the liquid temperature was cooled to 10 ° C. or lower to deposit fat. After filtration, 22 kg of dextrin as excipient
In addition, about 74 kg was obtained by spray drying. The general components of the composition are: protein 61.2%, fat 1.3%, water 8.2.
%, Carbohydrates, etc. were 29.3%, and the carnitine content was 0.57%.

Example 2 A lipid metabolism improving cookie consisting of 100 g of flour, 50 g of flour, 1/4 teaspoon of baking powder, 5 g of the present composition, 50 g of butter, a little salt, one egg white and one and a half tablespoon of cold water (about 50 Min) was manufactured.

Since the composition was highly dispersible and water-soluble, it was uniformly mixed and had no variation in taste. Moreover, the bitterness peculiar to the peptide was not felt, and the lipid metabolism improving cookie had a rich flavor. When the beef peptide mixture produced in Example 1 was used, the lipid metabolism improving cookie 1
60-65 mg of beef peptide per piece, 0.5-
0.7 mg of carnitine was included.

EXAMPLE 3 18.0 g of fructose-glucose liquid sugar, 0.02 g of stevia, 0.27 g of citric acid, 0.15 g of L-ascorbic acid,
Drinking water was added to 8 g of the double concentrated citrus juice and 6 g of the present composition to make 200 ml, thereby producing an orange juice having improved lipid metabolism.

The composition was highly water-soluble, and no coagulated precipitate was observed during heat sterilization. Also, like the cookies, the bitterness peculiar to the peptide was not felt. When the beef peptide mixture prepared in Example 1 was used, about 4 g of beef peptide and about 35 mg of carnitine were contained per 200 ml of orange juice having improved lipid metabolism.

Example 4 5875 g of this composition, 782 g of lactose, 360 g of corn starch, 295 g of calcium carboxymethylcellulose, 150 g of methylcellulose and 38 g of magnesium stearate were mixed and compressed into tablets, and 300 mg per tablet
25,000 tablet-type lipid metabolism improving supplements were prepared.

When the beef peptide mixture prepared in Example 1 was used, about 860 mg of beef peptide and about 8 mg of carnitine were contained per 6 tablets of the lipid-metabolism improving supplement.

Next, test examples will be described. Using a male Crj: SD (Sprague-Dawley) rat, a resistance experiment to the intake of a high fat diet was performed. A comparison was made between a test group using a beef peptide mixture as a potato starch, soybean oil, cellulose, a mineral mixture, and a vitamin mixture, and a control group using casein.

The protein content of the beef peptide mixture and casein was determined by the Kjeldahl method and was determined to be 20 g per 100 g feed.
The weight shortage was adjusted with potato starch. Soybean oil, cellulose, mineral mixture, and vitamin mixture were equal in both groups. Since the used composition had a protein content of 64.3% and a carnitine content of 0.87%, the test feed contained 0.27%.

The rats were purchased at the age of 3 weeks, preliminarily reared for one week for acclimation, divided into 10 rats in each group, and subjected to experiments. The breeding period was 5 weeks, and feed and water were freely available. After breeding for 5 weeks, blood was collected using heparin as an anticoagulant, and the neutral lipid content of plasma was measured according to a conventional method. The liver was collected and the content of accumulated neutral fat was measured.

FIG. 2 is a graph showing the difference in the triglyceride content in the plasma and liver of rats after the end of breeding for 5 weeks, in which the vertical axis represents the weight mg / dl and the horizontal axis represents the control group and the present group. The TG content in the blood and the TG content in the liver were shown for each of the composition test plots. As can be seen from FIG. 2, the group fed the beef peptide mixture suppressed the accumulation of fat and improved lipid metabolism. From the above results, it was found that the beef peptide mixture had an effect of eliminating accumulated fat in the blood and liver and promoting lipid metabolism.

[0044]

As described above, according to the present invention, the hydrolysis of fat is promoted by the action of carcinine and beef peptide contained in beef by hydrolyzing all or part of beef, and lipid metabolism is promoted. It could be provided as an improver.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a graph comparing amino acid compositions.

FIG. 2 is a graph comparing neutral fat contents in blood and liver.

──────────────────────────────────────────────────の Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁶ Identification number Agency reference number FI Technical display location A23P 1/02 A61K 35/12 A61K 35/12 A23L 2/00 F 38/00 ADN A61K 37/18 ADN ADP ADP

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. An agent for improving lipid metabolism, comprising a water-soluble peptide and an effective water-soluble component, obtained by enzymatically treating beef (including internal organs). 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the enzyme used in the enzyme treatment is derived from microorganisms, animals, and plants, and one or more of these enzymes is used for the decomposition treatment. Water soluble lipid metabolism improver. 3. The water-soluble lipid metabolism improving agent according to claim 1, wherein the beef peptide mixture is powdered by spray drying or freeze drying. 4. A food for improving lipid metabolism, comprising a water-soluble peptide and an effective water-soluble component, obtained by enzymatically treating beef (including the internal organs).