JPH10328968A - Machine tool - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a compact machine tool excellent in chip collecting and discharging function. SOLUTION: A wide trough 39 is provided at the center part of a bed 3 directly below a table 21, along the moving direction of the table 21. A chip conveyor 47 is installed inside the trough 39. A pair of chip collecting inclined plates 51 are provided on both sides of the chip conveyous 47, and telescopic covers 53 expanded/contracted in accordance with the movement of the table 21 are provided in front and in the rear of the table 21 so as to cover a Z-axis moving guide rail 13 of the table 21.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a machine tool for processing a workpiece by relatively moving the workpiece and a tool in three X, Y, and Z axes.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a machine tool, one of the most important themes is how to efficiently discharge a large amount of chips generated when machining a workpiece out of the apparatus. Research and development. For example, Tokuho 6
JP-A-28835 and JP-A-58-93437 propose a structure in which troughs are provided on both sides of a table and chips are individually removed by the troughs on each side. That is,
FIG. 4 of Japanese Patent Publication No. Hei 6-28835 discloses a vertical machining center provided with tables moving in the X and Y axis directions, troughs provided on both sides of the table to receive chips, and chips in each trough. A configuration in which chips are discharged to the outside of the machine by a discharge means is disclosed. In addition, 58-934
In FIG. 3 of Japanese Patent Publication No. 37-304, a table which moves in the Z-axis direction is provided in a horizontal machining center, troughs are provided on both sides of the table to receive chips, and chip discharge means using fluid in each trough is provided. A configuration for discharging chips is disclosed.

[0003]

However, in the above two conventional structures, the troughs are dispersed at two places, and each trough requires a chip discharging means, which complicates the structure. Also, the width of each trough is as small as bisecting the dimensions allocated for the trough, and when trying to make the whole machine compact, the width of each trough becomes narrower, so that each trough has chips. (A bird's nest-like chip pool) is likely to be formed.

[0004] Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a compact machine tool which does not involve such inconvenience and has excellent performance for collecting and discharging chips and the like.

[0005]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a machine for processing a workpiece by relatively moving the workpiece and a tool in three directions of X, Y, and Z axes. A machine, a bed serving as a base of the machine, a table on which the work is placed, and which moves along a guide provided at least in one horizontal axis direction on the bed, and a main shaft on which the tool is mounted. A spindle head relatively movable between the table, a concave chip receiver provided below the table and along the direction of movement of the table, and a cover for covering the guide, and And a cover that leads to

In a second aspect of the present invention, a work and a tool are connected by X,
In a machine tool for processing the work by moving relative to each other in three directions of Y and Z axes, a bed serving as a base of the machine is placed, and the work is placed on the bed and provided at least horizontally in one axis direction. A table that moves along the guide, a horizontal spindle head that has a horizontally installed spindle for mounting the tool, and is relatively movable between the table, and a table below the table, and A concave chip receiver provided along the moving direction of the table, a cover for covering the guide and guiding the chip to the chip receiver, and a chip provided in the chip receiver for discharging dropped chips to the outside of the machine. Discharging means.

[0007] A third aspect of the present invention relates to a method in which a work and a tool are connected by X,
In a machine tool for processing the workpiece by relatively moving the workpiece in three Y-axis directions, a bed serving as a base of the machine and a guide provided at a rear portion on the bed so as to be movable in the left-right direction. A moving column, a table on which the work is placed along a guide provided movably in the front-rear direction at the front part of the bed, and a guide provided movably in the vertical direction on the column. And a horizontal spindle head having a horizontally provided spindle for mounting the tool at the tip thereof, and a concave chip provided below the table and along the direction of movement of the table. Uke,
A cover that covers the guide and guides chips to the chip receiver,
And a chip discharging means provided in the chip receiver and configured to discharge dropped chips to the outside of the machine.

[0008] A fourth aspect of the present invention relates to a method in which a work and a tool are connected to each other by X,
In a machine tool for processing the workpiece by relatively moving the workpiece in three Y-axis directions, a bed serving as a base of the machine and a guide provided at a rear portion on the bed so as to be movable in the left-right direction. A moving column, a table on which the work is placed along a guide provided movably in the front-rear direction at the front part of the bed, and a guide provided movably in the vertical direction on the column. And a horizontal spindle head having a horizontally installed spindle for mounting the tool at the tip thereof, and for cutting chips covering a machining area and having a lower portion inclined toward the center of the bed. A splash guard having a sloping portion, a concave chip receiver provided in the front-rear direction in a center portion of the bed below the sloping portion of the splash guard below the table, and a front portion and a rear portion of the table. A movable cover is provided so as to cover a space between the guide section for movement of the table in the front-rear direction and the processing area, and is movable in the front-rear direction along with the movement of the table, and is provided in the chip receiver, And a chip discharging means for discharging chips dropped into the chip receiver to the outside of the machine.

In a fifth aspect of the present invention, preferably, a means for moving the table in the front-rear direction is provided in front of the table, and the chip discharging means discharges chips from the front of the chip receiver to the outside of the machine. Also preferably, it has an opening for projecting the horizontal spindle head to the processing area,
The apparatus further includes a planar cover provided on a portion of the column facing the processing area so as to cover a moving area of the spindle head in the left-right and up-down directions. Furthermore, the flat cover is fixed to the rear of the splash guard so as to cover a portion facing the processing area of the column, and a left and right direction together with the spindle head provided behind the fixed cover. And an Y cover provided behind the X cover and moved along with the spindle head in the vertical direction. The chip receiver is formed of a concave thin plate member, and is fixed at a plurality of locations with a space between the chip receiver and the chip receiver.

In the present invention, since the chip receiver having a concave shape is provided below the table and along the moving direction of the table, chips generated when machining a work are stored in the chip receiver. Directly or along the cover, and hardly accumulates around the table.
Further, since the chip discharge means is provided in the chip receiver, the chips are automatically discharged outside the machine.

[0011]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION An embodiment of the present invention will be described below. Some of the constituent elements of the present invention may be appropriately changed within the technical level of the industry at the time of filing the present invention. Since possible members are included, it is not allowed to reduce and understand the gist of the invention based only on the present embodiment.

FIG. 1 is a side cross-sectional view (cross-sectional view taken along the line II in FIG. 2) showing the overall configuration of a machine tool according to an embodiment of the present invention. Y, Z
This is a horizontal machining center that is relatively moved in the axial direction to perform desired machining on a workpiece. FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along the line II-II of FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along the line III-III of FIG.

In FIG. 1, a large bed 3 serving as a base is formed in an L-shape by raising the rear side by one step, and a plurality of inner beds are provided inside in order to increase rigidity and maintain accuracy while reducing weight. It adopts a box-shaped lightening structure with ribs. A guide rail extending in the X-axis direction is provided on a rear upper plane of the bed 3, and the column 5 is assembled to the bed 3 via the rail so as to be movable in the X-axis direction. Guide rails 7, 7 extending in the axial direction are provided, and the spindle head 9 is assembled via the rails so as to be movable in the Y-axis direction with respect to the column 5. A tool is mounted on the spindle head 9 and is parallel to the Z-axis. A main shaft 11 that rotates around an axis is assembled.

The front part of the bed 3 (the left part of the bed in FIG. 1) is formed in a wide horizontal plane, and when viewed from the front side of the machine (see FIGS. 2 and 3), along the both sides of the plane, Guide rails 13, 13 extending in the Z-axis direction are provided, respectively.
The table 21 is assembled so as to be movable in the Z-axis direction across the guide rail. On the table 21, a pallet 19 on which a scale 15 on which a work 15 disposed opposite to a tool is detachably fixed is fixedly mounted is detachably fixed via a pallet positioning device 23.

As described above, since the pallet positioning device 23 is provided between the table 21 and the pallet 19, a pallet changing device (not shown) is used while holding the work 15 and the scale 17. The pallet 19 can be automatically and detachably fixed to a predetermined position of the table 15. That is, the work 15 before processing and the work 15 after processing can be automatically replaced from the table 21 while being attached to the pallet 19.

The scale 17 and the work 15 are, of course, separately removable. A pair of brackets 25 and 27 are provided in the center of the upper part of the front part of the bed 3 side by side in the Z-axis direction. It is pivotally supported via support bearings 31 fitted to the bracket. Among the brackets, a Z-axis feed motor 33 is mounted on the front side of a motor bracket 25 disposed on the front side of the bed 3, thereby driving the ball screw 29.

On the other hand, an extended nut bracket is provided at the lower center of the table 21 in a region intersecting with the ball screw 29, and a feed screw nut 37 screwed to the ball screw 29 is fitted thereto. Of the Z-axis feed means. By driving and controlling the Z-axis feed motor 33, it is possible to control the Z-axis direction feed of the table 21 on the bed 3 and thus the Z-axis position of the work 15 with respect to the tool and the main shaft 11.

Referring to FIG. 2, a telescopic cover 35, which covers the ball screw 29 from the upper side and the side and opens downward, is provided with a feed screw means exposed when the table 21 is moved in the Z-axis direction. Is a movable cover that protects the chip from chips and the like, and expands and contracts without any gap in the Z-axis direction. When the front side of the bed 3 is viewed from the front, it is necessary to install chip discharging means between a pair of Z-axis guide rails 13, that is, in a recess formed at the front upper center of the bed 3. A trough 39 having a sufficient width and depth is mounted via a mounting seat 41.

However, the extension end of the trough 39 is stopped in front of the rear step of the bed 3 (see FIG. 1). The chip discharging means is accommodated in the bottom surface of the trough 39 and, as shown in FIG. 1, sprockets are respectively mounted on front and rear ends thereof, and an endless chain 43 is extended between the two. along,
A chip conveyor 47 is formed by mounting a plurality of scrapers 45 at substantially equal intervals in parallel with the X-axis direction.
The shape of the scraper 45 is such that a gap formed between the bottom surface on the trough 39 side and the chain 43 is closed.

The mounting seat 41 for separating the bed 3 and the trough 39 is provided with a gap for preventing heat such as chips transported by the chip conveyor 47 from being conducted to the bed 3 during transportation and causing thermal expansion distortion. Form. The width of the trough 39 is substantially the same as the distance between a pair of telescopic covers 53 connected to opposing lower edges of a pair of inclined plates 51 attached to the lower sides of a splash guard 49 described later, and has a longer length. The bed starts from the front of the rear side of the bed 3 and extends forward from the front end of the bed 3, and a chip discharge opening 55 is provided below the end.

The trough 39 extends to an area for receiving all of the chips collected by the inclined plate 51 and the telescopic cover 35, and the chip conveyor 47 is driven clockwise (see FIG. 1), and Is moved to the discharge opening 55. A processing liquid tank 57 is arranged below the opening 55 so that chips carried by the chip conveyor 47 and falling from the opening 55 are received together with the processing liquid.

The telescopic covers 53, 5
3 is a rear step of the bed 3 and a table 21 respectively.
Between table 21 and splash guard 4 to be described later.
9 so as to cover the space between the work piece 9 and the front side plate, so that the sliding surface of the table 21, that is, the bed 3
This is a movable cover that protects the Z-axis guide rails 13, guides the chips dropped on the surface of the inclined plate 51, and collects the chips on the chip conveyor 47.

Referring to FIGS. 1, 2 and 3, the splash guard 49 covers the processing portion of the work 15 from the outside,
In addition to guarding the machining fluid and chips from scattering to the outside, it has the function of protecting workers from danger caused by rotation of the tool and scattering of chips. The inclined plate 51 mentioned earlier,
51 is attached to the lower left and right sides of the splash guard 49, and chips and machining fluid are supplied to the Z-axis guide rail 1 of the bed 3.
It prevents falling on 3,13. Inclined plates 51, 5
By increasing the inclination angle of 1, chips do not adhere and stay on the inclined surface.

The portion of the rear plate of the splash guard 49, into which the spindle head 9 penetrates, has a double window structure of an XY cover 59, an X cover 61 and a Y cover 63 from inside as shown in FIG. Referring to FIG. 3, XY cover 59 is fixed to the rear portion of splash guard 49 (constituting the main body of splash guard 49).
A substantially rectangular hole 59a is formed. At the rear of the XY cover 59 (the back side when viewed from the front of the machine),
An X cover 61 is provided so as to cover the center of 9a from behind, and an elongated hole 61a is formed. At the rear of the X cover 61, a Y cover 63 is provided so as to cover the center of the hole 61a from behind, and the spindle head 9 passes through the center.

Further, the left and right ends of the X cover 61 and the fixing plate 6
Movable covers 61b, 61b made of a telescopic cover member such as a telescopic cover are attached between the movable covers 1b, 1c and 61c, respectively. Similarly, between the upper and lower ends of the Y cover 63 and the fixed plates 63b, 63b, the movable covers 63a,
63a are attached respectively. Therefore, the X cover 61 and the movable covers 61b, 61b always cover the punched hole 59a, which is the moving range of the spindle head 9 in the X-axis direction, and the Y cover 63 and the movable covers 63a, 63b.
a, covers the hole 61a, which is the range of movement in the Y-axis direction, and moves the spindle head 9 in the X, Y-axis directions without interference between the outer peripheral portion of the spindle head 9 and the inner peripheral edges of the hole 59a, 61a. Can be moved relatively.

With such a configuration, the spindle head 9 moves in the X and Y axis directions inside the hole 59a of the XY cover 59. Therefore, the XY cover 59
In the range of movement of the spindle head 9 in the X and Y axis directions,
It is sufficient to form the minimum hole 59a, and if the corner portion is formed in an R shape, the size can be further reduced. For this reason, the inclination angle of the inclined plates 51, 51 of the splash guard 49 can be increased, which contributes to the prevention of chip accumulation. Here, since the XY cover 59, the X cover 61, and the Y cover 63 have a thin plate shape, chips hardly accumulate on the inner peripheral edges of the holes 59a, 61a.

Next, a vertical machining center will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 4 is the same as the horizontal machining center of FIG. 1 except for the spindle and the planar cover around the spindle head, and is denoted by the same reference numerals. Table 2 on the front side of L-shaped bed 30 of vertical machining center
A trough 39 for assembling the chip discharging means having the same structure as that of the horizontal machining center is installed in the lower portion of the bed 1 in the left-right direction in FIG. . Further, a driving means for moving the table 21 in the front-rear direction is also arranged at the front end of the bed 3. The description of the inclined plate for collecting chips, the telescopic cover, and the like is omitted, but since it is almost the same as the horizontal machining center, refer to it.

As described above, the same technical means as the horizontal machining center can be applied to the vertical machining center. In this case, the functions and effects to be performed are the same as those of the above-mentioned horizontal machining center. According to the embodiment of the present invention, since the splash guard having the inclined portion and the telescopic cover that expands and contracts in the horizontal direction are provided, chips do not bite between the cover members. Further, since the chips are discharged from the front of the machine, it is not necessary to provide a hole inside the rear portion of the bed, and the rigidity of the bed can be maintained. Further, since a feed moving means such as a ball screw and a drive motor for moving the table in the front-rear direction is provided at the front of the machine, it is not necessary to provide a hole inside the rear portion of the bed, and the rigidity of the bed can be maintained.

[0029]

According to the present invention, since a chip receiver having a concave shape is provided below the table and along the moving direction of the table, chips generated when machining a workpiece can be directly in the chip receiver or on the cover. Fall along and hardly accumulate around the table. Particularly in the case of a machine tool having a horizontal spindle head, most of the chips fall directly into the concave chip receiver from the gap between the table and the column.

A chip discharge means is provided in the chip receiver, and chips are automatically discharged outside the machine. Only one chip receiver needs to be provided below the table, and the size of the machine can be reduced.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side sectional view of a horizontal machining center according to an embodiment of the machine tool of the present invention, showing a section taken along line II in FIG.

FIG. 2 is a front sectional view of the horizontal machining center according to the embodiment, taken along line II-II in FIG.

FIG. 3 is a front sectional view of the horizontal machining center according to the embodiment, taken along line III-III in FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a side view showing the overall schematic configuration of the vertical machining center.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Horizontal machining center 3 ... Bed 5 ... Column 9 ... Spindle head 11 ... Spindle 15 ... Work 21 ... Table 29 ... Ball screw 33 ... Z-axis drive motor 37 ... Feed nut 39 ... Trough 43 ... Chain 45 ... Scraper 47 ... Chip conveyor 49 ... Splash guard 51 ... Incline plate 53 ... Telescopic cover 59 ... XY cover 59a ... Drilled hole 61 ... X cover 61a ... Drilled hole 61b ... Movable cover 61c ... Fixed plate 63 ... Y cover 63a ... Movable cover 63b ... Fixed plate

 ────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continued on the front page (72) Inventor Naozumi Tanikawa 3560-1 Katsuyama Village, Minamitsuru-gun, Yamanashi Prefecture Inside Makino Milling Machine Co., Ltd.

Claims (8)

[Claims] 1. A machine tool for processing a work by relatively moving a work and a tool in three directions of X, Y, and Z axes, wherein: a bed serving as a base of the machine; A table that moves along a guide provided at least in one horizontal axis on the bed, a spindle that has a spindle for mounting the tool, and is relatively movable between the table, and a lower part of the table And a concave chip receiver provided along the direction of movement of the table, and a cover for covering the guide and guiding the chips to the chip receiver. 2. A machine tool for processing a work by relatively moving a work and a tool in three directions of X, Y, and Z axes, comprising: a bed serving as a base of the machine; A table that moves along a guide provided at least horizontally in one axial direction on the bed, and a main shaft that is provided in a horizontal direction on which the tool is mounted,
A horizontal spindle head relatively movable between the table, a concave chip receiver provided below the table and along the direction of movement of the table, and covering the guide; A machine tool comprising: a cover that guides to a receiver; and a chip discharging unit that is provided in the chip receiver and discharges dropped chips to the outside of the machine. 3. A machine tool for processing a workpiece by relatively moving a workpiece and a tool in three X, Y, and Z axes, comprising: a bed serving as a base of the machine; A column moving along a guide movably provided in a direction, a table moving along a guide movably provided in a front-rear direction at a front portion of the bed, and a table on which the work is placed; A horizontal spindle head that moves along a guide movably provided in the column in a vertical direction and has a spindle provided in a horizontal direction at which the tool is mounted at the tip, and below the table and below the table. A concave chip receiver provided along the moving direction; a cover for covering the guide and guiding the chips to the chip receiver; and a chip discharging means provided in the chip receiver for discharging the dropped chips to the outside of the machine. And Machine tool, characterized in that. 4. A machine tool for processing a workpiece by relatively moving a workpiece and a tool in three directions of X, Y, and Z axes, comprising: a bed serving as a base of the machine; A column moving along a guide movably provided in a direction, a table moving along a guide movably provided in a front-rear direction at a front portion of the bed, and a table on which the work is placed; A horizontal spindle head that moves along a guide movably provided in the column in the vertical direction and has a spindle provided horizontally at the tip for mounting the tool, and a machining area is covered, and a lower portion of the bed is A splash guard having an inclined portion for chip falling inclined toward a central portion, and a concave shape provided in a front-rear direction in a central portion of the bed below the inclined portion of the splash guard below the table. Off A dust receiver, provided at a front portion and a rear portion of the table so as to cover a space between a guide portion for moving the table in the front-rear direction and the processing area, and moving in the front-rear direction as the table moves. A machine tool comprising: a movable cover; and a chip discharging means provided in the chip receiver and configured to discharge chips dropped into the chip receiver to the outside of the machine. 5. The machine tool according to claim 4, wherein means for moving the table in the front-rear direction is provided in front of the table, and the chip discharging means discharges chips from the front of the chip receiver to the outside of the machine. . 6. An opening for projecting the horizontal spindle head into the machining area, and provided on a portion of the column facing the machining area so as to cover a moving area of the spindle head in the left-right and up-down directions. 5. The apparatus according to claim 4, further comprising a flat cover provided.
Or the machine tool according to 5. 7. A fixed cover fixed to a rear portion of the splash guard so as to cover a portion of the column facing a processing region, and a flat cover provided behind the fixed cover and the left and right sides together with the spindle head. 7. An X cover which is moved in a direction, and a Y cover provided behind the X cover and moved in a vertical direction together with the spindle head.
A machine tool according to claim 1. 8. The chip receiver according to claim 4, wherein the chip receiver is formed of a thin sheet member having a concave shape, and is fixedly attached at a plurality of locations with a space between the chip receiver and the chip receiver. Machine Tools.