JPH1059090A - Vehicular power distributor - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a vehicle powder distributor with improved reliability capable of taking measured to reduce its costs and heat radiation. SOLUTION: A vehicular power distributor, which distributes power supplied from a vehicle battery 1 through a large-capacity fuse 3a to a plurality of load 9a and the like, is provided with a plurality of load controllers 53a to 53c provided for the corresponding plurality of loads for controlling their drive. The load controllers 53a to 53c are supplied at their power input terminals with power fed through the large-capacity fuse 3a, connected at their output terminals to the load(s), and provided at their control input terminals with intelligent power switches IPS for receiving control signals to drive the corresponding loads 9a and the like.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a vehicle power supply distribution device for distributing power to electric components mounted on a vehicle such as an automobile, and more particularly to a vehicle power supply for improving reliability, reducing costs and reducing heat radiation. It relates to a dispensing device.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In an automobile, power from a battery is distributed and supplied to each electric component via a junction box called a junction box. This junction box is provided with a protection function of shutting off a power supply path when an abnormality such as a ground fault occurs to protect a power supply and electric components.

FIG. 3 shows a conventional junction box of this type and its peripheral circuits. In FIG. 3, battery 1
The power supplied through the power supply line 2 connected to the positive electrode side of the fusible link (FL) box 11 is connected to the fusible links 3 a and 3 b of each system in the FL box 11 via the bus bar 12 in the FL box 11. It is supplied to a junction box 5 directly or via a key switch 4 via a large-capacity fuse, or connected to an alternator 6.

The power supplied to the junction box 5 is distributed to a plurality of systems, and the power distributed to each system is directly or via small-capacity fuses such as blade-type fuses 7a, 7b. Mechanical relay 8
are supplied to the loads 9a and 9b and switches 10a and 10b for instructing driving of these loads.

The fusible links 3a and 3b and the blade-type fuses 7a to 7i are provided so as to prevent the wires connected to the load side from being burned out even if a ground fault occurs due to a collision accident or the like. It is provided to protect them.

The mechanical relay 8a provided in the junction box 5 supplies power to the load in the Acc power mode or the IG power mode without passing through the key switch 4, so that the current flowing through the key switch 4 is increased. Is provided to reduce Mechanical relay 8b
When the load 9b and the switch 10b are separated from each other, the cable is provided to shorten the wiring distance and simplify the wiring.

On the other hand, in recent years, the number of relays and fuses in a junction box has increased with the increase in the number of electrical components of an automobile. For this reason, the reliability of the junction box has been reduced and the cost has been increased.
In addition, relays and fuses generate a lot of heat,
There was a problem of heat countermeasures due to these heat generations.

In order to solve these problems, there is, for example, one disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 4-334640. FIG. 4 shows a junction box described in JP-A-4-334640.

In the junction box shown in FIG. 4, a series circuit of blade type fuses 7a, 7f and mechanical relays 8a, 8b is provided between the fusible link 3a and the load 9a and between the key switch 4 and the load 9b. Instead, an intelligent power switch (IP
S) 21a and 21b were connected.

That is, the power input terminal V of the IPS 21a
bb is connected to the fusible link 3a and the IPS 21
a of the IPS 21 is connected to the load 9a.
a of the control signal input terminal IN is a switch 10a, a resistor 22
a and the key switch 4 via the blade type fuse 7d.
Acc terminal. A resistor 22b is connected between the control signal input terminal IN of the IPS 21b and the ground terminal GND.
Is connected.

On the other hand, the power supply input terminal Vbb of the IPS 21b
Is connected to the IG terminal of the key switch 4 and the IPS 21b
Is connected to the load 9b, and the IPS 21b
The control signal input terminal IN of the switch 10b and the resistor 22
It is connected to the IG terminal of the key switch 4 via c. Control signal input terminal IN and ground terminal G of IPS 21b
The resistor 22d is connected to the ND.

The IPSs 21a and 21b are connected to the loads 9a and 9b based on a control signal input to a control signal input terminal IN.
Is a one-chip device having a protection function of detecting overcurrent, overvoltage, overtemperature rise, and the like, and performing a protection operation.

When the load drive command signal input from the control signal input terminal IN goes high, the IPSs 21a and 21b turn on the switch circuit 31 and activate the output transistor 32 to drive the load. .

The IPSs 21a and 21b include a failure diagnosis circuit 35 including a load operation monitor circuit 33 and a protection circuit 34.
Is provided, and the load operation monitor circuit 33 detects an overcurrent, an overvoltage and overheating of the output transistor 32 to detect an abnormality at the time of driving the load, and outputs a failure diagnosis signal.
The protection circuit 34 protects the output transistor 32 by controlling the switch circuit 31 when the load operation monitoring circuit 33 detects an abnormality.

According to such a configuration, the switch 10a
Is turned off, the control signal input terminal IN is pulled down to the ground potential by the resistor 22b.
Is off, and the output transistor 32 becomes inactive. Therefore, no power is supplied to the load 9a.

Next, when the switch 10a is turned on, the power supply voltage is applied to the control signal input terminal IN by the resistors 22a and 22a.
The voltage divided at b is applied. Then, the resistors 22a,
If the resistance value of the resistor 22b is determined so as to satisfy the input condition of the IPS 21a, the switch circuit 31 is turned on,
The output transistor 32 becomes active. As a result, power is applied to the load 9a, and the load 9a is activated.

Here, when the load 9a is short-circuited or the power supply between the IPS 21a and the load 9a is grounded, the fusible link 3a to the IPS 21a to the load 9a
An overcurrent exceeding the shutdown current flows between the ground and the ground.

Then, the load operation monitor circuit 33 detects this overcurrent and outputs the signal via the protection circuit 34 to the switch circuit 31.
Is turned off. Therefore, the output transistor 3
2 is turned off, and the overcurrent is cut off.

As described above, the conventional relay and fuse are replaced by
Since the IPSs 21a and 21b are replaced, the number of parts and the area occupied by the parts can be greatly reduced, so that the junction box can be significantly reduced in size and heat radiation can be prevented.

[0020]

However, in the junction box, since a large current circuit is basically distributed, it is necessary to make the bus bar 12 and the pattern of the board thick, and the wiring space of the circuit is the same level as the conventional one. It could be more.

Further, the characteristics of the IPS vary greatly depending on the ambient temperature. For this reason, as a heat dissipation measure, it is necessary to increase the interval between the mounted components or attach a heat sink.
The advantage of mounting the IPS in the junction box was small.

An object of the present invention is to improve reliability, and
It is an object of the present invention to provide a vehicle power distribution device capable of reducing costs and taking measures against heat radiation.

[0023]

The present invention employs the following means in order to solve the above-mentioned problems. The invention of claim 1 is
In a vehicle power distribution device that distributes power supplied from a vehicle battery via a large capacity fuse to a plurality of loads,
A plurality of load control devices are provided corresponding to the plurality of loads and control a drive of each load, and each of the load control devices is supplied with power through the large-capacity fuse to a power input terminal, and has an output terminal. The present invention has an intelligent power switch connected to a load and supplied to a control input terminal with a control signal for driving the load.

According to the present invention, a plurality of load control devices for controlling the driving of each load are provided for a plurality of loads, and an intelligent power switch is arranged for each load control device. And a conventional junction box is not required. Thereby, reliability can be improved, and cost reduction and heat radiation measures can be achieved.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, each of the load control devices has a control circuit for outputting a control signal for driving the load to the control input terminal of the intelligent power switch. Any one of
The gist of the invention is that the two load control devices include a control circuit operation unit that is supplied with power through the large-capacity fuse to a power input terminal, has output terminals connected to all of the control circuits, and operates all of the control circuits. And

According to the present invention, the control circuit operating section in any one of the load control devices operates all control circuits when power is supplied to the power input terminal through the large-capacity fuse. The control circuit can output a control signal for driving the load to a control input terminal of the intelligent power switch.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, in a vehicle power distribution device for distributing power supplied from a vehicle battery via a large capacity fuse to a plurality of loads, a plurality of small capacity fuses connected to the large capacity fuse are connected. And a plurality of load control devices provided corresponding to the plurality of loads, each being connected to the junction box, and controlling driving of each load, wherein each of the load control devices includes a power input. Power is supplied to the terminal via the large capacity fuse, the output terminal is connected to the load,
The present invention has an intelligent power switch in which a control signal for driving the load is supplied to a control input terminal.

According to the present invention, an intelligent power switch, which is a substitute for a conventional relay or fuse, is arranged for each load control device without disposing an intelligent power switch in a junction box having a plurality of small capacity fuses. Therefore, it is possible to take measures against heat of the junction box. Further, since the number of fuses is reduced, the size of the junction box can be reduced.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, each of the load control devices is supplied with power through the small-capacity fuse, and outputs a control signal for driving the load to a control input terminal of the intelligent power switch. The gist is to have.

According to the present invention, when power is supplied to the control circuit in each load control device through the small-capacity fuse,
A control signal for driving a load from the control circuit can be output to a control input terminal of the intelligent power switch.

[0031]

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a vehicle power distribution device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

<First Embodiment> FIG. 1 shows a configuration diagram of a vehicle power distribution device according to a first embodiment of the present invention. The vehicle power distribution device shown in FIG. 1 distributes and supplies power to a plurality of electric components of an automobile, and a IPS is provided for each load control device (hereinafter, referred to as each load control unit). It replaces relays and fuses.

Battery 1, power line 2, FL box 1
Since the configurations of the key switch 1, the key switch 4, and the alternator 6 are the same as those of the conventional one, detailed description thereof is omitted here.

The fusible link 3a is connected to load control units 53a to 53c for controlling the driving of the load.

(Configuration of Load Control Unit 53a)
The configuration of the load control unit 53a will be described. The load control unit 53a includes IPS 21a ₁ , IPS 21
a ₂ , a control circuit 55a, and resistors 56a and 57a are provided.

The power supply input terminal Vbb of IPS21a ₁ is connected to the fusible link 3a, the output terminal OUT of IPS21a ₁ is connected to the control circuit 55a to 55c, I
The control signal input terminal IN of the PS 21a ₁ is grounded via the resistors 61 and 62. The resistor 61 is connected to the control signal input terminal IN and the power supply input terminal Vbb.

The IPS 21a ₁ is connected to each load control unit 5
An IPS for driving the control circuits 55a to 55c provided in the 3a to 53c. When power is supplied to the power input terminal Vbb, the IPS is transmitted from the output terminal OUT to the control circuits 55a to 55c of the load control units 53a to 53c. Power is supplied.

The load control unit 53a includes a control circuit 55
that provided IPS21a ₁ for driving the a~55c other load control unit 53b, different from 53c.

A voltage is applied to one end of the resistor 56a, one end of the resistor 57a is connected to the other end of the resistor 56a, and the other end of the resistor 57a is connected to the control circuit 55a. One end of a switch 10a for instructing driving of a load is connected to a middle point between the resistors 56a and 57a.
The other end of Oa is grounded.

The control circuit 55a sends a control signal for driving the load 9a to I / O by turning on / off the switch 10a.
It has manner to the control signal input terminal IN of PS21A _2.

The IPS 21a ₂ has a control signal input terminal IN
In addition to directly driving the load 9a based on the control signal input to the CPU, the protection operation is performed by detecting an overcurrent, an overvoltage, an overtemperature rise, and the like.

The power supply input terminal Vbb of IPS21a ₂ is connected to the fusible link 3a, the output terminal OUT of the IPS21a ₂ is connected to the load 9a, the control signal input terminal IN of IPS21a ₂ is connected to the control circuit 55a.

(Configuration of Load Control Unit 53b)
The configuration of the load control unit 53b will be described. The load control unit 53b includes IPS 21b ₁ , IPS 21
b ₂ , control circuit 55b, resistors 56b, 57b, 58b,
59b are provided.

The power supply input terminal Vbb of IPS21b ₁ is connected to the fusible link 3a, the output terminal OUT of IPS21b ₁ is connected to a load 9b _1, IPS21b ₁
Is connected to the control circuit 55b.

The power input terminal Vbb of the IPS 21 b ₂ is connected to the Acc terminal of the key switch 4. IPS2
The output terminal OUT of the 1b ₂ is connected to a load 9b _2, IP
Control signal input terminal IN of the S21b ₂ is connected to the control circuit 55b.

A voltage is applied to one end of the resistor 56b, one end of the resistor 57b is connected to the other end of the resistor 56b, and the other end of the resistor 57b is connected to the control circuit 55b. A switch 10 is provided between the resistance 56b and the resistance 57b.
One end of the b ₁ is connected, the other end of the switch 10b ₁ a is grounded.

A voltage is applied to one end of the resistor 58b, one end of the resistor 59b is connected to the other end of the resistor 58b, and the other end of the resistor 59b is connected to the control circuit 55b. A switch 10 is provided between the resistors 58b and 59b.
One end of the b ₂ is connected, the other end of the switch 10b ₂ is grounded.

The control circuit 55b includes the on-off switch 10b _1, a control signal for driving a load 9b ₁ outputs to the control signal input terminal IN of IPS21b _1, the on-off switch 10b _2, the load a control signal for driving the 9b ₂ and outputs the control signal input terminal iN of IPS21b _2.

The IPSs 21b ₁ and 21b ₂ directly drive the loads 9b ₁ and 9b ₂ based on the control signal input to the control signal input terminal IN, and detect and protect overcurrent, overvoltage and overtemperature rise. Perform the operation.

(Configuration of Load Control Unit 53c)
The configuration of the load control unit 53c will be described. Power supply input terminal V of IPS 21b ₂ of load control unit 53b
bb is connected to the Acc terminal of the key switch 4, whereas the power input terminal Vbb of the IPS 21 c ₂ of the load control unit 53 c is connected to the IG terminal of the key switch 4.

The other components will be described below. The load control unit 53c includes IPS 21c ₁ , IPS 21c
₂ , control circuit 55c, resistors 56c, 57c, 58c, 5
9c is provided.

[0052] Power input terminal Vbb of IPS21c ₁ is connected to the fusible link 3a, the output terminal OUT of IPS21c ₁ is connected to a load 9c _1, IPS21c ₁
Is connected to the control circuit 55c.

The power input terminal Vbb of the IPS 21 c ₂ is connected to the IG terminal of the key switch 4. IPS21
the output terminal OUT of the c ₂ is connected to a load 9c _2, IPS
Control signal input terminal IN of 21c ₂ is connected to a control circuit 55c.

A voltage is applied to one end of the resistor 56c, one end of the resistor 57c is connected to the other end of the resistor 56c, and the other end of the resistor 57c is connected to the control circuit 55c. A switch 10 is provided between the resistance 56c and the resistance 57c.
One end of the c ₁ is connected, the other end of the switch 10c ₁ is grounded.

A voltage is applied to one end of the resistor 58c, one end of the resistor 59c is connected to the other end of the resistor 58c, and the other end of the resistor 59c is connected to the control circuit 55c. A switch 10 is provided between the resistors 58c and 59c.
One end of the c ₂ is connected, the other end of the switch 10c ₂ is grounded.

[0056] The control circuit 55c has the on-off switch 10c _1, a control signal for driving a load 9c ₁ outputs to the control signal input terminal IN of IPS21c _1, the on-off switch 10c _2, load a control signal for driving the 9c ₂ and outputs the control signal input terminal iN of IPS21c _2.

The IPS 21c ₁ and IPS 21c ₂ directly drive the loads 9c ₁ and 9c ₂ based on the control signal input to the control signal input terminal IN, and detect and protect overcurrent, overvoltage and overtemperature rise. Perform the operation.

[0058] IPS21a ₂ ~IPS21c _2, when the control signal for driving a load that is input from the control signal input terminal IN goes low, driving the load.

With the above configuration, the power from the fusible link 3a without the key switch 4 is supplied to the IPS 21
_{a 1, IPS21a 2, IPS21b 1} , IPS21c
₁ is always supplied. The power supply through the key switch 4, the position of the key switch 4, and is supplied to the IPS21b _2, IPS21c _2.

Next, the first embodiment configured as described above
The operation of the vehicle power distribution device will be described.

First, power from the fusible link 3a is supplied to the IPS 21a ₁ , IPS 21a ₂ , IPS 21
b _1, it is supplied to the power input terminal Vbb of each of IPS21c _1. Through the key switch 4 power supply, power supply input terminal V of IPS21b ₂ from Acc terminal of the key switch 4
bb from the IG terminal of the key switch 4 to the IPS
Supplied to the power supply input terminal Vbb of 21c _2.

[0062] Then, the output terminal OUT of the IPS21a ₁
, The control circuits 55a, 55b, and 55c are activated.

[0063] Here, for example, at the time of off of the switch 10a, the control circuit 55a to the resistor 56a, since a voltage divided by 57a is applied, the control circuit 55a control signal of a high level from the IPS21a ₂ control signal Input to the input terminal IN. Therefore, no power is supplied to the load 9a.

Next, when the switch 10a is turned on, the resistance 56a is grounded, the control from the control circuit 55a low-level control signal is IPS21a ₂ signal input terminal I
N. Then, the load 9a is output from the output terminal OUT.
Is applied, and the load 9a is driven.

Here, the driving of the load 9a has been described, but the other loads 9b ₁ , 9b ₂ , 9c ₁ , and 9c ₂ operate similarly.

As described above, according to the first embodiment, the IPS can be used as a substitute for the conventional relay or fuse. In addition, since the IPS is used for each load control unit, a junction box is not required, and space saving and maintenance-free operation can be achieved. Thereby, reliability can be improved, and cost reduction and heat radiation measures can be achieved.

In the first embodiment, the number of load control units is three. However, the number is not limited to three.
Other numbers may be used.

<Second Embodiment> FIG. 2 shows a configuration diagram of a vehicle power distribution device according to a second embodiment of the present invention. Embodiment 2
In the vehicle power distribution device, the IPS which is a substitute for the conventional relay and fuse is arranged for each load control unit without disposing the IPS in the junction box 70.

The vehicle power distribution device shown in FIG. 2 has a junction box 70,
And load control units 53b and 53c arranged adjacent to or apart from the load control unit.

The junction box 70 includes blade type fuses 7b connected to the fusible link 3a,
7c, blade-type fuses 7d and 7e connected to the Acc terminal of the key switch 4, and blade-type fuses 7h and 7i connected to the IG terminal of the key switch 4.

[0071] The fusible link 3a, IPS21b ₁ power supply terminal Vbb in the load control unit 53b
And a power supply input terminal Vbb of IPS21c ₁ of the load control unit 53c is connected.

The control circuit 5 is connected to the blade type fuse 7b.
5b and 55c are connected. The IG terminal of the key switch 4, IP in the power supply input terminal Vbb of IPS21b ₂ of the load control unit 53b and the load control unit 53c
Power input terminal Vbb in S21c ₂ are connected.

The other load control units 53b,
Since the configuration of 53c has been described in the first embodiment, a detailed description thereof will be omitted here.

Next, the second embodiment configured as described above
The operation of the vehicle power distribution device will be described.

First, the power from the fusible link 3a is supplied to the respective power input terminals Vbb of the IPS 21b ₁ and IPS 21c ₁ . The power supply via the key switch 4 is supplied from the IG terminal of the key switch 4 to the IPS 21b ₂ , I
Supplied to the power supply input terminal Vbb of PS21c _2.

Since the power from the blade type fuse 7b is supplied to the control circuits 55b and 55c, the control circuits 55b and 55c are activated.

[0077] Here, for example, at the time of the off switch 10b _1, resistor 56b to the control circuit 55b, so the divided voltage is applied by 57 b, controlled by the control circuit 55b a control signal of a high level of IPS21b ₁ The signal is input to the signal input terminal IN. Therefore, power is not supplied to the load 9b _1.

Next, when the switch 10b ₁ is turned on,
Since the resistance 56b is grounded, the control signal of a low level is inputted to the control signal input terminal IN of IPS21b ₁ from the control circuit 55b. Then, the load 9 is output from the output terminal OUT.
power is applied to the b _1, load 9b ₁ is driven.

[0079] Here has been described the driving of the load 9b _1, other loads 9b _2, 9c _1, even 9c ₂ operate similarly.

As described above, according to the second embodiment, the IPS which is a substitute for the conventional relay and fuse is arranged for each load control unit without arranging the IPS in the junction box 70. Measures against heat. Further, since the number of fuses is reduced, the size of the junction box 70 can be reduced.

In the second embodiment, the number of load control units is two. However, the present invention is not limited to this number.
Other numbers may be used.

[0082]

According to the present invention, a plurality of load control devices for controlling the driving of each load are provided for a plurality of loads, and an intelligent power switch is arranged for each load control device. And eliminates the need for conventional junction boxes. Thereby, reliability can be improved, and cost reduction and heat radiation measures can be achieved.

When a power supply via a large-capacity fuse is supplied to the power supply input terminal, the control circuit operating section in any one of the load control devices operates all the control circuits. A control signal for driving the load can be output to a control input terminal of the intelligent power switch.

Further, since the intelligent power switch which is a substitute for the conventional relay and fuse is arranged for each load control device without disposing the intelligent power switch in a junction box having a plurality of small capacity fuses, the junction box is provided. Measures against heat. Also, since the number of fuses is reduced,
The junction box can be reduced in size.

When power is supplied to a control circuit in each load control device through a small-capacity fuse, the control circuit outputs a control signal for driving a load to a control input terminal of the intelligent power switch. Can be.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram illustrating a vehicle power distribution device according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram illustrating a vehicle power distribution device according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram illustrating an example of a conventional junction box.

FIG. 4 is a configuration diagram showing another example of a conventional junction box.

FIG. 5 shows the I in the junction box shown in FIG.
FIG. 3 is a block diagram illustrating a schematic configuration of a PS.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 battery 3a, 3b fusible link 4 keyswitch 5,20,70 junction box 7a~7i blade fuse 8a, 8b mechanical relay 9a, 9b, 9a ₁ ~9c ₂ load 10,10a, 10b ₁ ~10c ₂ switch 11 fusible link I scan 12 busbar _{21a, 21b, 21a 1 ~21c 2} , 41 IPS 53a~53c load control unit 55a~55c control circuit

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A vehicle power distribution device for distributing power supplied from a vehicle battery via a large-capacity fuse to a plurality of loads, comprising: a plurality of loads provided corresponding to the plurality of loads to control driving of each load. A load control device, wherein each of the load control devices is supplied with power through the large-capacity fuse at a power input terminal, an output terminal is connected to the load, and a control signal for driving the load is provided at the control input terminal. A vehicle power distribution device having an intelligent power switch to be supplied. 2. Each of the load control devices has a control circuit for outputting a control signal for driving the load to the control input terminal of the intelligent power switch, and includes one of a plurality of load control devices. In the two load control devices, power is supplied to a power input terminal through the large-capacity fuse, and output terminals are connected to all of the control circuits.
The vehicle power distribution device according to claim 1, further comprising a control circuit operation unit that operates all of the control circuits. 3. A vehicle power distribution device for distributing power supplied from a vehicle battery via a large capacity fuse to a plurality of loads, comprising: a junction box having a plurality of small capacity fuses connected to the large capacity fuse; A plurality of load control devices provided corresponding to the plurality of loads, each connected to the junction box, and controlling the driving of each load, wherein each of the load control devices has a power input terminal having the large capacity. A vehicle power distribution device comprising: an intelligent power switch to which power is supplied via a fuse, an output terminal is connected to a load, and a control signal is supplied to a control input terminal to control the load. 4. Each of the load control devices includes a control circuit to which power is supplied through the small-capacity fuse and that outputs a control signal for driving the load to the control input terminal of the intelligent power switch. The vehicle power distribution device according to claim 3, wherein: