JPH10339089A - Tunnel boring machine and boring method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To reduce work cost and improve the efficiency of a boring work, regarding a tunnel boring machine. SOLUTION: A boring machine body 11 is supported between a pair of lateral tunnel structures T1 and T2 , so as to be capable of freely traveling and excavation rotary drums 16 and 17 to excavate the forward subsoil are mounted on the front end of the machine body 11. In addition, a seal member 19 consisting of the first seal part 19a for sealing a gap between the machine body 11 and the lateral tunnel structures T1 and T2 , and the second seal part 19b for sealing a gap between the machine body 11 and a center tunnel body structure T3 is provided, and rotors 18a, 18b and 18c are mounted for smoothing the exterior wall surface of the center tunnel structure T3 in each of the lateral tunnel structures T1 and T2 .

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a tunnel excavator and a tunnel excavation method for excavating and forming a tunnel such as a subway.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a general shield excavator, a cutter head is rotatably mounted on a front portion of a cylindrical excavator body, and a shield jack and a segment erector are mounted on a rear portion of the excavator body. It is configured. Therefore, while the cutter head is rotated by the drive motor, the excavator body is advanced by the shield jack, thereby excavating the ground in front and excavating and forming a tunnel. Can be assembled into a tunnel to build a tunnel.

[0003] Some tunnels for excavation are used for subway roads and the like. The tunnel used as this subway usually requires two parallel running tunnels for running the subway of the up line and the down line. In addition, a station is required on the subway, and in order to form this station, it is necessary to connect two independent tunnels at a predetermined interval as described above to form a wide space.

Conventionally, in a tunnel excavation method used for a subway, two tunnels as running parts of an up and down line subway use two shield excavators as described above, and these two shield excavators are sequentially connected. It is operating and excavating two independent tunnels at a given interval. The large space forming the station is excavated between two independent tunnels by a third shield excavator.

[0005]

However, in such a conventional tunnel excavation method, when a central tunnel is excavated between two independent side tunnels at a predetermined interval. However, there is a problem that it becomes difficult to control the direction for excavating the shield excavator for excavating the central tunnel in parallel with each side tunnel. When three tunnels are to be connected after excavation, workers are connected after injecting a chemical solution into the gaps between adjacent tunnels to improve the ground, or use a roof shield method or a messel method. Connected while providing effective protection. However, in such a drilling method,
The work cost increases and the construction period also increases,
There was a problem that work efficiency was not good.

An object of the present invention is to solve such a problem, and an object of the present invention is to provide a tunnel excavator and a tunnel excavation method which reduce the operation cost and improve the excavation operation efficiency.

[0007]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a tunnel excavator for excavating between a pair of existing tunnel structures formed at predetermined intervals. A cylindrical excavator body positioned between the pair of existing tunnel structures and movable along the existing tunnel structure, a propulsion unit for moving the excavator body forward, and a front end of the excavator body A cutter device mounted on a portion to excavate a ground in front, lining means for forming a lining on an inner wall surface of a new tunnel formed by driving the cutter device and advancing the excavator body; First sealing means for sealing between the excavator body and each of the existing tunnel structures, second sealing means for sealing between the excavator body and the new tunnel structure, and each of the existing tunnel structures Is characterized in that comprises a processing means for smoothly finishing the outer wall surface of the new tunnel side in Zotai.

[0008] In the tunnel excavator according to the second aspect of the present invention, the excavator main body has a variable width in accordance with a change in the interval between the pair of existing tunnel structures, and the cutter device includes the pair of existing tunnel structures. The excavation cross-sectional shape is variable according to a change in the interval of the existing tunnel structure.

Further, in the tunnel excavator according to the present invention, the excavator body is provided with guide means for engaging with an outer peripheral portion of the existing tunnel structure.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided an excavating method, wherein a cylindrical excavator body positioned between a pair of existing tunnel structures excavated at a predetermined interval is advanced along each of the existing tunnel structures. Meanwhile, a new tunnel is excavated and formed by excavating the ground in front by a cutter device attached to the front end of the excavator body, and at this time, the processing means is used to excavate the new tunnel side of each of the existing tunnel structures. After finishing the outer wall surface of the new tunnel smoothly, the inner wall surface of the new tunnel is lining to form a new tunnel structure.

[0011]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 schematically shows a shield excavator as a tunnel excavator according to a first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 shows a cross section of a tunnel structure formed by the shield excavator.

In the tunnel excavator of the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, the excavator main body 11 has a rectangular tube shape,
Side tunnel structures (segments) T ₁ , T ₂ on both sides
Are integrally formed with the guide flanges 12a and 12b, respectively. A bulkhead 13 is fixed to a front portion of the excavator body 11 to prevent excavated earth and sand from entering the inside. The base ends of a pair of upper and lower support frames 14 and 15 extending forward are fixed to both sides of the front surface of the bulkhead 13. Two drilling rotary drums 1 as cutter devices having a vertical rotation axis
6 and 17 are rotatably mounted, and are rotatable in the arrow direction shown in FIG. 1 by a built-in drive motor (not shown). A number of excavating blades (not shown) are attached to the outer peripheral surfaces of the excavating rotary drums 16 and 17.

Therefore, these two excavating rotary drums 16,
17 is driven to rotate in opposite directions to each other, so that the ground in front can be excavated by a large number of excavating blades, and excavated earth and sand is poured into a front portion of the excavator body 11 from a gap between the excavating rotary drums 16 and 17. The earth and sand can be taken out and discharged to the outside by an unshown earth discharging device.

On the outer surface of the excavator body 11, rotating bodies 18a and 18 as processing means for smoothing and finishing the outer wall surfaces of the side tunnel structures T ₁ and T ₂ are provided.
b, 18c are provided. The rotating body 18a is rotatable and can move up and down on the side surface of the excavator body 11, and smoothly grinds the side wall surfaces of the side tunnel structures T ₁ and T ₂ . The rotating bodies 18b and 18c are rotatable and smoothly polish the upper and lower wall surfaces of the side tunnel structures T ₁ and T ₂ .

A plurality of shield jacks (not shown) serving as propulsion means are juxtaposed in the rear inner peripheral surface of the excavator main body 11 in the circumferential direction. By pressing against the existing segment S assembled on the inner peripheral surface, the excavator body 11 can be advanced by the reaction force. A segment erector (not shown) as a lining means is provided at a rear portion of the excavator body 11, and the segment erector is moved forward by a shield jack.
A tunnel can be constructed by mounting a new segment S in a space between the existing segment S and the existing segment S. Further, a bolt fastening device (not shown) for connecting each side tunnel structure T ₁ , T ₂ and a newly installed central tunnel structure T ₃ formed by a large number of segments S to the segment erector by bolts B. Can be assembled.

The rear of the excavator body 11 has
Cutter body 11 and each tunnel structure T ₁, T_Two, T_ThreeWith
An annular sealing member 19 that seals the space is mounted.
You. The sealing member 19 is connected to the excavator body 11 and each side part.
Tunnel structure T₁, T_Two1st seal to seal between
Parts 19a, 19b, excavator body 11 and central tunnel
Structure T_ThreeAnd a first seal portion.
Second seal portions 19c, 19d connecting 19a, 19b
And The first seal portions 19a and 19b are substantially U-shaped.
The guide is formed from the left and right outer surfaces of the excavator body 11
Extending to the inner surfaces of the flanges 12a and 12b,
Tunnel structure T₁, T_TwoIt is in elastic contact with the outer wall surface. Second
The seal portions 19c and 19d have a linear shape, and the excavator body
11 attached to the upper and lower inner surfaces, and the central tunnel structure T_Three
It is in elastic contact with the upper and lower walls. Then, the first seal portion 19
a, 19b and the second seal portions 19c, 19d are in the excavation direction
Is shifted. Therefore, the excavator body 11
Sometimes, the first seal portions 19a and 19b of the seal member 19
Side tunnel structure T₁, T_TwoThe outer wall of the second
The seal portions 19c and 19d are in the central portion of the tunnel structure T._Threeof
By being in elastic contact with the upper and lower wall surfaces,
Groundwater and excavated soil can be prevented from entering.

With the tunnel excavator of the present embodiment configured as described above, the existing side tunnel structures T ₁ , T ₂
For tunneling method for forming a central portion tunnel structures T ₃ will be described with excavating a tunnel between the.

First, each of the excavating rotary drums 16 and 17 is shown in FIG.
At the same time, each shield jack is extended by a predetermined stroke, and the excavator body 11 is advanced by the reaction force against the existing segment S. Then
Excavating rotary drums 16 and 17 that are driven to rotate in opposite directions to each other
Excavates by pressing against the ground in front. The excavated earth and sand produced by the excavation of the excavating rotary drums 16 and 17 is taken into the front part of the excavator body 11 through a gap between the excavation rotary drums 16 and 17,
It is discharged to the outside by the discharging device. Thereafter, any one of the shield jacks is contracted to form a space between the existing segment S and the segment erector mounts a new segment S in this space, and the side tunnel is tightened by a bolting device. It is connected to the structures T ₁ and T ₂ .
By repeating this operation, a tunnel is continuously excavated, and as shown in FIG. 2, the side tunnel structures T ₁ , T ₂
A central tunnel structure T3 connected between the _two is constructed.

[0020] At this time, the excavating machine main body 11 is guide flange 12a, 12b becomes possible to tunneling while respectively fitted to the side tunnel structure T _1, T _2, of the side tunnel structure T _1, T ₂ A central tunnel can be drilled between and parallel to it. Also, the first seal portions 19a and 19b of the seal member 19 of the excavator body 11 elastically contact the outer wall surfaces of the side tunnel structures T ₁ and T ₂ , and the second seal portion 1
9c, d have elastic contact with the upper and lower walls of the central portion tunnel structure T _3, thereby preventing the entry of groundwater and drilling soil to the interior of the excavator main body 11. Further, the rotating body 1 of the excavator body 11
8a moves up and down while the side tunnel structures T ₁ , T
₂ is polished smoothly on the side wall surface, and the rotating bodies 18b, 18c
Polishes the upper and lower wall surfaces of the side tunnel structures T ₁ and T ₂ smoothly, so that a central tunnel structure T ₃ can be formed between the side tunnel structures T ₁ and T ₂ without any gap.

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a shield excavator as a tunnel excavator according to a second embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 4 is a front view of the shield excavator of the present embodiment, and FIG. 6 shows a section taken along the line VI-VI in FIG. 5, and FIG. 7 shows a section showing the width adjustment operation of the excavator body.

In the tunnel excavator according to the present embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 3 to 5, the excavator body 21 is configured such that the left and right frame bodies 22, 23 having a U-shaped cross section are substantially square tube-shaped. They are fitted with each other via a seal member 24. Flanges 22a and 23a fitted to the side tunnel structures T ₁ and T ₂ are integrally formed on both sides of each of the frames 22 and 23.
The guide device 25 is mounted on the a and 23a. The excavator body 21 so that its width can be adjusted according to the size of the gap side tunnel structure T _1, T _2, each frame 2
The two members 23 are movable in the width direction via a seal member 24, and a width adjusting jack 26 is interposed between the frame members 22 and 23.

At the front of the excavator body 21, each frame 22, 2
The right and left bulkheads 27 and 28 are fixed corresponding to 3 and are fitted to each other via a seal member 29 to prevent the excavated earth and sand from entering the inside. In front of the bulkheads 27 and 28, a cutter device for excavating the ground in front is mounted. That is, the bulkhead 27,
The base ends of a pair of upper and lower support frames 30 and 31 extending forward are fixed to both sides of the support frame 28, and a vertical rotation shaft 3 is attached to the distal end of each of the support frames 30 and 31.
2, 33 are rotatably supported. One rotating shaft 3
Long-axis cutters 34 are fixed to both ends in the horizontal direction at the upper end and lower end of 2, respectively, and short-axis cutters 35 are fixed to four sides in the horizontal direction at an intermediate portion. The other rotating shaft 3
A long-axis cutter 36 is fixed to each of both ends in the horizontal direction at an upper end and a lower end of 3, and a short-axis cutter 37 is fixed to an intermediate portion thereof.

In this case, the long axis cutter 34 of the rotary shaft 32
The mounting angle of the rotary shaft 33 is shifted by 90 degrees so that the rotary shaft 33 does not come into contact with the long-axis cutter 36.
2 short-axis cutter 35 and short-axis cutter 37 of rotating shaft 33
It is mounted so as not to contact with the vertical direction. Driving motors 38 and 39 for rotating the rotating shafts 32 and 33 are mounted on the support frames 30 and 31, respectively. The cutters 34, 35, 36, 3
A large number of digging blades (not shown) are attached to the outer peripheral surface of 7.

Accordingly, when the rotating shafts 32, 33 are driven to rotate by the driving motors 38, 39, the cutters 34, 3
5, 36, 37 can excavate the ground in front by a large number of excavating blades by being rotationally driven in directions opposite to each other in the directions of the arrows shown in FIGS.
Excavated earth and sand can be taken into the front part of the excavator body 21 through the gap between 5, 36, and 37, and the earth and sand can be discharged to the outside by an unshown earth discharging device.

Although not shown, a plurality of shield jacks as propulsion means are juxtaposed on the rear inner peripheral surface of the excavator body 21 and a segment erector as lining means is provided in the same manner as in the above-described embodiment. Is provided. Furthermore,
An annular seal member for sealing is mounted between the excavator body 21 and each tunnel structure T _1, T _2, T ₃ at the rear of the excavator body 21, the outer surfaces of the excavator main body 21 In addition, a rotating body is provided as processing means for smoothing and finishing the outer wall surfaces of the side tunnel structures T ₁ and T ₂ .

With the tunnel excavator of this embodiment configured as described above, the existing side tunnel structures T ₁ , T ₂
For tunneling method for forming a central portion tunnel structures T ₃ will be described with excavating a tunnel between the.

First, the drive motors 38 and 39 rotate
The shafts 32, 33 are driven to rotate, and the cutters 34, 35, 3
6 and 37 are driven to rotate in the directions of the arrows in FIGS.
At the same time, extend each shield jack by a predetermined stroke,
Excavator body 2 by the pressing reaction force against existing segment S
Advance one. Then, they rotate in the opposite directions
The cutters 34, 35, 36, 37 press against the ground in front
Excavate. Then, the cutters 34, 35, 36, 37
Excavated earth and sand from the ground excavation
It is taken into the front part of the cutter body 21 and
Is discharged to the department. Then, one of each shield jack
By shrinking one of them to make a space between the existing segment S
And a segment erecta fills this space with a new segment
Attached to the side tunnel by the bolt fastening device
Structure T₁, T_TwoTo be linked. Repeat this operation
Excavation of tunnel continuously by side tunnel structure
Body T ₁, T_TwoCentral tunnel structure T connected between
_ThreeTo build.

At this time, the excavator body 21 is
5 is the side tunnel structure T₁, T_TwoDo not fit each
This side tunnel structure will be excavated
T₁, T _TwoExcavate the central tunnel between and parallel to
be able to.

Further, in the present embodiment, the side tunnel structure T _1, T excavator in accordance with a change in the _second interval the main body 2
1 is adjustable in cross-section and each cutter 3
The excavation cross-sectional shape by 4, 35, 36, 37 can be made variable. That is, as shown in FIG. 6, when the distance between the side tunnel structures T ₁ and T ₂ is the maximum L ₁ , the width adjusting jack 26 of the excavator body 21 is in the extended state, and each of the frame bodies 22 and 23 Apart. On the other hand, when the distance between the side tunnel structures T ₁ and T ₂ is the minimum L ₂ , the width adjusting jack 26 of the excavator body 21 is contracted, and each frame 22
And 23 approach. The cutters 34, 35 and 36, 37 attached to the bulkheads 27, 28 move with the movement of the frames 22, 23, so that the cutters 34, 35 and 36, 37 come into contact with each other. The excavation cross-sectional shape can be changed without the need. In this manner, the width of the excavator body 21 and the cross-sectional shape of the excavator by the cutters 34, 35 and 36, 37 can be adjusted according to the change in the interval between the side tunnel structures T ₁ , T ₂ , and the versatility is high. .

[0031]

As described in detail in the above embodiment, according to the tunnel excavator of the first aspect of the present invention, the excavator body located between the pair of existing tunnel structures is moved by the propulsion means into the existing tunnel. A lining means that is movable along the structure, and a cutter device for digging a ground in front is mounted on a front end portion of the excavator body, and a lining means for forming a lining on an inner wall surface of the newly formed tunnel. First sealing means for sealing between the excavator body and each existing tunnel structure; second sealing means for sealing between the excavator body and the new tunnel structure; and a new tunnel in each existing tunnel structure Processing means for smooth finishing the outer wall surface on the side of the excavator, so that the cutter device is driven while the excavator body located between the existing tunnel structures is moving forward, thereby enabling To excavate and form a new tunnel. At this time, the intrusion of groundwater and excavated sediment into the excavator body can be prevented by each sealing means, and the existing tunnel structure can be prevented by the processing means. By finishing the outer wall surface, a new tunnel structure can be formed between the side tunnel structures, and as a result, the working cost can be reduced and the excavation work efficiency can be improved. it can.

Further, according to the tunnel excavator of the second aspect of the present invention, the width of the pair of existing tunnel structures is made variable according to the change in the distance between the pair of existing tunnel structures, and the change in the distance between the pair of existing tunnel structures is achieved. The excavator cross-sectional shape is made variable according to the cutter device, which increases the versatility of the excavator, and eliminates the need to prepare a dedicated excavator for a pair of existing tunnel structures with different intervals, reducing cost. Can be planned.

According to the tunnel excavator of the third aspect of the present invention, since the excavator body is provided with the guide means for engaging with the outer peripheral portion of the existing tunnel structure, a new construction is provided between the pair of existing tunnel structures. Can easily be formed.

According to the tunnel excavation method of the present invention, the excavator is moved forward while moving the tubular excavator body positioned between a pair of existing tunnel structures excavated at a predetermined interval. A new tunnel is excavated and formed by excavating the ground in front by a cutter device attached to the front end of the main body. After that, the inner wall of this new tunnel was lining to form a new tunnel structure,
Excavation work efficiency can be improved.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a shield excavator as a tunnel excavator according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view of a tunnel structure formed by the shield excavator according to the embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a shield excavator as a tunnel excavator according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a front view of the shield excavator of the embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a sectional view taken along line VV of FIG. 4;

FIG. 6 is a sectional view taken along line VI-VI of FIG.

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a width adjustment operation of the excavator body.

[Explanation of symbols]

11 Excavator main body 12a, 12b Guide flange 13 Bulkhead 14, 15 Support frame 16, 17 Excavation rotary drum (cutter device) 18a, 18b, 18c Rotating body (processing means) 19 Seal member 19a, 19b First seal portion 19c, 19d 2nd seal part 21 Excavator main body 22, 23 Frame 22a, 23a Flange part 24 Seal member 25 Guide member 26 Width adjustment jack 27, 28 Bulkhead 30, 31, Support frame 32, 33 Rotation axis 34, 36 Long axis shape cutter (cutter device) 35 and 37 minor axial cutter (cutter device) 18a, 18b, 18c rotating body (processing means) 38 and 39 driving motor B bolts S segment (lining material) T _1, T ₂ side tunnel structure body T ₃ central tunnel structure

Continued on the front page (72) Inventor Tosumi Ino 1-25-1, Nishishinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo Taisei Construction Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Fumio Unosawa 1-25-1, Nishishinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo Taisei Construction Co., Ltd. In company

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A tunnel excavator for excavating between a pair of existing tunnel structures formed at predetermined intervals and moving along the existing tunnel structure while being positioned between the pair of existing tunnel structures. A flexible tubular excavator body, propulsion means for advancing the excavator body, a cutter device mounted on a front end of the excavator body to excavate a ground in front, driving of the cutter device, and excavation Lining means for forming a lining on the inner wall surface of a new tunnel formed by excavation by the advancement of the excavator body; first sealing means for sealing between the excavator body and each of the existing tunnel structures;
Second sealing means for sealing between the excavator body and the new tunnel structure; and processing means for smooth finishing the outer wall surface on the new tunnel side of each of the existing tunnel structures. Features a tunnel excavator. 2. The tunnel excavator according to claim 1, wherein the excavator body has a variable width in accordance with a change in the interval between the pair of existing tunnel structures, and the cutter device includes the pair of existing tunnel structures. A tunnel excavator, wherein a cross-sectional shape of an excavation is variable according to a change in a distance between tunnel structures. 3. The tunnel excavator according to claim 1, wherein said excavator body is provided with guide means for engaging with an outer peripheral portion of said existing tunnel structure. 4. A front end portion of the excavator main body while advancing a cylindrical excavator main body located between a pair of existing tunnel structures excavated and formed at a predetermined interval along each of the existing tunnel structures. A new tunnel is excavated and formed by excavating the ground in front by a cutter device attached to the machine, and at this time, the outer wall surface of the existing tunnel structure on the side of the new tunnel in each of the existing tunnel structures is smoothly finished. Forming a new tunnel structure by lining the inner wall surface of the new tunnel.