JPH1034829A - Decorative plate - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a decorative plate having excellent peeling resistance and impact resistance of a decorative material. SOLUTION: In the decorative plate obtained by laminating a decorative material 3 on a surface of a woody material, an adhesive force by an ordinary state peeling testing method of the decorative material is 20kgf/25mm or more, and a wear depth of its surface is 0.25mm or less. Hardness by a timber hardness testing method of a front surface side of the woody material is preferably 1.5kgf/mm<2> . To satisfy these conditions, hard layers 2 by a consolidation are formed on front and rear surfaces of the woody material.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a decorative plate in which a surface of a substrate is optionally decorated.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Wall plates, floor plates, ceiling plates, stair steps, stair side plates, shelves, counters, door surface materials, frame materials, opening members, skirting boards, surrounding edges, frame materials, construction materials, etc. As a decorative board, wood material, especially solid wood, or laminated board, plywood, fiber board, particle board, etc., is subjected to arbitrary painting or pattern printing, or decorative paper through an adhesive. A decorative layer such as a veneer, a veneer, a decorative synthetic resin sheet or the like is stuck to form a decorative layer.

[0003]

However, the wood material used as the substrate of the decorative board generally has an insufficient surface strength and a low adhesion strength of the decorative layer, so that the decorative layer is easily peeled off. . In addition, since the impact resistance of the substrate was low, scratches such as dents and surface cracks due to the impact were likely to occur.

[0004] These problems can be alleviated to some extent by strengthening the surface of the substrate with a sealer, but the process becomes complicated and the cost increases.

[0005]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made for the purpose of solving the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, and is directed to a decorative board having a decorative material adhered to the surface of a wooden material. It is characterized in that the decorative material has an adhesive force by a normal peeling test method of 2.0 kgf / 25 mm or more and a wear depth of its surface of 0.25 mm or less.

[0006] In this decorative plate, it is preferable hardness by the hardness test method of the surface side of the timber of the wooden material is 1.5 kgf / mm ² or more.

[0007]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION As a wooden material serving as a substrate of a decorative board of the present invention, a processed material such as a sawn timber, a laminated wood, a plywood, a fiber board, a particle board, a laminated veneer, etc. is used. At the edge of the edge, fitting means such as a real nut is provided as necessary, depending on actual processing.

[0008] These wood materials may be either coniferous or hardwood, and can be used irrespective of the specific gravity of low specific gravity or high specific gravity. Is preferably subjected to a surface hardening process.

This surface hardening can be performed, for example, as follows.

That is, first, the wood material used for the substrate is adjusted to a water content below the fiber saturation point. Here, the water content below the fiber saturation point preferably means a water content of 35% or less.

When sawn timber is used as a wood material,
The lumber is dried before sawing and then turned into a sawn timber, or the sawn timber is dried without drying and then dried to adjust the water content as described above.

When a processed material is used as a wooden material, the water content is adjusted in the manufacturing process as described above.

[0013] The front and back surfaces of the wood material whose water content has been adjusted to the fiber saturation point or lower are preheated as necessary to increase the front and back material temperature.

This preheating is performed by an arbitrary method such as putting the wood material into a dryer or sandwiching the wood material between hot plates. Preferably, the preheating is performed so that the temperature of the front and back surfaces of the wood material becomes 80 ° C. or more. It is to be heated.

[0015] Further, the water content of the surface of the wooden material is increased by applying a water to at least the surface of the wooden material without or before or after the preliminary heating by using a roll coater device, a spray device, or the like. Can be.
This promotes heat transfer to the wood material at the time of hot pressing and promotes softening of wood components such as cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin, thereby giving plasticity to the wood material and contributing to improvement in moldability. .

Next, the wood material is inserted between hot plates of a hot press apparatus provided with a thickness regulating jig generally called a distance bar for regulating the distance between the upper and lower hot plates.

When the wooden material is preheated, the hot press device is used while the material temperature on the front and back surfaces is high, and when water is applied to the surface as needed, the water does not evaporate. It is preferable to insert a wood material between the hot plates.

It is preferable to use a jig having a thickness of 60 to 95%, more preferably 65 to 92% of the thickness of the wooden material, as the thickness regulating jig between the hot plates. In other words, the compression ratio of the wood material is 5 to 40%, more preferably 8 to 40%.
It is preferable to attach a thickness regulating jig so that the thickness becomes 35%.

If the compression ratio of the wooden material is less than 5%, the compaction on both front and back surfaces becomes insufficient, and the strength required as a hard layer to be formed on the surface of the wooden material cannot be obtained.

Conversely, if the compression ratio of the wood material exceeds 40%, the compaction of the front and back surfaces is sufficiently performed to obtain the required strength as a hard layer, but the specific gravity of the whole becomes high and the weight increases. Also, giving such an excessive compression ratio is not preferable because the loss of raw materials increases and the yield decreases and the cost increases.

The compression ratio can be arbitrarily selected within the above range according to the type of wood used, the specific gravity of the wood itself, the surface hardness to be obtained, and the like. Set the control jig.

In the case where the preheating of the wooden material is performed by the hot plate of the hot press device, the wooden material is inserted between the hot plates of the hot press device so that no pressure is applied to the hot plate or the wooden material is not deformed. The wooden plate is brought into contact with the wooden plate with a slight pressure applied to the platen, preheating is performed while maintaining this contact state, and then the pressure necessary for giving a predetermined compression ratio to the wooden plate is applied to the hot platen. To form a compressed high specific gravity hard layer on both sides.

According to the method of preheating and pressing the wooden material in one cycle by the hot press apparatus as described above, it is not necessary to transport the wooden material during this period, and only by setting the press schedule of the hot press apparatus. Since a series of steps can be easily performed, prevention of damage to the wooden material, improvement of the thermal efficiency, and simplification of the equipment can be achieved.

Further, it is possible to cope with various wood materials by setting conditions of the press schedule, it is easy to change product specifications such as compression ratio, etc., and it has many advantages such as excellent production efficiency and good yield. It will be demonstrated.

The wood material inserted between the upper and lower hot plates of the hot press device to which the thickness-regulating jig is attached is heated and compressed by hot pressing to form a hard layer having a high specific gravity on both sides thereof. Form.

The pressing time and the pressing pressure are arbitrarily set according to the specific gravity, softness and the like of the wood material used. Generally, the pressing time is 1 to 7 minutes and the pressing pressure is 5 to 25 kg / cm ^2.
It is preferable that

The hot pressing is preferably carried out at a temperature equal to or higher than the softening point of cellulose, which is a crystalline component of wood. Although the softening point temperature of cellulose slightly varies depending on the tree species, it is generally 200 to 250 ° C. Therefore, it is preferable to perform hot pressing at a temperature of 200 ° C or higher.

On the other hand, the softening points of hemicellulose and lignin, which are the non-crystalline components of the wood material, are about 180 ° C. and about 150 ° C., respectively, in a dry state, but about 35%, which is the fiber saturation point of the wood material. In all cases, the softening point temperature decreases to around 60 ° C.

Therefore, a wood material having a water content adjusted to be below the fiber saturation point, and further having water applied to the surface thereof as required, is heated at a temperature equal to or higher than the softening point temperature of cellulose as described above. By pressing, cellulose as a crystalline component is softened, and hemicellulose and lignin as non-crystalline components are also softened and melted.

The wood material heated and compressed between the upper and lower hot plates of the hot press device gradually undergoes thermal softening and consolidation due to the pressing force from the front and back surfaces directly in contact with the hot plate toward the center. Since the water content is adjusted to a low water content below the fiber saturation point, the heat transfer is performed relatively slowly, so that only the front and back portions of the wooden material are compacted.

As described above, since the temperature of the wooden material itself does not increase as a whole even at the time of hot pressing, it is easily cooled by the subsequent decompression.

When preheating and / or application of water is performed prior to hot pressing, heat transfer from the hot platen to the surface of the wood material during hot pressing is promoted, so that the surface of the wood material is plasticized. And consolidation of the front and back portions of the wood material is promoted.

After hot pressing, the material is decompressed and cooled to obtain a wood material having a hard layer on both sides.

On the surface of the wooden material thus obtained,
The adhesive is applied using an application device such as a roll coater or a spreader. As the adhesive, vinyl acetate resin,
A single adhesive consisting of a synthetic resin adhesive such as a urea resin, a melamine resin, a phenol resin, an acrylic resin, a urethane resin, an isocyanate, or a modified adhesive thereof, or a mixed adhesive obtained by mixing any of them is preferable. Used. As this adhesive, an adhesive which becomes transparent or becomes transparent when cured can be used. Further, additives such as a bulking agent and a coloring agent are added and mixed as needed.

The decorative material is placed on the surface of the wooden material to which the adhesive is applied,
The decorative material is stuck on the surface of the wooden material by pressing with a pressing device such as a laminating device, a vacuum press, a hot press, and a cold press.

As the decorative material, any material such as a decorative paper, a decorative synthetic resin sheet, a veneer, a veneer provided with a backing material, or the like can be used.

Fine grooves can be formed on the surface of the wooden material by wire brushing, sanding, or the like, if necessary. The microgrooves increase the surface area of the wooden material and exert an anchoring effect thereby, thereby improving the adhesive force of the decorative material provided on the surface.

As described above, the decorative board according to the present invention is obtained. The decorative board according to the present invention can be obtained by a normal peeling test method (ASTM D903 Peel or St) of a decorative material.
It has an adhesive strength of at least 2.0 kgf / 25 mm according to the 180 ° normal peeling test method based on the test method specified in ripping Strength of Adhesives, and the building materials and building components specified in JIS A-1433. 0.2 wear depth according to the wear test method
5 mm or less.

Further, the surface side of the wooden material (that is, the side on which the decorative material is adhered) is preferably 1.5 kgf / mm ² or more in the method of testing hardness of wood according to JIS Z-2007. Therefore, when a material having a low specific gravity or a soft material is used as a wooden material, the material is compacted by the surface hardening process as described above, and 1.5 kg is applied to the front and back.
A hard layer having a hardness of f / mm ² or more is formed.

The decorative material has an adhesive force of less than 2.0 kgf / 25 mm according to the normal peeling test method, the surface of the decorative plate has a wear depth of more than 0.25 mm, or has a surface hardness of 1 When a wooden material of less than 0.5 kgf / mm ² is used, the impact resistance of the surface of the decorative board becomes insufficient and the decorative material is cracked and peeled when a force such as an external impact or pressure is applied. , Dents and other scratches.

The surface of the decorative plate can be overcoated if necessary. In the top coat, the surface strength of the decorative layer itself can be improved by adding and mixing a wear-resistant material such as alumina and green carbon into the paint.

FIG. 1 shows an example of a schematic structure of a decorative board according to the present invention. Is affixed.

[0043]

According to the present invention, a decorative material is firmly adhered to the surface of a wooden material, has excellent peeling resistance and impact resistance as a decorative board, and is subjected to external force such as impact or pressure. Even in this case, it is possible to prevent the cosmetic material from being damaged such as cracking, peeling, dents, and the like.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing a schematic configuration example of a decorative board according to the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 Reference Signs List 1 wood material 2 hard layer 3 adhesive layer 4 cosmetic material

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A decorative board having a decorative material adhered to a surface of a wooden material, the decorative material having an adhesive force of 2.0 kgf / 25 mm or more according to a normal peeling test method, and a wear depth of the surface. The decorative board is characterized by having a thickness of 0.25 mm or less. 2. The decorative board according to claim 1, wherein the hardness of the wood on the surface side of the wood material is 1.5 kgf / mm ² or more according to a hardness test method.