JPH1054193A - Driving method for tunnel boring machine - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a driving method for a tunnel boring machine capable of obtaining the sufficient thrust required for boring even when the rock nature is changed. SOLUTION: An anchor boring through hole 3 is opened at a position outside of the rotary locus of a boring disk 2 or at the center of the boring disk 2 on the front face of a shell body 1, and the through hole 3 is utilized for drilling toward the working face. The drilled hole is utilized to insert an anchor material 4, the tip of the anchor material 4 is fixed under the ground, then the anchor material 4 is used as reaction force to press a boring machine to the working face for boring.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for excavating a tunnel excavator.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A conventional tunnel excavator has a plurality of grippers extending in the circumferential direction around a cylindrical shell. Then, the gripper is pressed against the surface of the ground that has just been cut, and the cutting force is pressed against the face using the axial force of the excavator obtained from the reaction force, and the rock is propelled while crushing the rock of the face. .

[0003]

However, the above-described conventional method of excavating a tunnel excavator has the following problems. <A> The excavated tunnel wall must have sufficient strength to resist the pressure of the gripper. However, there are few places in Japan where the hard rock part is generally long, and the quality of the rock often changes frequently, and crush zones and soft rock parts are often interposed between the hard rocks. <B> For this reason, sufficient pressurization of the surrounding ground by the gripper cannot be obtained, and as a result, a situation may occur in which the pressing force against the face is insufficient.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems, and is intended to provide a tunnel excavator capable of obtaining a sufficient thrust required for excavation even when rock quality changes. The purpose is to provide a digging method.

[0005]

In order to achieve the above object, a method for excavating a tunnel excavator according to the present invention is directed to a tunnel excavator in which an excavating disk is installed on the front surface of a shell body. A hole for anchor drilling is opened outside the rotation trajectory of the drilling disk in the above, a hole is drilled toward the face using this through hole, and an anchor is inserted using the drilled hole. After fixing the tip of the anchor in the ground,
It features a method of excavating a tunnel excavator, which excavates while pressing an excavator against a face with an anchor as a reaction force.

Further, according to the tunnel excavating method of the present invention, in a tunnel excavator in which an excavating disk is installed in front of a shell body, a through hole for anchor drilling is opened at the center of the excavating disk. Using this through hole, drill the hole toward the face, insert the anchor using the drilled hole, fix the tip of the anchor in the ground, and then use the anchor as a reaction force to turn the excavator into the face. It features a method of excavating a tunnel excavator that excavates while pressing.

[0007]

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a tunnel excavator according to an embodiment of the present invention;

<A> Overall configuration. The tunnel excavator according to the present invention includes a shell 1 for protecting the outer periphery of the excavator, and an excavation disk 2 disposed on the front surface thereof. It is not necessary to install a gripper that expands and contracts in the circumferential direction around the shell 1 unlike a conventional device, but it is also possible to use a gripper together depending on the situation, and it is limited to either one. Not something.

<B> A large number of excavating disks 2 are arranged on the front surface of the through-hole shell 1 outside the excavating disk. In a front projection view when this tunnel excavator is viewed from the front, a through hole 3 for anchor drilling is opened outside the rotation locus of the excavating disk 2. In the front projection view, since the partition wall exists outside the rotation trajectory of the excavation disk 2, the through hole 3 opens to the partition wall. Behind the through-hole 3 (wellhead side)
A drilling device is arranged. Therefore, the rod of the drilling machine can be inserted through the through hole 3 outside the rotation trajectory of the drilling disc 2 to drill the hole toward the face.

<C> Through Hole at Center of Excavation Disk In some cases, a through hole 3 for drilling an anchor is opened at the center of the excavation disk 2 arranged in front of the shell 1. That is,
The rotation center axis of the excavation disk 2 is a hollow axis, and the rotation force is attached around the axis and obtained from a gear. A drilling device is also arranged behind the through hole 3 (on the wellhead side). Therefore, the rod of the drilling machine can be inserted through the through hole 3 at the center of the drilling disk 2 to drill the hole toward the face. In some cases, the through hole outside the rotation locus of the excavating disk and the through hole 3 at the center of the excavating disk 2 may be used together.

<D> Installation of anchor. Drilling is performed toward the face using a through hole outside the rotation locus of the drilling disk 2 (FIG. 1) or using a through hole 3 arranged at the center of the drilling disk 2 (FIG. 3). Thereafter, an anchor material 4 such as a PC steel wire and a grout injection pipe are inserted from the inside of the excavator toward the drilled hole. Then, grouting 5 is performed in the hole in the same manner as a general anchor, and the tip of the anchor material 4 is fixed in the ground. Even if the ground of the face is soft, a long frictional force can be obtained by extending the anchor member 4 long. Alternatively, the anchor material 4 can be fixed by extending to the hard rock layer. As a method for fixing the anchor, a method in which a packer is provided at the tip without using grout and a resistance is obtained by expanding and expanding with air pressure, hydraulic pressure, water pressure or the like can be adopted. This method is economical because the packer can be used repeatedly.

<E> Ensuring thrust. The tail end of the anchor member 4 having the tip fixed to the bottom of the hole is exposed in the shell 1 through the through hole outside the rotation locus of the excavating disk 2 or the through hole 3 of the excavating disk 2. This exposed portion is made to pass through the hollow opening of the center hole jack 6. Then, it is gripped from around the anchor material 4 using a gripping means such as a wedge. When the center hole jack 6 is extended in this way, the excavating disk 2 is pressed against the face in accordance with the extension amount of the center hole jack 6. In this state, excavation is performed by rotating the excavation disk 2, and the center hole jack 6 is extended in accordance with the excavation amount. When the center hole jack 6 has been moved forward by a predetermined distance, the center hole jack 6 is once shortened, and the extension is repeated again in the same manner, and the anchor member 4 is dragged in the shape of a scale insect. Thus, the excavation is performed while taking the reaction force against the anchor member 4 and pressing the excavation disk 2 against the face. In addition, since the anchor member 4 is located at the through hole outside the rotation locus of the excavating disk or at the center of the rotating excavating disk 2, it does not hinder the rotation of the disk 2.

<F> Mutual propulsion With the above-described method, the work of drilling the anchor hole and the work of obtaining the reaction force using the hole cannot be performed at the same time. Therefore, during drilling of the anchor hole, the thrust cannot be obtained, and the excavation work is interrupted. Therefore, it is necessary to calculate the maximum propulsive force required to propel the entire tunnel excavator, and to adopt a method of opening the through-holes 3 which is twice or more the number required to obtain the maximum force. Can be. In this case, the excavator is pressed against the face of the excavator with only the necessary number of anchors to obtain the propulsion, and the other through holes 3 not used for securing the propulsion during that time are used next time. Drill holes for use. If the propulsion operation and the drilling operation are alternately performed in parallel in this manner, the operation is not interrupted.

[0014]

According to the method of the present invention for excavating a tunnel excavator, the following effects can be obtained. <B> The reaction force is not taken from the ground surface around the tunnel excavator, but is taken from the ground ahead.
Therefore, even if the surrounding ground is poor in rock quality, a sufficient necessary reaction force can be obtained, and stable excavation can be secured. <B> This is a method in which a fixing point is secured in advance to the excavator, and the body of the excavator is drawn toward that point. Therefore, directional control with higher reliability can be performed as compared with the conventional method in which the excavator is pushed out by taking a reaction force around. <C> When the ground is soft, the number of anchors can be increased or the distance of the anchors can be freely adjusted according to the degree of the degree. Therefore, it is possible to appropriately cope with the situation of the ground, and it is possible to economically and highly flexibly cope with the situation of the place. <D> Unlike the conventional tunnel excavator, there is no need to provide a gripper that moves in and out in the circumferential direction on the outer periphery of the shell 1.
Therefore, there is no need for a large jack or other device related to pushing and pulling of the gripper, and the entire device can be reduced in weight and size. <E> If a plurality of anchors are fixed prior to excavation, stable direction control can be performed. <F> Through holes 3 more than twice the anchor required for one propulsion
Is provided, the propulsion operation and the drilling operation can be alternately performed in parallel. Therefore, any work is not interrupted, and a smooth excavation work can be performed. <G> By not including a gripper, the weight of the entire excavator can be significantly reduced. If the weight of the fuselage can be reduced, troubles such as sinking of the fuselage can be avoided even in an area with bad ground, and highly reliable excavation can be expected. <H> Alternatively, if the ground is deteriorated during construction using conventional equipment and excavation becomes impossible, the pulling method using the forward anchor of the present invention may be effective. It can be used as a measure.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of a method of excavating using a through-hole outside the rotation locus of a drilling disk.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view of the same.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory view of a method of excavation using a through hole at the center of rotation of a drilling disk.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view thereof.

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (72) Inventor Yukio Yoshitomi 1-25-1, Nishishinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo Taisei Corporation

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A tunnel excavator having an excavation disk installed on the front surface of a shell body, wherein a through hole for anchor drilling is opened outside the rotation locus of the excavation disk in a front projection view. Use the drilled hole to drill into the face, insert the anchor using the drilled hole, fix the tip of the anchor in the ground, and excavate while pressing the excavator against the face using the anchor as a reaction force. Do the tunnel excavator digging method. 2. A tunnel excavator in which an excavating disk is installed on the front surface of a shell body, wherein a thrust is obtained when a through hole for anchor drilling is opened outside the rotation locus of the excavating disk in a front projection view. More than twice the number of holes required for the propulsion, the only number of anchors required to obtain the propulsion force is used to push the excavator against the face, and the other The excavation method for a tunnel excavator according to claim 2, wherein drilling for use in the next propulsion is performed using the through hole, and thus the propulsion and the drilling are alternately performed in parallel. 3. A tunnel excavator in which an excavating disk is installed in front of a shell body, wherein a through hole for anchor drilling is opened in the center of the excavating disk, and the through hole is used to face a face. Drilling, inserting an anchor using the drilled hole, fixing the tip of the anchor in the ground, and then excavating while pressing the excavator against the face with the anchor as a reaction force. How to excavate. 4. A tunnel excavator in which a drilling disk is installed on the front surface of a shell body, the number of drilling disks required for obtaining a propulsive force when opening a through hole for anchor drilling at the center of the drilling disk. More than twice as many through-holes are opened, and only the required number of anchors to obtain the propulsion force are used to press the excavator against the face, and the next time using other through-holes not used for propulsion 4. The method for excavating a tunnel excavator according to claim 3, wherein drilling for use in propulsion is performed, and thus the propulsion and drilling are alternately performed in parallel.