JPH1063631A - Multi-processing system - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To effectively manage transmission data and to improve reliability in a multi-processing system consisting of plural processing units. SOLUTION: Plural processing units 1-0 to 1-3 respectively including processors and memories are mutually connected by a transmission medium 3 through respective transmitting/receiving medium devices(TRs) 2-0 to 2-3, the managing processing unit(PU-s) 1-0 is provided with a transmitting data file (FIL) 4 for storing and managing shared data, specific shared data and individual data for other processing units (PU-a1 to PU-a3) 1-1 to 1-3 and the devices 2-0 to 2-3 are provided with constitution for discrminating header information H and fetching data.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a multi-processing system comprising a plurality of processing units. 2. Description of the Related Art In a relatively large-scale switchboard, communication control device, or the like, a configuration is adopted in which a plurality of processing units are connected via a ring-shaped or star-shaped transmission path, and distributed processing is performed by each processing unit. In such a multi-processing system, there is a demand for improving the efficiency of data transfer for improving the processing capability and improving the reliability.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a tightly coupled multiprocessor system in which a plurality of processors are connected via a processor bus so that a main memory is shared, as the number of processors increases, contention for access to a shared resource (main memory) increases. It is difficult to improve the performance.

On the other hand, a multiprocessing system in which a processing unit in which a memory and a processor are connected via a bus and which are connected via a ring-shaped or star-shaped transmission path is equivalent to a loosely-coupled multiprocessor system. Thus, the number of processing units can be increased, and performance can be improved by distributed processing. There is also known a system in which a management processing unit is defined among a plurality of processing units and another processing unit is managed. Such a multi-processing system is applied to a relatively large-scale switch, a communication control device, and the like.

There is also known a massively parallel computer system in which several thousand or more processing units are provided and are connected via a network. In such a system, high-speed processing is possible because each processing unit performs distributed processing. However, since it has a large and expensive configuration, it is applied to a special high-speed calculation system.

[0005]

In a conventional multi-processing system, a management processing unit manages transmission data corresponding to each processing unit. Therefore, a processing unit constituting a multi-processing system is used. When the number of files increases, the transmission data file in the management processing unit becomes enormous.

[0006] Further, the transmission path connecting the processing units is generally of a single configuration, and thus there is a problem that a system failure occurs due to a transmission path failure. Similarly, since another processing unit is managed by the management processing unit, the possibility of a system down also increases in the case of a failure of the management processing unit. In addition, there is a problem that the time required for downloading a program or the like becomes longer when the system is started or restarted. An object of the present invention is to effectively manage transmission data and improve reliability.

[0007]

The multi-processing system of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.
A plurality of processing units 1-0, 1-1, 1-2,... Having at least a processor and a memory are transmitted via transmission / reception medium devices 2-0, 2-1, 2-2,. In the multi-processing system connected to the medium 3, one of the plurality of processing units is referred to as a management processing unit 1-0, and the management processing unit 1-0 includes all the other processing units 1--0. , Common data to be commonly transmitted to an arbitrary number of processing units, and individual data to be transmitted to individual processing units. Are respectively provided and stored in the transmission data file 4.

(2) Transmission / reception media devices 2-0, 2-1,
2-2,..., A transmission / reception data buffer for temporarily storing transmission / reception data, a processor bus controller for controlling data transfer between the transmission / reception data buffer and the processor bus of the processing unit, and a transmission medium. 3
A signal transmission / reception control unit for controlling data transfer between the data transmission / reception buffer and a transmission / reception data buffer, a signal analysis processing unit for identifying header information of data, and transmission / reception of data in accordance with an analysis result of the header information by the signal analysis processing unit And an input / output operation control unit for controlling the

(3) Transmission / reception media devices 2-0, 2-1,
2-2,... Store the received data in the memory of the processing unit in accordance with the result of analyzing the header information of the received data via the transmission medium 3 by the signal analysis processing unit.
It has a configuration for writing via a processor bus.

(4) Transmission / reception media devices 2-0, 2-1,
A plurality of transmission media 3 having the same or different configurations can be provided for the transmission medium 3 connecting between 2-2,. Therefore, when data is transmitted using each system in parallel, high-speed transmission is possible, and the chance of encountering a bus neck is reduced.

(5) Transmission / reception media devices 2-0, 2-1,
2-2,... Can be configured to monitor the response to the transmission data to determine the presence or absence of an abnormality, and to perform retransmission by switching systems of a plurality of transmission media when an abnormality is detected. That is, when data transmission via a certain transmission medium is abnormal, retransmission is performed by switching to another transmission medium.

(6) The processing unit may be provided with a storage device storing a program for starting up the system in accordance with a system start-up command from the management processing unit. In this case, a plurality of processing units can be started simultaneously without downloading a program.

[0013]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS FIG. 1 is an explanatory view of a main part of an embodiment of the present invention, wherein 1-0 is a management processing unit (PU-s), and 1-1 to 1-3 are processing units (PU-s). -A1, PU-a2, PU-a3), 2-0
2-3 is a transmission / reception medium device (TR), 3 is a transmission medium for transmitting serial or parallel data, 4 is a transmission data file (FIL), and four processing units 1-
One processing unit 1-0 from 0 to 1-3
Is a processing unit for management.
Even when a large number of processing units are provided, one of them is used as a management processing unit.

Although the transmission medium 3 is shown in a ring shape, the processing units 1-1, 1-2, 1- are arranged in a star shape with respect to the management processing unit 1-0.
.. May be connected. In addition, it is configured to transmit data as an electric signal or an optical signal, and a configuration in which data is transmitted as serial data is generally used.
A configuration in which the data is transmitted as parallel data is also possible. Also, each processing unit 1-0, 1-1, 1-
Have a configuration in which at least a processor and a memory are connected by a processor bus.

The management processing unit 1-0
Includes a transmission data file 4 for storing and managing transmission data.
-1, 1-2, 1-3, common data transmitted in common to a plurality of processing units, specific common data transmitted in common to a plurality of processing units, and individual data transmitted to individual processing units And stored separately.

For example, the management processing unit 1
The transmission data DT read from the −0 transmission data file 4 is transmitted to the transmission medium 3 with a header H including destination information and the like added thereto. The destination information is extracted from the header H of the data, and it is determined whether or not the data is addressed to the own processing unit. If the address is addressed to the own processing unit, the data is fetched, and the data is transferred to the processor or the memory of the processing unit.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of a transmission / reception medium device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Is a processor bus controller, 13 is an input / output operation controller, 1
Reference numeral 4 denotes a signal analysis processing unit, 15 denotes a signal transmission / reception control unit, and 20 denotes a processor bus of a processing unit.

The transmission / reception data buffer 11 is connected to the processor bus 20 of the processing unit and the transmission medium 3 via the signal transmission / reception control unit 15, and the data transmission / reception buffer 11 is controlled by the signal transmission / reception control unit 15 to transmit data to and from the transmission medium 3. Is transferred, and data is transferred to and from the processor bus 20 under the control of the processor bus control unit 12. The signal analysis processing unit 14 has a function of compressing transmission data and decompressing received data. The signal analysis processing unit 14 also analyzes header information of data, and transmits / receives data by the input / output operation control unit 13 according to the analysis result. It has the function of controlling The processor bus 20 is connected to at least a processor (not shown) and a memory.

FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining the configuration of a transmission data file according to the embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3A shows a transmission data file, ALI (a) shows total data length information of length (a), and L
I (b) is individual data length information indicating the length (b) of the transmission data 1, LI (c) is individual data length information indicating the length (c) of the transmission data 2, HI is header information, The individual data length information LI and the header information HI are added and stored corresponding to the respective transmission data 1, 2,.

FIG. 3B shows a transmission data management information file, which includes transmission data 1 and 2 stored in the transmission data file.
.., N indicates transmission data file number information, FI1, FI2, FI3,... Indicate transmission data file information, and this transmission data file information Fin (n = 1, 2) , 3, ...) are the file names,
It includes destination information (common designation, specific common designation, individual designation) and the like. Therefore, the transmission data 1, 2, 3, ...
Can be managed by the transmission data file information Fin as shown by the arrow.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of the header information according to the embodiment of the present invention, and shows the detailed format of the transmission data file of FIG. That is, ALI is total data length information, LI is individual data length information, PI is a control information index,
AD is destination information, CP is compressed display information, MMAD is memory address information, CF is subsequent control information display information, DAT
A indicates transmission data, which is used as a basic control information section including the total data length information ALI and header information, the subsequent header information is shown as an extended control information section, and the control information index PI
Indicates the first index of control information such as destination information AD, compressed display information CP, memory address information MMAD, and subsequent control information display information CF.

For example, a common specification for transmitting the transmission data 1 to all the processing units, a specific common specification for transmitting the transmission data 2 to the processing units 1-1 and 1-2, and the transmission data 3, 4, and 5 for each processing unit 1 -1, 1-2, and 1-3, the transmission data file information FI1 of the transmission data management information file indicates the name of the file storing the transmission data 1, its address, the data length, and the common specification. The transmission data 1 is managed by such information, and in FIG. 1, the transmission data 1 to which the header including the commonly designated destination information is added is transmitted from the transmission / reception medium device 2-0 to the transmission medium 3. .

Each transmission / reception medium device 2-1, 2-2, 2-3
Analyzes the contents of the header, and when the common designation is made, each of them takes the transmission data 1 into the transmission / reception data buffer 11 (see FIG. 2) and transfers it to the processor or the memory via the processor bus 20.

Also, according to the transmission data file information FI2,
The transmission data 2 is managed by information such as the name of the file storing the transmission data 2, its address, the data length, and the specific common designation. When the transmission data 2 is transmitted from the transmission / reception medium device 2-0 to the transmission medium 3 in FIG. In the transmission / reception media 2-1, 2-2, the contents of the header are completely specified, and the own processing units 1-1, 1-2 are specified by the specific common specification. 2) and transferred to a processor or a memory via the processor bus 20.

The transmission data file information FI3, FI
4, FI5, the transmission data 3, 4, and 5 are managed by information such as a file name storing the transmission data 3, 4, and 5, its address, data length, individual designation, and the like. Headers including the respective destination information are added to 3, 4, and 5, and the transmission medium 3
The transmission / reception media devices 2-1, 2-2, and 2-3 receive transmission data addressed to their own processing unit into the transmission / reception data buffer 11 (see FIG. 2), and transmit the data via the processor bus 20 to the processor. Or, transfer to memory.

Therefore, data to be transmitted to all the processing units can be managed as a single transmission data, so that a transmission data file in a multi-processing system including a large number of processing units can be increased without increasing the size. Thus, transmission data can be managed.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of data transmission between the processing units according to the embodiment of the present invention. The management processing unit 1-0, the transmission / reception medium device 2-0, and the processing unit 1 shown in FIG. -1, a transmission / reception medium device 2-1, and a transmission medium 3. 20-
0, 20-1 is a processor bus, 21-0, 21-1 is a processor, 22-0, 22-1 is a memory.

The transmission data file of the management processing unit 1-0 can be configured in the memory 22-0. When transmission data destined for the processing unit 1-1 is set in the transmission data file and direct memory storage designation is performed, the direct memory storage designation information is set in the header information (for example, the control information in FIG. 4). When the memory storage specification information is directly inserted after the index PI) and the processor 21-0 gives a transmission instruction to the transmission / reception medium device 2-0, data is transmitted from the transmission / reception medium device 2-0 to the transmission medium 3.

Referring to FIG. 2, the transmission / reception medium device 2-1 receives data transmitted via the transmission medium 3 by the signal transmission / reception control unit 15, extracts header information, and sends it to the signal analysis processing unit 14. When the destination information indicates the destination of the own processing unit 1-1, the signal analysis processing unit 14 activates the input / output operation control unit 13 to capture the data into the transmission / reception data buffer 11, and the signal analysis processing unit 14 When the memory storage designation information is directly determined, the processor bus is occupied by the processor bus control unit 12 via the input / output operation control unit 13, and the received data is transferred from the transmission / reception data buffer 11 to the memory connected to the processor bus.

In this case, the transmission / reception medium device 2-1 occupies the processor bus 20-1 without notifying the reception to the processor 21-1 of the processing unit 1-1 and performs DMA (direct memory access). The received data is transferred to the memory 22-1 and written using the function.

When the indirect memory storage specification is performed in the opposite manner to the direct memory storage specification, the indirect memory storage specification information is set in the header information of the data transmitted from the transmission / reception medium device 2-0 to the transmission medium 3. Transmission and reception medium device 2
-1 notifies the processor 21-1 of the processing unit 1-1 of the reception.
The received data is transferred and written to the address of the memory 22-1 designated by the user.

When a data transmission instruction and a data compression instruction are sent from the processor 21-0 of the management processing unit 1-0 to the transmission / reception medium device 2-0, the transmission / reception medium device 2-0 stores the memory 22- The transmission data is read from the transmission data file formed as 0, and data compression processing is performed. Various known algorithms can be applied to the data compression algorithm. Also, compressed display information CP (see FIG. 4) is added to the header information.

The transmission / reception medium device 2-1 fetches data addressed to its own processing unit 1-1, and performs decompression processing if the data compression display information CP of the header information is added. According to the memory storage designation or the indirect memory storage designation, the received data is transferred and written to the memory 22-1 directly or according to the instruction of the processor 21-1. When the data amount is very large, data transmission time can be shortened by performing data compression processing.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of a configuration provided with a plurality of transmission media according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Indicates a transmission medium of three systems, 5-0 to 5-3 indicate a transmission medium state table, and the same reference numerals as those in FIG. 1 indicate the same parts.
The transmission / reception medium devices 2-0 to 2-3 have a function of selecting a transmission medium of each system, and may be configured to simultaneously select a plurality of transmission media and transmit / receive data. In this case, the transmission / reception data buffer 11 shown in FIG. 2 is provided corresponding to the transmission medium of each system.

The management processing unit 1-0 notifies each of the processing units 1-1 to 1-3 of whether the transmission media # 0, # 1, and # 2 are normal or abnormal. By writing to 5-3, each of the processing units 1-0 to 1-3 can select a normal transmission medium and transmit and receive data.

FIG. 7 is a flow chart of system selection according to the embodiment of the present invention, showing a case where a plurality of systems of transmission media are sequentially selected and used.
(A1), it is determined whether there is a usable transmission medium (A2), and if there is no usable transmission medium,
The transmission medium selection process is NG (A3).

If there is a usable transmission medium,
+1 is added to the transmission medium number. That is, i + 1 → n (A
4). For example, in FIG. 6, the previously selected transmission medium is #
If it is 0, it is set to # 1 which is +1 this time. Then, it is determined whether or not n is equal to or less than the maximum number of transmission media (A5). If n exceeds the maximum number of transmission media, 0 → n is set (A6). For example, when n = # 4 in FIG. 6, # 0 is set. Then, the process proceeds to the next step (A7).

If n is less than the maximum number of transmission media,
The process proceeds to step (A7), where it is determined whether or not the transmission medium n is in failure. If the transmission medium is in failure, n + 1 → n is set (A8) to select the next transmission medium, and the process proceeds to step (A5). Return. If no fault is occurring, n → i is set (A9), and this is stored as the selected transmission medium number. Further, data transmission is performed using the transmission medium n selected this time (A10). Therefore, a sound transmission medium is sequentially selected from a plurality of transmission media.

FIG. 8 is a flowchart of a retransmission process according to the embodiment of the present invention, in which a data transmission process (B1) is performed.
In this case, a response to the transmission data (ACK, NAK)
Watch for arrival. For example, it includes a process of activating a monitoring timer by transmitting data, clearing the monitoring timer by arriving a response, and determining that transmission is abnormal due to time-out, and performing a retransmission process.

When a transmission error is detected, the number of mounted transmission media is set to n (B2), and a transmission medium selection process (B3) is performed. This transmission medium selection processing can be executed, for example, according to the flowchart shown in FIG. And
The selection result is determined (B4), and if the selection fails, the transmission is abnormally terminated (B5). If the selection is successful, a data transmission request is made (B6), the result is determined (B7), and if a response arrives within the set time of the monitoring timer and it is determined that the response is normal, the transmission is terminated normally (B8). .

When the result is judged to be abnormal, the number of the transmission medium is changed from n-1 to n (B9), and it is judged whether or not n <0 (B10). If the transmission is abnormally terminated (B11), and if n ≧ 0, the step (B)
Go to 3). That is, in the case of a transmission error, retransmission processing can be performed by sequentially switching the transmission medium system.

FIG. 9 is a flowchart of a periodic test according to the embodiment of the present invention, in which a periodic test of a transmission medium is started (C1).
Thus, the number of mounted transmission media is set to n (C2), and a transmission medium selection process (C3) is performed. This transmission medium selection processing can be executed, for example, according to the flowchart shown in FIG. 7, similarly to the case of the step (B3) in FIG. Then, the selection result is determined (C4), and if the selection fails, the periodic test is terminated (C5).

If the selection is successful, the test data is transmitted to the selected transmission medium (C6). Then, it is determined whether the transmission medium is normal or abnormal by transmitting and receiving the test data (C7). If abnormal, the transmission medium n is determined to be in failure (C8), and the process proceeds to step (C9). If normal, step (C)
In 9), after n−1 → n, it is determined whether or not n <0 (C10). If n <0, the test on the mounted transmission medium has been completed. The process is terminated (C11). If n <0, step (C3)
Move to

Based on the result of the periodic test, the status corresponding to the transmission medium in the transmission medium status tables 5-0 to 5-3 (see FIG. 6) can be updated. Therefore, even when a plurality of transmission media are provided, the normality can be confirmed and the reliability of the system can be improved.

FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram of the system start-up according to the embodiment of the present invention. The same reference numerals as in FIG. 1 denote the same parts, and 6-1 to 6-3 denote storages storing a system start-up program. 1 shows a hard disk device (HD) as a device. Each of the processing units 1-1 to 1-3 has:
Since the hard disk devices 6-1 to 6-3 storing the program for starting the system are provided, the start-up command is issued simultaneously from the management processing unit 1-0 or to a specified specific processing unit. , The processing unit can immediately execute the start-up processing. Therefore, at the time of initial start-up or re-start-up, start-up can be performed in a shorter time than when downloading a program.

FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram of a duplex configuration according to the embodiment of the present invention. 30-0 and 30-1 are processor buses, 31-0 and 31-1 are processors (CPU), 32
−0, 32-1 is a memory (MEM), 33-0, 33-
1 is a transmission / reception medium device, 34 is a processor bus connection device,
Reference numeral 3 denotes a transmission medium. That is, the processing unit is connected to the 0-system processor bus 30-0 and the processor 31-.
0 and a memory 32-0, and a processor bus 30-1, a processor 31-1, and a memory 32-1 of the first system.

When the management processing unit is duplicated, for example, if the system 0 is set to the act side and the system 1 is set to the standby side, the processing unit of the system 0 on the act side is connected to another processing unit via the transmission medium 3. And the processor 31-0, through the processor bus connection device 34 or once via the transmission medium 3.
The management status information of the system is exchanged by 31-1 communication, and if a failure occurs in the 0 system on the act side, the system can be switched to the 1 system on the standby side to continue the management and control of the system. Therefore, the reliability of the system can be improved.

When the transmission / reception media devices 33-0 and 33-1 are provided corresponding to the processor buses 30-0 and 30-1, the system 0 and the system 1 can be operated independently. Become. Further, the processing unit can be duplicated as described above, and the transmission and reception medium device can be unified.

In the processing unit in which a new program is downloaded from the management processing unit via the transmission medium 3, for example, when the system 0 is on the act side, the processor bus connecting device 34 causes the processor bus 30-0 to operate. , 30-1 in accordance with the direct memory storage specification or the indirect memory storage specification described above.
The program received by the first transmission / reception transmission medium device 33-1 on the standby side is transferred to the memory 32-1 directly or indirectly by the instruction of the processor and written.

Upon completion of the download, the system 1 is switched to the act side and the system 0 is switched to the standby side to perform the service by the new program and monitor whether the service can be performed stably. At times, the processor buses 30-0, 30-
1 is connected, the new program stored in the memory 32-1 is copied to the memory 32-0, the system 1 is switched back to the standby side, and the system 0 is switched back to the act side, and the processing is continued.

When a failure occurs in a memory, the memory can be disconnected and processing can be continued. In the case of a hardware failure of the processor on the act side, the processor on the standby side can be activated to become the act side, and the processor in which the failure has occurred can be separated to continue processing.

In the case of a software failure, the processor bus connection device 34 disconnects the processor buses 30-0 and 30-1, reloads the program into the memory on the standby side, and switches the standby side to the act side to perform processing. Resume. Further, the contents of the memory on the act side at the time of occurrence of the failure are transferred to the management processing unit via an external storage device (not shown) or a transmission / reception medium device for searching for the cause of the failure.

Upon completion of the transfer processing, the contents of the memory on the act side are copied to the memory on the standby side, switching between the act side and the standby side is performed, and the operation returns to the normal operation mode. Things. Therefore, even when a failure occurs, the system will not go down,
Processing can be easily restarted.

[0054]

As described above, according to the present invention, in a multi-processing system in which a plurality of processing units are connected by a transmission medium via a transmission / reception medium device, the management processing units 1-0 are designated by a common designation. A transmission data file 4 for storing and managing common data to be transmitted, specific common data to be transmitted according to a specific common specification, and individual data according to an individual specification is provided. Even in a system having a large number of processing units, There is an advantage that transmission data can be easily managed.

The transmission / reception media devices 2-0 to 2-3 analyze the header information to receive the data, and write the received data directly into the memory of the processing unit or write it according to the control of the processor. It is possible to reduce the processing load on the processor of the processing unit.

By providing a plurality of transmission media,
There is an advantage that the time required for transmitting a large amount of data can be shortened or retransmission processing by system switching can be easily performed when a failure occurs, and that the reliability of the processing unit can be improved by using a redundant processor and the like.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of a main part of an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of a transmission / reception medium device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of a configuration of a transmission data file according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of header information according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of data transmission between processing units according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of a configuration provided with a plurality of transmission media according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a flowchart of system selection according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a flowchart of a retransmission process according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a flowchart of a periodic test according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram of system startup according to the embodiment of this invention.

FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram of a duplex configuration according to the embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

1-0 Management Processing Unit (PU-s) 1-1 to 1-3 Processing Unit (PU-a)
1, PU-a2, PU-a3) 2-0 to 2-3 Transmission / reception medium device (TR) 3 Transmission medium 4 Transmission data file (FIL)

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (72) Takashi Nojo 4-1-1, Kamidadanaka, Nakahara-ku, Kawasaki-shi, Kanagawa Prefecture Inside Fujitsu Limited (72) Inventor Yukihiro Kubo 4-chome, Kamiodanaka, Nakahara-ku, Kawasaki-shi, Kanagawa No. 1 Fujitsu Limited (72) Inventor Hiroshi Koyano 3-19-2 Nishi Shinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Corporation (72) Yoshio Kanda 3-19 Nishi Shinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo No. 2 Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Corporation

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. In a multi-processing system in which a plurality of processing units each having at least a processor and a memory are connected to a transmission medium via a transmission / reception medium device, one of the plurality of processing units is managed for management. Unit, the management processing unit includes common data that is transmitted commonly to all other processing units, specific common data that is commonly transmitted to any number of processing units,
A multi-processing system comprising a transmission data file for storing and managing individual data to be transmitted to each individual processing unit. 2. The transmission / reception medium device includes: a transmission / reception data buffer for temporarily storing transmission / reception data; a processor bus control unit for controlling data transfer between the transmission / reception data buffer and a processor bus of a processing unit; A signal transmission / reception control unit that controls data transfer between the transmission medium and the transmission / reception data buffer, a signal analysis processing unit that identifies header information of data, and a signal analysis processing unit that responds to an analysis result of the header information by the signal analysis processing unit. 2. The multi-processing system according to claim 1, further comprising an input / output operation control unit for controlling data transmission and reception. 3. The transmission / reception medium device stores the processor data in a memory of the processing unit according to a result of analyzing header information of data received via the transmission medium by the signal analysis processing unit. The multi-processing system according to claim 1, further comprising a function of writing data via a computer. 4. The multiprocessing system according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of transmission media having the same or different configurations are provided for connecting the transmission / reception media devices. 5. The transmission / reception medium device according to claim 1, wherein the transmission / reception medium device is configured to monitor a response to transmission data to determine the presence / absence of an abnormality, and perform retransmission by switching systems of the plurality of transmission media when an abnormality is detected. 5. The multi-processing system according to claim 4, wherein: 6. The processing unit according to claim 1, wherein a storage device storing a program for starting a system in accordance with a system start-up command from the management processing unit is provided in the processing unit. The multiprocessing system according to the item.