JPH10328141A - Ophthalmologic device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To arbitrarily stop only the measurement after alignment end. SOLUTION: This ophthalmologic device is constituted so as to automatically start the measurement when the cornea C to be examined and a device S are completely aligned by an automatic alignment driving means (control circuit 51, vertical driving means 103 and longitudinal/lateral driving mechanism 102) by providing this automatic alignment driving means for automatically performing vertical, lateral and longitudinal alignments. In this case, a measurement stop switch 123 (measurement start cancel switch) is provided so as not to perform the measurement even after the cornea C to be examined and the device S are completely aligned by the automatic alignment driving means.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an ophthalmic apparatus in which measurement is automatically started when alignment is completed by an automatic alignment apparatus.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art An ophthalmologic apparatus of this type has a mount for manually aligning the apparatus in the up, down, left, right, front and back directions with respect to the cornea to be examined. When the general alignment with the apparatus is completed, the apparatus is provided with automatic alignment driving means for automatically performing vertical, horizontal, and front-rear alignment, and when the alignment of the cornea to be examined and the apparatus is completed by the automatic alignment driving means, It is considered that the measurement is started.

[0003]

However, in the above-described ophthalmologic apparatus, when the alignment is completed by the automatic alignment apparatus, the measurement is automatically started.

[0004] For this reason, even in the case where the eyelids or eyelashes are applied to the cornea of the subject's eye and the examiner determines that it is better not to perform the measurement in the conventional art, the measurement is started by automatically blowing out the air. Measurement errors frequently occurred, and both the examiner and the examinee were burdened. In addition, when the examiner lifts and measures the eyelid, it is automatically measured during the lifting operation, and a correct measurement value cannot be obtained.

Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide an ophthalmologic apparatus capable of arbitrarily stopping only the measurement after the completion of alignment.

[0006]

In order to achieve this object, the invention according to claim 1 comprises automatic alignment driving means for automatically performing vertical, horizontal, and front-to-rear alignment with respect to a cornea to be examined, When the alignment of the cornea to be examined and the device is completed by the automatic alignment driving unit, in the ophthalmic apparatus that automatically starts the measurement, even when the alignment of the cornea to be examined and the device by the automatic alignment driving unit is completed, The ophthalmologic apparatus is provided with a measurement start release switch that does not perform measurement.

Further, in order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a second aspect.
The invention of the present invention, the eye cornea to be examined, the device is manually up and down,
It has a gantry for positioning in the left, right, front and back directions. When the gantry is operated and the rough alignment between the cornea and the apparatus is completed, the gantry is automatically positioned vertically, left, right, front and back. Alignment driving means,
When the alignment of the cornea to be examined and the device is completed by the automatic alignment driving unit, in the ophthalmic apparatus that automatically starts the measurement, even when the alignment of the cornea to be examined and the device by the automatic alignment driving unit is completed, The ophthalmologic apparatus is provided with a measurement start release switch that does not perform measurement.

[0008] The invention according to claim 3 is characterized in that a switch for canceling the operation of the measurement start canceling switch is provided.

A fourth aspect of the present invention is characterized in that the switch for canceling the operation of the measurement start canceling switch is also used as the measurement start canceling switch.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided the ophthalmologic apparatus according to the first or second aspect, wherein the non-contact tonometer for obtaining an intraocular pressure by blowing an airflow onto the cornea to be examined to obtain an intraocular pressure. By the action of the release switch, the measurement including the operation of blowing the airflow is not performed.

The invention according to claim 6 is characterized in that the measurement start release switch is provided on a joystick belonging to the gantry.

[0012]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Next, an embodiment of an ophthalmologic apparatus according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

<Schematic Configuration of Ophthalmic Apparatus> In FIG.
Reference numeral 41 denotes a base having a built-in power supply, and a gantry 121 is mounted on the base 141 so as to be movable back and forth, left and right,
A joystick 122 is held at the rear of the gantry 121 so as to be tiltable in any direction. The joystick 122 is tilted to the front, rear, left and right, and the gantry 12 is moved.
1 is moved on the base 141 back and forth and right and left. Since a well-known structure is adopted for this structure, detailed description is omitted. Also, Joystick 12
A measurement stop switch 123 is attached to the upper end of the second as a measurement start release switch.

A cam plate 132 having an inclined surface 132a at the front end is attached to the upper surface of the base 141, and a microswitch 131 is attached to the side of the gantry 121. The microswitch 131 is mounted on the gantry 12
1 is turned on by the cam plate 132 by the rearward movement operation. In the center of the gantry 121 is a support 12
4, a monitor mounting plate 125 is mounted, and the monitor television 100 is mounted on the monitor mounting plate 125.

On the front end of the monitor mounting plate 125, an apparatus body case 101a of the measuring apparatus S is automatically moved in the front-rear, left-right, up-down (XYZ) directions via a three-dimensional driving mechanism (three-dimensional driving means). It is mounted so that it can be driven.
That is, the vertical driving device 103 is placed on the monitor mounting plate 125.
A front / rear / left / right drive device 102 is mounted via the front side, and an apparatus body case 101a is mounted on the front / rear / left / right drive device 102. The optical system shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B includes the optical measurement unit 1 in the apparatus main body case 101a.
01 is built in. In addition, the front-rear left-right driving device 1
02 is a left-right driving device 102a and a front-rear driving device 102
b.

The vertical drive device 103 includes a motor 104 mounted on a monitor mounting plate 125 and a support 105
Having. The motor 104 and the column 105 are connected by a pinion rack (not shown), and the column 105 is driven by the motor 104 in the vertical direction (Y direction). A table 106 is provided at an upper end of the support 105.

The left and right driving device 102a has a column 107 and a motor 108 mounted on the table 106, and a table 109 mounted on the upper end of the column 107 so as to be movable left and right. At the rear end of this table 109,
As shown in FIG. 4, a rack 110 is provided. In addition, a pinion 111 is provided on the output shaft of the motor 108, and the pinion 111 is engaged with the rack 110.

Further, the front-rear drive unit 102b includes a motor 112 mounted on an upper portion of the table 109,
13. The output shaft of the motor 112 is provided with a pinion 114. An apparatus main body case 115 containing the optical measurement unit 101 is slidably provided in the upper part of the support 113 so as to slide back and forth. A rack 116 is provided on a side portion of the apparatus main body case 115. The rack 116 is engaged with the pinion 114.

The motors 104, 108 and 112 are controlled by a control signal output from a control circuit 51 described later. When the control signal is output to the motor 104, the apparatus main body case 115 moves in the Y direction.
8, when the control signal is output, the movement in the X direction is controlled, and when the control signal is output to the motor 112, the movement in the Z direction is controlled, whereby the alignment adjustment is automatically performed. I have. The control circuit 51 and the three-dimensional driving mechanism (ie, the vertical driving device 103 and the front-rear left-right driving mechanism 102) constitute an automatic alignment driving unit.

<Optical System> In FIG. 1A, reference numeral 10 denotes an anterior ocular segment observation optical system as a main optical system for observing an anterior ocular segment image including a subject's eye.

The anterior ocular segment observation optical system 10 has an objective lens 11 and an imaging lens 12. On the optical axis O of the objective lens 11, a blowing nozzle 13 for jetting an air pulse toward the eye I to be examined is provided. The light beam forming the anterior segment image is formed on the CCD camera 16 via the objective lens 11, the half mirror 14, the imaging lens 12, the correction lens 15 (focus correction means), and the half mirror 22.

The correction lens 15 is set so as to be displaceable between a standby state retracted from the optical axis O and a correction state located in the optical axis O. The gantry 121 is in the foreground, and is inserted when the microswitch 131 is turned on by the plate 132.

As shown in FIG. 1B, the half mirror 14 constitutes a part of an alignment optical system 17 for aligning the visual axis O 'of the eye I to be examined with the optical axis O of the main optical system. The alignment optical system 17 emits infrared light as a light source L
It has an ED 18, an opening 19, and a collimator lens 20.

The collimator lens 20 converts the infrared light of the LED 18 into a parallel light beam, and the parallel light beam is reflected by the half mirror 14 toward the objective lens 11 and passes through the inside of the spray nozzle 13 toward the cornea 21 of the eye I to be examined. And is emitted.

Further, the parallel light beam emitted toward the cornea 21 is reflected by the cornea 21 and guided to the CCD camera 16 via the imaging lens 12 and the half mirror 22.

Further, a part of the light beam reflected from the cornea 21 is reflected by the half mirror 22 and guided to the light receiving element 23, and the index image i3 for visual axis alignment alignment is formed on the CCD camera 16. Incidentally, 23 is capable of two-dimensional position detection.

The anterior eye image and the index image i3 formed on the CCD camera 16 are input to a video signal processing circuit, which will be described later, and are imaged. A reticle image forming the visual axis allowable range mark 3 is projected on the CCD camera 16.

On the other hand, in order to set the working distance W from the vertex P of the cornea 21 to the tip Q of the spray nozzle 13, the index projection optical systems 24 and 2 are provided separately from the alignment optical system 17.
5 are provided. The index projection optical system 24,
Numeral 25 is symmetrically arranged with respect to the optical axis O of the objective lens 11.

The index projection optical system 24 is an LED as a light source
26. The index projection optical system 25 has an LE as a light source.
D27.

The LED 26 emits, for example, infrared light having a wavelength of 760 nm. The infrared light emitted from the LED 26 is condensed by the condenser lens 28 and guided to the opening 29.
After being focused on the center of the opening 29, the infrared light is guided to the dichroic mirror 30. The dichroic mirror 30 has a characteristic of reflecting infrared light having a wavelength of 760 nm and transmitting infrared light having a wavelength of 860 nm.

The LED 27 emits, for example, infrared light having a wavelength of 860 nm. The infrared light emitted from the LED 27 is condensed by the condenser lens 31 and guided to the opening 32.
After being focused on the center of the opening 32, the infrared light is guided to a dichroic mirror 33. The dichroic mirror 33 has a characteristic of reflecting infrared light having a wavelength of 860 nm and transmitting infrared light having a wavelength of 760 nm.

The infrared light having a wavelength of 760 nm reflected by the dichroic mirror 30 is guided to the objective lens 34,
Wavelength 860 reflected by dichroic mirror 33
The infrared light of nm is guided to the objective lens 35.

The objective lenses 34 and 35 correspond to the cornea 2 of the eye I to be examined.
I am facing 1. The focal positions of the objective lenses 34 and 35 are located at the centers of the openings 29 and 32. Objective lenses 34, 3
The infrared light guided to 5 is converted into a parallel light beam by the objective lenses 34 and 35 and projected on the cornea 21 respectively.

The parallel light beam projected by the objective lens 34 forms an index image i1 for working distance alignment based on corneal specular reflection, and the parallel light beam projected by the objective lens 35 is used for working distance alignment based on corneal mirror reflection. An index image i2 is formed.

The reflected light beam forming the index image i1 is guided to the objective lens 35 and the focal position of the objective lens 35 is changed to the index image i.
When it is at the position 1, it is converted into a parallel light beam, and the parallel light beam is guided to the total reflection mirror 37 via the dichroic mirror 33 and the half mirror 36. Then, the direction is changed by the total reflection mirror 37 and guided to the total reflection mirror 39 via the relay lens 38. This total reflection mirror 3
The parallel light beam reflected by 9 is turned by the total reflection mirror 40 and guided to the light receiving element 41.

The reflected light beam forming the index image i2 is guided to the objective lens 34, and the focus position of the objective lens 34 is changed to the index image i.
When it is at point 2, it is a parallel light beam. Objective lens 34
The reflected light flux converted into a parallel light flux through the dichroic mirror 30 is guided to the total reflection mirror 42, and is guided to the relay lens 43 by the total reflection mirror 42.

Further, the parallel light flux passing through the relay lens 43 is turned by the total reflection mirrors 44 and 45,
An image is formed on the light receiving element 41. The index images i1 and i2 are formed in conformity with the light receiving element 41 when the distance from the corneal vertex P of the subject's eye to the tip Q of the nozzle is at a regular working distance, and otherwise formed separately. Imaged. The light receiving element 41 is capable of two-dimensional position detection.

The LEDs 26 and 27 are turned on and off by a control circuit (not shown).

The output of the light receiving element 41 is input to a signal processing circuit 49, and the output signal of the light receiving element 23 is output to a signal processing circuit 50.
Is input to The signal processing circuit 49 includes a pair of index images i1,
The signal processing circuit 50 detects the position of the center of gravity of i2, and the index image i
3 is detected. The detection result is transmitted to the control circuit 51.
And the control circuit 51 calculates the distance between the centers of gravity of the pair of index images i1 and i2.

The control circuit calculates the distance between the cornea of the eye to be examined and the apparatus from the position of the center of gravity of the index image i3 and the distance between the centers of gravity of the pair of index images i1 and i2. To move the optical measurement unit 101 including the airflow blowing device disposed below the blowing nozzle 13 (not shown) to a predetermined position.

In the meantime, if the device cannot be set at a predetermined position due to the fixation of the eye to be examined or the like, the operation is repeated, and the positional relationship between the device and the cornea of the eye to be examined is moved up, down, left, right, up and down so as to be within a predetermined range. Let it. When the control circuit determines that the device and the cornea are set in a predetermined positional relationship,
An airflow blowing start signal is output to the airflow blowing device.
The airflow blowing device automatically starts emitting air pulses from the blowing nozzle 13 toward the cornea 21.

The LED 26, condenser lens 28, aperture 29, dichroic mirror 30, and objective lens 34
It functions as a corneal detection light projection optical system that projects corneal deformation detection light toward the cornea 21 in order to optically detect deformation of the cornea 21 due to ejection of an air pulse.

The cornea 21 is flattened by the injection of air pulses, and the reflected light beam due to the deformation of the cornea 21
The light is reflected by the half mirror 36 via the dichroic mirror 33, guided to the condenser lens 56, and focused on the light receiving element 57 by the condenser lens 56.

Objective lens 35, dichroic mirror 3
3. The half mirror 36, the condenser lens 56, and the light receiving element 57 constitute a detection light receiving optical system that receives the reflection of the corneal deformation detection light from the cornea 21, and the amount of light received by the light receiving element 57 increases as the cornea 21 starts to deform. I do. This cornea 21
The intraocular pressure is measured according to a known procedure based on the increase in the amount of received light due to the deformation of.

<Operation> Here, a series of operation control by the control circuit 51 will be described. The examiner places the gantry 121 in front. At this time, the micro switch 131 is connected to the base 14
1 is turned on by the plate 132 on the
Is inserted on the optical axis O. The subject's face is placed on the chin rest 151. The gantry 121 is manually advanced. The micro switch 131 is turned off, and the correction lens 15
Evacuate from above. Each light receiving element 23 and 41
When the corneal reflected light from the ED enters, the above-described control circuit 51 sends a signal to a motor (not shown) of the vertical driving device 103 and motors 108 and 112 of the front-rear left-right driving device 102 and is disposed below the spray nozzle 13 (not shown). The optical measurement unit 101 including the airflow blowing device to be started is moved to a predetermined position.

Here, the subject has many blinks,
When the eyelashes are applied, the examiner presses the measurement stop switch 123 of the joystick 122.
Then, the movement of the optical measurement unit 101 is continued by the up-down driving device 103 and the front-rear left-right driving device 102. However, even if the cornea C and the device S have a predetermined positional relationship, the airflow blowing device starts to blow airflow. It is controlled not to output a signal. The examiner stops pressing the measurement stop switch 123 when the fixation tremor of the subject's eye calms down and the eyelids or eyelashes are not applied. Then, since the apparatus had been operating so as to keep the predetermined positional relationship with the cornea, the start signal of the airflow was output to the airflow blowing apparatus at the moment when the examiner released the measurement stop switch 123, and the measurement was performed. Will be

The measurement stop switch 123 may be arranged in another place such as on a panel switch instead of the joystick 122.

The measurement stop switch 123 may be of a toggle SW type in addition to the momenter SW, or may be switched using a finger or the like to turn on and off light as in a photodetector.

[0049]

As described above, the first aspect of the present invention is:
An automatic alignment driving unit is provided for automatically performing vertical, horizontal, and front-to-back alignment with respect to the cornea to be inspected. When the alignment between the cornea and the apparatus is completed by the automatic alignment driving unit, measurement is automatically performed. In the ophthalmologic apparatus to be started, even if the alignment between the cornea to be examined and the apparatus by the automatic alignment driving means is completed, a measurement start release switch that does not perform the measurement is provided, so that only the measurement after the completion of the alignment is optional. Can be stopped.

[0050] In order to achieve the above object, a second aspect of the present invention is provided.
The invention of the present invention, the eye cornea to be examined, the device is manually up and down,
It has a gantry for positioning in the left, right, front and back directions. When the gantry is operated and the rough alignment between the cornea and the apparatus is completed, the gantry is automatically positioned vertically, left, right, front and back. Alignment driving means,
When the alignment of the cornea to be examined and the device is completed by the automatic alignment driving unit, in the ophthalmic apparatus that automatically starts the measurement, even when the alignment of the cornea to be examined and the device by the automatic alignment driving unit is completed, Since the configuration is provided with a measurement start release switch that does not perform measurement, when the manual approximate alignment of the apparatus with respect to the cornea of the eye is completed, automatic alignment by the automatic alignment driving means is started, and only the measurement after the alignment is completed is performed. Can be stopped arbitrarily.

Since the invention according to claim 3 is provided with a switch for canceling the operation of the measurement start canceling switch, it is possible to arbitrarily stop only the measurement after the alignment is completed and then restart the measurement. it can.

According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, since the switch for canceling the operation of the measurement start canceling switch is also used as the measurement start canceling switch, the number of parts can be reduced.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided the ophthalmologic apparatus according to the first or second aspect, wherein the non-contact tonometer for determining an intraocular pressure by blowing an airflow onto the cornea to be examined to obtain an intraocular pressure. Since the measurement is not performed including the operation of blowing the airflow by the action of the release switch, the measurement after the alignment is completed without giving the subject the discomfort caused when the airflow is blown to the cornea of the subject's eye Can be stopped arbitrarily and reliably.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, since the measurement start canceling switch is provided on the joystick belonging to the gantry, the switch can be operated even during the manual alignment of the apparatus with respect to the cornea to be examined. It is possible to arbitrarily stop only the measurement after the completion of the alignment by using only the present hand.

In addition, according to the above-described configuration, the examiner can instantaneously measure the time when the subject's eyelids are widely opened or the time when the fixation eye movement is reduced, and an accurate measurement result can be obtained. It became easy to be. In addition, when the examiner lifts the eyelid of the subject, the measurement is not carelessly started. In addition, since automatic tracking is continued in accordance with the fixation tremor of the subject's eye, it is possible to measure when the examiner determines that the measurement is optimal, and there is no measurement error, and both the examiner and the subject The burden is gone.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1A is a plan view of an optical system according to an ophthalmologic apparatus of the present invention, and FIG. 1B is an explanatory diagram showing a relationship between an optical system using the inside of a spray nozzle of FIG. is there.

FIG. 2 is a side view of an ophthalmologic apparatus including the optical system shown in FIG.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of the three-dimensional drive mechanism of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a plan view of FIG. 3;

[Explanation of symbols]

 C: Cornea to be examined S: Device 13: Spray nozzle 51: Control circuit 101: Optical measuring unit 101a: Device main body case 102: Front / rear left / right drive mechanism 103: Vertical drive unit 121: Stand 122: Joystick 123: Measurement stop switch ( Measurement start release switch)

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. An automatic alignment driving means for automatically performing vertical, horizontal, and front-to-rear alignment with respect to the cornea to be examined, and when the alignment between the cornea and the apparatus is completed by the automatic alignment driving means, An ophthalmologic apparatus for automatically starting a measurement, comprising: a measurement start canceling switch that does not perform a measurement even when the alignment between the cornea to be examined and the apparatus by the automatic alignment driving means is completed. 2. A gantry for manually positioning the apparatus vertically, horizontally, and longitudinally with respect to the cornea to be examined,
When the approximate positioning of the cornea of the eye to be examined and the apparatus is completed by operating the gantry, an automatic alignment driving unit that automatically performs vertical and horizontal, left and right, front and rear alignments is provided, and the eye to be inspected by the automatic alignment driving unit is provided. When the alignment between the cornea and the device is completed, in an ophthalmologic apparatus that automatically starts measurement, a measurement start release switch that does not perform the measurement even when the alignment between the cornea to be examined and the device by the automatic alignment driving unit is completed. An ophthalmologic apparatus comprising: 3. The apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a switch for canceling an operation of said measurement start canceling switch.
An ophthalmologic apparatus according to item 1. 4. The ophthalmologic apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the switch for releasing the operation of the measurement start release switch is also used as the measurement start release switch. 5. The ophthalmologic apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the non-contact tonometer is configured to blow an airflow onto a cornea to be examined to deform the cornea and obtain an intraocular pressure, and the non-contact tonometer is operated by the measurement start release switch. An ophthalmologic apparatus characterized in that measurement is not performed, including the operation of blowing airflow. 6. The ophthalmologic apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the measurement start release switch is provided on a joystick belonging to the gantry.