JPH10331141A - Urban type marine structure and power generating method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To establish a high efficiency power generating method using a marine structure which can make use of the sea water energy such a tidal force, buoyancy, etc., with extremely high effectiveness and which thereby allows constructing a marine surface city equipped with a balance of higher order. SOLUTION: An urban type marine structure is equipped with a ring-shaped embankment 1 having such a height over the sea ground as protruding over the sea surface. The configuration includes a marine dam 10 to store sea water internally and a buoyant structure put afloat in the internal sea water area of the dam 10, wherein the dam 10 is furnished with a tidal force power- generating facility which makes power generation through utilization of the water level difference between inside the dam 10 and the external sea area S, and the buoyant structure is structured so as to serve as at least either of a building 22 and artificial foundation ground.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a technology of an urban marine structure usable as a marine city and a power generation method using the same, and more particularly to a technology for effectively utilizing seawater energy.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art It has been a long time since global environmental protection has been called out due to limited realities such as land, resources, energy and the destruction of nature. However, information networks continue to expand in function and speed. Given these constraints and demands, an era has come that requires an immediate solution to the ideas and breakthrough technologies that enable high-dimensional, balanced urban construction.

[0003] By the way, the idea of deploying a canal that can secure a large transport capacity as a water transport network in an urban building considering logistics, that is, the idea of using water has been proven to be excellent from historical facts. . And about more modern floating city plans based on such basic ideas,
Many proposals have been made since ancient times.

[0004]

However, when considering the concept of the floating city concept and its overall image, most of them are expressed by all the elements and verbs of the land city, as shown in FIG. 8, for example. (Sleep, work, play,
The rest is simply moved to the water, which is just an expansion proposal of a conventional city where life is completed.

[0005] In recent years, it has actually been attempted to reclaim a relatively shallow sea area near the shore to create an artificial island and to construct various leisure facilities and living facilities there. However, these existing artificial islands are so-called soft ground as a whole because the ground itself is reclaimed. Therefore, there is a problem that the construction of the building there requires the construction of countless foundation piles reaching the supporting ground under the seabed before the landfill. Moreover, this kind of artificial island is merely a function of the island itself, and despite its infinite abundance of seawater in its surroundings, it should be used effectively, that is, to effectively use seawater energy. It is not a structure that can be done.

As a method of utilizing seawater energy, conversion to electric energy such as tidal power generation and wave power generation can be mentioned. Considering this point, for example, it is conceivable to construct a large-scale power generation facility using seawater energy on an artificial island. However, the existing land reclamation method is far from effective in utilizing seawater energy.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and a high-dimensional balance has been achieved by constructing an offshore structure capable of extremely effectively utilizing seawater energy such as tidal power and buoyancy. The purpose is to provide technologies that enable the construction of marine cities. Another object of the present invention is to provide a technique capable of realizing an extremely efficient power generation method using an offshore structure.

[0008]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, according to the present invention, there is provided an annular levee having a height protruding from the seabed to the sea surface, and storing seawater therein. Marine dams and floating structures floating in the seawater inside the marine dams, the marine dams have tidal power generation facilities that use the water level difference between the marine dams and the open sea, and the floating structures are buildings or The structure plays the role of at least one of the artificial ground. Here, the marine dam is provided with a pneumatic power generation facility that generates power by utilizing a change in air pressure, and the pneumatic power generation facility is provided in the embankment portion and has a cavity having a headrace for guiding seawater in the marine dam inside the levee body. And a pressure chamber formed in the upper space of the cavity and having an air pressure that changes according to the water level in the cavity. In addition, the floating structure may be configured to include at least a working space and a leisure space among necessary city functions. The height of each floating structure or the building thereon may be designed so that the center is high as a whole and the circumference is gradually lowered. On the other hand, the power generation method of the present invention includes an annular dam having a height protruding above the sea surface from the seabed ground and capable of storing seawater therein; And a tidal power generation facility utilizing a water level difference between the tidal power generation facility and the tidal power generation facility, comprising a water channel with a gate for communicating the inside of the marine dam with the open sea, and a water wheel rotating by a water flow flowing through the water channel. This is a method using an offshore structure, where the gate is opened from low tide to high tide and the water turbine is rotated while generating seawater from the open sea into the marine dam, and the first power generation process is closed at high tide. Then, the gate is opened during the period from high tide to low tide, and a second power generation process is performed in which the water turbine is rotated to generate power by discharging the seawater in the marine dam to the open sea. Further, in the power generation method of the present invention, an annular dam having a height protruding from the seabed surface to the sea surface is provided, and a marine dam capable of storing seawater therein, and a change in air pressure are used. Including a pneumatic power generation facility for generating electricity, and a cavity with a water conduit for guiding seawater in the marine dam is provided inside the embankment, and the upper space of the cavity is used to change the water level in the cavity. A method of using a marine structure configured as a pressure chamber that changes air pressure based on a floating structure having at least one function of a building or artificial ground in a marine dam, and loading the floating structure The pneumatic power generation facility is operated by changing the water level in the cavity based on the change in weight.

[0009]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. FIG.
FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view showing the entire configuration of the urban offshore structure according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a schematic sectional view of an offshore dam as a main part thereof, and FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing a floating structure in the offshore dam. It is sectional drawing.

As can be understood from these figures, the urban offshore structure according to the present embodiment includes an annular levee body 1 having a height projecting from the seabed ground G to the sea surface, and contains seawater therein. Dam 10 capable of storing water, and a floating structure 20 floating in the seawater S1 inside the marine dam 10
And The marine dam 10 uses a water level difference between the inside of the marine dam 10 and the open sea (surrounding sea area) S to use the tidal power generation facility 3.
0, and the floating structure 20 has a structure that plays a role of at least the artificial ground of the building or the artificial ground.

Next, the details will be described. As shown in FIG. 1, the marine dam 10 is constructed in an offshore area of a moderate depth away from the shore R. In the present embodiment, the embankment body 1 constituting the main part of the marine dam 10 is a flat circular ring, rises from the seabed ground G, and is designed to be sufficiently higher than the sea surface of the open sea S at high tide. The height is basically determined in relation to the maximum wave in the open sea S.
m or less is sufficient.

The lower part of the levee 1 is integral with a foundation portion 2 constructed so as to cover the seabed ground G, and has a concrete structure including a reinforcing material inside. As the reinforcing material, a material that is resistant to rust or a material that does not rust is suitable in consideration of corrosion resistance. Of course, RC using general rebar or steel
, SRC, or the entire steel structure.

The tidal power generation facility 30 is provided below the embankment body 1 and has a water channel 31 for communicating the inside of the marine dam 10 with the open sea S, and a water wheel 32 rotated by a water flow flowing through the water channel 31. This is a basic configuration. The irrigation channel 31 is provided with a gate 33 (see FIG. 4). By controlling the opening and closing of the gate 33, a water level difference is formed inside and outside the dam using the ebb and flow of the tide, and the water channel is determined based on the water level difference. A water flow is generated at 31.

For example, during low tide to high tide, the gate 3
3 to open the gate 33 at high tide, and open the gate 33 during the period from high tide to low tide. A second power generation step of generating electricity by rotating the water wheel 32 while discharging the seawater in the dam 10 to the open sea S can be performed.

Therefore, the tidal power generation facility 30 is provided at a portion below the water surface of the embankment body 1 so that the water level difference between the marine dam 10 and the open sea S can be efficiently used. That is,
It is provided at a position lower than any of the sea level of the outer sea S at the lowest tide level and the sea level of the inner sea area S1.

At the upper part of the levee 1, a land transportation tunnel 3, fresh water conduits 4 for drinking water, industrial water, and the like are provided in order from the top at a position higher than the surrounding open sea. Further, the bank body 1 is provided with a pneumatic power generation facility 50 below the fresh water conduit 4.

The land traffic tunnel 3 is provided so as to be able to make a round along the embankment body 1, and is divided into a vehicle and a sidewalk as required. Of course, the upper surface of the bank 1 can also be used. However, in consideration of the influence of sea breeze on vehicles and bad weather such as typhoons, the tunnel method is also very effective.

The pneumatic power generation facility 50 is for generating electric power by utilizing a change in air pressure, and is provided in the embankment body 1 and has a water conduit 51 for guiding seawater in the marine dam 10 therein. A pressure chamber 53 formed in an upper space of the cavity 52 and whose air pressure changes according to the water level in the cavity 52. Although not specifically shown here, there is a supply / exhaust passage with a shutter for communicating the pressure chamber 53 with the atmosphere, and an air pressure turbine is provided in the supply / exhaust passage.

As shown in FIG. 3, the floating structure 20 is arranged so as to float in a calm internal seawater area S1 of the marine dam 10, and serves at least one of a building and an artificial ground. It is a structure to carry. That is, as shown in FIG. 3, it may be configured as a simple floating artificial ground 21 or, as shown in FIG.
May be constructed. Furthermore, the structure which also serves as the artificial ground 21 and the building 22 can be adopted.

In the case where the artificial ground 21 is used, the structure is such that the plane area is larger than the height and is floating in a stable state. When building a building on the artificial ground 21, a plurality of buildings may be built on the artificial ground having a large flat area, or one building may be built for one artificial ground 21. . Moreover, it can also be constructed so as to straddle a plurality of artificial grounds 21.

In the case of a structure having both functions of the artificial ground 21 and the building 22, a plurality of floating buildings such as a so-called hull structure can be arranged in the marine dam 10. In this case, it is preferable that the high-rise building has a structure including a ballast tank capable of securing a necessary and sufficient weight (balance weight) in consideration of stability. As the balance weight, seawater in the internal seawater area S1 may be used, and a necessary water injection / drainage facility may be provided.

When a plurality of floating structures 20 are arranged in the marine dam 10, it is preferable that the floating structures 20 are connected to each other by a link mechanism or the like which can keep a constant interval between the floating structures 20. At this time, the distance between the floating structures 20 is arbitrary, but from the viewpoint of effectively utilizing water transportation, the distance between the floating structures 20 is set so that the water area between the floating structures 20 can be used as a canal-like waterway. Are also very suitable.

The height and the landscape of the building 22 are not particularly limited. However, by utilizing the revival of water traffic, a rich and long-lasting landscape can be created using the image of a port or lake as a design motif. It is effective to do. From that point, the height of the building 22 is also shown in FIGS.
It is preferable to incorporate an overall design plan, such as that the central part is high as a whole and the surrounding buildings are gradually lowered to keep the skyline as conical as possible.

In the marine city according to the present embodiment,
The concept of having a working space and a leisure space among the necessary city functions is adopted.
That is, in the case of the conventional marine city concept, as shown in FIG.
In contrast to the concept of moving all the elements of the land city, the verbs “sleep, work, play, rest” to the surface of the water, the present embodiment adopts the concept of the land city as shown in FIG. The concept of moving the space (including equipment) functions necessary for "working and playing" among all the elements of the above to the marine city is adopted.

Therefore, the space (including facilities) and functions necessary for "sleeping and resting" are left on land. As a result, on land, good quality soil, water, greenery, and wind can be recovered, and a comfortable living environment can be created.

In the marine structure having such a configuration,
Due to the presence of the embankment 1 constituting the main part of the marine dam 10, a calm sea area S1 can be secured inside, isolated from the influence of the waves of the open sea S and wind. By arranging the floating structure 20, that is, the artificial ground 21 and the building 22, in the calm inner sea area S1, a working space, a leisure space, and the like can be easily secured.

Since the artificial ground 21 and the building 22 are floating, they are not affected by the water level and, unlike a stationary structure, water can freely flow under the structure to purify water. This is a very advantageous structure.

Further, since the abundant seawater can be stored and discharged by the marine dam 10, tidal power, wave power, pneumatic power generation, etc. can be performed using this function.
It is possible to efficiently use seawater energy.

Next, a power generation method using such an offshore structure will be described. Each of the tidal power generation facility 30 and the pneumatic power generation facility 50 according to the present embodiment basically repeats the operation of storing and discharging seawater in the marine dam 10 using the change in the tide level of the open sea S. Generate electricity.

First, for the tidal power generation facility 30, as shown in FIG. 1, for example, when the sea level of the open sea S is higher than the sea level of the internal sea area (hereinafter abbreviated as "inland sea") S1, the gate 33 is opened to open the open sea. The water turbine 32 is rotated while guiding the seawater into the marine dam 10 to generate electric power.
The waterwheel 32 is rotated while discharging the seawater in 1 to the open sea S to generate power.

At this time, since the power generation efficiency can be improved as the difference in water level between the inner sea and the outer sea is larger, it is desirable to control the opening and closing of the gate 33 in consideration of this point. Therefore, during the period from low tide to high tide, the gate 33
The first power generation step of opening the gate to generate power and the second power generation step of opening the gate 33 to generate power during the period from high tide to low tide are performed.

Next, in the pneumatic power generation facility 50, as shown in FIG. 1, the air pressure in the pressure chamber 53 fluctuates based on a change in the sea level of the inland sea S1. That is, according to the water level of the inland sea S1, the seawater flows in and out of the headrace channel 51, and the water level in the hollow portion 52 also interlocks with the water level of the inland sea S1. Therefore, when the shutter of the air supply / exhaust passage connecting the pressure chamber 53 and the atmosphere is closed, the pressure chamber 5
The air pressure in the tube 3 rises as the water level rises and becomes higher than the atmospheric pressure, and acts as the water level falls and falls below the atmospheric pressure.

However, at the time of the first power generation step in which seawater is introduced into the interior while opening the gate 33 of the tidal power generation facility 30 to generate seawater, the sea surface of the inland sea S1 rises, thereby increasing the air pressure in the pressure chamber 53. Therefore, when the pressure rises to an appropriate level, the shutter is opened and the turbine is rotated to generate power.

In the second power generation step in which the gate 33 of the tidal power generation facility 30 is opened and power is generated while discharging the seawater in the inland sea S1, as the sea level of the inland sea S1 gradually decreases,
Since the air pressure in the pressure chamber 53 becomes lower than the atmospheric pressure, the turbine is rotated to generate power by utilizing the backflow phenomenon of air from the atmosphere into the pressure chamber 53.

As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the operation of the pneumatic power generation facility 50 is based on the principle of rising and falling of the sea level of the inland sea S1 based on the difference between the daytime and nighttime populations on the floating structure 20. It is also possible.

For example, as shown in FIG. 4, when the gate 33 is closed at the high tide last night and the water level of the inland sea S1 is higher than the water level of the outer sea S, the artificial ( The seawater man-made) is light because it is moving to land and less, so that the waterline of the floating structure 20 is at the bottom.

In the commuting time zone, people and things start to concentrate on the floating structure 20. Then, the weight increases, the floating structure 20 sinks correspondingly, and conversely, the water level of the inland sea S1 rises. Accordingly, the air pressure in the pressure chamber 53 also increases. Therefore, it is possible to generate electric power by utilizing the increase in the air pressure.

On the other hand, when it is time to return to work, power can be generated based on the reverse principle. Regarding the power generation method based on the change of the waterline of the floating structure 20,
It can be performed separately from the operation of the tidal power generation facility 30,
It can be done at the same time.

When a thermal power generation facility is installed in the marine structure according to the present embodiment, the intake and discharge of cooling water at a rate of 3 to 4 cubic meters per second is used to further generate power at the tidal power generation facility 30. It is also possible to increase efficiency.

[0040]

As described above, according to the present invention, a marine dam capable of storing seawater therein and a floating structure floating in the seawater area inside the marine dam are provided. Equipped with a tidal power generation facility that uses the water level difference between the marine dam and the open sea, and the floating structure is a structure that plays a role of at least one of a building and artificial ground, making the most effective use of seawater energy It is possible to construct a marine structure that can be constructed, thereby enabling a high-dimensional and well-balanced marine city to be built, and to realize an extremely efficient power generation method using the marine structure.

Further, the levee of the marine dam makes it possible to secure a calm sea area inside, which is isolated from the influence of waves and winds of the open sea. The necessary working space, leisure space, and the like can be easily secured by merely arranging the artificial ground and the floating structure serving as a building in the calm inner sea area.

In addition, the marine dam is provided with a pneumatic power generation facility having a function of converting a water level change in the marine dam into an air pressure change to generate power, thereby providing a tidal power generation utilizing a water flow based on the tide level change. Thus, the effective use of seawater energy can be achieved more efficiently.

Further, by designing the height of each floating structure or the building above it so that the center is high as a whole and the surroundings are gradually lowered, the sunshine and the entire skyline and landscape creation can be sufficiently obtained. Can be considered as a maritime city.

On the other hand, in the power generation method of the present invention, a marine dam with a gate is used, and a gate is opened from low tide to high tide to generate water by rotating a water wheel while guiding seawater from the open sea into the marine dam. (1) By performing a power generation process and a second power generation process of closing a gate at high tide, opening the gate from high tide to low tide, and rotating a water wheel while discharging seawater in the marine dam to the open sea to generate power. , 4 days a year
Effective use of the tide ebb and flow of the tide, which is coming soon, can extend the power generation time band. Moreover, since abundant seawater can be used in large quantities by the marine dam, the power generation can be increased. Further, according to the power generation method of the present invention, a floating structure having at least one function of a building or artificial ground is arranged in an ocean dam, and the water level in the hollow portion is changed based on a change in the loaded weight of the floating structure. To operate the pneumatic power plant,
Further effective utilization of seawater energy can be achieved.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an overall perspective view showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic sectional view showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a schematic sectional view showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a principle diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a principle view showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram showing a conventional example.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Embankment 2 Base part 3 Tunnel for land transportation 4 Freshwater headrace 10 Ocean dam 20 Floating structure 21 Artificial ground 22 Building 30 Tidal power generation facility 31 Waterway 32 Waterwheel 33 Gate 50 Pneumatic power generation facility 51 Waterway 52 Hollow part 53 Pressure Room S Open sea S1 Internal seawater area G Submarine ground

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A marine dam having an annular levee having a height protruding above the sea surface from the seafloor ground and capable of storing seawater therein, and a floating body floating in the seawater inside the marine dam. The marine dam is provided with a tidal power generation facility utilizing a water level difference between the inside of the marine dam and the open sea, and the floating structure is a structure that plays a role of at least one of a building and an artificial ground. There is an urban offshore structure. 2. The marine dam includes a pneumatic power generation facility that generates power by utilizing a change in air pressure, and the pneumatic power generation facility includes:
A cavity provided in the embankment portion and having a headrace channel therein for guiding seawater in the marine dam, and a pressure chamber formed in an upper space of the cavity and having an air pressure that changes according to a water level in the cavity. The urban offshore structure according to claim 1, comprising: 3. The urban offshore structure according to claim 1, wherein the floating structure has at least a working space and a leisure space among required city functions. 4. The urban ocean according to claim 1, wherein the height of each of the floating structures or the buildings thereon is designed so that the central portion is generally high and the circumference thereof is gradually reduced. Structure. 5. A marine dam having a ring-shaped levee having a height protruding above the sea surface from the seabed ground and capable of storing seawater therein, and a water level difference between the inside of the marine dam and the open sea The tidal power plant includes a water channel with a gate for communicating the inside of the marine dam with the open sea, and a water turbine rotating by a water flow flowing through the water channel. Power generation method using
A first power generation step of opening the gate during low tide to high tide and rotating the water wheel while guiding the seawater of the open sea into the marine dam to generate power, and closing the gate at high tide to open the gate from high tide to low tide And a second power generation step of rotating the water turbine while generating seawater in the marine dam to the open sea to generate power. 6. A marine dam having a ring-shaped levee having a height protruding above the sea surface from the seafloor ground and capable of storing seawater therein, and a pneumatic power generator for generating power by utilizing a change in air pressure. And a cavity having a headrace for guiding seawater in the marine dam is provided in the embankment portion, and an upper space of the cavity is air-pressured based on a change in water level in the cavity. A power generation method using a marine structure configured as a pressure chamber for changing the pressure, wherein a floating structure having at least one function of a building or an artificial ground is arranged in the marine dam, and the loading weight of the floating structure is A power generation method, wherein the power generation facility is operated by changing the water level in the cavity based on the change in the power generation.