JPH1035083A - Decorative body of stipple pattern utilizing moire phenomenon - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To form a projected converging device performing a role of a lens by an easy and low cost printing technique as a means for obtaining an enlarged stipple pattern wherein a Moire phenomenon is utilized, presenting a three dimensional and fluctuating effects. SOLUTION: Colored or non-colored independent many projected converting devices having transparency are in a regularly arranged state at a specific fine pitch printed on a surface of a colored or no-colored pixels C of the same shape and the same arranged state as those of the projected converging device on the surface or the different shape and the same arranged state by shifting an intersected angle to the projected converging element A on the surface on a rear face of the transparent substrate B, the colored pixel C appears as an expanded image having a three dimensional effect when viewed from the surface, and the expanded image presents a fluctuating effect when viewed at a moved viewpoint.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a moire phenomenon (a phenomenon in which a dot appears to fluctuate due to an increase or decrease in amplitude when a regular pattern such as a dot is overlapped and the crossing angle is shifted). It is related to a decorative body that displays a three-dimensional point drawing pattern using various display boards, printed matter,
It can be used for labels, toys, etc.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As is well known, when two net positive films are stacked, a moire phenomenon in which an annual ring-shaped pattern is visible occurs.
In addition, when a regular halftone dot pattern is superimposed, a moire phenomenon in which a halftone dot changes in size due to the displacement and a blurred polka dot pattern is observed occurs.These moire phenomena also occur in multicolor printed matter. There are some products such as decorative display boards utilizing the moiré phenomenon.

[0003] Further, as a display of a three-dimensional polka dot pattern, a decorative display board utilizing a moiré phenomenon in which a transparent plastic film having an embossed uneven surface is superposed on the upper surface of a net-like pattern print. And other products are also known.

[0004]

The moiré phenomenon that occurs in the multicolor printed matter does not appear as an enlarged image having a three-dimensional effect when viewed from the surface.

[0005] The moire phenomenon which occurs in the above-mentioned embodiment using a transparent plastic film subjected to embossing with a concavo-convex shape, although it appears an enlarged image having a three-dimensional effect when viewed from the surface, is different. In order to form an embossment with irregularities, it is necessary to perform embossing using different molds, and it is necessary to bond the embossed transparent plastic film to the surface of the net pattern printing. Was something.

Accordingly, it is necessary to change the shape and size of the embossing process on the plastic film in order to make a three-dimensional and enlarged dot drawing pattern of a different size appear, which requires changing the mold itself. And it is expensive, and it has been difficult to produce many types of point-drawing patterns having an enlarged three-dimensional effect.

[0007]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a convex lens made of a transparent printing ink instead of embossing of a concavo-convex shape on a transparent substrate (transparent plastic film) surface. The colored pixel (net-like pattern printing) that appears through the convex light-collecting element is also printed directly on the back surface of the transparent substrate itself. When the colored pixels are viewed from the surface, the image becomes a magnified image and has a three-dimensional effect, and the viewpoint is moved when the viewpoint is moved. The enlarged image causes a point-drawing pattern with a fluctuating feeling to appear.

That is, one aspect of the present invention is to provide a colored or uncolored transparent substrate B with a large number of independent colored or uncolored convex concentrators A at a constant fine pitch on the surface of a colored or uncolored transparent substrate B. A large number of colored pixels C having the same shape as the convex condensing element A on the front surface or the same arrangement state or a different shape on the rear surface of the transparent substrate B are printed on the rear surface of the transparent substrate B. By shifting the crossing angle with respect to the shape condensing element A,
The colored pixel C is a decorative body having a dot-drawing pattern utilizing a moiré phenomenon, in which when the viewpoint is moved as a magnified image having a three-dimensional effect when viewed from the surface, the magnified image moves. .

Another aspect of the present invention is to provide a colored or uncolored transparent substrate B with a large number of colored condensed light concentrators A having independent transparency on a surface of a colored or uncolored transparent substrate B. It is printed in a regular arrangement state at a pitch, and on the back surface of the transparent substrate B, the colored or uncolored transparency of the same arrangement state or the same arrangement state of the convex condensing element A of the front surface or the same shape as the convex condensing element A of the front surface is also provided. By printing a large number of convex light condensing elements A ′ having a different crossing angle with respect to the convex light condensing element A on the surface, the convex light condensing element A and the convex light A point-drawing decorative body utilizing the moiré phenomenon, characterized in that when the viewpoint is moved as a magnified image having a three-dimensional effect in a form in which the light condensing element A 'is synthesized, the magnified image exhibits a fluctuating feeling. It is.

Still another aspect of the present invention is that a large number of colored or uncolored independent convex condensing elements A having a certain fineness are formed on the surface of a colored or uncolored transparent substrate B. At the same time, it is printed on the rear surface of a separate transparent substrate B 'at the same pitch and the same shape and the same shape as the convex condensing element A on the front surface. The colored pixels C are printed in a regular array, and the colored pixels C on the rear surface of the transparent substrate B 'are compared with the convex condensing elements A on the surface of the transparent substrate B.
Are shifted so that the back surface of the transparent substrate B and the transparent substrate B '
A moiré phenomenon in which the colored pixel C appears as a magnified image having a three-dimensional effect as viewed from the front surface, and the magnified image exhibits a fluctuating feeling when the viewpoint is moved. It is a decorative body of a dot drawing pattern using.

Still another aspect of the present invention is that a large number of colored pixels C are printed on the surface of a transparent or opaque substrate D in a regular arrangement at a constant fine pitch, and a colored or colored pixel C is printed on the top. An uncolored transparent ink E is printed on the entire surface, and a number of convex condensing elements A having the same shape and the same arrangement state or different shapes and the same arrangement state as the colored pixels C are formed on the upper surface of the colored pixels C.
Moiré is characterized in that, by printing with a shifted crossing angle, the colored pixel C appears as an enlarged image having a three-dimensional effect when viewed from the surface, and when the viewpoint is moved, the enlarged image exhibits a fluctuating feeling. It is a decorative body with a dot drawing pattern utilizing the phenomenon.

[0012]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A basic embodiment of the present invention is directed to a colored or uncolored transparent substrate B as shown in FIG.
A large number of colored or uncolored convex concentrators (hereinafter abbreviated as “concentrators”) A having a role of convex lenses are regularly arranged on the surface of the substrate (hereinafter abbreviated as “substrate”) at a constant pitch. The substrate B is printed in an array, and a number of colored pixels (hereinafter abbreviated as “pixels”) C arranged in the same state as the concentrator A on the front surface are formed on the back surface of the substrate B at an intersection angle with respect to the concentrator A on the front surface. By printing with a slight shift, the pixel C appears as a magnified image having a three-dimensional effect when viewed from the surface, and when the viewpoint is moved, a decorative body having a dot drawing pattern in which the magnified image exhibits a fluctuating feeling is obtained.

The point-drawing pattern appearing according to the present invention is:
In the case where the pixel C is a circular dot of one color, the size and the shading change due to the shift of the intersection angle between the pixel C in the fixed array and the concentrator A in the fixed array, and the pixel is enlarged with a regular three-dimensional effect. The enlarged polka dot pattern appears on the upper surface of the substrate B, and when the viewpoint is moved, the enlarged polka dot pattern moves and becomes a pattern with a sense of fluctuation (see FIG. 5).

Further, when two or more kinds of pixels C of a fixed array are used on the back surface of the substrate B and the pixels C are overlapped with the crossing angles of the light collecting elements A of a fixed array, the color of the pixels C is changed. Are symmetrically embedded around the intersection, and various embedded point drawings such as regularly arranged stripes are formed. Furthermore, when these point patterns change the field of view, a sense of fluctuation is generated.

Further, as another embodiment of the present invention, similarly to FIG. 1, a large number of colored or uncolored condensing light having a transparency functioning as a convex lens is formed on the surface of a colored or uncolored substrate B. The elements A are printed in a regular arrangement at a constant pitch, and the rear surface of the substrate B is replaced with the pixels C of FIG. A large number of colored or uncolored light-collecting elements A '(not shown) having a role of an array of convex lenses
Is printed with the crossing angle slightly shifted with respect to the concentrator A on the surface, so that the convex concentrator A and the convex concentrator A ′ are synthesized from both the front and back surfaces. An enlarged image having a three-dimensional effect appears, and when the viewpoint is moved, a decorative body having a dot-drawing pattern in which the enlarged image exhibits a fluctuating feeling is obtained.

It is considered that the fluctuation phenomenon of the enlarged point drawing pattern is caused by an illusion due to an afterimage effect seen through the light condensing element A or A 'having a lens effect. or,
The three-dimensional effect of the dot drawing pattern is such that an image having a different focus is formed between the pixel C and the viewpoint (eye) due to the lens effect of the condensing element A printed in a regular array on the substrate B at a constant pitch. It is considered that the outline is enlarged and becomes a blurry special pattern.

The material of the substrate B in the present invention is not limited as long as it transmits visible light, and is not limited to inorganic or organic materials as long as it is colored, and any material such as a glass plate, a resin plate, and a film can be used. A polyester film, an acrylic film, a polycarbonate plate, or the like is convenient in terms of availability and easy acquisition and processing, but is not particularly limited.

What is important in the substrate B of the present invention is the thickness. The thickness of the substrate B cannot be specified because it greatly affects the form of the stippled image depending on the diameter of the pixel C, the diameter and the height of the light-collecting element A, and the like. desirable.

The thicker the substrate B, the more the fluctuation becomes remarkable. However, if it is too thick, the image becomes blurred or the color becomes light, and the handling becomes inconvenient. Difficult, flat print feeling and less fluctuation.

Therefore, the thickness of the substrate B should be between 10 μm and
10 mm can be applied, preferably 50 μm to 5 μm.
mm is practical.

As the pixel C in the present invention, a circle, a square, a star, a triangle, an ellipse, a linear shape, or any other shape as shown in FIG. 2 can be used. 1 μm to 1 mm, preferably 1 μm to 100 μm
The thickness of the substrate B is 点 or less, preferably １ ／ or less. If the pixel C is too large, the dot drawing image is disturbed.

Although the height of the pixel C is not particularly limited,
From the relation of printability, about 1/10 to 1/2 of the diameter of the pixel C is a height that can be normally used.

A large number of light condensing elements A and pixels C are regularly arranged at a constant pitch on the plane of the substrate B. When the intersection angle (θ) between the light condensing element A and the pixels C becomes 45 ° or more, Since the same pattern is repeated, it is limited to the range of 0 <θ <45 °.

When two or more types of pixels C are printed, adjacent pixels C may be in contact with each other or may be separated from each other.
The point drawing image is easily disturbed, so it should be within that range.

When the two or more kinds of pixels C are combined, the same orientation or different orientations may be used. However, if the orientations are different, depending on the intersection angle with the light condensing element A, the pixels C may have different orientations. The shape of the shape is lost and the pattern becomes complicated.

In the present invention, when two or more types of pixels C are used in combination, a method of overprinting on the back surface of the same substrate B may be used, but as shown in FIG. May be superimposed on the back surface of the substrate B.

The shape and arrangement of the light condensing element A are arbitrary, like pixels, and are determined by a desired dot drawing pattern. However, it is generally easy to print the same shape and arrangement as the pixels C, Even in this case, the size and outline state of the pixel C which appears as a dot drawing pattern changes depending on the amount by which the intersection angle between the pixel C and the light-collecting element A is shifted.

Therefore, in the present invention, when printing a plurality of pixels C on the back surface of the substrate B, the shape of the pixels C
For example, pixels C of the same shape and the same array are printed at the same pitch and slightly shifted from each other on the various character and design portions and other ground portions, and a plurality of the back surfaces are printed on the front surface of the substrate B. By printing a light-collecting element A having the same shape and the same arrangement as that of any of the pixels C and slightly crossing any of the plurality of pixels C, the character or pattern portion and the other As shown in FIG. 5, an enlarged dot drawing pattern having a different size from the ground portion is obtained, and each dot drawing pattern exhibits a different state in terms of three-dimensional effect and fluctuation. can get.

In the above case, the outline F of the character or the pattern (the star in the center in FIG. 5) may be bordered by solid printing to make the character or the pattern stand out. If the range is provided only on the upper surface of the character or pattern portion, a dot drawing pattern exhibiting a three-dimensional effect and a fluctuation feeling enlarged only in the character or pattern portion can be obtained.

The material of the light-collecting element A may be transparent or transparent as in the case of the substrate B, and may be colorless or colored. The condition is that the ink has good printing characteristics. Therefore, in the present invention, there is no particular limitation as long as the ink has good adhesiveness, transparency and thick buildability.

The light condensing elements A may be arranged in a manner not to overlap two or more kinds of shapes. In this case, however, the combination with the pixels C results in complicated and various dot drawing patterns.

Further, when a colored transparent ink is used as the light condensing element A or when a colored transparent substrate is used as the substrate B, a dot drawing pattern of a color synthesized with the color of the pixel C is obtained.

As a means for forming the light condensing element A and the pixels C on the substrate B, well-known screen printing and transfer printing can be applied.

The point drawing pattern appearing by the present invention will be elucidated by optical theory in the future, and the refractive index of the light-collecting element and the substrate, the shape and height of the light-collecting element, the thickness of the substrate, the shape of the pixel,
It can be calculated by the arrangement of pixels and condensing elements and the angle of intersection, but at this stage it is too complicated and must rely on empirical rules.

However, the following method is convenient as a method of determining a point drawing pattern. First of all, prepare the two thin substrates with the element and the pixel printed separately, stack them so that the back side of the substrate side where the element is printed on the pixel side is in contact, and shift one of them to align Since the pattern changes variously when the axes are crossed, the crossing angle at which the desired point drawing pattern is obtained is determined.As a product, the pixels and the light condensing elements are directly printed on both the front and back surfaces of the same substrate by shifting the same as the crossing angle. By doing so, the same point drawing pattern as above is reproduced.

In this case, when using two kinds of pixels, first, two kinds of pixels are separately printed on two thin substrates, and they are appropriately shifted and overlapped. The desired back-and-forth pattern is determined by overlapping the back surfaces of the substrates on which photons are printed and shifting each substrate to change the intersection angle between the pixel and the light-collecting element. As a product, two types of pixels are provided on the back surface of the same substrate. Are shifted, and the condensing element is printed on the surface of the substrate to reproduce the same dot pattern as described above.

Further, the combination of the light condensing element A, the substrate B, and the pixel C can be any combination.
For example, as shown in FIG. 4, a pixel C is printed on the surface of the substrate D, the transparent ink E is printed on the entire surface, and the condensing element A is printed on the upper surface. Is obtained.

In the present invention, since the condensing element A having a lens effect can be provided by printing, the diameter, height, Since the color, shape, arrangement state, and the like can be arbitrarily and easily changed, the degree of freedom of design as a decorative body increases.

It should be noted that a moving dot drawing pattern can be obtained by adopting a mechanism for rotating one or both of the pixel-side substrate and the light-collecting element-side substrate by using the above-described principle. You can also.

The results of experiments on the three-dimensional effect of the dot drawing pattern, the sharpness of the image, the sensation of fluctuation, the size of the pattern, and the like under various combinations of the components in the basic form of the present invention will be described below.

Table 1 shows that a light condensing element A, 410 made by Jujo Kasei Co., Ltd., was formed on the surface of a polycarbonate substrate B having a thickness of 1 mm.
Using transparent ink of the 0 series, the dots are arc-shaped with a diameter of 250 μm for 30 lines, a diameter of 120 μm for 60 lines, a diameter of 60 μm for 120 lines, and a height of 30 μm each. Pixels have the same diameter and height, respectively. FIG. 6 is a graph showing the size of the dot drawing pattern due to the uniaxial intersection of the light-collecting element A and the pixel C when a 3 μm circular dot is printed.

[0042]

[Table 1]

From this graph, it can be seen that when the intersection angle between the light-collecting element A and the pixel C is the same, the size of the pattern is inversely proportional to the number of lines (the number of dots). It can be seen that the size of the pattern is inversely proportional to the intersection angle when the light-collecting elements or the ratio of the pixels are the same.

Table 2 shows the appearance of the dot drawing pattern depending on the thickness of the polycarbonate substrate B. A circular dot formed by condensing element A and pixel C under the condition of 60 lines and 30% is separated by about 30 cm. 5 shows a state viewed from the vertical direction.

[0045]

[Table 2]

From this table, the three-dimensional effect of the dot drawing pattern as an enlarged image can be obtained even if the substrate B is thicker than 3 mm.
Further, even if it is thinner than 0.188 mm, it becomes worse, and the feeling of fluctuation is larger for thinner ones than for thinner ones, but it becomes difficult to confirm the image as the viewpoint shifts.

In the above experiment, it was confirmed that the closer the form of the light-collecting element A to a hemispherical shape, the greater the three-dimensional effect and the fluctuation effect. Therefore, the height of the light-collecting element A and the thickness of the substrate B affect the three-dimensional effect and the fluctuation effect of the dot drawing pattern.

Table 3 shows the sharpness of the dot drawing pattern according to the relationship between the number of lines of the light condensing element A and the number of pixels C and the percentage on the polycarbonate substrate B having a thickness of 1 mm.

[0049]

[Table 3]

From this table, when the number of lines is 60, it is 20 to 50%, when the number of lines is 90, it is 30 to 50%, and when the number of lines is 120, it is 40 to 50%.
%, The number of lines is 133 and 50%, that is,
It can be seen that those indicated by と and ○ are excellent in stereoscopic effect and image clarity.

However, the evaluation of good or bad in Tables 2 and 3 is based on the personal feelings of a plurality of researchers. Even in the case of the image indicated by 表 in the table, the outline of the image is slightly blurred. It has utility value depending on the purpose of use.

The above results show that, as the light-collecting element A, circular dots of 30 dots in diameter, 250 μm in diameter, 60 lines in diameter, 120 μm, 120 lines in diameter, 60 μm in height and 30 μm in height were printed in a circular arc using transparent ink. An experiment was conducted on a case where a circular dot having the same diameter as described above and a height of 3 μm was printed as the pixel C. The pixel was formed as a square shown in FIG. The same tendency was shown for the star shape shown in ()).

[0053]

According to the present invention, according to the shape and arrangement of the colored pixels printed on the rear surface of the transparent substrate, various convex condensing elements serving as lenses are printed on the surface of the transparent substrate. Therefore, the decorative body of the dot drawing pattern utilizing the moiré phenomenon that gives an arbitrary three-dimensional effect and a fluctuation effect can be easily and inexpensively formed.

Therefore, the decorative body according to the present invention can be viewed with interest, and can be used for various display boards, printed matter, labels, toys, etc., and has a wide range of uses, and the industrial applicability of the present invention is very large. It can be said.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an enlarged vertical sectional side view of an example of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a plan view illustrating an example of a pixel according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is an enlarged vertical sectional side view of another example of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is an enlarged vertical sectional side view of still another example of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a plan view of another example of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a graph of Table 1 showing the size of a dot drawing pattern due to the uniaxial intersection of the light collector A and the pixel C of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 A convex concentrator B transparent substrate C colored pixel D substrate E transparent ink

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A colored or uncolored transparent substrate B having a surface
A large number of independent colored or non-colored convex concentrators A having transparency are printed in a regular arrangement at a constant fine pitch, and on the back surface of the transparent substrate B, the convex concentrators on the front surface are printed. By printing a large number of colored pixels C having the same shape and the same arrangement state or different shapes and the same arrangement state as A, the crossed angle is shifted with respect to the convex condensing element A on the surface, so that the colored pixels C A decorative body having a dot-drawing pattern using a moiré phenomenon, characterized in that when a viewpoint is moved as an enlarged image having a three-dimensional effect as viewed from above, the enlarged image presents a fluctuation. 2. A colored or uncolored transparent substrate B having a surface
A number of colored or uncolored convex concentrators A having independent transparency are printed in a regular arrangement at a constant fine pitch, and also on the rear surface of the transparent substrate B, the convex concentrators on the front surface are printed. Numerous convex condensing elements A 'having the same shape and the same arrangement state or different shapes and the same arrangement state as the element A and having colored or uncolored transparency.
Is printed with the crossing angle shifted with respect to the convex condensing element A on the surface, so that the convex condensing element A and the convex condensing element A ′ are combined from both front and back surfaces. A decorative body having a dot-drawing pattern utilizing a moiré phenomenon, characterized in that, when a viewpoint is moved as an enlarged image having a three-dimensional effect, the enlarged image exhibits a fluctuation feeling. 3. The surface of a colored or uncolored transparent substrate B,
A large number of independent colored or uncolored convex concentrators A having transparency are printed in a regular array at a constant fine pitch, while the back surface of a separate transparent substrate B ' A large number of colored pixels C having the same shape and the same arrangement state or different arrangement and the same arrangement state as the convex concentrator A are printed in a regular arrangement state, and the transparent concentrator A on the surface of the transparent substrate B By shifting the intersection angle of the colored pixels C on the back surface of the transparent substrate B
Is superimposed on the front surface or the back surface of the transparent substrate B ', and when the colored pixel C appears as an enlarged image having a three-dimensional effect as viewed from the front surface, and moves the viewpoint, the enlarged image exhibits a sense of fluctuation. A decorative body having a dot drawing pattern utilizing the moiré phenomenon. 4. The decorative body having a dot-drawing pattern utilizing the moire phenomenon according to claim 1, wherein the convex light condensing element A is hemispherical or arc-shaped. 5. A large number of colored pixels C are printed on a transparent or opaque substrate D in a regular array at a constant fine pitch, and a colored or uncolored transparent ink E is printed on the entire surface. By printing a large number of convex condensing elements A having the same shape and the same arrangement state or different shapes and the same arrangement state as the colored pixels C on the upper surface thereof with the crossing angle shifted with respect to the colored pixels C, A decorative body having a dot-drawing pattern utilizing a moiré phenomenon, characterized in that when a colored pixel C appears as a magnified image having a three-dimensional effect when viewed from the surface and the viewpoint is moved, the magnified image exhibits a fluctuation.