JPH1045475A - Ceramic carbide - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain ceramic having an increased rate of moisture absorption or dehydration, utilizable as a deodorant, a humidity controlling agent, a waste oil absorbent and a plant activator, especially usable as the waste oil absorbent after use as the deodorant or the humidity controlling agent and further usable as the plant activator. SOLUTION: An org. solid impregnated with an aq. inorg. salt soln. is carbonized at 400-900 deg.C to obtain the objective ceramic carbide. Finer mineral powder than the org. solid may be added to the org. solid. The org. solid may chiefly have 1-5mm diameter. The mineral powder may chiefly have <=150 mesh particle diameter. The ceramic carbide can be used as a deodorant, a humidity controlling agent and a waste oil absorbent and can also be used as a plant activator after use as the waste oil absorbent.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

The present invention relates to a ceramic carbide,
More specifically, the present invention relates to a ceramic carbide obtained by carbonizing an organic solid material in a state where inorganic salts are impregnated, and in particular, a deodorant, a humidity control agent, a waste oil absorbent, or a plant activator for use after absorbing waste oil. The present invention relates to a ceramic carbide which is suitable for use in ceramics.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art It has been known that charcoal obtained by sintering wood or activated carbon subjected to a special treatment has a large surface area and has a deodorizing effect or a humidity control effect. Therefore, a deodorant or a humidifier has been manufactured using charcoal or activated carbon and has been put to practical use.

[0003] In both cases, it is known that activated carbon has a moisture absorption rate about five times that of charcoal, but it is also known that activated carbon is difficult to completely dehydrate during dehydration. Further, such charcoal or activated carbon has been used as a deodorant or as a humidity conditioner under the above-mentioned properties.

[0004]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Therefore, in the present invention,
The first aspect of the present invention is to provide a ceramic carbide in which an organic solid material is added with an aqueous solution of an inorganic salt and impregnated, and carbonized and calcined, thereby improving a moisture absorption rate or a dehydration rate. The invention according to claim 2 is
It is an object of the present invention to provide a ceramic carbide in which the object of the invention according to claim 1 is further ensured by granulating or pulverizing an organic solid material to have a preferable particle size.

[0005] The invention according to claim 3 provides an organic solid substance,
An object of the present invention is to provide a ceramic carbide in which an inorganic salt aqueous solution is added to impregnated mineral fine powder of 150 mesh or less, impregnated, and carbonized and calcined to further improve a moisture absorption rate or a dehydration rate. The invention of claim 4 uses the invention of claims 1 to 3 as a deodorant, and the invention of claim 5 uses it as a humidity control.

Further, the invention according to claim 6 is used as a waste oil absorbent, paying attention to its excellent oil absorbing effect. Further, the invention according to claim 7 is intended to utilize ceramic carbide after absorbing waste oil as a plant activator, paying attention to the point that waste oil is gradually discharged from ceramic carbide having absorbed waste oil. It is.

[0007]

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, according to the first aspect of the present invention, an organic solid is impregnated with an aqueous solution of an inorganic salt and calcined at 400 to 900 ° C. It is characterized by having been formed. Here, organic solids include trunks, branches, skins, leaves, wood chips, woody materials such as sawdust, beans including coffee beans, rice husks, mandarin skin, paper,
Organic fibers such as fruits or marc can be used.

[0008] The aqueous solution of an inorganic salt is made of inorganic salts soluble in water. Here, examples of inorganic salts soluble in water include sodium silicate and calcium silicate for silicates, aluminum chloride, aluminum sulfate and ammonium aluminum sulfate for aluminum salts, calcium chloride for calcium salts, and chloride for magnesium salts. Magnesium, magnesium sulfate and the like.

Such an aqueous solution of an inorganic salt is added to and impregnated into an organic solid substance, carbonized and calcined, and becomes an oxide, thereby exhibiting various functions. Further, the mixing ratio here is such that the organic solid matter is 100% by dry weight.
It is desirable that the inorganic salts be in the range of 5 to 30 parts by weight and the water is in the range of 30 to 100 parts by weight with respect to parts by weight. Further, the properties such as moisture absorption, water absorption and oil absorption and the physical properties such as apparent specific gravity of the ceramic carbide obtained by carbonization firing vary depending on the kind and weight ratio of the inorganic salts.

Then, when the organic solid impregnated with the inorganic salt aqueous solution is carbonized at 400 ° C. to 900 ° C., a ceramic carbide excellent in a deodorizing effect, a humidity control effect, or an oil absorbing effect can be obtained. . A second aspect of the present invention is characterized in that, in addition to the configuration of the first aspect, an organic solid is mainly granulated or pulverized from 1 mm to 5 mm.

Here, as a granulation method, after adjusting the water content of the organic solid, while extruding into a rod shape by using a net having a hole of about 1 to 5 mm by pressing, or after extruding. There are extrusion granulation in which the particle size is adjusted by cutting, and a method in which after extrusion granulation and before drying, the mixture is put in a round-bottomed kettle and rolled while being rotated.

Further, as a pulverizing method, a saw-type blade,
There is a method in which after cutting and pulverizing with a chisel blade, knife type blade or the like, classification is performed using a sieve or the like. In this method, the type of blade can be selected according to the material, particle size, and the like of the material. In addition, organic solid matter is 1mm to 5mm
When granulated or crushed, not only is it easy to impregnate the inorganic salt aqueous solution, but when it is made into a specific product, it can be reduced in size or thickness.

[0013] According to a third aspect of the present invention, the distance is 1 mm to 5 mm.
An inorganic solid aqueous solution is added to and impregnated with a mineral fine powder of 150 mesh or less added to an organic solid obtained by granulation or pulverization, and carbonized and calcined at 400 to 900 ° C. Here, mineral powder is calcium carbonate, calcium hydroxide, calcium sulfate, magnesium carbonate, montmorillonite, kaolinite, talc,
Acid clay, diatomaceous earth, sericite, zeolite or a combination thereof, or clay powder, clay powder, Otani stone powder, bentonite, etc., of these can be used. Here, it is necessary that the inorganic powder is an inorganic mineral powder, but it is preferable that the powder contains a sticky mineral powder itself such as a clay powder or a sticky mineral powder.

Further, when an organic solid and a mineral powder finer than the organic solid are mixed while adding an aqueous solution of an inorganic salt, the organic solid is impregnated with the aqueous solution of the inorganic salt, and the surface of the organic solid is impregnated. As a result, the mineral powder adheres, and it is as if the peripheral surface of the organic solid material was coated with the mineral powder. Of course, here, the mineral powder is completely coated on the peripheral surface of the organic solid material, and not only in a state where the peripheral surface of the organic solid material is not visible, but also in a state where the peripheral surface of the organic solid material is visible. Mineral powder may be attached to the peripheral surface of the object.

Here, the organic solid material is not limited in shape, but if it is too large, not only is it difficult to coat the peripheral surface with fine mineral powder, but also if the product is a specific product, It becomes large. Therefore, the organic solid material has a particle size of 1 mm to 5 mm. At the same time, the mineral powder is not limited as long as it can be coated on the peripheral surface of the organic solid material.
If the mesh size is 150 mesh or less, the coating can be easily performed.

The amounts of the organic solid matter and the mineral powder are sufficient as long as the peripheral surface of the ground wood can be coated with the mineral powder. By the way, the particle size of organic solid matter is 1mm
When the particle size of the mineral powder is 150 mesh or less, the dry weight of the inorganic salts is 5 to 30 parts by weight, and the water is 30 to 10 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the dry weight of the ground wood.
When the weight is in the range of 0 parts by weight, the dry weight of the mineral powder is 2 to
It is desirable to use 20 parts by weight. At this time, if it is necessary to further add water, it can be added in the range of 0 to 50 parts by weight.

For the mixing, any means capable of coating the peripheral surface of the pulverized wood with the mineral powder is sufficient. For example, in the case of continuous production, a mixer can be used. The ceramic carbide thus produced is excellent in deodorizing effect and humidity control effect.

Accordingly, the ceramic carbide according to the present invention can be used as a deodorant or a humectant as described in claim 4 or 5. Here, the term "humidifier" refers to a function capable of absorbing and releasing humidity or moisture. Specifically, when the ceramic carbide according to the present invention is used as a dehumidifier, it means that when the humidity is high, moisture is absorbed, and when the humidity is low, moisture is released. When buried in the soil, water is absorbed when it rains or when water is sprinkled, and water is gradually released into the soil when it is dried.

Further, the ceramic carbide according to the present invention is:
In addition to hygroscopic or water-absorbing oil properties, it has oil absorbing properties. Therefore, it can be used as a waste oil absorbent, for example, an oil absorbent at home, as in the invention of claim 6. As described above, the ceramic carbide according to the present invention can be used as a waste oil absorbent, so that when used as a plant activator after absorbing waste oil used at home as in the invention according to claim 7, it can be used in soil. The oil that gradually exudes into microorganisms becomes a feed for microorganisms, and as a result, is effective in activating or growing plants.

[0020] As described above, there are the following methods of changing the usage mode. First of all, it is used at home as a deodorant or humectant. Then, when the deodorizing effect or the humidity control effect decreases, it is used as a waste oil absorbent for adsorbing tempura oil or salad oil.

Further, thereafter, the ceramic char to which the waste oil is adsorbed is used as a plant activator. When used as such a deodorant, a humectant, a waste oil absorbent or a plant activator, it is desirable to use the ceramic carbide according to the present invention in a nonwoven fabric or a net.

When used as a plant activator, a part or a plurality of nitrogen, phosphoric acid, potash, lime and the like are put in the non-woven fabric or the net, so that the fertilizer can be used. An effect can also be added.

[0023]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS First, a description will be given of embodiments of a method of manufacturing a ceramic carbide according to the present invention and characteristics thereof. (Example 1) First, wood was crushed by a crusher to 1 mm to 5 mm.
Pulverize to about mm and prepare pulverized wood flour as an organic solid.

Next, 20 kg of dry pulverized wood flour is put into a ribbon mixer, and 10% aqueous 20% sodium silicate solution is added.
g is added gradually with mixing, and mixing is continued for 15 minutes so that the aqueous solution is sufficiently impregnated with the ground wood flour. Thereafter, the aqueous solution-impregnated and ground wood powder taken out of the ribbon mixer was continuously introduced into the rotary kiln little by little, and the mixture was heated at 700 ° C. for about 30 minutes.
Carbonize for minutes.

Thus, about 12 kg of the ceramic carbide (A) was obtained. This ceramic carbide (A) had an apparent specific gravity of 0.23. (Example 2) First, wood was crushed by a pulverizer to 1 mm to 5 mm.
Pulverize to about mm and prepare pulverized wood flour as an organic solid.

Next, 20 kg of dry pulverized wood powder is put into a ribbon mixer, and a 10% aqueous 20% sodium silicate solution is added.
g is added gradually with mixing, and mixing is continued for 15 minutes so that the aqueous solution is sufficiently impregnated with the ground wood flour. afterwards,
While rotating the ribbon mixer, add 1
1 kg of zeolite powder of 50 mesh or less is gradually introduced into the ribbon mixer, and mixing is continued for another 10 minutes after completion of the introduction of the zeolite powder.

By performing such mixing, the ground wood powder is softer than the mineral powder, so that the mineral powder adheres to the peripheral surface of the ground wood powder in such a manner as to sink in. That is,
The state is such that the peripheral surface of the ground wood powder is coated with mineral powder. Thereafter, the aqueous solution-impregnated pulverized wood powder taken out of the ribbon mixer is continuously put into a rotary kiln little by little and carbonized at 700 ° C. for about 30 minutes.

Thus, about 15 kg of ceramic carbide (B) was obtained. This ceramic carbide (B) had an apparent specific gravity of 0.25. By the way,
When only the ground wood flour was carbonized under the same conditions in a rotary kiln without adding sodium silicate or mineral powder, only 4.0 kg of carbide was obtained, that is, a yield of 20%. On the other hand, in the case of Example 1, the yield was 6
In the case of Example 2, the yield was 70%.
Further, under an environment of room temperature of 20 ° C. and humidity of 90%, ceramic carbide (A), ceramic carbide (B), activated carbon, and charcoal were each put into a nonwoven bag, and the amount of water absorbed when left to stand was measured over time. The results are shown in FIG. In this case, the activated carbon used for comparison was one formed into about 1 mm grains using a coconut shell, and the charcoal was obtained by crushing a commercially available charcoal from 1 to 5 m.
m is used.

From FIG. 1, it was found that activated carbon was the fastest in terms of the moisture absorption rate, and slowed down in the order of ceramic carbide (B), ceramic carbide (A), and charcoal. However, when the water is absorbed to the maximum, activated carbon is about 13
While 6% absorbed water and charcoal absorbed about 65%, the ceramic carbide (A) absorbed about 199% and the ceramic carbide (B) absorbed 208% quickly. When observing the state of water absorption until such saturation, after about 10 days from the start of the test, the water absorption of the activated carbon and the ceramic carbide becomes almost the same, and thereafter, the water absorption of the ceramic carbide may increase. all right.

Next, the ceramic carbide (A), the ceramic carbide (B), activated carbon, and charcoal that had been absorbed to a saturated state were each placed in a non-woven bag, and the results of measuring the amount of water released over time when left to stand are shown. Shown in FIG. From FIG. 2, it can be seen from FIG. 2 that the charcoal and charcoal became almost water-free after about 4 days, whereas the activated carbon rapidly decreased in water release after about 3 days, and about 4 days later. Then, it was found that there was almost no change in the amount of released water thereafter. Furthermore, considering that the amount of water absorption in the saturated state is higher for ceramic carbide than for charcoal and activated carbon, it is clear that the water release rate of ceramic carbide is extremely high, and water is released until almost no water is present. Was.

From these results, it was found that the ceramic carbide is superior to the activated carbon or the charcoal in terms of the humidity control ability for absorbing and releasing moisture or moisture. Next, Table 1 shows the oil absorption performance of the ceramic carbide (A), ceramic carbide (B), activated carbon, and charcoal according to the present invention together with the water absorption performance.

[0032]

[Table 1]

From Table 1, it was found that the ceramic carbide according to the present invention was superior to activated carbon or charcoal in both oil absorption performance as well as water absorption performance. In addition, particularly with respect to salad oil widely used at home, it was found that the ceramic carbide (A) according to the present invention had an oil absorption of about 2.4 times that of activated carbon and the ceramic carbide (B) had an oil absorption of about 2.5 times that of activated carbon.

Based on these results, the ceramic carbides (A) and (B) according to the present invention have the following properties and applications. High moisture absorption. Therefore, it can be used as a dehumidifier.
In particular, by placing it in a can or the like containing seaweed, tea, confectionery, or the like, although humidity is removed, the situation does not become too dry, and an appropriate humidity control effect can be obtained.

High moisture release. Therefore, it can be used as a humectant in combination with high moisture absorption. High water absorption and high drainage. Therefore, by burying it in the soil, it can be used as a moisture retaining agent in the soil. High oil absorption. Therefore, it can be used as a waste oil treating agent. In addition, since salad oil has a particularly high adsorptivity among oils, it is suitable as a treatment agent for oil used at home.

High oil absorption, high water absorption, high drainage, etc. combine to be used as a waste oil treatment agent. After adsorbing oil, burying it in soil, it is used as a plant activator. be able to. When used in such applications, the oil once absorbed is gradually discharged into the soil and decomposed by microorganisms, so that the plant is activated.

Next, the gas adsorbing properties of the ceramic carbides (A) and (B) according to the present invention were compared with those of the above-mentioned charcoal and activated carbon. The experiments here consisted of ceramic carbide (A), ceramic carbide (B), activated carbon,
The charcoal was placed in each of the adsorption test containers, and the gas adsorption was measured. The activated carbon used here was a coconut shell formed to have a grain size of about 1 mm, and the charcoal used was a commercially available charcoal crushed to a size of 1 to 5 mm.

Experiments were performed on the target gases such as ammonia, ethyl mercaptan, formaldehyde, acetic acid, and ethylene. Further, as an experimental method, 20 ° C.
At room temperature, 5 g of a sample is placed in a 10.0 liter adsorption test container (having a stirring fan at the bottom and gas injection and suction ports at the top) and sealed.

Thereafter, a fixed amount of the high-concentration standard gas prepared separately is taken with a syringe and injected into the inside of the adsorption test container from the gas injection port. Thereafter, air was sampled from the adsorption test vessel over time, and the gas concentration was measured using a gas detection tube manufactured by Gastech. The results are shown in FIGS.

FIG. 3 shows the results obtained by measuring the adsorptivity of ammonia. Activated carbon, ceramic carbide (B), ceramic carbide (A), and charcoal are arranged in order from those having good gas adsorption properties. FIG. 4 shows the results obtained by measuring the adsorptivity of ethyl mercaptan. In order of gas adsorbability, the order is ceramic carbide (B), ceramic carbide (A), activated carbon, and charcoal.

FIG. 5 shows the results obtained by measuring formaldehyde adsorption. If you order from the one with good gas adsorption,
The order is activated carbon, ceramic carbide (B), ceramic carbide (A), and charcoal. FIG. 6 shows the measured acetic acid adsorption. In order of gas adsorbability, the order is ceramic carbide (B), ceramic carbide (A), activated carbon, and charcoal.

FIG. 7 shows the results of measurement of ethylene adsorption. In order of gas adsorbability, the order is ceramic carbide (B), ceramic carbide (A), activated carbon, and charcoal. Therefore, it was found that all of the ceramic carbides according to the present invention have excellent gas adsorbing properties. In particular, it is effective not only for the adsorption of amines, mercaptans, lower fatty acids, aldehydes, etc., which are considered to be offensive odors, but also has excellent adsorption performance for ethylene, which causes deterioration of vegetables and fruits. Therefore,
Not only can it be used as a deodorant for refrigerators and the like, it can also be used as a freshness-retaining agent for vegetables and the like, so when put in a refrigerator or the like, a synergistic effect between the deodorant effect and the maintenance of freshness of vegetables can be expected. . Furthermore, when used as a deodorant for shoes, it is also possible to prevent mold from the viewpoint of dehumidification.

When the ceramic carbide according to the present invention is used as such a deodorizing agent and a humidity control agent, it is preferable to use the ceramic carbide according to the present invention in a nonwoven fabric or a net. Further, for general household use, first, ceramic carbide contained in a nonwoven fabric is used as a deodorant or a humidity control agent. In addition, at the time of such use, from the point of usability,
It is desirable to use the entire nonwoven fabric in a suitable container.

Then, when the deodorizing effect or the humidity control effect decreases, the ceramic carbide can be taken out of the nonwoven fabric and put into tempura oil or salad oil to be used as a waste oil absorbent. Further, thereafter, the ceramic carbide to which the waste oil is adsorbed can be used as a plant activator by burying it in the soil or spraying it on the surface of the soil.

In other words, unlike conventional deodorants, humectants, waste oil absorbents or plant activators, each of which is individually and independently used, by continuously using a single product,
It has become possible to use it for different purposes. In addition, in addition to ceramic carbide, ceramic, fertilizer, or the like can be mixed and stored inside the nonwoven fabric. Also here, even if fertilizer is mixed and stored,
Due to the deodorizing properties of the ceramic carbides, the odor of the fertilizer does not matter.

Concretely, 80 parts by dry weight of ceramic carbide, 5 parts by dry weight of ceramic perlite, 3 parts by dry weight of calcium sulfate, 2 parts by dry weight of calcium carbonate, 4.9 parts by dry weight of urea, 4.9 parts by dry weight of potassium phosphate, 4.9 parts by dry weight Element 0.2 dry parts by weight, ceramic carbide 80 dry parts ceramic silica gel 5 dry parts calcium sulfate 3 dry parts calcium carbonate 2 dry parts fertilizer nitrogen 4.9 dry parts potassium phosphate 4.9 dry parts Part trace element 0.2 dry weight part etc.

In this case, 3% C
5 parts of water of MC liquid is added, mixed uniformly, and stored in a nonwoven fabric or the like for use. As described above, the ceramic carbide according to the present invention can be used not only alone but also with other components. In the above description, the ceramic carbide is stored in the non-woven fabric. However, as long as it has air permeability, it can be stored in a can, bottle, or other container.

Further, in the above-described embodiment, when the organic solid in a dry state is 100 parts by weight, 50 parts by weight of a 20% aqueous inorganic salt solution and 5 parts by weight of a mineral powder in a dry state are used.
It has been described that mixing is performed by charging the mixer. However, as for the mixing range, when the dry weight of the inorganic salts is in the range of 5 to 30 parts by weight and the water is in the range of 30 to 100 parts by weight with respect to the dry weight of the organic solid material of 100 parts by weight, Is desirably 2 to 20 parts by weight. At this time, if it is necessary to further add water,
It can be added in the range of 0 parts by weight.

[0049]

As described above, of the present invention, the invention according to claim 1 is characterized in that the organic solid material is added with an inorganic salt aqueous solution and impregnated, and carbonized and calcined, thereby reducing the moisture absorption rate or dehydration rate. It is an improvement. According to the second aspect of the present invention, the object of the first aspect of the present invention is further ensured by granulating or pulverizing an organic solid to obtain a preferable particle size.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, there is provided an organic solid substance comprising:
An inorganic salt aqueous solution is added to impregnated mineral fine powder of 150 mesh or less, impregnated, and carbonized and calcined to further improve the moisture absorption rate or dehydration rate. The invention of claim 4 uses the invention of claims 1 to 3 as a deodorant, and the invention of claim 5 uses it as a humidity control.

Further, the invention according to claim 6 is used as a waste oil absorbent, paying attention to its excellent oil absorbing effect. Further, the invention according to claim 7 is intended to utilize ceramic carbide after absorbing waste oil as a plant activator, paying attention to the point that waste oil is gradually discharged from ceramic carbide having absorbed waste oil. It is.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 shows the amount of water absorbed when ceramic carbide (A), ceramic carbide (B), activated carbon, and charcoal are each placed in a nonwoven bag and left standing in an environment of room temperature of 20 ° C. and humidity of 90%. It is the graph which showed the measurement result.

[FIG. 2] Under an environment of room temperature of 20 ° C. and humidity of 30%, a ceramic carbide (A), a ceramic carbide (B), activated carbon, and charcoal which have absorbed water to a saturated state are each put into a non-woven bag, and water is released when left unattended. It is a graph which shows the result measured over time about the amount.

FIG. 3 shows the results obtained by placing a ceramic carbide (A), a ceramic carbide (B), activated carbon, and charcoal in an adsorption test container and measuring ammonia adsorption.

FIG. 4 shows the results obtained by placing a ceramic carbide (A), a ceramic carbide (B), activated carbon, and charcoal in an adsorption test container, and measuring the adsorptivity of ethyl mercaptan.

FIG. 5 shows the results obtained by placing a ceramic carbide (A), a ceramic carbide (B), activated carbon, and charcoal in an adsorption test container and measuring formaldehyde adsorption.

FIG. 6 shows the results obtained by placing a ceramic carbide (A), a ceramic carbide (B), activated carbon, and charcoal into an adsorption test container and measuring the acetic acid adsorption.

FIG. 7 shows the results obtained by placing a ceramic carbide (A), a ceramic carbide (B), activated carbon, and charcoal in an adsorption test container and measuring ethylene adsorption.

Claims (7)

[Claims] 1. A ceramic carbide formed by adding an inorganic salt aqueous solution to an organic solid and impregnating the same at 400 ° C. to 900 ° C. and carbonizing and firing. 2. The ceramic carbide according to claim 1, wherein an organic solid is mainly granulated or pulverized to a size of 1 mm to 5 mm. 3. An inorganic solid aqueous solution is added to an organic solid obtained by granulating or pulverizing from 1 mm to 5 mm to which mineral fine powder of 150 mesh or less has been added, and impregnated at 400 ° C.
A ceramic carbide formed by carbonizing and firing at ~ 900 ° C. 4. The ceramic carbide according to claim 1, wherein the ceramic carbide is used as a deodorant. 5. The ceramic carbide according to claim 1, wherein the ceramic carbide is used as a humidity control agent. 6. The ceramic carbide according to claim 1, wherein the ceramic carbide is used as a waste oil absorbent. 7. The ceramic carbide according to claim 6, which is used as a plant activator after being used as a waste oil absorbent.