JPH1061068A - Structural device increasing earthquake-resistant strength of building - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To increase earthquake-resistant strength by incorporating wall structure, in which assembly with a foundation and the rigidity of wall structure itself are improved, and installing a connecting member between a wall having special structure and a wall having normal structure in one or more of the crossed sections of wall structure. SOLUTION: Columns made of steel are buried into concrete and an L-shaped structural device S is fixed onto the foundation B of concrete, and a connecting member 1 such as a rope, a rod material, etc., is connected between the structural device S and another wall structure oppositely faced in the upper section of the structural device S corresponding to the height of beams and girders. Since beams and girders G are joined with the structural device S in wall structure N containing the structural device S in a plane, quake load is transmitted and shared to the structural device S, and the height quakes of the beams and the girders G in the in-plane direction are unified with the quakes of the ground. When the structural device S is not contained in the surface of wall structure N, a plurality of the structural devices S are separated and mounted as much as possible, and connected to the walls having wall structure N and the columns respectively. Accordingly, quakes at the time of an earthquake are reduced, and the damage of joining sections can be prevented.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a structural device for enhancing the seismic strength of a building.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a method of enhancing the seismic strength of a building,
In the conventional structure where the foundation is fixed on the cloth foundation at appropriate intervals using anchor bolts, and columns and wall structures are assembled on top of this, the increase in wall area and installation of braces in the wall Improvements and expansions, the use of metal fittings to increase the joint strength between the column and the base, an increase in the number of anchor bolts to increase the joint strength between the base and the foundation, and reinforcement of the foundation structure are recommended. Alternatively, there is a method of selecting a strength member of a building and locally reinforcing the same to reinforce it individually. In this case, a reinforcing method using a supporting column, a supporting plate, a supporting column, a supporting wall, a brace, a blow beam, or the like is known.

[0003]

It is well known that in order for a building to overcome the seismic power of an earthquake, it must be strong enough to withstand the seismic load. However, the Great Hanshin Earthquake caused numerous casualties due to the collapse of houses, and many buildings became unusable due to tilting and damage. The cause is that the strength of the joints of the components, the deterioration over time also overlaps,
It was reported that due to the shortage, the joints tended to degrade and were broken.

[0004] The feature of the structure in which the structural members are combined and joined is that, at the joint portion, the joint is strong enough to be compressed, but hard to have sufficient strength against tensile, shearing and rotating forces.
On the other hand, in the event of an earthquake, it can be seen that the force generated inside the building, which is proportional to the vibration acceleration of the building, acts on the height of the center of gravity of the building with respect to horizontal vibration, so that the shear force on the foundation and The turning force due to the overturning moment works. When the strength of the joint between the center of gravity and the foundation exceeds its strength limit, the joint loosens, the structural material rotates, and a displacement occurs at the tip. During the repetition of the quake, the house exhibits an oscillating vibration mode in which the radius of the column is the height of the foundation, and separation, disassembly, and fracture occur at the joint. A resonance phenomenon occurs when the natural frequency of the building and the vibration frequency of the earthquake coincide or approach, and the load applied to the center of gravity of the building has the same phenomenon as the additional load applied, and the vibration displacement of the center of gravity and The displacement difference between the seismic displacements of the foundation is even greater, and breakage or collapse is more likely. Therefore, it is important for the joints to avoid resonance between the building and the earthquake and to prevent excessive shear loads and rotational loads from being applied to the joints.

In the case of a new construction, these bending moments and shearing forces are distributed and supported by many structural materials and joints by adding walls and columns, and individual structural members and joints are reduced in load. The building can be made strong against earthquakes. However, evenly securing the wall area of the entire building may lead to a decrease in the daylighting area, a partition that feels inconvenient, and a layout of the rooms, resulting in some difficulty in living and an increase in the amount of construction work. , The construction period is long, and the price is high. When strengthening existing buildings, the locations where these forces act are individually reinforced or new structural members are installed. This can be a time-consuming task. Therefore, there is a demand for a construction method in which not only new construction but also existing buildings have a reduced number of construction sites to enhance seismic strength.

[0006]

In order to reduce the moment and the shearing force of the structural members and the joints between the center of gravity and the foundation so that they are below the strength limit even in the case of an earthquake, a conventional structure is used. Apart from the type, by adding and sharing a special structural device that takes care of these loads, it is possible to achieve a reduction in the load carried by the joints of the normal structure. Therefore, for the purpose of building livability and usability, a normal strength function required to have a function as a building and a strength function for a special load such as earthquake resistance are separated. Rather than requiring the entire building to have a seismic strength that gives the building a special strength that is not needed in normal times, giving priority to livability, a special structure is built in the building or another structure is added. Then, only the seismic strength is required, and a load transmission path is added so as to bear the seismic load, thereby reinforcing the seismic strength of the building.

[0007] When a new building is constructed, as a special structure in the building to bear the seismic load, at one or more of the intersections of the wall structure, a wall structure in which the rigidity of the wall structure itself and the assembling with the foundation itself are particularly increased. Incorporate. For example, a partial wall is composed of a plurality of steel pillars embedded in the foundation, steel beams and bases connecting them, and braces arranged in the plane, and the wall is installed Are arranged in an L-shape, a T-shape, or a cross-shape according to the structure of. From the wall of this special structure to the opposing walls and corner columns and beams of the building, the structural members of the beams and girders, or the steel bars or ropes, are inserted at the height of the girder and beams. A structure consisting of a special wall structure and connecting members that stretches in the vicinity and connects the special structure wall and the normal structure walls and columns separately from the normal structure beams and girders. Install the equipment.

[0008] Alternatively, as a separate structure, one or more columns having a higher rigidity of the columns themselves are assembled into the ordinary wall structure of the building. For example, one or more steel columns embedded in a foundation are placed. From this specially-structured column, to the opposing walls and corner columns and beams of the building, the structural members of the beams and girders, or the steel bars or ropes, should be inserted at the height of the girder or beam. Stretching nearby, between the columns of special structure and the walls and columns of the normal structure of the building, apart from the beams and girders of the normal structure,
A structural device consisting of a special pillar having a configuration to be connected and a connecting member is installed.

[0009] As a special structure applicable to existing buildings, assembling with a foundation and rigidity of the wall itself are provided outside the intersection of the outer wall of the building with the L-shaped corner or the T-shaped inner partition wall. The raised wall structure is placed in close proximity and secured to the structural material of the outer wall. For example, a partial wall consisting of a plurality of steel columns embedded in the foundation and erected can be arranged according to the shape of the outer wall of the building and directly or through intermediate materials to the beams and columns of the outer wall Stick. Beams from one or more special wall structures, either directly through the outer wall or through the structural material of the outer wall, towards the walls or corner columns or beams of the building opposite each outer wall Structural or girder structural members, or steel bars or ropes, are stretched around the height of the girder or beam, and the special structural walls and the normal structural walls and Apart from the beams and girders, a structural device consisting of a special wall structure and a connecting member, which is connected, is installed.

[0010]

The above-mentioned special wall structure (S) or the special pillar (S) incorporated in the wall is prepared by embedding the lower part of the pillar in the foundation concrete or installing an anchor plate and using a plurality of anchor bolts. Can be fixed firmly to the foundation, so that they can have a structure that vibrates almost integrally with the ground vibration even at the upper end. If the special wall structure (S) is installed at the L-shaped, T-shaped, or cross-shaped part where the walls intersect, the strength of the column in the two intersecting directions can be increased by the support of the brace included in the wall. Can be further increased.

In FIG. 1, a wall structure (N) including a special wall structure (S) in a plane has a beam and a girder (G) connected to the special structure (S) so that a vibration load can be obtained. Is transmitted to and shared by the special structure (S), so that the vibration of the height of the beam or girder (G) in the in-plane direction is integrated with the vibration of the ground, and the vibration of the normal wall structure (N) Is the lower joint (J)
Since there is no difference between the vibration and the displacement, the generated load is small and will not be damaged. For example, in FIG. 2, when the special structure (S) is installed in the L-shaped portions a and b, the wall b and the wall b have the special structure (S) at the point a, and the wall b and c have the point b. Because the special structure (S) bears the in-plane vibration load, it flows to the lower joints of the walls a, b, c.
The load carried is reduced.

When the wall structure (N) to be considered does not include the special structure (S) in its plane, a plurality of special structures (S) are provided as far apart as possible, and the wall of the wall structure (N) to be considered is Connection members on pillars. . Connect with. Since the walls and columns of the wall structure (N) to be considered are restricted by other than the structural surface in addition to the ordinary structural constraints, the degree of freedom is reduced.
The original position will be maintained. Considered wall structure (N)
When the structural member (G) inside is responsible for the compressive force component and the connecting member is responsible for the tensile force component, even if the connecting member is made of a material such as a rope that has only a function of tensile force only, The position can be maintained.

For example, in FIG.
And select the corner points c and d as the connection points. Since the wall structure to be considered does not include the special structure (S) in the plane, the tip d of the wall b is the height of the beam or the girder, and the special structure (S) at the point a.
There is a possibility that rotation may occur around the point of connection with the center of rotation, and the point c may also be rotated on the side of the wall c. Therefore, the wall d swings right and left at the height of the beam or the girder. there is a possibility. Therefore, connection is made from the special structure (S) at the points a and b toward a plurality of opposing positions, that is, the points c and d, using a connecting member.

When a structural member capable of bearing both tensile and compressive loads is used for the connecting member, points c and d indicate that the connecting member functions as a brace, and the wall b and the connecting member As an intersection or an intersection between the wall c and the connecting member, the position is fixed and the wall d can be prevented from swinging right and left.

If a connecting member is made of a structural material that can only bear a tensile load but cannot bear a compressive load, such as a rope, the point c is displaced inside the circle having the connecting member as a radius around the point a. Similarly, the point d may be displaced inside the circle having the connecting member as a radius around the point b. However, due to the existence of the walls a, d, and c, the inward displacement of the point c in the direction I in FIG. , Supported by the wall,
Moreover, since the connecting member does not extend, the point c cannot be displaced inward in the I direction. Regarding the displacement of the point c to the outside in the I direction, the connecting member does not extend, and the wall c prevents the displacement in the compression direction. Therefore, the displacement of the point c to the outside in the I direction cannot be performed. Since point d cannot be displaced as well,
Deformation in the I direction at points c and d is limited, and the wall d is prevented from swinging left and right.

Regarding the vibration in the II direction, the connecting members at points c and d both take on the tensile force and the beams at wall c and b take on the compressive force, so that both points c and d are displaced. There is no. This makes it possible to use a rope or rod-shaped material which is ineffective against compressive force or easily bends but effective against tensile force as a connecting member.

In the event of an earthquake, the vibration of the mass in the building is approximately 1 at the height of the center of gravity when the vibration in the direction I or the vibration in the direction II in FIG.
At the height of the ceiling, beam, and girder of the floor, it is transmitted to the outer walls i, b, c, and d through the internal partition wall and the beams and girder. On this occasion,
As described above, the ends a, b, c, and d of the outer wall do not show any positional displacement with respect to the ground. All of these loads are transmitted to the plurality of special structures (S) through the four corners a, b, c, and d of the end of the wall, directly or by connecting members or through beams or beams of each wall. , Special structure (S)
Is responsible for the load.

After all, in the example of FIG. 2, the three sides of both sides and the lower side of each wall make the same vibration as the foundation, and most of the load passes through the both sides and is taken up by the special structure. Therefore, the vibration of the building is suppressed, and no excessive force acts on the lower joint. When it is necessary to avoid concentration of the load on the sides at both ends of the wall, a connection point is additionally provided in the middle of the wall, and the connection members from the special structure can be increased to distribute the load.

The method of installing a special structure in an existing building includes:
If a rigid wall structure is installed integrally with the foundation on the outside of the outer wall of the T-shaped structure at the intersection with the L-shaped corner or the inner partition wall, the beam or girder is If they are fixed to the columns or girders of the outer wall near the height, they will have the same function as the special structure. The function is the same as that described above, regardless of whether the connecting member extends from the pillars or beams of the outer wall that is on the inside or extends from the special structure through the wall.

[0021]

Embodiments will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 shows an embodiment in which the structural device (S) of the present invention is installed by being incorporated in a structural portion (N) of an outer wall. In this example, an L-shaped structural device is disposed at a corner where two walls intersect. A steel column is embedded in concrete and the structural device (S) is fixed to the concrete foundation (B). At the top of the structural device (S) corresponding to the height of the beam or girder,
It is a figure which connects the connection member between another opposing wall structure or pillar.

FIG. 2 shows an embodiment in which two L-shaped structural devices (S) are arranged at both ends of a wall in a plan sectional view in which a partition or the like of a building is omitted. This is an example in which connecting members are arranged at two opposing points. A normal structural material can be used for the connecting member, but when the distance is long, it is economical to use a rod or a rope using a turnbuckle and the construction is easy. The rope is pre-tensioned to make it more effective. FIG. 3 is an example in which the structural device (S) and the connecting members are arranged in a different plan view. Considering the outer wall shape of the plan view of the building, the structural material used, the structure type, the dimensions, etc., the optimal arrangement and number of structural devices (S), the positions and numbers of connection points, the number and connection paths of connection members The selection and combination are determined.

FIG. 4 shows an example of a structural device (S) integrated with a foundation using an anchor plate. The anchor plate may be provided only on the pillar, or the base may be provided integrally. Each is fixed by a plurality of anchor bolts. This figure is the latter case. FIG. 5 shows an example of a structural device (S) in which only a pillar has a special structure and is incorporated in a normal wall structure. In small houses, concrete pillars can provide sufficient strength when solidified with concrete, to which ordinary wall structures are connected. FIG. 6 is an external view when a structural device is additionally arranged outside the outer wall of an existing building.
In the case of an embodiment in which a structural device is installed in close proximity to an outdoor house by post-installation and fixed to the structure inside the outer wall, and at the same time, a bar or rope is stretched behind the ceiling and connected to the opposite wall surface It is.

[0024]

Since the present invention is configured as described above, it exhibits the following effects.
Damage from an earthquake is not always possible. Therefore, by providing the structural device of the present invention with seismic load, the other structural parts can be designed to pursue functions that are dedicated to the original livability and usability, and easily in construction, The price will also be lower.

The structural device of the present invention is intended to receive the vibration of a building at the height of a beam or a girder, and to reduce the flow of a load from a pillar of a normal structural part to a foundation or from a foundation to a foundation. Therefore, the looseness of the joint between them can be reduced, the building does not vibrate while tilting, the shaking during the earthquake can be reduced, and the joint can be prevented from being damaged. Since the structural device of the present invention has high rigidity and is incorporated into the wall structure of a building, the natural frequency of the whole building increases, which is effective for avoiding resonance with an earthquake.

The structural device of the present invention has a structure in which ropes and bars are laid separately from ordinary beams and spar above the ceiling, so that it is connected to beams and spar on the upper floor in the middle of the siding. In addition, it also has the effect of restraining these vertical vibrations, and reduces the level of vertical vibrations on the upper floor. Should the floor, beams or girders on the upper floor fall off, they will be caught by these, and it will be possible to avoid hitting the living room on the lower floor.

When the structural device of the present invention is installed in the post-construction work, it is installed outside the building. Therefore, inconvenience to the resident's life such as demolishing the existing building is caused by the rope above the ceiling. It becomes the minimum construction such as overlaying construction,
Construction work is easy and inconvenient periods can be shortened.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an external view of only a skeleton in which an external panel and the like are omitted in an embodiment in which a structural device of the present invention is incorporated into a structural portion of an outer wall and installed.

FIG. 2 is a plan view of an embodiment of a structural device in which two special L-shaped wall structures and connecting members are arranged at both ends of a wall.

FIG. 3 shows three special wall structures in different buildings;
It is a top view of the Example of the structural device in which the connection member was arrange | positioned.

FIG. 4 is an embodiment of a structural device integrated with a foundation using an anchor plate.

FIG. 5 is an external view of only a skeleton in which an exterior panel and the like are omitted in an embodiment in which only a pillar has a special structure and is incorporated in a normal wall structure.

FIG. 6 is an external view of only a skeleton, in which exterior panels and the like are omitted, when a structural device is additionally arranged outside an outer wall of an existing building.

[Explanation of symbols]

A Anchor plate B Concrete foundation G Beam, girder, girder J Base N Normal wall structure S Wall structure portion of the structural device of the present invention,. . Connection members i, b, c, d. . Wall a, b, c, d. . Installation points for special structures and connection members

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁶ Identification code Agency reference number FI Technical display location E04B 2/56 651 E04B 2/56 651S 643 643A 1/18 1/18 F E04G 23/02 E04G 23 / 02 D E04H 9/02 E04H 9/02

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A wall structure, characterized in that it has a higher rigidity at one or more of the wall structure portions where the walls of the building intersect than other equivalent portions, is incorporated into the wall structure of the building, and a position facing the wall structure is provided. A structural device for enhancing seismic strength, characterized by comprising connecting means between a plurality of structural members having a wall structure. 2. In one or more of the wall structures where the walls of the building intersect, pillars characterized by having higher rigidity than other equivalent parts are incorporated, and the structure of a plurality of wall structures at positions opposite to these columns is provided. A structural device for enhancing seismic strength, characterized in that the connecting means is provided between the material and the material. 3. At least one of the wall structure portions where the outer wall of the building intersects is provided with a structure characterized by having a higher rigidity than an equivalent portion in the building, and is fixed to the structural material of the building. A structural device for enhancing seismic strength, characterized by comprising connecting means between a plurality of structural members of a wall structure opposed to them.