JPH1059791A - Equipment for composting experiment - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an equipment which is capable of performing a composting experiment with a small amount of a sample without requiring any external heating device and also in which the cover can be removed with a one-touch operation and vapor (steam, etc.) can easily be condensed and collected and further which enables reduction in production cost of compost by constructing the equipment so that it consists of a vessel body, a cover body for hermetically sealing the vessel body and a heat insulation section covering these vessel body and cover body and also the cover body has an inclined ceiling section and a reservoir for receiving condensed water falling from the ceiling section is circularly formed inside the cover body along its inner peripheral wall. SOLUTION: The figure shows a simplified disassembly drawing of this equipment. In the figure, an equipment 1 for experimentally composting organic waste consists of a test vessel body 2, a composting section 3 in which composting is performed, a cover body 4, clamp members 5 for connecting and fastening the vessel body 2 and the cover body 4 and a foamed material 6. Further, the equipment 1 is provided with a mesh-like bottom plate 21, a temperature sensor support 22, a discharge port 23 for discharging water released from a sample, an air inlet port 24 for aeration, a condensed water reservoir 41, a condensed water discharge port 42, a ceiling section 43 formed so as to have an inclined surface in order to introduce vapor generated from the sample into the condensed water reservoir 41, a sensor insertion port 44, a gas discharge pipe 45, packings 46, another gas discharge pipe 47, a sensor outlet port 61 and a frame material 62 for holding the foamed material 6.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a composting experiment apparatus for testing and researching composting of organic waste.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a test and research on composting of organic wastes has often been carried out with a large-sized experimental device of about 1 m ³ because a material close to actual composting can be reproduced. However, this large experimental device has a thicker wall around the center of the sample to prevent the heat of decomposition of the sample itself from escaping. Must be prepared in large quantities, handling in testing and research is extremely inconvenient, and because of the large volume, composting does not proceed uniformly, making it difficult to collect analytical samples and analyze the composting process. Had problems.

[0003] For these reasons, a small-sized composting experimental device having a capacity of about 20 liters in a fermenter for compost has been used, but this small-sized composting experimental device reproduces an actual composting process. Therefore, equipment such as a heating device for externally heating the compost is required, and the equipment for heating the compost is complicated, so that the versatility is poor.

Further, as shown in FIG. 3, this small-sized composting experiment apparatus uses a sample 80 of a composting section 74 in a composting process.
(Condensed water) 81 generated from the lower part 7 of the outer cylinder 72
8, it is not easy to remove the collected condensed water 81, and the number of bolts 75 for connecting and fixing the outer cylinder 72 and the lid (outer cylinder) 73 is large. However, since it took time to remove it, it was an experimental device with poor handling.

[0005]

[Object] The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and the heat of decomposition of organic substances of a sample can be easily raised by the heat of decomposition itself, and the composting can proceed uniformly. It is another object of the present invention to provide a composting experimental device that can be easily handled.

[0006]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The gist of the present invention is to provide a container body, a lid for sealing the same, and a heat insulating portion for covering the whole from outside, and the lid has an inclined ceiling. In addition, a condensed water reservoir for storing condensed water flowing down from the ceiling along the inner peripheral wall of the lid is formed around the inner wall.

[0007] It is desirable that both the container and the lid are formed in a cylindrical shape, and are formed of a synthetic resin material such as vinyl chloride.

In the present invention, the ceiling of the lid that seals the container is inclined to one side. The inclination angle is 30
°, 45 °, 60 °, etc. However, in addition to the single flow, a double flow or a conical shape may be adopted.
The ceiling is provided with an exhaust pipe, from which gas can be exhausted, and the exhaust gas in the fermentation process can be sampled. A condensed water reservoir that stores condensed water flowing down from the ceiling along the inner peripheral wall of the lid is formed around the lower peripheral wall. The cross section including the inner wall has a U-shape or a U-shape opened upward.

The container and the lid for sealing the container are detachably provided by a clamp member, and further covered with a heat insulator for preventing heat from escaping from the closed container and the lid during the experiment. It is desirable that this heat insulator has at least a heat insulating member such as a foam material, and is formed of a frame material that holds the heat insulating member from the outside. The container body and the lid that seals the container body with the heat insulating portion cover the entirety, that is, the outer periphery, the top surface, and the bottom surface.

Further, a mesh-shaped bottom plate is provided at a distance from the bottom surface at the bottom inside the container, and a temperature sensor attached to a support is provided at the center of the container.

[0011]

According to the present invention, as described above, the heat of decomposition of the organic matter of the sample is prevented from escaping to the outside by the heat insulator provided around the container and the lid. Accordingly, the environment can be made similar to that of the center of a large amount of organic waste, the temperature of the product can be raised only by the heat of decomposition of the organic matter itself, and the composting proceeds uniformly. The steam (condensed water) generated from the sample during the composting process rises to the ceiling with the inclined surface of the outer cylinder lid, and is transmitted along the inclined surface of the ceiling to be provided on the inner peripheral wall of the lid. Collected in the condensate pool. Further, by releasing the lock of the clamp connecting and fixing the container and the lid, only the lid can be removed, and condensed water collected in the condensed water reservoir of this lid can be removed.

[0012]

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is an exploded schematic view showing a composting test apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes a composting experiment device for a composting test of an organic waste, 2 denotes a container body for performing a composting test of an organic waste as a sample, and 3 denotes a composting device in which a sample is composted. Reference numeral 4 denotes a lid serving as a lid for sealing the container 2, 5 denotes a clamp member for connecting and fixing the container 2 and the lid 4, and 6 denotes the heat of decomposition of the organic matter serving as a sample to the outside. It is a foam material that prevents escape.

Reference numeral 21 denotes a mesh-like bottom plate serving as the bottom of the composting unit 3, 22 denotes a temperature sensor support on which a temperature sensor for measuring the temperature of the composting unit 3 is mounted, 23 denotes a drain port for draining water from the sample, Reference numeral 24 denotes a ventilation port for ventilation. Reference numeral 41 denotes a condensed water reservoir provided on the peripheral wall of the lid 4.
2 is a drain port for draining condensed water, 43 is a ceiling part having an inclined surface for guiding vapor (condensed water) generated from the sample to the condensed water reservoir 41, 44 is a sensor insertion port, 45 is an exhaust pipe, and 46 is an exhaust pipe. A packing 47 for increasing the degree of sealing when the container 2 and the lid 4 are connected and fixed, and 47 is an exhaust pipe.
61 is a sensor outlet, and 62 is a frame member for holding the foam material 6 from outside.

FIG. 2 shows the result of the composting experiment apparatus of the present invention.
It is a figure which showed the change of the product temperature in the composting process at the time of performing a composting test by using a mixture of pork dung and sawdust as a sample and aerating it through the lower ventilation port 24. About one day after the start of composting, the product temperature rises to 65 ° C, and the test can be completed in about two weeks. It is possible to elucidate the decomposition mechanism of organic substances in the composting process and analyze the gas components generated.

[0015]

According to the present invention, as described above, a large amount of organic waste to be tested is sampled under a small amount of organic waste under the same conditions, and the heat of decomposition of the organic waste is obtained. Composting can be promoted by measuring the temperature, and this kind of composting experimental device can be downsized.

Further, steam (condensed water) generated from the sample in the composting process adheres to the ceiling, but does not fall again into the compost because the ceiling is inclined, and along the inner wall of the lid. Since the water flows down and is collected in the condensed water reservoir formed around the inside of the lid, the condensed water can be easily removed by removing the lid. In the past, it was made to flow down to the bottom of the container body, but there were troubles such as watertight treatment with other parts and making the container part a multi-layer structure, but in the present invention, the condensed water reservoir is simply circulated around the lid body. Therefore, the configuration is extremely simple, and the manufacturing cost can be reduced. The drainage can be easily performed by removing the lid and inverting the drain, or by opening the drain port. Further, since the lid is fixed to the container by the clamp, it can be detached and attached with one touch, and the handling of the composting experimental device can be simplified.

As described above, according to the present invention, the elucidation of the decomposition mechanism of organic substances in the process of composting organic waste and the analysis of gas components generated can be easily tested. To restate the effects: (1) Composting experiments can be performed with a small amount of sample. (2) Since the decomposition temperature itself due to composting of the organic matter of the sample raises the product temperature, an external heating device can be eliminated,
Various fermentation conditions in the actual composting process can be reproduced. (3) The lid can be removed with one touch, so that a sample in the fermenter can be easily collected over time, and the decomposition process of organic substances and changes in microorganisms can be clarified. (4) Since the ceiling surface of the lid is an inclined surface, steam (water) generated from the sample in the composting process can be easily condensed and collected. (5) Since the condensed water reservoir is circulated around the lid body, the configuration is simple and the manufacturing cost can be reduced. (6) The ventilation amount and the ventilation gas component can be easily set according to the experimental conditions.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an exploded schematic view showing a composting experimental device of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a change in the product temperature during the livestock manure composting process by the present composting experiment apparatus.

FIG. 3 is a schematic sectional view showing a conventional composting experimental device.

[Explanation of symbols]

1-composting experimental device, 2-container, 21-bottom plate, 22-
Temperature sensor support, 23-drain, 24-vent, 3-
Composting section, 4-lid, 41-condensed water reservoir, 42-drain outlet, 43-ceiling, 44-sensor insertion port, 45-exhaust pipe, 46-packing, 47-exhaust pipe, 5-clamp member, 6-foam, 61-sensor outlet, 62-frame,
70-composting experimental device, 71-container, 72-outer cylinder, 7
3-cover (outer cylinder), 74-composting section, 75-bolt, 76
-Snowboard, 77-vent, 78-bottom, 79-exhaust, 80-sample, 81-steam (condensed water)

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing on the front page (72) Yasuo Tanaka, Inventor of the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries 2 Ikenodai, Kashizaki-cho, Inashiki-gun, Ibaraki Pref. (72) Inventor Hanashima Dai 2 Ikenodai, Kashizaki-cho, Inashiki-gun, Ibaraki Pref. Inventor Kosaku Kitamura Inside Fujihira Kogyo Co., Ltd. 6-11-6 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo (72) Inventor Kazuo Tanaka Inside Fujihira Kogyo Co., Ltd. 6-11-6 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A container comprising a container, a lid for sealing the container, and a heat insulating portion covering the whole of the container, the lid having an inclined ceiling, and flowing down from the ceiling along the inner peripheral wall of the lid. A composting experimental device characterized in that a condensed water reservoir for storing condensed water is formed around the inner wall. 2. The composting experiment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the container and the lid for sealing the container are detached by a clamp member. 3. The composting experiment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said heat insulating portion is made of a foam material. 4. The composting experiment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein an exhaust pipe communicating with the outside is provided on a ceiling portion of the lid. 5. The composting experiment according to claim 1, wherein a mesh-shaped bottom plate is provided at a distance from the bottom surface at a bottom of the container, and a temperature sensor is provided at a center of the container. apparatus